RESEARCH PROJECT

IMPACT OF INCREASD PUBLIC

AWARENESS ON THE USAGE OF
SOLAR PRODUCTS

PREPARED BY
Mr. SAMBIT MOHAPATRA
Mr. SUNIL DAS
Mr. SUSHIL SINGH
Mr. NARESHBHAI BHATT
SCHOOL OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, GURGAON

FOR USE BY “MINISTRY OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENRGY”

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY “DO NOT COPY”
 CONTENTS

1. Why Solar Study

2. Objective, Research question, Research Design and Hypothesis
3. Question 1 “ factors responsible for creating Public awareness”
4. Variables For Question 1
5. Detailed Analysis of Samples using SPSS tool.
6. Inference for Question 1
7. Question 2 “ factors responsible for increasing usage of solar
products”
8. Variables For Question 2
9. Detailed Analysis of Samples using SPSS tool.
10. Inference for Question 2
11. Impact of increased Public awareness on Sales of Solar Products
12. Conclusion
 WHY SOLAR STUDY
Energy is the prime mover of all the development process. With the advent of
globalization, development process is finally ignited. India is now the eleventh largest
economy in the world, fourth in terms of purchasing power. It is poised to make
tremendous economic strides over next ten years, with significant economic development
already in planning stage. This development is going to accelerate the demand of energy.
With rapid rise in the price of fossil fuels and the anticipated shortage, there is a need to
develop some sustainable resource. Renewable sources are perennial in nature and hence
can be relied upon for sustainable development. Fortunately, India is blessed with a
variety of Renewable Energy sources, the main ones being biomass, biogas, solar, wind,
and small hydro power. Municipal and industrial wastes can also be useful sources of
energy, but are basically different forms of biomass.

India has the distinction of being the only country in the world to have an exclusive
Ministry dealing with new and Renewable Energy sources. During the last two and a half
decades there had been a vigorous pursuit of activities relating to the research,
development, trial and induction of a variety of Renewable Energy technologies for use
in different sectors.

The Electricity Act 2003 contains several provisions to promote the accelerated
development of power generation from non- conventional sources. It provides that co-
generation and generation of electricity for renewable sources would be promoted by the
SERCs by providing suitable measures for connectivity with grid and sale of electricity to
any person and also by specifying, for purchase of electricity for such sources, a %age of
the total consumption of electricity in the area of a distribution licensee.

There has been a growing awareness of the benefits of Renewable Energy, mainly on
account of sustained public awareness generation campaigns. an outlay was provided
under the X plan to provide electrification to around 25,000 remote unelectrified villages
and hamlets by 2007. The government has set a target of installing 15% of the additional
power generation capacity in the country through grid-interactive renewable power by
2012. The present grid connected renewable energy based installed capacity is 17173.90
MW whereas off-grid installed capacity is 420.32 MWeq as on June 30, 2010.

NationalSolarMission
Under the National Plan of Climate Change, eight National Missions representing multi-
pronged long term and integrated strategy for achieving key goals in the context of
climate change have been proposed. National Solar Mission is one of them. The main
objective of the Mission is to establish India as a global leader in solar energy through:
• 20,000 MW of installed solar generation capacity by 2020 and 100,000 MW by
2030 or 10-12% of total power generation capacity estimated for that year
• Solar power cost reduction to achieve grid tariff parity by 2020
• Achieve parity with coal based thermal power generation by 2030
• 4-5 GW of installed solar manufacturing capacity by 2017.
Inspite of numerous campaigns the growth of solar power ( Photo voltaics and Heating )
has been minimal, as illustrated by the below statistics

New & Renewable Energy Annual achievement 2010-11 and Cumulative achievements as
on 30.06.2010

Sources / Achievements during 2010-11 (up Cumulative Achievements (up to

No.
Systems to 30.06.2010) 30.06.2010)

