TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 3

CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION

Molecular formula and Empirical formula

1) Compound X contains 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms.

Write the

i) Molecular formula : ____________________

ii) Empirical formula : ____________________

2) 2.4 g of magnesium combine with 7.1 g of chlorine. Complete the following table
[Relative molecular mass : Mg ,24; Cl, 35.5]

Element Magnesiu Chlorine

m
Mass (g)

Number of
moles

Ratio of number
of moles

Empirical Formula = _________________

3) 1.08 g of P combine with 0.96 g of oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula for the
oxide
formed. [Relative atomic mass : P , 27; O, 16]

4) Sodium sulphate consists of 29.1 % sodium, 40.5 % sulphur and 30.4 % oxygen.
What is
the empirical formula of the substance? [Relative atomic mass : Na,23; S,32; O,16]

5) 7.8 g M reacts completely with 1.6 g oxygen to form a substance with empirical
formula
of M2O. Calculate the relative atomic mass of X.
[Relative atomic mass: M,39;O,16]

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 3
CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION

6) An experiment was conducted to determine the empirical formula of magnesium

oxide. The table below shows the data collected.

Mass(g)
Mass os crucible + lid 18.00
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide 22.00
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium 20.40
[RAM , Mg,24 : O,16]

Calculate the empirical formula.

Module 3.2:

1. Diagram 1 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of

magnesium oxide.

heat

Diagram 1

The following are the results of the experiment

Mass(g)
Mass of crucible + lid 54.6
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium 59.4
ribbon
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium 62.6
oxide
[Relative atomic mass: Mg,24; O,16]

a) Calculate the mass of

i) Magnesium ii) Oxygen

b) Calculate the number of moles of

i) Magnesium ii) Oxygen

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 3
CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION

c) Determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide formed.

d) Write the chemical equation between magnesium and oxygen in this experiment.

______________________________________________________________________
___

e) Why must magnesium ribbon be cleaned with sandpaper?

______________________________________________________________________
___

f) Explain why

i) the crucible must be closed immediately when the magnesium ribbon starts to
burn?

______________________________________________________________________
___

ii) the crucible lid must be opened at intervals during the experiment?

______________________________________________________________________
___

g) How to make sure all the magnesium has reacted completely with oxygen?

______________________________________________________________________
___

2. Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus used to determine the empirical formula of
oxide metal M.
Oxide of metal M

Diagram 2
Dry hydrogen
gas Asbestos crucible

The following are the results of the experiment

Mass of combustion tube + asbestos crucible = 54.63 g
Mass of combustion tube + asbestos crucible + M oxide = 58.30 g
Mass of combustion tube + asbestos crucible + M = 56.70 g

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 3
CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION

[Relative atomic mass: M,207; O,16]

a) Calculate the mass of

i) M ii) Oxygen

b) Calculate the mole ratio of atom M and oxygen

c) Determine the empirical formula of M oxide

______________________________________________________________________
___

d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurs in the experiment.

______________________________________________________________________
___

e) Suggest two substances to produce the hydrogen gas in this experiment

______________________________________________________________________
___

f) Name the substance used to dry hydrogen gas

______________________________________________________________________
___

g) The combustion tube must be filled up with hydrogen gas. Describe how to confirm that
hydrogen gas has filled up the combustion tube.

______________________________________________________________________
___

______________________________________________________________________
___

f) Explain why the hydrogen gas is still passed through the apparatus during the cooling
of the combustion tube.

______________________________________________________________________
___

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TUISYEN IBNU SINA CHEMISTRY MODULE 3
CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATION