مارك 6

OPERATION TRAINING BOOK
SAUDI ELECTRICITY COMPANY
ARAR POWER PLANT

SAUDIA ARABIA
MS7001EA Gas Turbine
FRAME (7) - MARK (IV)
By: Engr. Rushdi A. Taman
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

TABLE OF CONTENETS
OPERATION TRAINING BOOK
ITEM PAGE
ITEM NAME
# #
01 - GAS TURBINE UNIT. 3-6
02 - OPERATION CHECK LIST. 7
03 - CHECK PRIOR TO OPERATION. 8
04 - CHECK DURING START-UP. 9 - 11
05 - UNIT START-UP PROCEDURES. 12 - 18
06 - UNIT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES. 19 - 21
07 - UNIT AUXILIARY COMPARTMENTS. 22 - 25
08 - UNIT ANNUNCIATORS. 26 - 33
09 - DEVICES SETTING. 34 - 44
10 - STARTING SYSTEM. 45 - 50
11 - LUBRICATION SYSTEM. 51 - 59
12 - HYDRAULIC SYSTEM. 60 - 64
13 - TRIP OIL SYSTEM. 65 - 68

14 - LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM. 69 - 78
15 - ATOMIZING AIR SYSTEM. 79 - 82
16 - COOLING AND SEALING SYSTEM. 83 - 88
17 - COOLING WATER SYSTEM. 89 - 96

2

1. GAS TURBINE UNIT.
The package power plant, as furnished for this
installation, is comprised of the single-shaft, heavy
duty gas turbine unit driving a synchronous
generator, its auxiliary equipment, required control
equipment and those off base auxiliaries that are
essential to overall operation.
Basically, the power plant requires only fuel and fuel

connections, generator breaker connections and a
source of ac power to become operational fuel and
air are used by the gas turbine unit to produce the
shaft horsepower necessary to drive certain
accessories and ultimately the driven load
generator.
The turbine unit is composed of an axial-flow

compressor, a multi-stage turbine, support systems
combustion system components, and a starting
device.
Both compressor and turbine are directly connected as

an in-line, single-shaft rotor supported by pressure
lubricated bearings.
The inlet end of the rotor shaft is coupled to an

accessory gear having integral shafts that normally
drives the main hydraulic pump, main lubrication
pump, and may drive other system pumps as
required for a given installation.

The design of any gas turbine must meet essential based
on operational considerations:
1. High efficiency.
2. High reliability and thus high availability.
3. Ease of installation and commission.
4. Ease service.
5. Conformance with environmental standards.
6. Incorporation of auxiliary and control systems,
which have high degree of reliability.
7. Flexibility to meet various service and fuel needs.
GAS TURBINE CYCLE

The Brayton cycle in its ideal consists of two isobaric
processes and two isentropic processes.
The two isobaric processes consist of the combustor

system of the gas turbine and the exhaust hot gases.
The two isentropic processes represent the compression

(compressor) and expansion (turbine) processes in
the gas turbine.

The MS7001 is a single-shaft gas turbine designed for
operation as a simple-cycle unit or in a combined
steam and gas turbine cycle.
The MS7001 gas turbine assembly contains six major

sections or groups:
(1) Air inlet (2) Compressor (3) Combustion system

(4) Turbine (5) Exhaust (6) Support systems
This section briefly describes how the gas turbine

operates and the interrelationship of the major
components.
Typical illustrations and photographs accompany the

text.
The flange-to-flange description of the gas turbine is

also covered in some detail.
A separate section is devoted to the air inlet and

exhaust systems.
Support systems pertaining to lube oil, cooling water,

etc. are also covered in detail in individual sections.

2. OPERATION CHECK LIST.
A.STANDBY POWER REQUIREMENTS:
1. Heating and circulating of turbine lube oil at low

ambient temperatures to maintain proper oil
viscosity.
2. Control panel heating.
3. Generator heating.
4. Auxiliary lube oil pump should be run at periodic

Intervals to prevent rust formation in the lube oil
system.
5. Where fuel heaters are furnished, heat and circulate

fuel oil to maintain proper fuel oil viscosity during
periods of low ambient temperature.
6. Compartment heating.
7. Operation of control compartment air conditioner

during periods of high ambient temperature to
maintain electrical equipment insulation within
design temperature limits.
8. Battery charging (where applicable).

3. CHECK PRIOR TO OPERATION.
• Check that all piping and turbine connections are

securely fastened.
• Close work permit.
• Check lube oil, Fuel and cooling water level.
• Ratchet system ON.
• Turbine and generator lube oil mist eliminator on

service
• Temperature, Pressure, Vibration indicators, etc

must be all in good condition.
• Must be no indication alarms and trips.
• Unit must be cleaned before start-up.
• Turbine compartment must be in good condition.
• Accessory compartment must be in good condition as

well
• Know operation data limit for alarm and trip.

4. CHECK DURING START-UP.
The following is a list of important checks to be made
on the turbine with the OPERATION SELECTOR in
various modes the control specifications control
systems adjustment should be reviewed prior to
operating the turbine.
1- Crank
A- Listen for rubbing noises in the turbine compartment

Shutdown and investigate if unusual noise occurs.
B- Check for unusual vibration.
C- Inspect for water system leakage.
2- Fire
A- Bleed fuel oil filters, if appropriate then check entire

fuel system and the area immediately around the
fuel nozzle for leaks In particular check for leaks at
the following points:
Turbine Compartment
(1) Fuel piping/tubing to fuel nozzle.

(2) Fuel checks valves.
(3) Atomizing air manifold and associated piping.

Accessory Compartment Fuel and water module
(1) Flow divider.

(2) Fuel and water pumps.
(3) Filter covers and drains.
(4) Cooling water heat exchangers.
B- Monitor FLAME status on the HMI to verify all flame

detectors are correctly indicating flame.
C- Monitor the turbine control system readings on the

HMI for unusual exhaust thermocouple temperature,
wheel space temperature, lube oil drain
temperature, highest to lowest exhaust temperature
spreads and “hot spots” i.e. combustion chamber
burning hotter than all the others.
D- Listen for unusual noises and rubbing.
E- Monitor for excessive vibration.
3-Automatic, Remote
Record all data and notes for future comparison and
investigation.
A- Continue monitoring for unusual rubbing noises and

shutdown immediately if noise persists.
10

B- Monitor lube oil tank, header and bearing drain
temperatures continually during the heating
Summary Sheets for temperature guidelines. Adjust
(VTR1, 2) if required
C- At this time a thorough vibration check is

recommended, using vibration test equipment It is
suggested that horizontal, vertical and axial data be
recorded for the:
(1) Accessory gear forward and aft sides.

(2) All accessible bearing covers on the turbine.
(3) Turbine forward compressor casing.
(4) Turbine support legs.
(5) Bearing covers on the generator.
D- Monitor HMI display data for proper operation.
E- After the unit is FSNL and the generator synchronize

check the generator reading.
F- Record all data in operation log sheet and compare

with guide or recommended data.
11

5. UNIT START-UP PROCEDURES.
1. Using the cursor positioning device, select (MAIN)
display.
2. Make rest for diagnostic and press OK.
3. Make rest for master and press OK.
4. GO to start check display and must be all indications

are in green collar.
5. GO to trip diagram display and must be all

indications are in green collar.
6. The main display well indicates speed temperature,

varions condition.
7. Select (AUTO) and press OK.
8. The (HMI) display well change to:

• Start-up status.
• Ready to start.
• Auto.
• Speed level (14 HR).
9. Select start and OK.
10. during start signal and ok:

• Starting motor (88CR) should be run.
• Emergency lube oil pump (88QE) should start for
testing and stop immediately.
12

11. After five (5) seconds of start signal the main unit
clutch will engage and ratchet system off after
getting few rotation of the shaft.
12. at 1.5 % speed after start signal:

a) Cooling water pump motor (88WC) Load.
b) Compartment cooling air Fan (88VG).
c) Atomizing air booster (88AB).
d) Auxiliary hydraulic supply pumps (88HQ).
e) All these equipments are running.
13. The (HMI) display will change to Start-up

status\cranking.
14. When the unit reaches approximately 10 % speed

purging start
15. At 20 % speed, the minimum speed signal (14 HM)

will be displayed on the (HMI).
16. After purging (23 % - 24 %) speed the main unit