I. Power From Renewables

A. Grid-interactive renewable power

Solar Power 2.00MW 12.28 MW

B. Off-Grid/Distributed Renewable Power (including Captive/CHP Plants)

Solar PV Power Plants 0.0 MWp 2.92 MWp

II. Decentralized Energy Systems

1 Solar Lantern nos. 7,97,344 nos.

2 SPV Street Lighting System nos. 1,19,634 nos.

3 SPV Pumps nos. 7,334 nos.

4 Solar Water Heating – Collector Area 3.53 Mln. Sq.m.

Mweq. = Megawatt equivalent; MW = Megawatt; kW = kilowatt; kWp = kilowatt peak; sq. m. =

square meter

As taken from Min. of New and renewable Energy Website

That makes us to analyze whether Increasing public awareness actually contributes to the
Increased sales / usage of Solar products. This has formed the basis of our research study.
Objective: To find the impact of Public awareness on use of Solar Energy in India

Research Question: What is the impact of Public awareness on use of Solar

Energy

Null Hypothesis: Public awareness has no impact on use of Solar Energy

Alternate Hypothesis: Public awareness increases the use of Solar Energy

Question 1
What are the factors responsible for increasing public awareness on Solar Energy ?

Question 2
What factors contribute in increasing the usage of Solar Energy?

RESEARCH DESIGN :
Exploratory research design was used due to non availability of secondary data wrt
Public awareness on Renewable energy and factors contributing to sales / usage of
solar Products.
Question 1
What are the factors responsible for increasing public awareness on Solar Energy ?

1 Print & Electronic Media

2 Internet
3 Educating school & college students as a part of curriculum
4 Roadshows/Movies/Documentaries
5 Solar Product demonstration and display in localities
6 Competitions/quizzes on solar energy
7 Free distribution of the solar products to under privilaged
8 Using solar energy for all the street lights
9 Mandatory use of solar energy in industry for lighting & heating requirement
10 Use of solar energy at public places.
11 Hoardings/Banners displaying potential of solar energy
12 Organising seminar/Trade fair/Exhibitions on Sloar Energy
13 Short term programs/Vocational courses/Workshops for LIG & MIG people
14 Setting up NGO's and public bodies to educate people
15 National level action plan on creating public awareness
16 Creating employment opportunities by developing SS Enterprises in Solar sector
17 Foreign Collaborations to learn awareness enhancement techniques
 ANALYSIS OF QUESTION 1

STEPS FOLLOWED IN THE ANALYSIS

1. Having collected fifty seven samples for the question, the data was fed into SPSS.
2. The means of the samples for individual variables was observed.
3. Cut off of the means was taken to be 3 and non contributing variables were
removed and varimax rotation done.
4. From the rotated component matrix individual constructs with their variables were
noted and reliability testing was undertaken.
5. In the reliability testing constructs having ‘ALPHA’ value less than 0.6 were
removed and were not considered as contributing constructs.
6. The constructs were generated and named.
7. Correlation was checked between individual constructs.
8. Then all the constructs were taken to generate a super construct which would
resemble our research question “What are the factors responsible for increasing
public awareness on solar Energy”
9. Regression was done assuming the super construct as dependant variable and
constructs as independent variable to evaluate the contribution of each construct
in the super construct “factors responsible for increasing public awareness on
solar Energy”
 STEP 1 MEAN EVALUATION
Descriptive Statistics
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
V1.Print/Electronic Media 57 1 5 3.65 1.11
V2.Internet 57 1 5 3.21 1.29
V3.Educating school & college students as a part of 57 1 5 3.84 1.18
curriculum
V4.Roadshows/Movies/Documentaries 57 1 5 3.25 1.11
V5.Solar Product demonstration and display in 57 1 5 3.65 1.04
localities
V6.Competitions/quizzes on solar energy 57 1 5 2.70 .94
V7.Free distribution of the solar products to under 57 1 5 3.02 1.04
privilaged
V8.Using solar energy for all the street lights 57 1 5 3.68 .98
v9.Mandatory use of solar energy in industry for 57 2 5 3.75 .95
lighting & heating requirement
V10.Use of solar energy at public places. 57 1 5 3.89 1.01
V11.Hoardings/Banners displaying potential of solar 57 1 5 3.30 .94
energy
V12.Organising seminar/Trade fair/Exhibitions on 57 1 5 3.09 .91
Sloar Energy
V13.Short term programs/Vocational 57 1 5 2.98 .81
courses/Workshops for LIG & MIG people
V14.Setting up NGO's and public bodies to educate 57 1 5 3.07 1.00
people
V15.National level action plan on creating public 57 1 5 3.51 .97
awareness
V16.Creating employment opportunities by developing 57 1 5 3.30 .96
SS Enterprises in Solar sector
V17.Foreign Collaborations to learn awareness 57 1 5 2.81 .97
enhancement techniques
Valid N (listwise) 57

