Code No: R7210202 R7

II B.Tech I Semester(R07) Supplementary Examinations, November 2010

FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What are the pressure measuring devices? Explain the working of an inverted U tube differential
manometer.
(b) A pipe containing water at 172KN/m2 pressure is connected by a differential guage to another
pipe 1.5m lower than first pipe and containing water at high pressure. If the difference in the
heights of the two mercury columns of the guage is equal to 75mm, what is the pressure in the
lower pipe? Specific gravity of mercury is 13.6.
[8+8]
2. (a) Define and explain stream line, path line and streak line in fluid mechanics.
(b) For the following flow, find the equation of the streamline passing through (1.1)
v = 3xi − 3yj [8+8]
3. (a) Derive the equation for discharge of a venturi meter from fundamentals.
(b) A venturimeter has its axis vertical and carries petrol of specific gravity 0.78. The inlet and
throat diameters are 150mm and 75 mm respectively. The pressure connection at throat 150 mm
above that at inlet and actual discharge is 40 lit/sec and cd =0.96. Calcuate pressure difference
at inlet and throat in N/m2 . [8+8]
4. (a) A jet of water 70 mm diameter and having a velocity of 30m/sec, impinges at the centre of a
hemispherical vane. The linear velocity of vane is 10m/sec in the direction of the jet. Find the
force exerted on the vane and efficiency of the jet.
(b) Explain how the jet gets distributed at two tips when a jet of water strikes an inclined stationary
plate at the centre. What will be the work done? [8+8]
5. (a) What is forebay and what are different parts of forebay. Explain.
(b) What is a tunnel. Discuss the classification of tunnels. [8+8]
6. (a) Describe briefly the functions of various main components of Pelton turbine with neat sketches.
(b) The following data is given for a Francis turbine: Net head = 70 m, speed = 600 r.p.m., shaft power
= 367.875 kW, η0 = 85%, ηh =95%, flow ratio = 0.25, breadth ratio = 0.1, outer diameter of the
runner = 2 X inner diameter of runner. The thickness of vanes occupy 10% of the circumferential
area of the runner. Velocity of flow is constant at inlet and outlet and discharge is radial at outlet.
Determine:
i. Guide blade angle,
ii. Runner vane angles at inlet and outlet,
iii. Diameters of runner at inlet and outlet, and
iv. Width of wheel at inlet. [8+8]
7. (a) What are unit quantities? Define the unit quantities for a turbine. Why are they important?
(b) A turbine develops 7357.5 kW S.P. when running at 200 r.p.m. The head on the turbine is 40 m.
If the head on the turbine is reduced to 25 m, determine the speed and power developed by the
turbine. [8+8]
8. (a) How will you obtain an expression for the minimum speed for starting a centrifugal pump?
(b) Find the rise in pressure in the impeller of a centrifugal pump through which water is flowing at
the rate of 15 lit/s. The internal and external diameters of the impeller are 20 cm and 40 cm
respectively. The widths of impeller at inlet and outlet are 1.6 cm and 0.8 cm. The pump is
running at 1200 r.p.m. The water enters the impeller radially at inlet and impeller vane angle at
outlet is 300 . Neglect losses through the impeller. [16]

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