Clutch disengage and starting motor still running
17. The unit speed de-accelerates up to 9.5 % speed.
18. At 9.5 % speed main unit clutch re-engage.
19. at 10 % speed fuel stop valve (LSV) and fuel control

valve (LCV) opened and fuel reached to the
combustion chamber.
13

20. At approximately 10 % speed flame established and
cooling water fans start one by one with a gap
time of fifteen (15) seconds and turbine
compartment cooling air fan (88BT) well start.
21. After flame established exhaust temperature

Increase.
22. At 50 % speed exhaust temperature around 5400C

and acceleration speed signal “14HA” will be
displayed on the (HMI).
23. At 60 % speed exhaust temperature around 5180C

and main unit clutch disengage and starting motor
still running.
24. After five (5) minutes from main unit clutch

disengagement starting motor stop.
25. Unit acceleration increase.
26. At about (82 % - 85%) speed the 1GV will be start

opening depending on the ambient temp.
27. At about (89 % - 92%) speeds IGV will be come fully

opened & exhaust temperature decrease
28. at 95 % speed:
• Aux hydraulic pump motor (88HQ) stops.
• Atomising air booster (Q88HQ) stop.
• Aux. Lube oil pump motor (88QA) stop.
14

• Turbine exhaust frame cooling air fan (88TK1)
starts and with a five (5) seconds time delay
(88TK2) starts.
29. At 97% speed exhaust temperature around 2720C.
30. at (98 % - 100 %) speed excitation “ON”.
31. At 100 % speed the auxiliaries listed below must be

stopped:
• Auxiliary hydraulic pump motor (88HQ).
• Atomising air booster (88AB) and
• Auxiliary lube oil pump motor (88HQ) the (HMI).
Will be change to full speed no load (FSNL) and
the unit ready to synchronize.
32. at 100 % speed if any one of these auxiliaries listed

below:
• Auxiliary hydraulic pump motor (88HQ).
• Atomising air booster (88AB).
• Auxiliary lube oil pump motor (88QA)
Is not stopped automatically the HMI display will
be shown acceleration and droop, shown
alternately on the screen.
33. The problem should be corrected to that the (HMI)

display would be change to full speed no load
(FSNL).
34. After full speed no load (FSNL), the unit ready to

synchronize.
35. From main menu (HMI) select synchronize display.

15

36. Go to synchronize control and select auto
synchronize and press OK.
37. Select generator synchronizer start and press OK.
38. The generator synchronizer starts rotating and

correct automatically its frequency and voltage
until the generator will be the same voltage and
frequency with the bus bar.
39. The generator circuit breaker (52G) will be closed

automatically.
40. IF the generator synchronizer fails to synchronize

can you make synchronizer reset and tray again to
synchronize Can be make manual synchronize if
need.
41. After generator circuit breaker closed the (HMI)

Display change to synchronizer off and compressor
Bleed value close.
42. Now, can be controlled the MW and MVAR as

depending on the customer demand.
42. The unit is protected under the safety condition.
43. Record all data in operation log sheet and compare

with guide or recommended data.
16

17

18

6. UNIT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES.
1. Unit shutdown requested by order from main
control supervisor due to customer demand load
decrease or planning maintenance work or forced
shutdown due to any problem.
2. Before unit shutdown must be check the unit and

record all notes and data.
3. Using the cursor positioning device, select (MAIN)

display.
4. Select (STOP) and press (OK).
5. The load (MW, Mvar) automatically decrease up to

generator circuit breaker (52G) open by reverse
power protection at -1.5 MW.
6. After generator circuit breaker (52G) open the

turbine speed de- accelerates up to (ZERO) speed
and ratchet system on.
. During unit shutdown :
The following are the list of important checks to be

made on the turbine with the:
a. At generator circuit breaker (52G) open compressor

bleed valves (CB1O, 2O) open.
b. At 97 % speed exciter circuit breaker (52S) open.
19

c. At 95 % speed inlet guide vanes (IGV) closed.
d. At 94 % speed turbine exhaust frame cooling air fan

(88TK1, 2) stop.
e. At lube oil Header pressure less than 70 psig

auxiliary lube oil pump (88QA) ON.
f. At lube oil header pressure less than 9 PSI

emergency lube oil pump (88QE) ON.
g. At lube oil header temperature less than 50.50C

(1230F) cooling water Fans (88FC) OFF.
h. At turbine compartment temperature less than 460C

(1150F) turbine compartment cooling air fan
(88BT) OFF.
j. At lube oil header temperature less than 430C

(1100F) cooling water pump motor (88WC) OFF.
k. At load compartment temperature less than 390C

(1030F) load compartment cooling air fan (88VG)
OFF.
● When the unit on cool down:

The following are the list of important checks:
• At lube oil header pressure less than 9 PSI

emergency lube oil pump (88QE) ON 16min and
off 3 min up to (88QA) restart.
20

• When (88QA) not running and bearing metal
temperature more than 65.50C (1500F)
emergency lube oil pump (88QE) 16min ON and
3 min OFF up to (88QA) ON.
• When lube Oil header temp. More than (48.80C)
(1200F) cooling water pump motor (88WC) start up
to lube oil header temperature less than 430C
(1100F) (88WC) stop again.
● When the unit off cool down:

The following are the list of important checks to be
made on the turbine with the:
• Auxiliary lube oil pump (88QA) OFF.
• Emergency lube oil pump (88QE) OFF.
• Turbine and generator lube oil mist eliminator

OFF.
• Ratchet system OFF.
Must be the unit & auxiliaryis
ready to start before re-start.
21

7. UNIT AUXILIARY COMPARTMENT.
No.
Auxiliary name Of Start Stop
Aux
- Engagement after
- Disengagement
five (5) seconds of
After purging.
- Main unit clutch 1 signal start.
- Disengagement
- Engagement at 9.5%
at 60% speed
speed
- Five (5) minutes

- Five (5) seconds after main unit
- Starting motor 1
after start signal clutch
disengaged
- At flame, fans start

one by one With a
gap time of fifteen - Lube oil header
- Cooling water fan (15) Seconds. temperature
8
(88 FC). - Lube oil header less than
temperature More 50.50C (1230F)
than 54.50C
(1300F)
- Ratchet system
“ON” - At 95% speed.
- Auxiliary lube Oil - When unit running - Ratchet system
1
pump (88QA). the lube oil “OFF”
Header press.
Less than 70 PSI.
22

No.
Aux
- With start signal
for testing.
- When unit is
shutting down -When unit
lube & oil shutdown lube
bearing header oil header
pres. less than pressure more
9 PSI. than 9 PSI.
- Emergency lube Oil - When unit is in - When unit is in
1
pumps (88QE). zero speed zero speed,
(Cool down) bearing metal
88QA not temperature
running & less than 65.50C
bearing metal (1500F)
temperature
more than
65.50C (1500F)
- At turbine
- Turbine compartment
compartment temperature
2 - At flame
cooling air fan less than 460C
(88 BT). (1150F)
- At load
compartment
- Load compartment - At 1.5% speed temperature
cooling air fan 2 after signal less
(88VG). start than 390C
(1030F).
- Turbine exhaust - At 95% speed - At 94% speed

frame cooling air 2 when unit when unit stop.
fan (88TK). start-up.
23

No.
Aux
- Accessory
- Accessory
- Accessory compartment
compartment
compartment temperature
1 temperature
space heaters less Than
more than 460C
(23HA). 37.80C or
or 1150F.
1000F.
- Ratchet system
- Generator Lube oil - Ratchet system
1 “ON”
mist eliminator. “OFF”
- Unit running.
- Ratchet system
- Turbine Lube oil - Ratchet system
1 “ON”
mist eliminator. “OFF”
- Unit running.
- After generator - After generator

- Compressor bleed
2 circuit breaker circuit breaker
Valves (CB10, 20).
close. open.
- Torque adjuster
- Clutch engages. - After purging.
drive motor 1
After warm-up. - After 60% speed.
(88TM).
- At 95% speed
- Atomising air
1 - Start signal. when the unit
booster (88AB).
start.
- Turbine - Turbine
compartment compartment
- Heating air fan
1 temperature temperature
(88HT). 0
less than 100 F more than
0
or 37.8 C 88BT 1150F or 460C
is not running.
24