- From the above table variables V6,V13 & V17 were removed on account of lower
means.
 STEP 2 FACTOR ANALYSIS
- Subsequently factor analysis was done and rotated component matrix was
generated with ‘suppression of absolute values below 0.6’.
Rotated Component Matrix
Component
1 2 3 4 5
V8.Using solar energy for all the street lights .878
V10.Use of solar energy at public places. .875
v9.Mandatory use of solar energy in industry for lighting & heating .615
requirement
V7.Free distribution of the solar products to under privilaged
V5.Solar Product demonstration and display in localities .791
V4.Roadshows/Movies/Documentaries .730
V16.Creating employment opportunities by developing SS Enterprises in .624
Solar sector
V3.Educating school & college students as a part of curriculum .615
V1.Print/Electronic Media .794
V2.Internet .772
V15.National level action plan on creating public awareness .892
V14.Setting up NGO's and public bodies to educate people .847
V12.Organising seminar/Trade fair/Exhibitions on Sloar Energy .839
V11.Hoardings/Banners displaying potential of solar energy
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a Rotation converged in 13 iterations.
STEP 3
- Reliability testing was done for the four factors (or constructs ) generated above
and fifth factor being left, since it had a single variable.
STEP 4
- In this step only three constructs were taken
- V8,V10 & V9
- V3,V4,V5 & V16
- V15 & V14
- The construct containing variables V1 & V2 was left out due to lower reliability of
‘Alpha = 0552’.
- Aforementioned three constructs were generated and named as follows:
- V8,V10 & V9 : In Public notice
- V3,V4,V5 & V16 : Solar Education
- V15 & V14 : Policy Initiatives
- Then correlation was checked between individual factors using ‘Pearson
Correlation 2 tailed test’. It was observed that high correlation exists between FAC 1 (In
Public notice ) and Fac2 (Solar Education) as can be seen from the chart below.
Correlations
fac 1 reviewed fac2 reviewed fac 3 revised
fac 1 reviewed Pearson Correlation 1.000 .475** .198
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000 .139
N 57 57 57
fac2 reviewed Pearson Correlation .475** 1.000 .175
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 . .194
N 57 57 57
fac 3 revised Pearson Correlation .198 .175 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .139 .194 .
N 57 57 57
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

STEP 5 GENERATION OF SUPER FACTOR ‘ PUBLIC AWARENESS’

- Combining the three aforementioned factors a super factor was generated. The
objective being to observe the impact & contribution of three constructs on the
super construct by using regression tool as illustrated below:
Variables Entered/Removedb

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 Policy
Initiatives,
Solar
. Enter
Education,
In Public
a
notice
a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: PUBLICA

Model Summary

Adjusted Std. Error of

Model R R Square R Square the Estimate
1 1.000a 1.000 1.000 1.309E-08
a. Predictors: (Constant), Policy Initiatives, Solar
Education, In Public notice

