ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING
Before Hospitalization During Hospitalization
Nutrition • The patient usually eats fried
foods like chicken, fries, and fish.
Her parents sometimes prepare
stew dishes for her. She also
drinks milk, yakult, and ovalteen.
The patient has a big appetite
and no eating discomfort.
• Her father said that they usually
provide food for their child
everytime she asks for it. The
parents are fond of her big
appetite.
Elimination • The patient usually defecates
once a date with no definite time
noted. There is no pain during
defecation.
• Patient urinates clear to light
yellow without pain also.
Exercise • The parents do not limit the
patient with her playing time at
home. She is always seen
playing computer games.
• Moreover, she plays with her
siblings and cousins. Usual
games were tag and run games,
Interpretation and Analysis
• There are minimal changes in
appetite. The patient still eats her
favorite foods such as fried
chicken, fast food, nuggets and
the like. All of which are prepared
thru frying.
• Doctors instructed to increase
fluid intake of the patient. Parents
and the patient are both
complying with the order.
• There is a significant change in
her defecation pattern as the
patient experienced liquid stools
after intake of antibiotics.
However, during assessment no
changes in the pattern were
observed.
• There is also a decrease in
frequency of urination. She
urinates once a day during
hospitalization. They increased
her fluid intake because of this
reason.
• The patient requested a laptop to
be brought in the hospital since
she cannot play and be active like
before.
• During assessment, she was
seen drawing with her pen and
paper.
Others prefer to eat the same foods
repeatedly. People can usually control
their health behaviors and can choose
healthy or unhealthy
activities.Fundamentals of Nursing by
Kozier page 1238 & 300
Although some may overeat when
stressed or depressed, others
experience decrease appetite, eat little
amount of food Kozier, Fundamentals of
Nursing, 7th edition,p1242
Normal feces is characterize to be
formed/ semi-solid/ soft, having a brown
color, aromatic smell, cylindrical shape
and absence of blood and other foreign
organisms Kozier, Fundamentals of
Nursing, 8th edition, p,1329
People can usually control their health
behaviors and can choose healthy or
unhealthy activities. Fundamentals of
Nursing by Kozier p 300
Limitations to movement may be
medically prescribed for some health
problems. Clients who are short of breath
may be advised not to walk upstairs. Bed
rest may be advised for certain clients,
for example, to reduce metabolic and
oxygen needs. Fundamentals of Nursing
by Kozier p 1117
Individuals who have inactive lifestyle or
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Hygiene • The patient practices good
hygiene as instructed by her
parents. She takes a bath once a
day and washes her hand every
after play.
• She wears slippers all the time
and her mother makes sure her
nails are trimmed.
• The patient brushes her teeth at
least twice a day, after breakfast
and before sleep.
• After every play at home, her
father said that patient has mild
odor. No bad breath noted.
• Much of her time in the hospital
was devoted in family interaction.
• In the hospital, she hasn’t bathed
since admission until
assessment. She brushes her
teeth once a day unlike before.
who are faced with inactivity because of
illness or injury are at risk for many
problems that can affect major body
system. Whether immobility causes any
problem often depends on the duration of
the inactivity, the client’s health status,
and client’s sensory awareness Kozier,
Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th edition, p
1117
Factors influencing individual hygienic
practices include: Health and energy
wherein, Ill people may not have the
motivation or energy to attend to hygiene
and Personal Preferences where some
people have different preferences
regarding the time of bathing.
Fundamentals of Nursing by Kozier page
742
Bathing removes accumulated oil,
perspiration, dead skin cells and some
bacteria. In addition, to cleaning the skin,
bathing also stimulates circulation,
produces sense of well being, and
provides refreshing and stimulating
effect. Good oral hygiene includes daily
stimulation of the gums, mechanical
brushing and flossing of teeth and
flushing of the mouth. Measures to
prevent tooth decay involves brushing
the teeth thoroughly after meals and at
bedtime; flossing teeth daily; have dental
check-up every six months. Using
slippers while walking is necessary to
keep our feet clean. Avoid walking
barefooted, because injury and infection
may result. Using footwear can be
affected by cultural variations, by beliefs
and usual practices. Hair needs to be
brushed or combed daily and washed
with shampoo, as needed, to keep it
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Substance • The patient does not drink
Use or smoke. She wasn’t introduced
into those kinds of substances.
• She takes vitamins like
Ceelin (Vitamin C) as
maintenance everyday. Her
mother mentioned Meptin also.
Sleep and • Patient usually sleeps 11
Rest hours over a day including her
naps. She sleeps together with
her sister and parents at times.
No problems in sleeping were
noted before.
• Patient asks parents to
scratch her back because it helps
her to sleep.
Sexual • NO SEXUAL ACTIVITY
Activity
• She is currently taking
paracetamol for pain, and allerin
syrup as antihistamine for her
allergies/rashes.
• During first night, patient
found it difficult to sleep because
of abdominal pain and visits from
doctors and nurses.
• However, mother added
that patient has already adjusted
in the situation and can now
regain naps throughout the day.
• Parents still scratch
patient’s back for comfort.
• NO SEXUAL ACTIVITY
clean. Foul body odor , oily hair , soiled
finger and toenails and dirty clothing is
indicative poor personal hygiene or
underlying health or cognitive problems
soiled finger and toenails and requires
prompt intervention Kozier,
Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th edition, p.
567, 748,767, 774-776.
Substance abuse is a major threat to the
health of young adults. Alcohol,
marijuana, amphetamine and cocaine for
example, can bring about feelings of
well-being that may be highly valued by
people with adjustment problems.
Prolonged used can lead to physical and
psychological dependency and
subsequent health problems. Kozier,
Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th edition, p.
396
Environment can promote or hinder
sleep. Any change for example- noise in
the environment- can inhibit sleep.
Absence of usual stimuli or presence of
unfamiliar stimuli can prevent people
from sleeping. Hospital environments can
be quite noisy, and special care needs to
be taken to reduce noise in the hallways.
Discomfort from environmental
temperature (e.g. too low or too cold) and
lack of ventilation can affect sleep.
Kozier, Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th
edition, p. 1164,1167-1168,1170
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