No.
Aux
- At air inlet filter - At air inlet filter ∆P

- Dust collector
1 ∆P more than less than 2.5 IN
system blower
IN 2.5 H2O H2O
Motor (88IC).
- Inlet guide vanes. 1 - At (82 % -85 %) - At (82 % -85 %)

group speed speed
25

8. UNIT ANNUNCIATORS.
ANNUNCIATOR ALARM TRIP
- Cooling water
module discharge 57.20C or 1350F -
temperature high.
- Cooling water
module discharge 50C or 410F -
temperature low.
- Turbine control
panel temperature 43.30C or 1100F -
high.
- Compressor
discharge
100C or 500F -
temperature
spread limit.
- Compressor
2700C or 5190F -
temperature.
- Atomizing air
1350C or 2750F -
temperature alarm.
- Compressor
discharge press 35 PSI -
sensor limit.
26

-
- Load compartment
204.40C or 4000F
high temperature.
152.4 MMH20 or 203.2 MMH20 or

- Air inlet filter ∆ P.
6 INH20 8 INH20
- Fire detector -
accessory 162.80C or250F
compartment.
-
- Fire detector.
3850C or 7250F
- Fire detector turbine

315.60C or 6000F -
compartment.
- Lube oil header

73.90C or 1650F 79.40C or 1750F
temperature.
- # 1 turbine journal
bearing drain 90.50C or 1950F -
temperature.
temperature.
27

temperature.
- # 1 turbine thrust
temperature.
- Lube oil
thermocouple
93.30C or 2000F -
bearing drain
temperature.
- Bearing metal
129.40C or 2560F -
temperature.
- Low lube oil header

70.0 + 1.0 PSI -
pressure.
- Lube oil bearing

header pressure - 9.0 +- 0.5 PSI
low.
- Bearing sealing air 127 MMH20 or 5

-
pump pressure. INH20
28

- Hydraulic oil filters

differential 60.0 + - 3.0 PSI -
pressure.
- Hydraulic oil trip

circuit pressure 20.0 + -1.0 PSI -
liquid fuel system.
1350 + - 15.0
- Hydraulic oil supply
PSI 94.91 + - -
pressure low.
1. BAR
- Distillate fuel low

30.0 +-1.0 PSI -
pressure.
- Liquid fuel filters

differential 25.0 +- 1.0 PSI -
pressure.
- Cooling water
38.0 +- 1.0 PSI -
pressure low.
29

- Generator
temperature 62.80C or 1450F -
monitors cold gas.
- Cold gases
temperature 150F -
spread.
- Generator
temperature
37.77C or 1000F
monitor RTD low
limit.
- Generator hot gas

high temperature 1000C or 2120F -
limit.
- Generator
temperature
426.70C or 8000F
monitor RTD high
limit.
- Generator
temperature stator 129 C or 264 F
collector end.
- Generator
temperature cold 50 C or122 F
gas collector end.
30

If two (2) or more generator winding temperature
RTD’s reading 1350C or 2750F unit will
shutdown.
If generator cold gas temp. RTD’s reading less than -

-37.80C or -1000F or more than 426.70C or 8000F
the RTD’s is defective
If generator cold gas temperature differential reading

more than 150F the unit will shutdown.
If load tunnel inner barrel temp. TTIB 212.70C or

4150F load tunnel inner barrel temp high alarm
appears.
If load tunnel inner barrel temperature TTIB 2210C or

300F turbine load decrease up to generator circuit
breaker (52G) open.
If load tunnel inner barrel temperature high TTIB

2600C or 5000F turbine trip.
ALARM AT: TRIP AT:

- Exhaust Exhaust Exhaust
temperature Reference Reference
high. Temperature temperature +
+250F 400F
31

- Wheel space
temperature.
-
1FI-1 426.70C/ 8000F
1FI-2 426.70C/ 8000F -
IAO-1 510 0C / 950 0F -
IAO-2 5100C / 9500F -
2FO-1 5100C / 9500F -
2FO-2 5100C / 9500F -
2AO-1 5100C / 9500F -
2AO-2 5100C / 9500F -
3FO-1 482.0C / 9000F -
3FO-2 482.20C / 9000F -
3AO-1 426.70C / 8000F -
3AO-2 426.70C / 8000F
-
- Wheel space
stage spread
temperature 650C or 1500F -
limit for water
Wash.
- Start up alarm
set point bias 21.10C or 700F -
temperature.
- Turbine bearing
5.9 mils 8.66mils
radial vibration.
32

- Generator
bearing redial 5.9 mils 8.66 mils
vibration
- Seismic 0.5 IN/SEC or 1.0 IN/SEC or

vibration 12.5 MM/SEC. 25.4 MM/SEC.
- Axial vibration
sensor Turbine 25 mils 30 mils
bearing #1
At filter ∆P 30
- Turbine lube oil
INH2O must
mist eliminator
change filter.
17 IN (254 MM)
- Lube oil tank
to blow top
low level.
of oil tank.
10 IN (254 MM)
- Lube oil tank
to blow top
high level.
of oil tank.
33

9. DEVICES SETTING.
Device Name Setting
Apu cooling fan Increasing: 110.0 +-

26AD - 1 temperature 5.000F or 43.33 +-
switch. 2.7780C.
Decreasing: 45.00 +-
26AP - 1 Apu thermostat. 1.000F or 7.222 +-
0.55556 C.
Increasing: 145.0 +-
Apu over 5.000F or 62.78 +-
26AP - 2 temperature 2.778 C (decreasing:
switch. 142.0 +- 5.000F or
61.11 +- 2.778 C).
Turbine
compartment
26BT - 1 5.000F or 148.9 +-
temperature
2.778C
switch.
Turbine
compartment
26BT - 2 5.000F or 46.11 +-
temperature
2.778C
switch.
Turbine Decreasing: 100.0 +-

26HT - 3 compartment 2.000F or 37.78 +-
thermostat. 1.111C.
34

Device Name Setting
Lube oil header
3.000F or 73.89 +-
high
26QA - 1 1.667C Decreasing:
temperature
159.0 +- 3.000F or
alarm.
70.56 +- 1.667C.
Lube oil tank 3.000F or 1.11 +-
26QL - 1 temperature 1.667C Increasing:
heater on/off. 84.00 +- 8.000F or
28.89 +-4.444C
Lube oil tank 3.000F or 15.56 +-
26QN - 1 temperature 1.667C Increasing:
normal. 61.25 +- 0.7500F or
16.25 +- 0.4167C.
Increase: 175.0 +-
Lube oil header
3.000F or +- 1.667C
high
26QT - 1A Decreasing: 169.0 +-
temperature
3000F or 76.11 +-
trip.
1.667C
Load
compartment Increase: 400.0 +-
26VG - 1 high 2.000F or 04.4 +-
temperature 1.111C.
alarm.
Operate vent fan at 95
degrees F increasing.
Temp. Element
operate space heater
for compartment
26VW - 3 at 650F decreasing.
space heater
Alarm at 430F
and vent fan.
decreasing. Alarm at
1300F increasing.
35

Device Name Setting
Generator
Output at 0.5”/sec
39V - 4A vibration
150.0MV.
sensor.
Fire detector
Increasing: 325.0F or
45FA - IA accessory
162.8C
compartment.
45FLC-20A Fire detector.
385.0C.
Fire detector
45FT - IA turbine
315.6C
compartment.
Apu low pressure
63AD - 4 5.000 PSI or 5.976 +-
switch.
0.3515BAR.
0.7500 PSI 1.055 +-
Main atomizing air
0.527 BAR.
63AD - 1A compressor diff.
pressure switch.
1.000 PSI 1.266 +-
0.07 BAR
Load Decreasing: 0.4000

63AG - 1 compartment air INH20 or 10.16
pressure switch. MMH2O
Inlet air filter Decreasing: 60.0 +-

63CA - 1 compressed air 5.00 PSIG or 4.218
pressure switch. +- 0.3515 BAR.
36

Device Name Setting
Decreasing: 30.0 +-
1.00 PSIG or 2.106
Distillate fuel low +- 0.0703KG/CM2
63FD - 3
pressure alarm. Increasing: 35.0 +-
1.00 PSIG or 2.461
+- 0.0703 KG/CM2
Liquid fuel
63FL - 2 2.000 PSIG or 2.109
pressure switch
+- 0.1406 KG/CM2G
Hp fuel filter unit