ANOVAb

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 20.446 3 6.815 4.1E+16 .000a
Residual 9.080E-15 53 1.713E-16
Total 20.446 56
a. Predictors: (Constant), Policy Initiatives, Solar Education, In Public notice
b. Dependent Variable: PUBLICA
 Coefficientsa

Standardi
zed
Unstandardized Coefficien
Coefficients ts
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 2.426E-16 .000 .000 1.000
In Public notice .333 .000 .463 1.4E+08 .000
Solar Education .333 .000 .442 1.4E+08 .000
Policy Initiatives .333 .000 .483 1.7E+08 .000
a. Dependent Variable: PUBLICA

The equation thus formed

Public awareness = 0.463 X In Public Notice + 0.442 X solar Education. + 0.483 X

-8 -16
Policy Initiatives + 1.309x10 +2.426x10

INFERENCE

- Bringing solar products to public notice and Solar Education (i.e., factors for
creating public awareness) have a significant correlation.
- From the regression analysis, To find the contribution of individual factors to the
concept “Increasing Public Awareness” it has been established that almost all the
factors contribute significantly to the concept. However max contribution is done
Policy initiatives.
Question 2
What factors contribute in increasing the usage of Solar Energy?

1 Interest free loan to farmers for procuring solar equipments

2 giving subsidies to industries for solar energy implemention
3 A law, abiding industries to generate certain amount of renewable energy
4 Stricter norms for industries to regulate CO2 Emissions
5 No free power to farmers
6 Minimal Maintenance and repairs requirement for Solar Products(lighting and heating)
7 Ease of use for Solar Products
8 Negligible Risk in using Solar Products(Shocks / injury)
9 payback period for Solar Products is fast
10 The Solar Products and Solar energy will last for ever
11 Monetary benefits are possible under CDM scheme
12 You become an environmentally sensitive consumer of energy
13 Country's / state's energy policy
14 Reducing the costs of Solar products
15 By ensuring prompt availability of solar products
16 Townships/housing complexes are coming up in remote locations
17 political motivation
18 Pumping funds on R & D for improving solar product's efficiency
19 Facilitating technology trasnfer from Developed Nations
20 Training and skill upgradation of selected people to serve the Solar energy Market
21 Government giving wasteland to setup Solar plants
22 Conventional fuel consumtion will be reduced
23 Inflow of Foreign funds
24 Releif against increased power cuts
25 Conventional power is getting costlier day by day
26 Option to choose between grid/solar power (TOD metering Scheme)
27 Ability to sell power
 ANALYSIS OF QUESTION 2

