Rajiv Gandhi Institute of petroleum technology

Raebareli (UP)

1 Solar Water Heater potential in India.

 ASSINGNMENT NO.2

Topic – Potential for Solar water heating system in India.

Solar water heating (SWH) systems are a mature renewable energy technology which has
been accepted in most countries for many years. SWH has been widely used in Israel,
Australia, Japan, Austria and China.

SWH systems are designed to deliver the optimum amount of hot water for most of the
year. However, in winter there sometimes may not be sufficient solar heat gain to deliver
sufficient hot water. In this case a gas or electric booster is normally used to heat the water.

India is also looking forward for the SWH system as potential market. The solar water
heating system potential, according to Ministry of Non conventional and renewable energy
sources is very high. The Demand is increasing in Indian market. The sale during 2009 is
estimated 0.55 million and CAGR over 1995-2008 is 16.7 %. The possible reason for this is
given below-

1- Growth in new urban housing; rising disposable income; increased propensity for
consumer durables
2- Arrival of ETC & improvements in supply chain
3- Energy price hike
4- Policy initiatives

In India The market of SWH system is divided into 3 parts –

1- Domestic purpose
2- Commercial Purpose
3- Industrial Purpose

The estimated potential of this market is shown –

2 Solar Water Heater potential in India.

 SWH potential under realistic scenario (cumulative million m2) (1 m 2 = 150 lpd)
According to the reports residential sector would remain the largest and attractive sector in
SWH business and it would contribute 84% of the cumulative installation. The second most
attractive segment is commercial sector which includes Hotels, Hospital, Institution and
others. This segment would contribute 10 % of the total business in future.

The demand is in the Indian market under the optimistic condition are given below which
includes the overall economic growth, Govt supports and Technology improvements etc.
and the Demand under the pessimistic conditions which includes the worst condition for
SWH market.

Demand projections under optimistic and pessimistic scenario (cumulative million m2)
The demand projection, under realistic scenario, implies SWH penetration in 1.78% of Indian
households by 2022. In absolute terms, this is 5.25 million SWH-using households in 2022;
for comparison there were 5.22 million water-purifier using households in India is 2008.In
the hotel and hospital segments, SWH penetration will reach 53% and 29% by 2022. The
demand projections under the realistic scenario are compared with the targets set for solar

3 Solar Water Heater potential in India.

water heating in the recently announced Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
is 20 cumulative million m2 in 2022. The comparison shows a considerable gap between the
targets set for the year 2017 and the projected potential. This indicates a need for having a
much closer scrutiny of the JNNSM targets and the strategies to achieve the targets.

Comparison of JNNSM targets and projected potential under realistic scenario

Indian Scenario- Hot water is required in households for bathing, cleaning of utensils,
washing of clothes, cooking, preparation of cattle feed, etc. In majority of the households in
the country, water heating is carried out using the device (stove) used for cooking. While in
rural areas, biomass is the main fuel that is used for water heating, in urban households,
LPG stove, electrical immersion rod, electric geyser, LPG/PNG geyser are the main
appliances that are used for water heating.
A study shows that in the year 2010 around 17 million households in India (6.5% of the total
households) would be using electric geysers. This number is estimated to increase sharply to
56 million households (17.6% of the total households) by the year 2020. The sharp increase
is mainly attributed to increase in household incomes, with greater percentage of
population being able to afford an electric geyser.
These figure shows that the huge demand will available for Hot water. So there will be a lot
of opportunities’ available for SWH market. Also the same thing is for Commercial and
Industrial segment.

4 Solar Water Heater potential in India.