63FV - 82 vent fan
0.0100INH2O.
pressure switch
3.000PSID or 4.218
Hydraulic oil filter
+- 0.2109KG/CM2D
63HF - 1 diff. pressure
(decreasing: 57.50
alarm.
+2.000PSID or 4.043
+- 0.1406 KG/CM2D)
Hydraulic oil trip
1.00PSIG or
circuit pressure
693HL - 1 1.400.0703KG/CM2G
liquid fuel
Increasing: from
system.
20.1to 24PSIG
Liquid fuel diff.
63FL - 8 1.000PSID or 1.758
pressure switch.
+- 0.0703 KG/CM2D
37

Device Name Setting
Decreasing: 1350 +-
15.00PSIG or 94.91
Low hydraulic oil
+- 1.055 KG/CM2G
63HQ - 1 supply
Increasing: 1375 +-
pressure alarm.
10.00 PSIG or 96.67
+- 0.7031 KG/CM2
Decreasing: 70.00
+1.000PSIG or 4.921
Low lube oil
+- 0.0703 KG/CM2D
63QA - 1 pressure aux
pump start.
1.20 PSIG or 5.048
+- 0.0844 KG/CM2G
Decreasing: 8.000
+0.30 PSIG or 0.5625
Low lube oil
+-0.0211KG/CM2G
63QT - 2A pressure – trip
increasing: 9.000 +-
load.
0.50PSIG or 0.6328
+-0.0352KG/CM2G
1.000PSID or 1.055 +-
Main lube oil filter
0.0703 KG/CM2D
63QQ - 1 differential
pressure alarm.
0.40 PSI or 1.012 +-
0.0281 KG/CM2D
38

Device Name Setting
Turbine inlet air
filters Increasing: 6.0 +- 0.25
63TF - 1 excessive INH2O or 152.4 +-
pressure drop 6.350 MMH2O
alarm.
Turbine inlet air Increasing: 8.0 +- 0.25
63TF – 2A filter excessive INH2O or 203.2 +-
pressure drop. 6.350 MMH2O.
Lube oil tank air Decreasing: 5.000

63QV - 1 pressure INH2O or 127.0
switch. MMH2O
Increasing: 108.0 PSIG

Hydraulic ratchet
or 7.593 KG/CM2G
forward stroke
63HR - 1 Decreasing: 98.00
pressure
PSIG r 6.890
switch.
KG/CM2G
Increasing: 108.0 PSIG
Hydraulic ratchet or 7.593 KG/CM2G
pressure (decreasing: 93.00
63HR - 2
switch return PSIG or 6.539
stroke. KG/CM2G)
Secondary fuel Increasing: 15.00

63LF - 7 filters delta +2.000OSID or 1.055
pressure. +- 0.140KG/CM2D
Liquid fuel diff. Increasing: 25.00 +-
63FL - 8 pressure 1.00PSID or 1.758 +-
switch. 0.070KG/CM2D
39

Device Name Setting
Decreasing: 25 +- 0.8
Turbine shell &
INH2O or 635.0 +-
exhaust frame
20.32 MMH20
63TK-1 blower
Increasing: 28. +- 0.8
discharge
INH2O or 711.2 +-
pressure switch.
20.32 MMH20.
Turbine / Decreasing:
compressor 93.00+2.000PSIG
63TW - 1
wash water or 6.539 +-
pressure. 0.1406KG/CM2G.
Turbine /
compressor
Increasing: 4.000 INHG
63TW - 2 wash water
or 101.6MMHG
pressure pump
trip.
Decreasing: 38.0+- 1.0
Low cooling water
63WC - 1 PSIG or 2.672 +-
pressure switch.
0703 KG/CM2G.
4.0 +- 0.20MA = 22.00
Barometric INHG or 558.8MMHG
96AP - 1A pressure 20.+- 0.2MA = 37.00
transmitter. INHG or 939.8
MMHG
Compressor bell 4.000MA = 0.0INH2O or

mouth differential 0.0MMH2O 20.00MA
96BD - 1
pressure = 138.5 INH20 or
transmitter. 3518 MMH20
40

Device Name Setting
4.0 +- 0.2MA = 0.0
INH2O or 0.0
Inlet air total
MMH2O 20.0 +-
96CS - 1 pressure
0.2MA = 11.10
transmitter.
INH2O or
281.MMH2O
4.000MA = 0.0 INH2O
Exhaust pressure or 0.0MMH2O 20.0
96EP - 1
transmitter. MA= 27.70 OMJ20 or
703.6 MMH2O
4.000 MA = 0.0 INH2O
or 0.0 MMH2O
Lube oil tank level
96QL - 1 20.00MA =
transmitter.
25.00INH2O or635.0
MMH2O
4.000 +- 0.5000MA = -
Dew point sensor / 49.00f or –45.0C 20.0
96TD - 1A
transmitter. +- 0.5MA = 167.0F or
75.00C.
Turbine inlet filter 4.000MA = 0.0INH2O or

differential 0.0MMH2O 20.00MA
96TF – 1A
pressure = 10.00INH2O or
transmitter. 254.0 MMH2O.
Bearing metal
BT-GJI -1A temp generator Alarm at 260F
bearing # 1.
41

Device Name Setting
Generator temp-
DT-GGC10 cold gas coupling Alarm = 122F
end.
Generator temp-
DT-GGH-18 hot gas coupling Alarm = 212F
end.
Generator temp –
DT-GSA - 5 stator collector Alarm = 264 or 129C
end.
Lube system temp.

LT-G2D -
Generator # 2 Alarm = 200F
1B
bearing drain.
Lube oil
Alarm at 165F (73.9C)
LT-TH - 1A thermocouple
Trip at 175F (79.4C)
turbine header.
Lube oil header Set 26.0 +- 1.0 PSIG or

VPR2 - 1 Pressure 1.828 +-
regulator valve. 0.0703KG/CM2G.
Compensator
Set 1510 +- 10.00 PSIG
hydraulic oil
VPR3 - 1 or 106.2 +-
supply pumps (in
0.7031 KG/CM26.
pump).
42

Device Name Setting
Liquid fuel supply Set 65.00 +- 2.000

VPR53 - 1 pressure PSIG or 4.570 +-
regulator valve. 0.1406KG/CM2G
Set 110.0 +- 5.000PSIG

Air filter blow down
VPR67 - 1 7.734 +-
regulator Valve.
0.3515KG/MC2G.
Set 150.0 +- 1.000PSIG

Apu pressure relief
VR14 - 1 or 10.55 +-
valve.
0.0703KG/CM2G
Pressure regulator
Set 65.00 +- 5.000PSIG
starting a
VPR68 - 1 or 4.570 +- 0.3515
compressor
KG/CM2G.
isolation valve.
Main lube oil pump Set 101.0 +- 1.0PSIG or

VR1 - 1 pressure relief 7.101+-
valve. 0.0703KG/CM2G.
Main hydraulic oil

Set 1700 +- 20.00 PSIG
supply pump
VR21 - 1 or 19.5 +- 1.406
pressure relief
KG/CM2G.
valve.
43

Device Name Setting
Auxiliary
hydraulic oil Set 1700 +- 20.00PSIG
VR22 - 1 supply pump or 119.5 +-
pressure relief 1.406KG/CM2G.
valve.
Main fuel pump Set 1200 +- 5.000PSIG
VR4 -1 pressure relief or 84.37 +-
valve. 03515KG/CM2G.
Set 900.0 +- 50.00 PSIG

Ratchet pump
VR5 - 1 or 63.28 +-
relief valve.
3.515KG/CM2G.
Set 18.0 +- 5.000PSIG or

Inlet pressure
VR53 - 3 12.66 +-
relief valve.
0.3515KG/CM2G.
Lube oil header

Set 130.0 +- 8.000F or
VTR1 - 1 temperature
54.44 +- 4.444C.
regulator valve.
Atomizing air
pressure cooler
Set 225.0 +- 8.000F or
VTR2-1 air discharge
107.2 +- 4.444.C
temperature
regulator valve.
Set 150.0 +- 5.000 PSIG
Heat exchange
VR64 - 6 or 10.55 +-
atomizing air
0.3515 KG/C2.
44