STEPS FOLLOWED IN THE ANALYSIS

1. Having collected fifty seven samples for the question, the data was fed into SPSS.
2. The means of the samples for individual variables was observed.
3. Cut off of the means was taken to be 3 and non contributing variables were
removed and varimax rotation done.
4. From the rotated component matrix individual constructs with their variables were
noted and reliability testing was undertaken.
5. In the reliability testing constructs having ‘ALPHA’ value less than 0.6 were
removed and were not considered as contributing constructs.
6. The constructs were generated and named.
7. Correlation was checked between individual constructs.
8. Then all the constructs were taken to generate a super construct which would
resemble our research question “What are the factors responsible increasing the
usage of solar products”
9. Regression was done assuming the super construct as dependant variable and
constructs as independent variable to evaluate the contribution of each construct
in the super construct “factors responsible for increasing usage of solar Products”
 STEP 1 MEAN EVALUATION
Descriptive Statistics
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
V1.Interest free loan to farmers for procuring solar 57 1 5 3.53 1.14
equipments
V2.giving subsidies to industries for solar energy 57 1 5 3.54 1.18
implemention
V3.A law, abiding industries to generate certain amount of 57 2 5 3.95 .72
renewable energy
V4.Stricter norms for industries to regulate CO2 57 1 5 3.53 .97
Emissions
V5.No free power to farmers 57 1 5 2.98 1.26
V6.Minimal Maintenance and repairs requirement for 57 1 5 3.18 1.05
Solar Products(lighting and heating)
V7.Ease of use for Solar Products 57 1 5 3.42 1.07
V8.Negligible Risk in using Solar Products(Shocks / 57 1 5 3.60 1.19
injury)
V9.payback period for Solar Products is fast 57 1 5 3.56 1.10
V10.The Solar Products and Solar energy will last for ever 57 1 5 3.40 1.12
V11.Monetary benefits are possible under CDM scheme 57 1 5 3.39 .94
V12.You become an environmentally sensitive consumer 57 1 5 3.16 1.07
of energy
V13.Country's / state's energy policy 57 1 5 3.67 1.06
V14.Reducing the costs of Solar products 57 2 5 4.02 .86
V15.By ensuring prompt availability of solar products 57 1 5 3.61 1.06
V16.Townships/housing complexes are coming up in 57 1 5 3.25 1.02
remote locations
V17.political motivation 57 1 5 3.04 1.13
V18.Pumping funds on R & D for improving solar 57 1 5 3.46 1.07
product's efficiency
V19.Facilitating technology trasnfer from Developed 57 1 5 3.33 .99
Nations
V20.Training and skill upgradation of selected people to 57 1 5 3.51 .95
serve the Solar energy Market
V21.Government giving wasteland to setup Solar plants 57 1 5 3.51 .98
V22.Conventional fuel consumtion will be reduced 57 1 5 3.37 1.17
V23.Inflow of Foreign funds 57 1 5 3.09 1.07
V24.Releif against increased power cuts 57 1 5 3.51 1.04
V25.Conventional power is getting costlier day by day 57 2 5 3.65 .83
V26.Option to choose between grid/solar power (TOD 57 2 5 3.47 .97
metering Scheme)
V27Ability to sell power 57 1 5 3.46 1.25
Valid N (listwise) 57

- From the above table variables V5 were removed on account of lower means.

STEP 2 FACTOR ANALYSIS

- Subsequently factor analysis was done and rotated component matrix was
generated with ‘suppression of absolute values below 0.6’.
 Rotated Component Matrix
Component
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
V2.giving subsidies to industries for solar energy .754
implemention
V1.Interest free loan to farmers for procuring solar .753
equipments
V26.Option to choose between grid/solar power (TOD
metering Scheme)
V13.Country's / state's energy policy
V27Ability to sell power
V11.Monetary benefits are possible under CDM scheme .840
V10.The Solar Products and Solar energy will last for ever .756
V19.Facilitating technology trasnfer from Developed Nations
V24.Releif against increased power cuts .767
V20.Training and skill upgradation of selected people to .757
serve the Solar energy Market
V16.Townships/housing complexes are coming up in .675
remote locations
V18.Pumping funds on R & D for improving solar product's .763
efficiency
V14.Reducing the costs of Solar products .608
V17.political motivation
V25.Conventional power is getting costlier day by day
V3.A law, abiding industries to generate certain amount of .862
renewable energy
V21.Government giving wasteland to setup Solar plants
V4.Stricter norms for industries to regulate CO2 Emissions
V15.By ensuring prompt availability of solar products -.844
V12.You become an environmentally sensitive consumer of .748
energy
V6.Minimal Maintenance and repairs requirement for Solar .841
Products(lighting and heating)
V7.Ease of use for Solar Products .752
V23.Inflow of Foreign funds .793
V22.Conventional fuel consumtion will be reduced
V9.payback period for Solar Products is fast .864
V8.Negligible Risk in using Solar Products(Shocks / injury) .610
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a Rotation converged in 18 iterations.
It can be observed from the above table the 6th construct had a negative loading, this
loading was transformed into a positive value using SPSS.
STEP 3
- Reliability testing was done for 7 factors (or constructs ) generated above and 5th ,
8th factor being left out, since they had a single variables.
STEP 4
- In this step only 5 constructs which proved out to be reliable (i.e., with ALPHA
value > 0.6 ) were taken
 - V2,V1
- V11,V10
- V24 ,V20 & V16
-V7, V6
- V12, V15
- The constructs containing variables
- V18 & V14
- V9,V8
was left out due to lower reliability of ‘Alpha’.
- Aforementioned five constructs were generated and named as follows:
- V2,V1 – Solar Incentive
- V11,V10 – Solar Economies
- V24 ,V20 & V16 – Solar Availability & Reliability
- V7, V6 - Ease in opern and maint.
- V12, V15 – Solar Product versatility

