EFFECT OF S H O T BLASTING ON S T R E S S RELAXATION IN SPRINGS

(UDC 621.787.6 : 62-272)

V . P. O s t r o u m o v

Izhevsk Mechanical Institute

Translated from M e t a l l o v e d e n i e i T e r m i c h e s k a y a Obrabotka Metallov, No. 11,
p. 4q, November., 1964

We studied the effect of shot blasting on stress relaxation. In this study we used specially prepared c y l i n d r i c a l
coil springs of patented V1 wire (GOST 5047-59). The t e c h n i c a l characteristics of the springs were as follows:

Diameter, m m
wire 4
k g / m m 2 I[ coils 36
,2111II ./ ,2
Pitch of the spring, m m 16.6
Length of the spring, m m 122
Number of coils
10 I l l /
Total 9
IW /
working q
Force when the coils touch, kg 66
Maximum stress, k g / m m z ii0

The coiled springs were tempered at 240~ Some of

4 if'-
It//!
050100200 400 600 800
Stress r e l a x a t i o n in springs 4 m m in d i a m e t e r .
1, 5, 6) Cold hardened by shotblasting without
stress; 2, 4) not hardened; 3, 7, 8) cold hard-
ened by shotblasting under stress; 1, 3) i n i t i a l
stress of 100 kg/mm2; 4, 6, 8) i n i t i a l stress of
60 kg/mm2; 6, 7) i n i t i a l stress of 30 k g / m m 2.
The points on the curves are averages of m e a s -
urements for three samples.
The results of the tests are shown in the figure.
these springs were subjected to shot blasting (shot 1 m m in
d i a m e t e r , using the DU1 universal machine) at a v e l o c i t y of
65 m / s e c . The distance between the nozzle and the spring
was 400 ram. The springs were fixed on a support and rotated
around their axis at an angular v e l o c i t y of 10-40 rpm. They
were shotblasted for 8 min. The springs were turned 180 ~ dur-
ing the shotblasting period.
One series of springs was shotblasted while subjected to
a load r = 0.Srton; the other series of springs was shotblasted
without being stressed.
The springs were compressed to a given initial degree
and the tength of the spring was measured precisely. After
20, 80, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 h the elastic resistance
of the srpings was measured for a given (constant) deformation.
The tests were m a d e at room temperature (15-20~

CONCLUSIONS

1. Relaxation (weakening) of stress is particularly intense during the first 50-100 h of stress and depends on the
type of hardening t r e a t m e n t . Thus, in the case of an i n i t i a l stress of r0 = 60 k g / m m 2, the stress r e l a x a t i o n after 600 h
reaches 6.5 kg/mrr~ for unhardened springs, 5.2 k g / m m 2 for hardened springs not under stress, and 0.5 kg/mmZfor
hardened springs under stress.

2. The intensity of r e l a x a t i o n increases and the positive effect of shotblasting is weakest under a stress e x c e e d -
ing the yield strength (88 k g / m m 2) for V1 wire 4 m m in d i a m e t e r .

701
 8. Cold hardening of springs under static stress by shotblasting increases the wearability of the springs [1] and
considerably increases the stability of their elastic characteristics, and thus eliminates the tengthy operation of
scragging. The cold hardening of springs by shotblasting requires 4-8 min; the scragging operation takes 24-48 h.

LITERATURE CITED
1. V. P. Ostroumov and V. A, Karpunin, Increase of the Dynamic Strength of Springs [in Russian], Moscow,
Mashgiz (1961).

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