10. Starting System.
- Starting System function:
Before the gas turbine can be fired and brought to operating
speed it must first be rotated or cranked by Accessory
equipment.
This is accomplished by an induction motor, operating

through a torque converter to provide the cranking
torque and speed required by the turbine for startup.
Also at shutdown, this same equipment continues to rotate

the turbine rotor at slow speed for cool down purposes.
Cranking and turning power are both supplied by the starting

system during gas turbine startup and shut-down.
- Starting System Components:

- An induction motor (88CR-1):
The starting motor is a horizontal induction motor and drives
the torque converter through a flexible disc pack style
coupling.
Power supply (4160 V, 3 PH, 60HZ) AC
Motor Speed = 3600 RPM Power = 800 HP
45

- Hydraulic ratchet pump (88HR-1):
Power supply 120V DC
Motor Speed = 2200 RPM Power = 3.4 HP
- Torque converter system:

- Torque adjustor drive motor
Power supply (460 V, 3 PH, 60HZ) AC
Motor Speed = 1800 RPM Power = .39 HP
The torque converter provides the required torque

multiplication for the starting motor to drive the turbine.
Hydraulic oil pressure is supplied by (88HQ-1) A.C.

auxiliary hydraulic pump. The torque converter is coupled
to the accessory gear through a flexible disc pack style
coupling.
Switches (33TM-5, 33TM-7 and 33TM-8) provide the

proper torque adjustment settings for purging,
accelerating, and firing of the gas turbine.
Also control of the torque converter is achieved via an

integrally mounted unloading solenoid valve (20TU-1)
and hydraulically–operated dump valves.
46

- Startup Functions And Sequences
In the normal starting sequence the starting motor (88CR-1)

is energized and the torque converter adjustor is set at
the (33TM-5) limit switch setting after a five-second
delay to allow starting motor (88CR) to accelerate to
speed, fluid is admitted into the torque converter
hydraulic circuit from the lubrication system by the
integral (20TU-1) valve.
The ratchet system is energized by the (20HR-1) valve at
about 200 RPM, the ratchet system has been
completely reenergized by the (20HR-1) valve, and
the
Turbine goes to purge speed (approximately 20%
speed) as governed by (33TM-5).
At this time, the torque converter is drained and the gas

turbine is allowed to coast down to firing speed at the
(14HM) relay set point.
The torque converter adjustor is then set at the (33TM-8)

limit switch setting and the torque converter is filled so
as to hold firing speed constant through the firing and
warm–up cycle.
Readjustment of the torque converter to the (33TM-7) limit

switch setting at the end of warm up allows the torque
converter to assist in accelerating the unit up to self–
sustaining speed (approximately 65% speed). At this
speed, the torque converter hydraulic circuit is drained
47

by de–energizing solenoid valve (20TU-1) which
effects disconnect of the starting system from the gas
turbine.
- Rotor Cool–Down
After the gas turbine has come to a complete stop, the cool–
down cycle begins. The A.C. auxiliary hydraulic oil pump
(88HQ-1) is energized by the (20HR-1) ratchet
solenoid and start cool–down rotation timer.
When the ratchet has completed its stroke by signal of the

(63HR-2) pressure switches, the (20HR-1) solenoid
and A.C. pump/motor are de–energized.
The ratchet stroke should last about 30 seconds and should

rotate the shaft about 45 degrees.
The return stroke for the ratchet should also last about 30
seconds. The timer for setting ratchet stroke intervals
should be set for 180 seconds.
When the interval timer times out, the A.C. pump/motor

(88HQ-1) and (20HR-1) solenoid are de–energized to
Start another ratchet cycle.
The ratchet cycle will continue until the cool–down cycle is

complete, or another start–up sequence is initiated.
48

The internal ratchet mechanism of the torque converter is
controlled by pressure switches (63HR-2) return
stroke and (63HR-1) forward stroke.
Prior to start–up the ratchet mechanism goes into

continuous operation for breakaway (one cycle is
enough)
The cool down cycle for the ratchet is as mentioned above.
In addition a (43HR-1) jog switch can be operated which

on contact closure will energize (88HR-1) hydraulic
DC pump and (20HR-1) solenoid to put ratchet in
forward stroke for as long as the button is held in.
Once button is released (20HR-1) de–energizes with

(88HR-1) and the ratchet stroke is returned.
This allows the intermittent jogging of the shaft for bores
coping, alignment, and other maintenance purposes.
If the (43HR-1) contact is held in long enough the ratchet

stroke will complete a 45 degrees rotation of the shaft
and operation will be controlled by (63HR-2, -1)
pressure switches.
(88HR-1)DC hydraulic pump can only be energized when

the main lube oil auxiliary pump or DC pump is
energized to supply oil to this pump and lubricating oil to
the turbine train bearings for ratchet rotation.
49

Starting System Drawing
50

11. Lubrication System.
- Lubrication system function:
The system provides lubrication and absorbs the heat
rejected by turbine and generator bearings, oil supply to
hydraulic control, trip system, starting means and
accessory gear box.
- The lubrication system Components.
1. Lube Oil Reservoir.

Oil reservoir is 3300 gallons (12492 liters) of oil Lube Oil
viscosity should not exceed 800 SSU (150 centipoises).
2. Main Lube oil Pump.

A positive displacement gear pump which is shaft driven by
the lower drive of the accessory gear.
Pump Speed = 1425 RPM Power = 60 HP

Flow rate = 460 GPM Pressure = 100 PSI
3. Auxiliary Lube oil Pump (88QA-1).

Centrifugal pump type, vertical position, AC motor driven
pump is mounted on the top of the accessory base.
51

Motor Power supply (460 V, 3 PH, 60HZ) AC

Flow rate = 460 GPM pressure = 110 Psig
4. Emergency Lube oil Pump (88QE-1).

Centrifugal pump type, vertical position, DC motor driven
pump is mounted on the top of the accessory base.
Motor Power supply 120 VDC
Pump Speed = 1750 RPM Power = 7.5 HP

Flow rate = 250 GPM Pressure = 20 psig
5. Coolers.
Two lube oil fluid heat exchangers are mounted internal to
the accessory base.
These dual coolers are of shell and tube construction and

are piped in parallel to a transfer valve under normal
operating conditions only one cooler is in service at a
time.
6. Filters.
Two lube oil filter casings containing synthetic cartridges are
mounted internal to the accessory base providing β15 =
200 filtration.
52

These filters are piped in parallel to a transfer valve directing
oil flow through either filter.
Only one filter is in service at a time and change at ∆P15

psig.
7. Pressure Regulator (VPR2-1).

Oil pressure in the bearing header is maintained at
approximately 25 psig.
8. Pressure Relief Valve (VR1-1).

Oil pressure in the bearing header is maintained at
approximately 100 psig pressure relief valve sets the
main pump discharge pressure at approximately100
psig and relieves excess
9. Immersion Heaters (23QT-1, 2).

Two heaters, mounted on the side of the accessory base
and submerged into the lube oil reservoir, are used
during stand-by periods to ensure the oil maintains
proper viscosity for turbine start-up.
10. LUBE OIL Level Switch (71QL, 71QH).

A magnetic type lube oil level switch is flange mounted to the
top of the accessory base (oil reservoir) to monitor high
and low oil levels.
53

- High level alarm set to 10 INCHES (254 MM) to blow
top of oil tank.
- Low level alarm set to 17 INCHES (432 MM) to blow

top of oil tank.
11. Gauge Panel.

A gauge panel mounted on top of the accessory base
locates various instrumentation devices such as
pressure gauges, pressure switches, and test valves for
the lubrication oil, hydraulic oil and trip systems.
12.Transfer Valves.
The lubricating system employs two transfer valves, one is
used to direct flow to one of two heat exchangers and
the other is used to direct flow to one of two filters this
permits component servicing while the turbine is on line.
13. Pressure and Temperature Switches.