- Then correlation was checked between individual factors using ‘Pearson

Correlation 2 tailed test’. It was observed that correlation exists between Solar
availability & Reliability and solar Econmies as can be seen from the chart below.
Correlations
Solar Solar Solar Ease in Solar
Incentives Economies Availability oper and Product
& manit versatiltiy
Releiabilty
Solar Incentives Pearson Correlation 1.000 .102 .044 .204 .251
Sig. (2-tailed) . .450 .745 .128 .059
N 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Economies Pearson Correlation .102 1.000 .362** .118 -.024
Sig. (2-tailed) .450 . .006 .381 .861
N 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Availability& Pearson Correlation .044 .362** 1.000 -.080 -.065
Releiabilty
Sig. (2-tailed) .745 .006 . .553 .633
N 57 57 57 57 57
Ease in oper and Pearson Correlation .204 .118 -.080 1.000 -.142
manit
Sig. (2-tailed) .128 .381 .553 . .290
N 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Product Pearson Correlation .251 -.024 -.065 -.142 1.000
versatiltiy
Sig. (2-tailed) .059 .861 .633 .290 .
N 57 57 57 57 57
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

STEP 5 GENERATION OF SUPER FACTOR ‘Increasing usage of solar products’

 - Combining the three aforementioned factors a super factor was generated. The
objective being to observe the impact & contribution of three constructs on the
super construct by using regression tool as illustrated below:
Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Std. Error
Square of the
Estimate
1 1.000 1.000 1.000 .0000
a Predictors: (Constant), Solar Products Versatility, Solar Economies, Solar Sector R & D, Solar
Incentive, Solar Availability & Reliabilty

ANOVA
Model Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
1 Regressio 12.389 5 2.478 . .
n
Residual .000 51 .000
Total 12.389 56
a Predictors: (Constant), Solar Products Versatility, Solar Economies, Solar Sector R & D, Solar
Incentive, Solar Availability & Reliabilty
b Dependent Variable: Increased Usage of Solar Products
Coefficients
Unstandardized Standardized t Sig.
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) -9.790E-16 .000 . .
Solar Incentive .200 .000 .429 . .
Solar Economies .200 .000 .385 . .
Solar Availability & .200 .000 .340 . .
Reliabilty
Ease in opern and .200 .000 .393 . .
maint
Solar Products .200 .000 .396 . .
Versatility
a Dependent Variable: Increased Usage of Solar Products

The equation thus formed

Increased Usage of Solar Products= 0.429 X Solar Incentive + 0.385 X solar Economies. +
0.340 X Soalr Availability and reliability + 0.393 X Ease in operation and + 0.396 X
-16
Solar product Versatility -9.790x10

INFERENCE

- No Significant correlation was established between any of the five factors for the
Concept “Increased usage of Solar products”.
 - From the regression analysis, To find the contribution of individual factors to the
concept “Increased usage of Solar products” it has been established that almost all
the factors contribute significantly to the concept. However max contribution is
done Solar Incentive.

