HEALTH CARE &

WELFARE
MEASURES
166 Augg 2010
0 0
 HEALTH CARE
„ Generally consists of hospital activities and
other human health activities.

„ The delivery of modern health care depends on

an expanding
di group off trained
i d professionals
f i l
coming together as an inter disciplinary team.
 Health care (cont
(cont’d)
d)
„ Health care implies more than medical care.
care

„ H l h care iis a public

Health bli right
i h andd iit iis the
h
responsibility of governments to provide this
care to allll people
l iin equall measure.
 Levels of Health care
„ Primary

„ S
Secondary
d

„ Tertiary
 Changing Concepts
„ Comprehensive Health care

„ B i Health
Basic H l h services
i

„ Primary Health Care

 Principles of Primary Health care
„ Equitable Distribution
„ Community participation
„ I
Intersectoral
l coordination
di i
„ Appropriate Technology
 Classification of Hospitals
(Ownership/Control)
/
„ Public Hospitals

„ V l
Voluntary H
Hospitals
i l

„ Private Nursing Homes

„ Corporate Hospitals
 Growth of Health Care
„ Projected 23% per annum

„ US$ 35 billion
billi to 77 by
b 2012

„ The sector registered 9.3% between

2000 -2009
 Requirements
„ 11.75
75 million beds by the end of 2025
„ Investment US$ 86 billion (Public sector is likely
to contribute 15 -20%)
„ Corporate India is therefore leveraging on this
b i
business potential.
i l
„ Companies increase their foot print: Reliance,
Sahara, Emami, Apollo tyres, Panacea group
 HDI: A Challenge for All
„ Longevity Literacy and GDP per capita are
Longevity,Literacy
main indicators of Human Development.
„ Longevity is a measure of state of health & is
linked to income and education.
„ W k
Weakness iin health
h l h sector h
has an adverse
d effect
ff
on longevity
„ India ranks low(115th) amongst the nations
judged by HDI.
 Welfare Measures
„ Growth in national income by itself is not
enough, if the benefits do not manifest
themselves in the form of more food,
food better
access to health and education.
-Amartyo.K.Sen
Amartyo K Sen
 Welfare Measures (cont
(cont’d)
d)
„ Health outcomes are determined by
environmental, social and physical infrastructure
conditions and factors that can be positively
influenced, Underlying drivers-
drivers-referred to as
social determinants
determinants-- converge in urban settings
which strongly influence health status and other
outcomes.
outcomes
 Welfare Measures (cont
(cont’d)
d)
„ Prevention and early diagnosis and treatment are
the most effective strategies for most of the
diseases (Health check up awareness)
 Prominent risk factors
Disease Risk Factors

H
Heart Di
Disease S ki High
Smoking, Hi h BP
BP, Elevated
El d serum
cholesterol, Diabetes, Obesity etc
Cancer Smoking,Pollution, Radiation,Dietary
factors,work--site hazards etc.
factors,work

Stroke Smoking,
g Alcohol,High
g BP,RTA

Cirrhosis of Alcohol
liver
 Risk Groups
Situation Group
Biological Age, sex, physiological state, genetic
factors, other health conditions etc.
Physical Rural, Urban slums, Living conditions,
Over crowding, water supply, proximity
to Industries etc.
Socio--cultural
Socio Social class, ethnic&cultural group,
customs, habits & behaviour, access to
health services, life style and attitudes
etc.
etc
 Welfare through intervention
„ Health Promotion
„ Health Protection (specific)
„ Early
E l DiDiagnosisi anddTTreatment
„ Disability Limitation
„ Rehabilitation
 Welfare Measures (cont
(cont’d)
d)
„ Infection Control
„ Bio Medical Waste Management
„ EMRI (108)
„ KKT (Tamil Nadu Health Insurance Scheme)
„ Organ donation
„ Compulsory rural service of Doctors.
Doctors
 Altruism, Charity
„ “Variyaarku
Variyaarku Onru Eevade Eehai;Mattrellam
Kuriyethirppai Neera Dudaithu”-
Dudaithu”- Thirukkural;
chapter 23.1
23 1
(To give to the destitute is true charity. All other
gifts have the nature of a measured return).
return)
THANK YOU