Power Converters Models Components

1. FAST2 2. Steve 3. Simulink 4. Florin 5. Hendrik 6. Voith7 7. Larsen 8. 9. 10. Arne 11.ss 12
Miller3 built in Iov5 Bindner Mogensen8 Henrikse Benbouzid Körber
According to Florin Iov
Library (3 996 n (MPC)9 0910 (MPC)11
Models)4
Power Converters
Models
1 3-phase Diode Bridge
X
Rectifier
2 Voltage Source
X
Converter
3 Soft Starter X
4 RMS Soft Starter X

Modulation Strategies
1 Average PWM Strategies X
2 Average SVM Strategies X
3 Average SVM Strategy
X
C_Sfun
4 Sinus PWM X
5 Switching PWM Strategy X
6 Switching SVM Strategy X
Switching SVM Strategy
X
C_Sfun
7 SVM Strategy X
 X

SB – Simulink Block
NL – Non Linear
S-F = S Function

1. Suggestions

1. FAST2 2. Steve 3. Simulink 4. Florin 5. Hendrik 6. Voith7 7. Larsen 8. 9. 10. Arne 11.ss 12
Miller3 built in Iov5 Bindner Mogensen8 Henrikse Benbouzid Körber
Library4 996 n (MPC)9 0910 (MPC)11
1 Future Wind
X
Speed
 2. Suggestions
(Arne (Arne Nanayakkar
Körber) Körber) a
Schlipf, Costa et.
 Kühn and
al
Rettenmeier
Wind Speed
1 LIDAR (future WS) X X
Cubic Spline
approach in
2 combination with X
an IIR filter (future
WS)
Autoregressive
3 Wind Model X
(Future WS)
Note:
1. Kaimal spectra. The wind speed is calculated as an average value of the fixed-point wind speed over the whole rotor, and it takes the tower shadow and the rational
turbulences into account[] . Main components is the normally distributed white noise generator. The new normally distributed white noise generator has been
implemented using a ‘C’ S-Function based on Ziggurat Algorithm developed by G. Marsaglia[].

2.

4. Simulink. Based on the steady state power characteristics of the turbine. The stiffness of the drive train is invinite and the friction factor and the inertia of the turbine
must be combined with those of the generator coupled to the turbine.
1st model (Wind Turbine from SimPowerSystems) Inputs:
 generator speed,
 the pitch angle and the wind speed,
output
is the torque applied to the generator shaft.
The Doubly-fed induction generator phasor model is the same as the wound rotor asynchronous machine (SimPowerSystems/Machines Library), with 2 points of
differences:
Only positive-sequence is taken into account, the negative-sequence has been eliminated
A trip input is added. When this input is high the induction generator is disconnected from the grid and from C rotor.

8. Individuel pitchreguleing af vindmølle. Larsen Mogensen å

 3 blade variable speed wind turbine
 The turbine can be controlled by pitch angle anf the torque is delivered form the generator
 4 different operation area (depend on wind): Low, Mid and High Performance.
o For Low the velocity must kept constant
o For mid the peak effects are taken out of the wind
o High range, both speed and power limited to the nominal level.
 Another criterion for all : Minimize the structural loads
11. Model Predictive Control for Wind Turbines. Arne Körber and Rudiment King.
 Collective Pitch Control is considered, the entire rotor is treating as a single DOF (not three blades individually).
 Capture the important nonminimum phase characteristics[][] of the plant with respect to speed control.
 Coupled tower-blades system with the main drive train dynamics throught the effective wind speed.
 Model Parameter - [Flex 5 Simulation of Wind Turbine Dynamics. In Proc. Of the 28 th IEA Meeting of Experts State of the Art of Aeroelastic Codes for Wind Turbine
Calculations, pages 71-76, 1996]

13. Extended Kalman Filter

To represents the dynamic behavior of the induction machine usually the dynamic behavior of the induction machine usually the modeling process starts with the machine
equations in phase coordinates and then they are transformed to the DQ0 reference frame. – advanced induction machine model in phase coordinates for wind turbine
application.

Author developed model of generator, which computes with the stator variables in physical (abc) form – analysis of distributed generation sources using abc synchronous
machine models

Glosar
1.Asynchronous Machine (Matlab)
Model the dynamics of three-phase asynchronous machine, also known as induction machine.

2.Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (Matlab)

Model the dynamics of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine with sinusoidal or trapezoidal back electromotive force (back EMF)

3.Simplified Synchronous Machine (Matlab)

Model the dynamics of simplified three-phase synchronous machine

4.Single Phase Asynchronous Machine

Model the dynamics of single phase asynchronous machine with squirrel-cage rotor

5.Synchronous Machine
Model the dynamics of three-phase round-rotor or salient-pole synchronous machine

4.Abc_to_dq0 transformation
The abc_to_dq0 Transformation block computes the direct axis, quadratic axis, and zero sequence quantities in a two-axis rotating reference frame for a three-phase
sinusoidal signal. This transformation is commonly used in three-phase electric machine models, where it is known as a Park transformation
Questions:

Literature
9. Model Predictive Control for Wind Turbine. Arne Körber and Rudiment King

Date:
30 Sept 2010