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2 s1(t) − s2(t)
0 T
x ≥ 3.0. Here, x = T
10−3
. So,
r
T
≥ 3
10−3
T
≥ 9
10−3
T ≥ 9 × 10−3 .
1
So, the minimum value of T is 9 ms.
(e) Since it takes T = 9 × 10−3 seconds to transmit one bit, we can
1
transmit a maximum of bits every second. So, the data rate is
T
about R = 111 bits per second.
2. (a) The graph of s1 (t) − s2 (t) is shown below in figure 2.
s1(t) − s2(t)
2A
0 1
x ≥ 3.0. Here, x = A2
10−3
. So,
r
A2
≥ 3
10−3
A2
≥ 9
10−3
A2 ≥ 9 × 10−3
A ≥ 9.6 × 10−2 .
2
So, the minimum value of A is 9.6 × 10−2 Volts.
(e) The average power of the transmitter is defined as Power = Eb /T .
The minimum transmitter power is therefore
1 T 2
Z
Power = s (t) dt since E1 = E2 = Eb here
T 0 i
1 1 2
Z
= A dt
1 0
= A2
= 9 × 10−3 .
3
in the difference signal is obtained as:
Z ∞
E1 = (s1 (t) − s2 (t))2 dt
Z−∞
∞
= (ψ2 (t) − ψ1 (t))2 dt
Z−∞
∞
= (ψ12 (t) + ψ22 (t) − 2ψ1 (t)ψ2 (t)) dt
Z−∞
∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
= ψ1 (t) dt +
2
ψ2 (t) dt −
2
2ψ1 (t)ψ2 (t) dt
−∞ −∞ −∞
= 1+1−0
= 2.
−15 −10 −5 5 10 15
0.05. So, 2T
1
= 10. Further it is given that the bandwidth is
W = 15 Hz. So, T1 − W = 5 Hz. Also, W0 = 2T
1
= 10 Hz.
(b) Roll off factor is W −W0
W0
= 15−10
10
= 0.5.
4
5. (a) The bit rate R is 9600. The modulation type is 8-PAM. The
number of bits per symbol is therefore k = log2 8 = 3. The symbol
rate is therefore
R
Rs =
k
9600
=
3
= 3200 symbols/s.
1 1
s1(T − t) s2(T − t)
0 T 0 T
1
h(t)
0
T
−1