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UNIT -I
1. Define strain energy density.
2. State Maxwell’s reciprocal theorem.
3. State Castigliano’s theorem to find slope and deflection in a beam.
4. What is meant by strain energy stored in a structure?
5. Find the expression for the strain energy due to bending moment of a simply
supported beam carrying a load W’ spread over its entire length uniformly.
6. What is the strain energy due to (a) axial stress and (b) bending moment?
7. What is strain energy stored by a member subjected to a tensile force?
8. Write the principle of virtual work equation for deflection due to bending.
8. What is Williot diagram?
9. State Engessor’s Theorems.
10. Write down the three moment equation for two equal span continuous beam
simply supported at the ends and carrying two point loads at the middle of
each span. The span is L each.
11. What are the disadvantages of fixed beams?
12. Define degree of static indeterminacy of a structure.
13. Write the three moment equation, stating all the variables used.
14. Explain the effect of settlement of supports in a continuous beam.
15. Draw the shape of the BMD for a fixed beam having end moments – M in
one support and + M in the other.
16. State the principle of virtual work.
17. State the Maxwell reciprocal theorem.
18. Explain the “Modulus of resilience” of a material.
19. State the Castigliano’s Theorem.
UNIT – II
1. A cantilever of length 6 m carries a point load of 48 KN at its centre. The
cantilever is propped rigidly at the free end. Determine the reaction at the
rigid prop.
2. A fixed beam AB of length 3 m is having moment of inertia 1 = 3 x 106 mm4
the support B sinks down by 3 mm. If E = 2 x 105 N/mm2, find the fixing
moments.
3. What is indeterminate beam?
4. What is meant by point of contra flexure?
5. A simply supported beam of span I carries a uniformly distributed load of W
per metre length. The beam was propped at the middle of the span. Find the
amount, by which the prop should yield, in order to make all the three
reactions equal.
6. State the theorem of three moments.
7. Draw the bending moment and shear force diagrams for a fixed beam with a
point load W at the centre.
8. Write down the three moment equations for a propped cantilever beam
carrying a point load at midspan.
9. What are the methods of analysis of continuous beams?
10. What is Williot – Mohr’s diagram?
UNIT – III
2. Determine the deflection of the beam given in Fig. Use principal of virtual
work.
W
L/2
A
B C
3. Find the deflection at one third point from left end of the simply supported
beam of span 6 m subjected to uniformly distributed load of 20 kN/m by strain
energy principle.
4. Find the deflection at E in the truss showh in Fig. 1. Areas of members are
given in brackets in square cm. Assume E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 ,
3m
D
(A)
(A) E (A)
A 3m 3m B
20 KN
6. A simply supported beam of span 8 m carries a udl of 4 kN/m over the entire
span and two point loads of 2 kN at 2 m from each support. Find the mid-
span deflection using strain energy method. E = 200 kN/mm2 , I = 16 x 108
mm4.
11. State and explain the Engesser’s theorem and Castigliano’s theorem.
UNIT - II
5. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram for a simply supported beam
with a uniformly distributed load over entire span and propped at the
centre. Also derive relations for slope at the ends and maximum and support
reactions.
60 kN
10 kN/m
A C
B
3m 3m 6m
10. Analyze beam shown in Fig. EI = constant. Draw the bending moment
diagram.
300 kN 300 kN
A B
2m 2m 2m
11. A beam AB of span 8 m fixed at ends carries point loads of 10 KN, 30 kN and
10 kN at 2 m, 5 m and 6 m respectively from the left end. EI = 1.72 x 1010
KN/mm2. Find the fixed end moments at A and B. Also find the
deflection under the loads and maximum deflection.
13. Using the theorem of three moments draw the shear force and bending
moment diagrams for the following continuous beam.
4 kN/m 6 kN 8 kN
A B C B
4m 2m 1m 1m 3m
14. Using unit load method, find the vertical deflection of joint F and horizontal
deflection of joint D of the following truss. Axial rigidity AE is constant for
all members.
10 kN D E 20 kN F
4m
A B C
UNIT – III
1. Derive an expression for crippling load when one end of the column is fixed
and the other end is free.
2. Calculated the Euler’s critical load for a strut of T-section. the flange width
being 10 cm, overall depth 8 cm and both flange and stem 1 cm thick. the strut is 3
m long and is built in at both ends. Take E = 2 x 10 N/mm3.
3. Find the Euler’s critical load for a cast iron hollow column of external
diameter 200 mm diameter, 25 mm thick and of length 6 m hinged at both ends. E
= 0.8 x 104 N/mm2 . Compare Euler’s load with Rankine’s critical load. Assume fc
=550 N/mm2 and α =1/1600. Find the length of column at which both critical
loads are equal.
4. Derive the Euler’s buckling load for a column with both ends hinged.
9. The internal and external diameters of a thick cylinder are 80 mm and 120
mm, respectively. It is subjected to an external pressure of 40 N/mm 2 when the
internal pressure is 120 N/mm2. Find the circumferential stress at the external and
internal surface and determine the radial and circumferential stresses at the mean
radius.
10. Derive the expression for buckling load of a long column fixed at once end
and Hinged at the other end.
12. Find the thickness of metal necessary for a steel cylinder of internal diameter
200 mm to withstand an internal pressure of 50 N/mm2. The maximum hoop stress
in the section is not to exceed 150 N/mm2. Assume thick cylinder.
13. Derive the expression for buckling load of a column fixed at one end and
free at the other end.
14. A hollow cylinder cast iron column is 4 m long and fixed at the ends. Design
the column to carry an axial load of 250 KN. Use Rankineg’s formula and adopt a
factor of safety of 5. The internal diameter may be taken as 0.8 times the external
diameter. Taken Fc = 550 N/mm2 and Rankine’s constant 1__
1600
16. Using Euler’s theory, find the buckling load for the column with following
Boundary conditions: (i) Fixed-free (ii) Fixed-hinged
17. A column with one end hinged and the other end fixed has a length of 5 m
and a hollow cylinder cross section of outer diameter 100 mm and wall thickness
10 mm. If E = 1.60 x 105 N/mm2 and crushing strength σc = 350 N/mm2, find the
load that the column may carry with a factor of Safety of 2.5 according to Euler
theory and Rankine-Gordon theory. If the Column is hinged on both ends, find the
safe load according to the two Theories.
UNIT – IV
1. The normal stress in two mutually perpendicular directions are 600 N/mm2
and 300 N/mm2 both tensile. The complimentary shear stresses in these directions
are of intensity 450 N/mm2 . Find the normal and tangential stresses in the two
planes which are equally inclined to the planes carrying the normal stresses
mentioned above.
5. In a triaxial stress system, the six components of the stress at a point are
given below: σx = 6 MN/m2 , σy = 5 MN/m2 , σz = 4MN/m2 , τxy = τxy = 1 MN/
m2 , τyz = τyz = 3 MN/m2 , τzx = τxz = 2 MN/m2 . Find the magnitudes of three
principal stresses.
8. A simply supported wooden beam 3 m long supports a total udl of 8 kN. The
Cross-section of the beam is 100 mm x 150 mm. The applied load acts in a plane
making an angle of 300 with the vertical plane. Find the maximum bending stress
developed in the beam. Self weight of the beam may be neglected.
UNIT - V
10 mm Y
A
80 mm
X X
G
10 mm
C
B
K = 80 mm
150 mm
B 10 mm
150 mm C
• X
R
10. Determine the principal stresses and principal directions for the following
3D-stress field.
( 30 15 20 )
[σ] = ( 15 20 25 ) Mpa.
( 20 25 40 )
11. A three span beam ABCD has spans AL = 6 m, BC = 5 m and CD = 4 m.
All the supports are at same level and also simple supports. The spans AB and BC
are loaded with 9 kN and 8 kN respectively at 2 m from A in span AB and B in
span BC. The span CD’s carrying a UDL of 3 kN/m. If EI is constant throughout
analyse the continuous beam using theorem of three moment and draw the BMD.
13. A Overhanging beam ABC with simple supports at A and B 5 m apart over
hangs by 2 m. It is subjected to a point load of 10 kN acting at the free end C
calculated the slopes at A and B.
14. RSJ 400 x 200 mm is used as a strut with fixed ends for a length of 6 m.
Find the crippling load using Euler’s approach. Assume the thickness of the web
and flanges to be 20 mm and E = 210 GPa.
15. A built column made up of two channels ISJC 200 x 75 mm Back to Back at
100 m was two plates 250 x 10 mm attached on either side. For the channel section
Ixx =11.6 x 106 mm4; Iyy = 0.84 x 106mm4; A = 1777 mm2, Cxx= 19.7 mm and the
crushing stress is 300 MPa. If the f the column is 6 m and the ends fixed, find the
safe load. Rankines constant is 1/7500.
17. A closed ring made up of 40 mm Ǿ steel bar carries a pull of 20 kN, the line
of action of which passes through its centre. The mean radius of the ring is
10 cm. Find the extreme fiber stresses in the ring.
18. Locate the shear centre for a channel section used with its web vertical. The
size of the channel is 200 x 100 mm with 10 mm uniform thickness. Also draw the
shear flow diagram.
19. A shrunk cylinder consists of an inner cylinder of 180 mm and outer
diameter 200 mm and outer cylinder of external diameter of 240 mm and thickness
20 mm. The pressure due to shrinking 8 MPa. If an external of pressure of 60 MPa
acts find the resultant stresses across the wall.
21. A cylinder of outer diameter 280 mm and inner diameter 240 mm shrunk
over Another cylinder of outer diameter slightly more than 240 mm and inner
diameter 200 mm to form a compound cylinder. The shrink fit pressure is 10 N/
mm2. If an internal pressure of 50 N/ mm2 is applied to the compound Cylinder,
find the final stresses across the thickness. Draw sketches showing their variations.