Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Response to calling to client·s Alert & awake with eyes open Lethargy: Open eyes, answers questions,
name. If the client does not respond, and looking at examiner; client and falls back asleep
call the name louder. If necessary, responds appropriately. Obtunded: opens eyes to loud voice, res-
shake the client gently. ponds slowly with confusion, seems un-
If the client still does not respond, aware of environment.
apply a painful stimulus. Stupor: awakens to vigorous to
unrepondsive asleep.
p costure Relaxed, with shoulders back and Tense, rigid, slumped, asymmetrical posture.
both feet stable slumped posture is seen with depression or
organic brain disease.
p Feelings ( vary from joy or Responds appropriately to topic Expresses feelings inappropriate to situation
anger) discussed; expresses feelings appro- (e.g. extreme anger or euphoria)
priate to situation
p Expressions expresses good feelings abour self, Expresses dissatisfaction with self, others,and
others, and life; verbalizes positive coping life in general; verbalizes negative coping
mechanisms (talking, support system, mechanisms ( use of alcohol, drugs, etc.);
counseling, exercise. Etc.) prolonged negative feelings seen with
|epression; elation and high energy seen with
manic phases; excessive worry seen in
obsessive-compulsive disorders; eccentric
moods not relevant to situation are seen in
schizophrenia.
p Clarity and content Expresses full and and free-flowing Expressed thoughts are jumbled, confusing, and
thoughts during interview. And not reality oriented.Repetition and express-
Ion of illogical thoughts are seen with
schizophrenia; rapid flight of ideas in manic
phases; irrational fears with phobias; delusions
seen with psychotic disordes, delirium, and
dementia; illusions seen with acute grief, stress
reactions, schizophrenia, and delirium;
hallucinations with organic brain disease or
psychotic illness.
p Judgement answers to question are based on impaired judgment may be seen in organic brain
sound rationale syndrome, emotional disturbances, mental
retardation, or schizophrenia.
Observe cognitive abilities
p Orientation³ask client aware of self, others, place, time; unable to express where he or she is,time,and
name, hour, date,season, has address who others are; does not follow instruction.
where he or she lives now. Reduced level of orientation is seen in organic
brain disorders.
p Length of concentration listens to youand respond with full thoughts Fidgets; does not listens attentively to you;
expresses incomplete thoughts. |istraction and
And inability to focus are noted with anxiety,fa-
tigue, attention deficit disorders, and altered
states due to drug or alcohol intoxication.
p Vemory ²ask client ´what correctlyanswers question s about current Unable to recall to recall any recent events with
did you eat today?µ (recent) day·s activities; recall significant past events. |elirium, dementia, depression, and anxiety;
and ´when is your birthday?µ unable to recall past events with cerebral cortex
(past) disorders.
p Abstract reasoning³ask client explains proverb accurately Unable to give abstract meaning of proverb with
to explain a proverb, eg, ´ a stitch schizophrenia, mental retardation, delirium, or
in time saves nine.µ |ementia.
p Ability to make sound judgments answers to questions based on sound Answers to questions are not based on sound
ask client question such as ´why rationale. Rationale in organic brain syndrome, emotional
did you come to the hospital?µ or disturbances, mental retardation,or schizophrenia
´what did you do when you have
pain?µ
p Ability to identify similarities-- Identifies similarities Unable to identify similarity with schizophrenia,
ask client questions such as mental retardation, delirium, or dementia.
´how are birds and bees alike?µ
p Sensory perception and writes name, draws clock and/or |oes not write name or draw clock/figures accu-
coordination³ask client to simple figures. Rately with mental retardation, dementia, or
write name and draw the face parietal lobe dysfunction.
of a clock or copy simple figures
such as: circle, square, diamond, etc.