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Retention Volume:
1R4=2t4⋅F 4=2t4
V R3 V ⋅F
1M M3
retained non−retained
j=
[
3 (P inlet / P outlet )2 − 1 ]
2[(P ) − 1]
3
inlet / P outlet
V 0R = j ⋅ t R ⋅ F V0M = j⋅ t M ⋅ F
Specific Retention Volume:
V 0R − V 0M 273
Vg = ×
Ms T column
1
424 3
correction
for
temperature
Fig 27-3
- rotary sample valve with sample loop
Fig 27-4
Fig 27-6
• Rugged
• Sensitive (10-13 g/s)
• Wide dynamic range (107)
• Signal depends on # C atoms in organic analyte - mass sensitive
not concentration sensitive
• Weakly sensitive to carbonyl, amine, alcohol, amine groups
• Not sensitive to non-combustibles - H2O, CO2, SO2, NOx
• Destructive
Fig 27-7
Thermal conductivity of He, H2 much larger than organics
Organics cause T rise in filament
• Rugged
• Wide dynamic range (105)
• Nondestructive
• Insensitive (10-8 g/s) - non-uniform
Fig 27-8
Electrons from β-source ionize carrier gas
Organic molecules capture electrons and decrease current
• Simple and reliable
• Sensitive (10-15 g/s) to electronegative groups (halogens,
peroxides)
• Largely non-destructive
• Insensitive to amines, alcohols and hydrocarbons
• Limited dynamic range (102)
diameter
150-400 µm
WCOT SCOT
support
particles
immobilized liquid 1 µm (diatomaceous
earth) 30 µm