UNIVERSIDAD DE CARABOBO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE EDUCACIÓN DEPAR

TAMENTO DE IDIOMAS MODERNOS CÁTEDRA: GRAMATICA Y LINGÜÍSTICA INGLESA ASIGNATURA: LINGÜÍSTI

CA APLICADA
The term phonetics refers to the description of speech sound (how they are made,
transmitted and received). While the term phonology refers to the way those sou
nds are organized into the individual languages.
Phonetics
Articulatory (It studies how sounds are produced) Acoustic (It studies how sound
s are perceived) Segmentals (Consonants & vowels) Suprasegmentals (Stress, rhyth
m, intonation…) Allophone: It is the variation of a sound (phoneme).
Sounds
Phoneme: it is the smallest unit of speech which has meaning. (Consonants and vo
wels) Consonant phonemes:
BILABIAL
LABIODENTAL
DENTAL
ALVEOLAR
RETROFLEX
ALVEOPALATAL
PALATAL
VELAR
GLOTTAL
STOP FRICATIVE AFFRICATE LATERAL NASAL
/p//b/+ /f//v/+ /θ// /+
/t//d/+ /S//Z/+
/k//g/+ /∫//3/+ /t∫//d3/+ /h/-
/l/+
/m/+
APPROXIMANTS
/n/+ /j/+
/η/+
/w/*+ /r/+ *NOTE: labio-velar *Voicing: voiced (+) and voiceless (-)
P onetic criteria: 1. Point of articulation: bilabial, dental, labiodental, alve
olar, alveo-palatal, palatal, velar, glottal, and uvular. 2. Manner of articulat
ion: plosive, fricative, affricate, nasal, approximant, laterals and retroflex.
3. Voicing: voiced and voiceless. Vowel p onemes:
P onetic criteria: 1. Heig t of tongue: ig , mid, and low. 2. Part of t e tongu
e involved: front, central, and back. 3. Position of t e lips: rounded and unrou
nded.
EXERCISES:
1) Identify t e sound t at does not fit into t e string. Explain.
Speec sounds
m t t∫ u:
p n ∫ ә
b s d i:
θ f d3 e
2) Mark t e two words t at contain a silent consonant. brot er listen writer cin
ema music ouse know
says book 3) Read t e following groups of words, and transcribe t em. T en, sele
ct w ic word as a different sound. look good blood foot ______________________
______ dead mean bread ead ____________________________ fruit suit juice built
____________________________ sons girls dreams books ___________________________
__ pen red ten bee _____________________________ 4) Transcribe t e following sen
tences, and circle all bilabial and fricative sounds. A couple of brus es ______
___________________________ I wis I could see a real witc ____________________
_____________ S e is at t e store _________________________________ Peter likes
drinking Pepsi _________________________________ 5) Put a c eck √ next to t e word
t at ave front vowels, and circle t e vowel p oneme. ____talk ____keep ____alr
eady ____dollar ____dream ____before ____wonder ____October
6) Describe t e following p onemes. /e/_______________________________ /η/________
_______________________ /∫/________________________________ /ә/_____________________
___________ /i:/________________________________ /u:/___________________________
_____
/d/________________________________ /t/________________________________ /p/_____
__________________________ /w/_______________________________ /g/_______________
________________
7) C oose t e corresponding p oneme for t e following criteria. Bilabial, stop,
voiceless______ low, central, unrounded______ Hig , back, rounded______ Fricativ
e, alveolar, voiceless_______ Lateral, alveolar______ Approximants, palatal_____
__ Nasal, velar, voiced______ back, mid, rounded_______ 8) Circle and correct t
e errors in t e following transcribed sentences. It is a lost cause ____________
______________________ It is all rig t __________________________________ I’ve bee
n in T e USA for two years __________________________________ I cooked onions fo
r lunc __________________________________ T e prince of Persia ________________
__________________ 9) Decode t e following message. P onemic symbols represent t
e sounds of t e Englis language. _____________________________________________
_____________________________ Using t em can be a valuable tool ________________
__________________________________ to improving your students
pronunciation. __
_______________________________________________________ 10) Describe t e followi
ng p onemes (consonants & vowels). p k f e ∫ m g s i: n b r z w m v u t∫ l θ