Code No: R5220104 R5

II B.Tech II Semester(R05) Supplementary Examinations, December 2010

HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Explain how the velocity is distributed in an open channel section. With the aid of neat sketches
(b) An open channel of trapezoidal section, 2.5 m at the base and having sides inclined at 600 to the
horizontal, has a bed slope of 1 in 500. It is found that when the flow is 1.5 m3 /s the depth of
water in the channel is 0.5 m. Assuming the validity of the Manning‘s formula., calculate the
flow when the depth is 0.7 m. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain the criterion for critical state of flow. Derive the expression?.
(b) In a flow through a rectangular channel for a certain discharge the Froude numbers corresponding
³ ´2/3
(2+F 2 )
to the alternate depths are F1 and F2 . Show that FF12 = (2+F22 ) . [8+8]
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3. A 20 scale model was tested in order to determine the resistance of the prototype ship. The model has
a wetted area of 2.75 metre2 . The prototype velocity is 3.50 metres per second in sea water of density
1.04 gm/cc. When the model was moved at the corresponding speed, the total resistance was found
to be 3.20 kg. The skin resistance of the model in fresh water is 0.00945 v 1.9 kg/metre2 and that of
the ship in sea water is 0.00902 v 1.85 kg/metre2 . Calculate:
(a) The corresponding speed of the model and
(b) The total resistance of the ship. [16]
4. (a) Find the expression for the force exerted by the jet on a flat vertical plate moving in the direction
of the jet.
(b) A jet of diameter 150mm strikes a flat plate normally with a velocity of 20m/sec. The plate is
moving with a velocity of 5m/sec in the direction of the jet and away from the jet. Find
i. The force exerted by the jet on the plate
ii. Wok done by the jet on the plate per second. [8+8]
5. Differentiate between:
(a) The impulse and reaction turbines
(b) The radial and axial slow turbines
(c) The inward and outward radial flow turbines
(d) Kaplan and propeller turbines. [4×4=16]
6. (a) What are the conditions for the kinematic similarity to exist between model and prototype?
(b) How do you compare the performance of a turbine under different working conditions? [8+8]
7. (a) Define a centrifugal pump. Explain the working of a single stage centrifugal pump.
(b) The water is to be pumped out of a deep well under a total head of 90m. A number of identical
pumps of design speed 1000 rpm and specific speed 900 rpm with a rated capacity of 150 lps are
available. How many pumps will be required and how should they be connected ? [8+8]
8. (a) Differentiate between firm power and secondary power.
(b) Two turbo generators each of capacity 25,000kW have been installed at a hydel power station.
During a certain period the load on the hydel plant varies from 15,000kW to 40,000kW, calculate
i. the total installed capacity
ii. the load factor
iii. the plant factor and
iv. the utilization factor. [4+12]

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