UNIVERSTTI

TEKNOLOGI
P ETRONAS

GOURSE : PAB2O94 WELL COMPLETIONS AND PRODUCTION

DATE : 18 NOVEMBER 2009 (WEDNESDAY)
TIME = 2.30 PM - 5.30 PM (3 HOURS)

INSTRUGTIONS TO GANDIDATES

1. Answer ALL questions from the Question Booklet.

2. Begin EACH answer on a new page in the Answer Booklet.
3. lndicate clearly answers that are cancelled, if any'
4. Where applicable, show clearly steps taken in arriving at the solutions and
indicate ALL assumptions.
5. Do not open this Question Booklet until instructed.

Note : i. There are NINETEEN (19) pages in this Question Booklet

including the cover page and Appendices.
ii. Graph and Semi Log papers are provided.
iii. Engineering Formula Booklet are given.

Unlversiti Teknologi PETRONAS

 PAB 2094

with following data:

1. a. A reservoir is producing at stable conditions
1800 psi
average reservoir pressure' P'=
1000 psi
bottom hole flowing pressure ' P*f=
bubble Point Pressure' P6 = 2000 Psi
oil flow rale, qo=210 bbl/daY

By using Vogel's equation,

calculate the maximum oil production' \

{".r .. [2 marks]

\*\
il. plottheinflowperformancerelationshipassumingbottomhole ,1'-

flowingpressuresofl350psi,g00psi,450psi,and0psi(graphg
paper is provided)'
[6 marks]

(v
index for a well producing ttpj{'""
b. Determine the specific productivity
bbl/daywithaflowingbottomholepressureof2350psi.Thereservotrl'.rn,lu\
pressure is 3390 psi.\'
thickness is 40 ft and average reseryoir ...4. 1,.
[4 marks] \t"' \'

lf a second well in the same oil field as in Part j=tftes

(b) the
c.
i.
at a location where the reservoir thickness 99ii
calculate
reservoir
same rate as the well in Part
the flowing bottom hole Pressure at the ".\.,*
(b).
[4 marks]

2
 PAB 2094

An oil well has been drilled by Myanmar oil and Gas Enterprise. when
it was
2.
found that there were three_P19duqtive zones in this well, it is required
to
well. well
accomplish bottom-hole completions to produce well fluid from this
completions should include apprgry|a! :91pl_"li:: componelts' rhe
::1in
information on these three productive zones is listed"lii-.fhe tottowing table.

TABLE Q2

Productive Depth Bottom-hole TYPe Specific

Zone Pressure of Fluid and Gravity of

constituents FAd ,t
3550 psi oil aJjT \r
Tone I 10000 ft t:
", I
0.78 \r
Zone 2 10050 ft 3600 psi Oil, with sand
particles \ r*'\ /
I i1
L

Zone 3 10150 ft 3700 psi oil \ \?Ii

{
1.'
. btr'

J:'''r
.
, rr'\
q
r'I
nlr

'
,J',
a. Draw fne cpmpletion configuration for each of the following cases. \' ,'t
,!'
It\
-
t. To produce oil from zone 1 and zone 3 commingled or
segregated whilst zone 2 shut-in.
[3 marks]

: '/
ii. To produce oil from .9n*g"gregated with no sand p-articles 0

whilst zone l and zone 3 shut-in.

[3 marks]

iii. To produce oil from zone 1 and zone 2 segregated, and

simultaneously whilst zone 3 shut-in

[3 marks]
 PAB 2094

and
tv. To produce oil from zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3 segregated' i
simultaneouslY. ,'/
[3 marksJ
Svd
11* ,-'
fr
.\
d{
List THREE (3) completion string components consisted
in your r
b. fl
suggestedwellcompletiontype,andgiveanexplanationfor-eacft
component. /
-lI
l-'
(ii "Y
's'z-Jr -1d
,\\u o r"1 y'J-
{f; r! t-fl
, r-'' i' L
\\'' ,r'' ltr' .
1f l.'''
'-
{rr rr-"i'H/ \;

4
 t ,1"t"
PAB 2094

the aid of a neat

the operating principle of ESP system with

[4 marks]

\:
ListFoUR(4)componentsofanEsPsystemandexplainthefunctions
,\,
of these comPonents'
[4 marks]

layout for gravel pT[]g

Make a proper drawirlg of surface equipment
o p e ratio n a n d ex p a i n s-u rra
I ce iiEia-ti*o n- p roce.gu re f o r g rave I
?":::;r,

Discuss the suitability of ESP and GL artificial

lift systems for both
d.
onshore and offshore application'
[4marks]

t,

r'\\'
 PAB 2094

at depths
ln Field X, three wells were completed in similar formations
ranging from 5,000 ft to 10,000 ft. The individuat
well information is
given in TABLE Qaa(i).

TABLE Q4a(i)

Flowrate (bbl/d)
Reservoir thickness (ft)
Drawdown (Psia)
0il PermeabilitY (mD)

(skin S = 0) oil Producing

The ideal producing rate, q of an undamaged
well in a steady state flow can be estimated
from the reservoir data

tabulated in TABLE Qaa(ii)'

TABLE Qaa(ii)
OilviscositY 6cp
ffi 1.2

@ 800 ft

Wellbore radius 0.25 ft

Calculatetheidealwellproducingratesforallwells'
[4 marks]

ii. Compute the skin factor for each well'

[4 marks]

Using your answer in part (ii), indicate which well

would benefit
iii.
from an acid treatment and estimate the potential Production
increase after the treatment'
12 marks)

6
if,
 PAB 2094

b. A well was completed over a 500 mD formation with a well spacing of

40 acres (r, = 745 ft). The wellbore diameter is 7 ft inch. lf it is decided
to case the hole, the pay zone will be perforated with a through ,Y!]nn
gun where the perforation charges have a depth of penetration of
1 4 inch rh" dtrhg'S-"9{r.9g$'m?1iy fllf i".:t
rABLE Q4b
rnJ o"pttl 9f dfllle"d-Jgsi"11lgry the wellbore'
tabulate the available mud tYPe.
il-
\

TABLE Q4b
Mud A B C D

Permeability in damaged zone (mD) 100 20 300 200

Depth of invasion (ft) 16 0.8 2.0 2.3

From a well productivity point of view, which mud system would you
recommend for the following completions? Justify your answer'

Open hole.
[5 marks]

ii. Cased hole.

[5 marks]

7
 PAB 2094

5. a. Data for a completed well in Field Y are tabulated in TABLE QSa'

TABLE QSA

8500 ft
/"
Tubing length
4000 barrel liquid Per daY b lr!
// * ,'j'
v'
Flowrate
Tubing diameter 4 inch
\\q
Well head Pressure 120 psi

Average reservoir Pressure 2500 psi i.

ProductivitY lndex 4.0 (linear)

Gas Oil Ratio 400 scf/bbl

Water cut 50%

y(. --\i !.,"

,lt
Determine the following:
' '^, 't''
I Vi, l ,,1

,:l

t"t
:
, )r
t
.-l

i. The gas liquid ratio to flow the well' .

i\
/r
'\-' tt
' [3 marks] \\.\'
t\

ii. Amount of injection gas per day required if gas is injected at the
bottop of the tubing.
i; t [6 marks]

b. A well and reservoir have the following completion and reservoir data,
tabulated in TABLE QSb. The flow is 100% oil' ,).1

TABLE Qsb
7000 fr
ui,
'l
Depth of tubing
Average reservoir Pressure 2700 psi

Pl (linear) 3.5 b/d/psi

Wellhead pressure 1 20 psi

Gas Liquid Ratio 300 scf/bbl

Tubing diameter 4 inch

 PAB 2094

Using the Gilbert Chart attached in the APPENDIX l, construct

the inflow performance relationship curve and intake pressure
curve. Use the graph paper provided.
\\: [5 marks]

ii. From answer in part (bxi), determine the operating point.

