Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Objective Questions
1 The term food chain is used to describe the food relationship between organisms. At
the beginning of each food chain there is an organism that
A synthesises organic substances from inorganic substances
B obtains energy from the decomposition of inorganic substances
C eats plants
D eats decomposing matter
3 A farmer carries out an experiment to estimate the rat population in a farm. The
farmer captures 70 rats and marks the rats before releasing them. After a week, the
farmer catches 60 rats, of which 5 are marked. What is the estimated rat population in the
farm?
A 300 C 370
B 350 D 840
4 Vaccination for rubella is usually carried out for women only because
A the rubella virus can only attack women
B men have natural immunity towards rubella
C the rubella virus can cause the foetus to become handicap
D the rubella virus attacks the ovary and uterus
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7 The inhabitants in a certain area that are infected with cholera must be given
vaccinations. How does the vaccination provide protection for the inhabitants in the area?
A Increase the number of white blood cells in the body
B Prevent the pathogen from entering the body
C Disrupt the growth of pathogens in the body
D Cause the formation of antibodies in the body
8 Microorganisms that are found in the intestine of the termite and which help digest
cellulose is a type of
A bacteria
B fungi
C protozoa
D alga
9 The graph in Figure 1 shows the antibody level in the blood of a person after the first
and second vaccination shots.
Figure 1
Which of the following represents the first and second vaccination shots?
First vaccination shot Second vaccination shot
A P Q
B P R
C Q R
D R S
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11 The graph in Figure 2 shows the snake and rat population sizes in an oil palm
plantation.
Figure 2
Which of the following is not true about the graph?
A The rat population size is influenced by the snake population size
B The snake population size is influenced by the rat population size
C The population of snakes and rats are in a dynamic equilibrium
D The snakes and rats undergo an intense interspecies competition
12 The bacteria that live symbiotically in the root nodules of leguminous plants are
A Nitrosomonas
B Rhizobium
C Nitrobacter
D Nostoc
14 Figure 3 below shoes the method of obtaining energy and losing energy of a rabbit.
Which of the following shows the correct percentage of energy loss or gain?
Figure 3
A I and III only
B I, II and III only
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C I, II and IV only
D I, II, III and IV
15 How can a forest maintain balance in nature?
I By being a rainwater catchment area
II By channelling rainwater quickly
III By being a habitat to various types of flora and fauna
IV By increasing the rate of soil erosion
A I and III only
B II and III only
C II and IV only
D II, III and IV only
17 Which of the following plants is not involved in the colonisation and displacement
processes in the mangrove swamp area?
I Avicennia sp.
II Bruguiera sp.
III Sonneratia sp.
IV Rhizopus sp.
A IV only
B I, II and III only
C I, II and IV only
D I, II, III and IV
18 In the root nodule of the leguminous plant, the bacteria that fixes atmospheric
nitrogen to nitrate is
I Nitrosomonas
II E. Coli
III Nitrobacter
IV Rhizobium
A I, II and III only
B I, II and IV only
C III and IV only
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D IV only
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Structured Question
A group of Science Society members have carried a study about the effectiveness of a
biological control technique in a vegetable garden. They release some species of predator
insects T, to reduce the population of pest insects S, which damage the vegetables in the
garden. The population estimation of both types of insect is made using the capture-mark-
release and recapture technique. Early studies show that the population of pest insects S and
the population of predator insects T are as shown in Table 1.
Essay Question
(a) What is meant by the term pioneer?
(b) State four adaptation characteristics of a pioneer plant. Describe how each of the
characteristics that you mentioned can enable the plant to live in a barren land area.
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(c) By using starch agar, describe one experiment to show that the pioneer can change a
certain habitat.
Answers
Objective Questions
1 A 11 D
2 C 12 B
3 D 13 A
4 C 14 D
5 A 15 A
6 C 16 B
7 D 17 A
8 C 18 D
9 B 19 D
10 A 20 D
Structured Question
(d) 1 Predator T is specific for pest S, that is predator T does not damage vegetables
2 The population of predator T can be controlled naturally
Essay Question
(a) The first organism to colonise a barren area is usually plants.
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(c) Purpose: To show that the pioneer changes a habitat
Apparatus/Materials: Starch agar, algae culture, Petri dish, autoclave, inoculation coil,
sticking tape, iodine solution, Benedict solution, test tube, beaker, Bunsen burner, tripod
stand, wire mesh, matches
Procedure:
1 A Petri dish that contains starch agar is sterilised using the autoclave.
Then, the starch agar is left to cool down until it solidifies.
2 An inoculation coil is sterilised by heating it in the Bunsen burner flame
until it is in red embers and is left to cool near cold sterile air around the flame.
3 The inoculation coil is used to transfer a bit of algae culture by
scratching the surface of the starch agar.
4 The Petri dish cover is closed quickly and the sides are sealed with the
sticky tape.
5 The Petri dish is kept upside down in the dark in the closet for 2 days.
6 After 2 days, it is observed that the algae grow on the surface area of the
starch agar that has been scratched.
7 Some iodine solution is dripped on the surface of the starch agar and the
observation is recorded.
Result:
The area that does not have algae growth becomes dark blue. The area that has algae
growth remains yellow.
Conclusion:
The experiment shows that the starch in the agar has been used by the algae for their
growth process.