Abbreviations

1. ADR – American Depository Receipts

2. GDR – Global Depository Receipts
3. GAAP – Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
4. ECB – European Central Bank
5. ADB – Asian Development Bank
6. NYSE – New York Stock Exchange
7. NASDAQ – National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
system
8. EMU – European Monetary Union
9. MNC – Multi National Corporations
10. IBM – International Business Machines
11. CEO – Chief Executive Officer
12. GM – General Motors
13. GATT – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
14. WTO – World Trade Agreement
15. NAFTA – North American Free Trade Agreement
16. EU – the European Union
17. UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
18. GE – General Electric
19. IMS – International Monetary System
20. BWS – Bretton Woods System
21. SDR – Special Drawing Rights
22. EMS – European Monetary System
23. ECU –European Currency Unit
24. ERM – Exchange Rate Mechanism
25. ESCB – European System of Central Banks
26. GDP – Gross Domestic Product
27. OCA – Optimum Currency Areas
28. IMF – International Monetary Fund
29. LTCM – Long Term Capital Management
30. OECD – Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
31. BOP – Balance of Payments
32. CA – Current Account, Capital Account
33. ORA – Other Reserve Accounts
34. FDI – Foreign Direct Investment
35. BOPI – Balance of Payment Identity
36. BKA – Balance on the Capital Account
37. BCA – Balance on the Current Account
38. BRA – Balance on the Reserve Account
39. NPV – Net Present Value
40. IRR – Internal Rate of Return
41. SOX – Sarbanes – Oxley Act
42. FX – Foreign Exchange
43. OTC – Over –The – Counter
44. SWIFT – Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications
45. CHIPS – Clearing House Interbank Payments System
46. ECHO – Exchange Clearing House Limited
47. EBS – Electronic Broking Services
48. IRP – Interest Rate Parity
49. LOP – Law of One Price
50. PPP – Purchasing Power Parity
51. RER – Real Exchange Rates
52. FEP – Forward Expectations Parity
53. EMH – Efficient Market Hypothesis
54. RWH – Random Walk Hypothesis
55. SMA – Short term Moving Average
56. LMA – Long term Moving Average
57. MTM – Marked to Market
58. CME – Chicago Mercantile Exchange
59. PBOT - Philadelphia Board of Trade
60. ITM – In the money
61. OTM – Out of the money
62. ATM – At the money
63. FMH – Forward Market Hedge
64. MMH – Money Market Hedge
65. OMH – Options Market Hedge
66. CTA – Cumulative Translation Adjustment
67. FASB – Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement
68. BSH – Balance Sheet Hedge
69. OBC – Offshore Banking Centre
70. IBF – International Banking Facilities
71. IRB – Internal Rating Based Approach
72. LIBOR – London Interbank Offered Rate
73. SIBOR – Singapore “
74. TIBOR – Tokyo “
75. EURIBOR – Europe “
76. NCD – Negotiable Certificate of Deposits
77. FRA – Forward Rate Agreement
78. IDC – International Debt Crisis
79. LDC – Least Developed Countries or Less Developed Countries
80. Euro MTN – Euro Medium Term Notes
81. FRNs – Floating Rate Notes
82. ZCB – Zero Coupon Bonds
83. ERB – Equity Related Bonds
84. DCB – Dual Currency Bonds
85. S&P – Standard & Poor’s
86. EMBI – Emerging Market Government Bond Index
87. AMEX – American Stock Exchange
88. TSE – Toronto Stock Exchange
89. CATS – Computer Assisted Trading System
90. MSCI – Morgan Stanley Capital International
91. EAFE – European, Australisia, Far East
92. ADS – American Depository Shares
93. GRS – Global Registered Shares
94. IRS – Interest Rate Swap
95. SCIRS – Single Currency Interest Rate Swap
96. CCIRS – Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap
97. AIC – All in Cost
98. FOB – Free on Board
99. CIF – Cost, Insurance, Freight
100. OIP – Optimal International Portfolios
101. SHP – Sharpe Performance Measure
102. CECF – Close Ended Country Fund
103. WEBS – World Equity Benchmark Shares
104. ETF – Exchange Traded Funds
105. COC – Cost of Capital
106. WA COC –Weighted Average Cost of Capital
107. CAPM – Capital Asset Pricing Model
108. LSE – London Stock Exchange
109. IAPM – International Asset Pricing Model
110. APV – Adjusted Present Value
111. BNS – Bilateral Netting System
112. MNS – Multilateral Netting System
113. CCD – Centralized Cash Depository
114. B/L – Bill of Lading
115. B/A – Banker’s Acceptance
116. CPE – Centrally Planned Economies
117. EXIM Bank – Export Import Bank
118. VAT – Value Added Tax
119. CFC – Controlled Foreign Corporation
120. DB – Deutsche Bank