Pressure switches (63QT-2A, B) located in the load
package will trip the unit if the lube oil pressure drops
below the predetermined setting.
- pressure switch (63QA-1) is a located in the pump

header that signals an alarm and starts the auxiliary
lube pump (88QA-1) if the lube pressure falls below
its predetermined setting.
54

- Temperature switches (26QT-1A, B) located in the
turbine bearing header will trip the unit when the lube oil
temperature exceeds the preset limit.
- Temperature switch (26QA-1) will sound an alarm when

the lube oil temperature decreases to preset limit.
- Temperature switch (26QN-1) prevents turbine start up if

the temperature of the lube oil decreases to less than
60°F (10°C).
14. Mist Eliminator:

Lube oil mist eliminator motor(88QV-1A)
Speed = 3600 RPM Power = 10 HP
The turbine lubricating system vents through a mist

eliminator.
This vessel consists of one or more coalescing filter

elements used to remove oil from the air, a blower to
overcome the pressure drop across the filter elements,
a throttling valve to adjust the pressure and a bypass
damper to protect the system from overpressure in the
event of a blower failure.
The mist eliminator is set to maintain a slight negative

pressure in the reservoir tank.
55

A loop seal integral to the mist eliminator prevents the
blower from pulling a vacuum on the drain line and
ensures oil flow from the demister to the reservoir
junction box; oil collected on the filter is drained back to
the reservoir..
15. Thermocouples.
Thermocouples (LT-B1D, LT-B2D and LT-B3D) are
installed in the drain piping on each of the three turbine
bearings Thermocouple (LT-TH) is installed in the lube
oil bearing header.
56

Lubrication System Drawing
57

58

59

12. Hydraulic System.
- Hydraulic System FUNCTION.
Oil supply to hydraulic system taken from the bearing lube oil
header by:
Flow rate =15 GPM, and pressure =25 psig.
This fluid furnishes the means for opening or resetting of the

fuel valves, in addition to the variable turbine inlet guide
vanes and the hydraulic control devices of the gas
- Hydraulic System components:

- Main hydraulic supply pump.
Variable - displacement pump driven by a shaft of the
accessory gear

Flow rate = 13.2 GPM, Pressure = 1500 Psig.
- Auxiliary hydraulic supply pumps(88QH).

The auxiliary hydraulic pump operates whenever the main
hydraulic pump pressure output level is Inadequate for
turbine operation, such as during startup or low Speed
conditions.
60

When the main pump is operating and it fails to maintain
adequate pressure.
Motor power supply (460 V AC, 3 PH, 60HZ)

Flow rate = 16.5 GPM Pressure = 1500 Psig
- Pressure Regulator (VPR3-1).

Hydraulic oil, pressurized by the hydraulic pumps, is
controlled by pressure compensators (VPR3-1).
- pressure switch (63HQ-1).

When the main pump is operating and it fails to maintain
adequate pressure, the condition will be sensed by
pressure switch (63HQ-1) and the auxiliary pump will
be started by a signal from this switch.
- Air bleed valves (VAB1-1 ,VAB2-1).
The air bleed valves (VAB1-1,VAB2-1) vent any air

present in the pump As soon as system pressure
reaches 140 psig and a steady stream of oil is present
the valve closes.
- Check valves (VCK3-1, VCK3-2).

Check valves (VCK3-1, VCK3-2) prevent oil from
flowing into the out-of-service pump.
61

The check valves also keep the hydraulic lines full when the
turbine is shut down and Rating is 20 GPM at pressures
to 5000 psig.
Free flow pressure drop is 10 to 30 psig, depending upon

flow velocity.
- Relief valves (VR21-1 ,VR22-1).

Relief valves (VR21-1, VR22-1) which will relieve
pressure should the pressure regulator fail and
adjustable pilot-operated valves, rated at 30 GPM for a
pressure relief range of 100 to 3000 psig.
- Hydraulic supply manifold assemblies.

Manifold is an enclosure designed to provide a means of
interconnecting a number of small components.
Contained within the manifold assembly are relief valves
- Filters (FH2-1, FH2-2).

The hydraulic supply system filters prevent contaminants
from entering the control devices of the inlet guide vane
system, the fuel control servo valves and other hydraulic
devices; Only one filter is in service at any time during
system operation, The dual filter assembly complete
with fill valve and integral transfer valve (VM4-1) is
provided to permit changeover to the second filter
without interrupting the operation of the system, A
differential gauge is provided to indicate the oil pressure
62

across the filters when the gauge indicates a low
pressure of 60 psig.
- A hydraulic accumulator (AH1-1).

A hydraulic accumulator (AH1-1) is also connected in the
high pressure line of the hydraulic supply system to
absorb any severe shock that may occur when the
supply pumps are started.
63

Hydraulic Supply System Drawing
64

13. Trip Oil System
- Trip Oil System FUNCTION.
Oil supply to Trip Oil System taken from the lube oil header
by pressure =101 psig.
The hydraulic trip oil system is the primary protection

interface between the turbine control and protection
System circuits (SPEEDTRONIC™ Control System.
The devices that cause a turbine shutdown through the trip

system do so by dumping fluid pressure from the system
either directly or indirectly through electro hydraulic dump
valves (20FL or 20TV).
When the turbine is started, the dump valves are energized

to reset at the desired point in the starting sequence
permitting oil pressure to open the fuel stop valves and
inlet guide vanes.
The fuel stop valves remain open until some trip action
occurs or until the unit is shut down.
- Trip Oil System components:

- Liquid Fuel Stop Valve Solenoid valve (20FL).
Liquid fuel solenoid dump valve (20FL) is a spring biased

spool valve which relieves trip oil pressure causing the
liquid fuel stop valve to trip shut.
65

The dump valve is energized to run and reenergized to trip
from the SPEEDTRONIC™ panel. Since this dump valve
is spring biased to trip, it protects the turbine during all
normal situations as well as those times when loss of dc
power occurs.
- Variable Inlet Guide Vane System (HM3).

The modulated inlet guide vane system is activated by the
action of the trip oil system using low pressure trip oil
(OLT) in conjunction with high pressure oil (OH) from the
hydraulic supply system.
During normal operation trip oil (OLT) is pressurized and

dump valve (VH3) is energized which allows hydraulic oil
from the hydraulic supply system to flow through servo
valve (90TV).
The controlled or modulated position of inlet guide vane

servo valve (90TV) determines the flow of hydraulic oil
through the servo valve and dump valve (VH3) to the
inlet guide vane hydraulic actuator (ACV1–1).
The hydraulic pressure applied to the actuator determines

the position of the inlet guide vane control ring ln a trip
condition trip oil is dumped, by action of dump valve
(20TV) this causes inlet guide vane.
When the turbine is at rest, the inlet guide vane angle
position is at the designed closed position.
This closed guide vane angle is the position established to

limit the air flow through the compressor during the
turbine accelerating and decelerating sequence.
66

Trip Oil System Drawing
67

Inlet Guide Vane System Drawing
68

14. Liquid Fuel System.
- liquid fuel system FUNCTION.
A liquid fuel (diesel) taken from the diesel tank to
forwarding system by flow rate depend on the unit load.
A liquid fuel system pumps and distributes fuel as supplied

from the fuel forwarding system to the ten nozzles of the
combustion system.
After being filtered, the fuel flow is divided into ten equal
parts for distribution to the combustion chambers at the
required pressure and flow rate.
The entire liquid fuel system must be pressurized, with all

valves in the open position, before starting of the gas
turbine.
Controlling the position of the fuel pump bypass valve, VC3,
regulates the amount of fuel input to the turbine
combustion system by varying the amount of bypassed
fuel. Information on control of the fuel system is
provided in Control and Protection Systems.
- liquid fuel system components:
1. Liquid fuel forwarding system consist of:
a. Two duplex strainers.
69

b. Two forwarding pump (Centrifugal pump type,
horizontal position, AC motor driven pump
Pump Speed = 3600 RPM pressure = 120 Psig
2. Duplex low-pressure fuel filters (FF1-1,-2).
Fuel oil at low pressure, from the fuel forwarding system is

filtered by the low-pressure oil filters (FF1-1, FF1-2)
before passing through the spring-operated fuel stop
valve VS1.
This is a duplex filter arrangement with associated transfer

valve VM5. A differential pressure switch (63LF-1)
gives a signal when the pressure differential across the
filter being used reaches 15 psig (103.4kPa).
3. Fuel oil stop valve, (VS1-1).
Fuel oil stop valve (VS1) is an emergency valve, operated

from the protection system, which shuts off the supply of
fuel to the turbine during normal or emergency
shutdowns.
This valve is a special purpose two position (open and
closed).
During normal operation of the turbine, the stop valve is

held open by high-pressure hydraulic oil (OH-3) that
passes through a hydraulic trip relay (dump) valve, VH4.
70

This dump valve located between the hydraulic supply and
the stop valve hydraulic cylinder
When the turbine is shut down in the normal sequence, or
by an emergency or over speed trip condition, the
solenoid valve (20FL) causes the dump valve to
operate in the same manner as above, dumping the
high-pressure hydraulic oil from the stop valve cylinder,
allowing the spring to close the stop valve.
The fuel oil stop valve will fully close within a 0.5-second
total elapsed time.
4. Liquid fuel pump, (PF1-1).
Liquid fuel pump (PF1) is a positive-displacement,

continuous-output, screw-type pump (fuel oil lubricated)
Driven by the gas turbine accessory gear and sized to
deliver an excess of fuel. Solenoid-operated clutch
(20CF) allows the accessory gear to drive the fuel
pump.
This is a three-screw pump, consisting of a driver gear and

two idler gears.

Flow rate = 150 GPM Pressure = 1000 Psig
5. Pressure Switch (63FL-2).
Pressure Switch (63FL-2) is used to protect the fuel pump

in the event of low fuel forwarding pressure.
71

The pressure is taken from the downstream tap of
differential pressure switch (63LF-8).
At this location the fuel oil pressure is considered

essentially the same as the fuel pump suction or inlet
pressure.
6. Fuel pump discharge relief valve,( VR4-1).
The fuel pump discharge relief valve (VR4) is located in a

loop between the discharge and inlet of the pump.
The valve prevents the fuel oil pressure from getting high
enough to rupture any lines in the event of a flow divider
malfunction or freeze up.
This valve is set to operate in the range of 1200 to 1300

psig (8274 to 8963 kappa) and returns fuel to the inlet
pipe.
7. Fuel bypass valve assembly,(VC3-1).
The servo-controlled bypass-valve assembly (VC3)

modulates high-pressure fuel flow from the pump.
Components of this assembly include the bypass valve

body, electro-hydraulic servo valve (65FP) and the
hydraulic cylinder.
This bypass valve is connected between the inlet and

discharge sides of the fuel oil pump.
72

8. Servo valve, (65FP).
Servo valve (65FP) controls the bypass valve stroke

according to the difference requirement and the sensed
fuel flow.
If the turbine fuel requirement exceeds the actual oil flow

the bypass valve will close to increase the net oil flow to
the turbine.
The servo valve uses high pressure hydraulic oil (OH),
9. Flow divider, (FD1-1).
The flow divider equally distributes input fuel flow to the ten
combustion nozzles.
The continuous flow freewheeling flow divider consists of

ten gear pump elements in a circular arrangement
having a common inlet with a single timing gear.
10. magnetic pickup assemblies (77FD-1, 2, 3).

Three magnetic pickup assemblies (77FD-1, 2, 3) fitted to
the flow divider, produce a flow feedback signal at
a frequency proportional to fuel flow delivered to the
combustion chambers.
This signal is fed to the SPEEDTRONIC™ control panel

where it is used in the fuel control system.
73

11. Conical Strainers.
Conical in-line strainers are mounted immediately upstream

of the main fuel pump and of the flow divider.
Differential pressure alarms are mounted across the

strainers. In the event that the alarm annunciates, the
strainer should be removed and cleaned as soon as is
reasonably possible.
At the output of the flow divider to allow monitoring of

selected fuel oil pressure in the nozzle inlet line
Positions 1 through 10 select the fuel nozzles, position 11
selects the fuel pump inlet pressure, and position 12
selects the fuel pump outlet pressure.
13. Three-way Purge Valves.

A three-way valve is mounted in each of the ten primary
fuel lines and each of the ten secondary fuel lines.
These valves perform both the liquid fuel check and purge
air check functions.
They appear on the Purge Air System schematic and are

discussed under the Purge Air System section of the
Service Manual.
74

13. Fuel nozzle assemblies.
Combustion nozzles atomizing Air type.
14. False start drain valves (VA17-1, 2 ,5).

In the event of an unsuccessful start, the accumulation of
combustible fuel oil is drained through false start drain
valves provided at appropriate low points in the
combustion/turbine area.
The false start drain valve, normally open, closes as the

turbine accelerates during startup.
Air pressure from the discharge of the unit’s axial flow

compressor is used to actuate this valve. During the
turbine shutdown sequence, the valve opens as
75

Liquid fuel System Drawing
76

77

78

15. Atomizing Air System.
- Atomizing Air System Function
Atomizing air taken from main air compressor to air pre-
cooler.
Atomizing air systems provide sufficient pressure in the air

atomizing chamber of the fuel nozzle body to maintain
the pressure ratio, PR, of atomizing air pressure to
compressor discharge pressure, PAA/PCC, at
approximately 1.4 or greater over the full operating
range of the turbine.
Since the output of the main atomizing air compressor,

driven by the accessory gear, is low at turbine firing
speed, a starting atomizing air compressor provides a
similar pressure ratio during the firing and warm-up
period of the starting cycle, and during a portion of the
accelerating cycle.
- Atomizing Air system

components:
1. Main Atomizing Air Compressor.
Main atomizing air compressor driven by the accessory gear.
Power =90HP SPEED =6600 RPM

79

2. Starting Atomizing Air Compressor
A starting atomizing air compressor horizontal position, AC
motor driven, compressor is mounted on the top of the
accessory gear box.
3. Atomizing Air Heat Exchanger(HX1).
Air taken from the atomizing air extraction manifold of the

compressor discharge casing passes through
The air-to-water heat exchanger (pre-cooler) HX1 to reduce

the temperature of the air sufficiently to maintain a
uniform air inlet temperature to the atomizing air
compressor.
The atomizing air pre-cooler, located in the turbine base,

uses water from the turbine cooling water system as the
cooling medium to dissipate the heat. Refer to the
cooling water system text the atomizing air pre-cooler
entering the main atomizing air compressor becomes
too high or too low.
Atomizing air pre-cooler is water tube heat exchanger.
80

5. Thermocouples (AATI-1A , AATI-1B).
Thermocouples (AATI-1A, AATI-1B) are provided to

send an alarm to the SPEEDTRONICS.
When the temperature of the air from the atomizing air pre-
cooler entering the main atomizing air compressor
becomes too high or too low when the atomizing air
reaches the set temperature an alarm is activated.
6. Differential pressure switch (63AD-1A).
Differential pressure switch (63AD-1A) located in a

bypass around the compressor, monitors the air
pressure and enunciates an alarm if the pressure rises
across the compressor should drop to a level
inadequate for proper atomization of the fuel.
81

Atomizing Air System Drawing
82

16. Cooling And Sealing Air System.
- The Cooling And Sealing Air System
Function:
The cooling and sealing air system provides the necessary
air flow from the gas turbine compressor to other parts
of the gas turbine rotor and stator to prevent excessive
temperature buildup in these parts during normal
operation and for sealing of the turbine bearings.
Atmospheric air from external centrifugal type blowers is

used to cool the turbine exhaust frame.
- Cooling and sealing functions provided by

the system are as follows:
1. Sealing the turbine bearings.
2. Cooling the internal turbine parts subjected to high

temperature.
3. cooling of the turbine outer shell and exhaust frame.
4. Providing an operating air supply for air operated valves.
5. Compressor pulsation protection.
83

- The Cooling And Sealing Air System
components :
1. Turbine Exhaust Frame Cooling Blowers
2. Air Filter (with stone element)
3. Pressure Gauge
4. Dirt Separator
- Bearing Cooling and Sealing.