Impact of increased Public awareness on Sales/ usage of Solar Products

The Three factors from concept “Increasing Public awareness” are

- In public notice
- Solar Education
- Policy Initiatives
These factors will serve as the independent factors for our regression analysis to help us
in establishing their contribution to “Increased usage of solar Products”

The Five factors from concept “Increased usage of solar Products”

- Solar Incentive
– Solar Economies
– Solar Availability & Reliability
- Ease in opern and maint.
– Solar Product versatility
Each of the above factor will be treated as a dependant variable for the regression
analysis which is as follows:
Regression

Variables Entered/Removedb

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 policy
Initiatives,
Solar
. Enter
Education,
In public
a
notice
a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: Solar Incentives

Model Summary

Adjusted Std. Error of

Model R R Square R Square the Estimate
1 .249a .062 .009 1.0036
a. Predictors: (Constant), policy Initiatives, Solar
Education, In public notice
 ANOVAb

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 3.542 3 1.181 1.172 .329a
Residual 53.388 53 1.007
Total 56.930 56
a. Predictors: (Constant), policy Initiatives, Solar Education, In public notice
b. Dependent Variable: Solar Incentives

Coefficientsa

Standardi
zed
Unstandardized Coefficien
Coefficients ts
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 2.460 .794 3.100 .003
In public notice 6.119E-02 .183 .051 .334 .740
Solar Education .285 .191 .226 1.489 .143
policy Initiatives -4.73E-02 .157 -.041 -.301 .764
a. Dependent Variable: Solar Incentives

- Above regression analysis was carried out with all the three independent variables
and Solar Incentives as the dependant variable. It is observed that no significant
contribution is done by the independent variables as illustrated by “ significance =
0.329” which should be < 0.05 for 95 % confidence interval.
- Similarly for the other Dependant factors regression analysis was carried out
trying to find the independent factors contribution to each. But significance level
for all the dependant factors was greater than 0.05.
Correlations
In public Solar policy Solar Solar Solar Ease in Solar
notice Education Initiatives Incentives Economies Availability oper and Product
& manit versatiltiy
Releiabilty
In public Pearson 1.000 .475** .198 .150 .082 .065 .175 .025
notice Correlation
Sig. (2- . .000 .139 .265 .543 .631 .193 .851
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Pearson .475** 1.000 .175 .243 .109 .066 .117 .081
Education Correlation
Sig. (2- .000 . .194 .069 .419 .625 .386 .551
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
policy Pearson .198 .175 1.000 .009 -.006 -.003 -.108 .028
Initiatives Correlation
Sig. (2- .139 .194 . .950 .965 .983 .422 .838
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Pearson .150 .243 .009 1.000 .102 .044 .204 .251
Incentives Correlation
Sig. (2- .265 .069 .950 . .450 .745 .128 .059
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Pearson .082 .109 -.006 .102 1.000 .362** .118 -.024
Economies Correlation
Sig. (2- .543 .419 .965 .450 . .006 .381 .861
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Pearson .065 .066 -.003 .044 .362** 1.000 -.080 -.065
Availability Correlation
&
Releiabilty
Sig. (2- .631 .625 .983 .745 .006 . .553 .633
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Ease in Pearson .175 .117 -.108 .204 .118 -.080 1.000 -.142
oper and Correlation
manit
Sig. (2- .193 .386 .422 .128 .381 .553 . .290
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
Solar Pearson .025 .081 .028 .251 -.024 -.065 -.142 1.000
Product Correlation
versatiltiy
Sig. (2- .851 .551 .838 .059 .861 .633 .290 .
tailed)
N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
 CONCLUSION
 The null hypothesis was proved. We were not able to establish a correlation
between “increased public awareness” and “Increased usage of Solar Products”

 It can also be inferred that creating / increasing public awareness will not bring
about an increased usage for solar products. Other factors would play a dominant
role as Incentives, Policy changes, Environmental norms etc.

 We were able to evaluate the contributions made by individual factors to

“increased public awareness” and “Increased usage of Solar Products”
.
 Prominent Factors contributing to public awareness- Policy initiatives.

 Prominent Factors contributing to increased usage – Solar Incentive.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF “SAMBIT MOHAPATRA”

DO NOT REPRODUCE OR COPY.