[2 marks]

iii. Discuss the effect of tubing size and water cut towards the
operating rate.
[4 marks]

(Note: Show all your workings in Gilbert Charts in APPENDIX I and submit all
the working together with the answer script).

o
 PAB 2094

t'.
.,
\O.Vt Gas lift performance curve for Well 1, Well 2 and Well 3 are shown in FIGURE
\l-\ 6a, 6b and 6c respectively.
Gas Lltt Perlomancs - \ttell 2
3200
6000 :1.1ii ir-;":i :.: ;.r: i , ,: ii
i:
, lllrl . :- '1..:l

:.:ji!.;;i:i.";::i r;i;:.::: i i
i ut di{idi ii;ii: :.tBqr..': : : 2800
5600

r,i,l

/./
1.--|.!...tr,:: n; i .
.";Jr!.'i-.:rirt:l r,
24W
5200 ,/:
/:/"
I i i'r-:l: :

' ,-1" ''

!.r.; l,::i:: :

ti..t:i:,i...,..: .::
g ttt :
P ?ooo T: i:t:: i :::t i::: :: l /l ':,.

o
4800
."'1 '
5o ii
:'::;i;

:.:::::r_: jj::_:i: i: : ::: :

i ;
, iii ;,.
/ t
,.
:.

. .-:
:.
O i
E ::i'IIr$ir'j.,;;;rr s | : .t... ... .:; . ^ ./ i...!.i i ij
I ::. !
i. :::: rr: i::l:-'.ili
:. :'.. r r.l!, jlrr,
i

co 44@ co 1600 t: ':, :"., . -/-: ::t tlu:::l

:: .. J ':j1:l
4o
)
i1:

iii
1.j
li
t
u
j ....- : '/:'; ri.*',1$1$.-'
:,: ,.' I '
;:::l:i

:::;: y'/
d 1?m -..;
o .l
E
i 4000
i:i
3' I t."
.
:

: : llr::::l:t:, I I : I tl:::ll ;:, ii.::::r:.: :r:

:s : l.:i:' : rii_t.i.i :--:t::r i i til
E : ii
i:i:
: :.i.ii-^], :.:;I :i4r,i
li::-:::::: r,l l:
'a_i
jl F

$*m
,
i
: ::
: r.: :.1.:.3,!ti,i.:";:t, L;;..i
li: : l:i:'r:.ii ::i ir,,.::.:.
i i{.i i; t..-::.;
iii:,
i
$u*
(5
o
3200 400

::::i-

2800
34 I 345
Gas iniectlon rate {M[,] sct/d] rale (MM sc'l/d)

FIGURE 6A FIGURE 6b

Gas Llft Perbrmance - Well 3

Ot00
llr : il ! -;: 1:, 4
"#ttl'l
i::r1: l:ll:
!+.i: I*{: ; t::':I
l
r L l:tti
; .;i' ;;.
:f:'
).lt.
'i':!l -i't::
i,l::;
2EOO f$
f!. :lul
i-t i-;
tt:1:;
it.;r
i-r::
2&O r*::r:l
1l'
,
j.# tir

I 2000
1f_i
'.!ilr;
5 l.::..i.li:;
{! ;.;i:!t:.;
1ti:
E ir.; t*i i.ti.

Isg 1600
j#: fii:r::'-.i
!ii!!;-i,t
.t!:
lJ {,i.: 'l ii:1r .i 1x

E it ,-:*-l .i'
.tir rt
6 'iri
E troo
i,,n
E'
3
F
B aoo
u :], i-;:.
l,i
i:'!i
i:ltltl::l :1. i:t i i
il rr :..:.)... :_1

{o0

il ir:il:
i:::l
ii
t,,
0
G* iniesden r{b ruM ec{/d}

FIGURE 6c

10
 PAB 2094

Using an incremental of 0.5MMscf/d unit of gas, determine the following;

a. Net incremental of oil for the field if your company decided to allocate
SMMscf/d of gas for gas lift.

[5 Marks]

b. Net oil increment if the company decided to reduce the available gas
for gas lift to 2MMscf/d.
[5 Marks]

(Note: Show all your workings in ANSWER Q6a, b and c in APPENDIX ll.
Submit all the working together with the answer script).

- END OF PAPER -

11