Sealing air is provided from the fifth-stage of the turbine
compressor during normal running operation of the unit
and is piped externally to each of the turbine bearings.
The pressurized air is used to cool the bearing and help

contain the lubricating fluid within the bearing area that
otherwise might seep past the mechanical seals.
- Turbine Cooling:
- Turbine Exhaust Frame Cooling Blowers
(88TK-1, 88TK-2).
Speed = 3550RPM Power = 60 HP

Pressure = 110 Psig
84

Cooling of the turbine exhaust casing and the exhaust frame
is accomplished by two motor driven centrifugal blowers
(fans) (88TK-1, 88TK-2) which are mounted
external to the turbine.
From the bearing tunnel some cooling air flows into the 3rd
stage aft wheel space after which it discharges into the
exhaust, and the remainder discharges into the load
tunnel and out the load compartment vent.
The two blowers operating simultaneously normally provide

cooling of the exhaust frame and turbine shell.
A pressure switch (63TK-1 or -2) is provided to sense

blower discharge pressure.
If one of the blowers should fail, the switch will cause an

alarm to be activated.
The turbine will continue to run with the other blower

providing cooling air at a reduced flow rate.
If both blowers should fail, the turbine will be shut down in a

normal shutdown sequence.
During turbine startup (20CB) is de-energized and the

eleventh stage extraction valves are open allowing
eleventh stage air to be discharged into the exhaust
plenum, thereby eliminating the possibility of
compressor pulsation.
Limit Switches (33CB-1, 2) on the valves provide

permissive logic in the starting sequence and ensure the
85

extraction valves are fully opened before the turbine is
fired.
The turbine accelerates to full speed and when the generator

circuit breaker closes, the (20CB-1) solenoid valve is
energized to close the extraction valves and allow
normal running operation of the turbine.
When a turbine shutdown signal is initiated and the

generator circuit breaker is opened (20CB-1) is de-
energized and eleventh stage air is again discharged
into the exhaust plenum to prevent compressor
pulsation during the turbine deceleration period.
- Pressurized Air Supply

Compressor discharge air is also used as a source of air for
operating various air-operated valves in other systems.
In addition, compressor discharge pressure is monitored by

pressure transducers (96CD-1, -1B, and -1C) for
use in control of the gas turbine.
- Water Wash Provisions

When water washing the gas turbine’s compressor or turbine
section, it is important to keep water out of the compo-
nets that are actuated by compressor discharge air and
out of the turbines bearings.
86

To prevent water from entering these components and the
bearings, isolation valves are provided in the sealing
lines to the bearings, and in the (20CB-1) feed line.
During normal operation of the gas turbine, all isolation

valves are to be open.
Before initiating water wash, the isolation valves must be

closed and the drain and air separator blow-down
valves opened.
At the conclusion of water wash the isolation valves must be

opened and the drain and separator blow-down valves
closed to allow normal operation of the turbine.
87

Cooling And Sealing Air System Drawing
88

17. Cooling Water System.
- cooling water system Function:
The cooling water system is designed to accommodate the
heat dissipation requirements of the lubricating oil
system, atomizing air system, generator heat
exchangers, turbine supports and flame detector
mounts.
The cooling water system capacity 1500 GALLONS, 35%

propylene glycol and 65% water with corrosion
inhibitors.
- cooling water system components.

1. Water radiator (four sections).
2. Eight Cooling water fans motor (88FC).
3. Two cooling water pump motor (88WC).

Flow rate = 1520 GPM Pressure = 125 PSI
89

4. Generator heat exchangers (four heat exchangers).
5. Lubricating oil heat exchanger (two heat exchangers).
6. Atomizing air heat exchanger (one heat exchanger)
7. Turbine supports and flame detector.
8. A temperature-regulating valve (VTR1-1, VTR2-1)

The components of the cooling water system are located on
the gas turbine base and the accessory module.
Components include heat exchangers, butterfly valves,

orifices, ball valves and temperature regulating valves.
A. Gas Turbine Cooling Water Piping
The gas turbine cooling water piping connects the lubricating

oil heat exchanger, atomizing air heat exchanger,
turbine supports and flame detector mounts into one
piping system.
The lubricating oil cooling system components is consist of

two shell-and-tube heat exchangers, a temperature
regulating valve and butterfly valves.
Two heat exchangers are provided so that one is in

operation, cooling the lubricating oil while the other one
is being maintained.
Only one of the heat exchanger is to be in service at one

time.
90

- To change from one heat exchanger to the other
while the gas turbine is operating the following
steps are to be followed:
1. Open the lubricating oil fill valve and allow the heat
exchanger to fill with oil until flow is observed in the
sight glass.
2. Open the closed coolant isolation valve on the exchanger

currently not in service. Coolant is now being circulated
through both heat exchangers.
3. Operate the oil transfer valve to direct the total oil flow to
the heat exchanger that will now be in service.
4. Close the coolant return isolation valve on the exchanger

with no oil flow.
A temperature-regulating valve (VTR1-1) is provided to

control the lubricating oil header temperature.
The three-way valve bypasses coolant around the heat

exchanger allowing the correct coolant flow to maintain
the oil within the temperature control range.
Gas turbine operation can be maintained the temperature

during using manual control.
91

B. Atomizing Air System
This system contains a heat exchanger, two butterfly valves
and a temperature-regulating valve.
Coolant is circulated through the atomizing air pre-cooler to

lower the temperature of the air entering the atomizing
air compressor.
A temperature-regulating valve (VTR2-1) is provided to

control the atomizing air temperature.
The valve is a self-contained control system that has a

temperature bulb, a capillary tube and a bellows
actuator.
Gas turbine operation can be maintained the temperature

during using manual control.
C. Gas Turbine Base

The piping on the gas turbine base distributes coolant to the
turbine supports and flame detector mounts.
The flame detector mounts are cooled to extend the life of

the flame detectors.
The coolant jackets on the flame detector mounts provide a

thermal break in heat conduction from the combustion
can house to the flame detector instrument.
No temperature regulation is necessary for the turbine

supports or flame detector mounts.
92

D. GENERATOR
The generator has two duplex air coolers located in its top
section. Heat from the closed circuit gas stream is
transferred to the coolant circulated through them.
Under normal operation, all the valves are open.
93

Cooling Water System Drawing
94

95

96

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OPERATION TRAINING BOOK

SAUDI ELECTRICITY COMPANY

ARAR POWER PLANT

MS7001EA Gas Turbine

FRAME (7) - MARK (IV)

By: Engr. Rushdi A. Taman

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04 - CHECK DURING START-UP. 9 - 11

05 - UNIT START-UP PROCEDURES. 12 - 18

06 - UNIT SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES. 19 - 21

07 - UNIT AUXILIARY COMPARTMENTS. 22 - 25

13 - TRIP OIL SYSTEM. 65 - 68

16 - COOLING AND SEALING SYSTEM. 83 - 88

17 - COOLING WATER SYSTEM. 89 - 96

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Basically, the power plant requires only fuel and fuel

The turbine unit is composed of an axial-flow

Both compressor and turbine are directly connected as

The inlet end of the rotor shaft is coupled to an

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GAS TURBINE CYCLE

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The two isobaric processes consist of the combustor

The two isentropic processes represent the compression

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The MS7001 gas turbine assembly contains six major

(1) Air inlet (2) Compressor (3) Combustion system

This section briefly describes how the gas turbine

Typical illustrations and photographs accompany the

The flange-to-flange description of the gas turbine is

A separate section is devoted to the air inlet and

Support systems pertaining to lube oil, cooling water,

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1. Heating and circulating of turbine lube oil at low

2. Control panel heating.

4. Auxiliary lube oil pump should be run at periodic

5. Where fuel heaters are furnished, heat and circulate

7. Operation of control compartment air conditioner

8. Battery charging (where applicable).

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• Check that all piping and turbine connections are

• Close work permit.

• Check lube oil, Fuel and cooling water level.

• Ratchet system ON.

• Turbine and generator lube oil mist eliminator on

• Temperature, Pressure, Vibration indicators, etc

• Must be no indication alarms and trips.

• Unit must be cleaned before start-up.

• Turbine compartment must be in good condition.

• Accessory compartment must be in good condition as

• Know operation data limit for alarm and trip.

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A- Listen for rubbing noises in the turbine compartment

B- Check for unusual vibration.

C- Inspect for water system leakage.

A- Bleed fuel oil filters, if appropriate then check entire

(1) Fuel piping/tubing to fuel nozzle.

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(1) Flow divider.

B- Monitor FLAME status on the HMI to verify all flame

C- Monitor the turbine control system readings on the

D- Listen for unusual noises and rubbing.

E- Monitor for excessive vibration.