Stakeholder influences define the environment.

Most project misfortunes are caused by

the stakeholders.

1. Identify the stakeholders.

2. Get stakeholder agreement, perform stakeholder clarity analysis; measure how
passionate they are about the project.
3. Acknowledge what you have understood of the project goals and what is in its
way – get their feedback on this.
4. Seek for the balance amongst all the stakeholder’s expectations – more imbalance
in expectations; more chances to fail.
5. What are your top priorities from stakeholder’s perspective – get a clear idea.
6. Determine how each of the players can influence the project on a positive or
negative way and how the project can be benefited from it
7. Know about inter-relationships between all the players and the consequences that
it is going to make.
8. Compile the environment analysis report along with your comments and
conclusions and send it over.

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
An Environmental Analysis (EA) identifies problems, conflicts, or resource constraints
that may affect the natural environment or the viability of a project. It is a systematic,
interdisciplinary process used to identify the purpose of a proposed action, develop
practical alternatives to the proposed action, and predict potential environmental effects
of the action. It also examines how a proposed action might affect people, their
communities, and their livelihoods.
The analysis should be conducted by an Interdisciplinary Team consisting of personnel
with a range of skills and disciplines relevant to the project. Team members should
include a team leader and may include engineers, geologists, biologists, archaeologists,
and social workers. The EA process and findings are communicated to the various
affected individuals and groups. At the same time, the interested public helps provide
input and comment on the proposed project. The document produced as a result of the
EA guides the decision maker toward a logical, rational, informed decision about the
proposed action.
An EIGHT Step Environmental Analysis Process and Its Associated Outputs
1. Identify the Project Identify the purpose and need of the proposed action.
Develop a goal to provide a framework for EA.
2. Scoping Identify the issues, opportunities, and effects of implementing
the proposed action.
3. Collect and Interpret Data Collect data.
Identify probable effects of project implementation.
4. Design of the Alternatives Consider a reasonable range of alternatives.
Usually at least three alternatives are considered.
Include a No-Action Alternative.
Consider the mitigation of negative impacts.
5. Evaluate Effects Predict and describe the physical, biological, economic, and
social effects of implementing each alternative.
Address the three types of effects -- Direct, Indirect, and Cumulative.
6. Compare Alternatives Measure the predicted effects of each alternative against
evaluation criteria.
7. Decision Notice Select preferred alternative.
and Public Review Allow for review and comment by the affected and interested public.
8. Implementation Record results.
and Monitoring Implement selected alternative.
Develop a monitoring plan.
Insure that EA mitigations are being followed.

Cultural practices, institutional structures and legal arrangements, which form the basis of
social structure, vary from country to country and sometimes, within a country, from one
region to another. It is a fundamental requirement to understand the social structure of the
area under study as it will have a direct impact on the project and the EIA.
Local, regional and national regulations, laws and organizations are interlinked. The way
in which they are interlinked needs to be explicitly understood. An understanding of the
institutional and legal framework concerning the environment is critical to the success of
any project or programme.
Consultation with local interest groups, including non-governmental organizations
(NGOs), will enable local views to be taken into account and their concerns addressed.
An awareness of social and cultural problems may enable solutions to be found and
conflicts to be averted before project implementation commences.

If land acquisition, economic rehabilitation (providing an alternative source of income) or

resettlement of displaced people are factors in any proposed development, special care
will be needed in carrying out the EIA. In most countries such issues are socially and
politically sensitive and legally complex and must be identified early, during screening.
They should be highlighted so that they are adequately studied by experts early in project
preparation.

Environmental, water and land issues involve many disciplines and many government
bodies. Data will therefore have to be collected and collated from a wide range of
technical ministries. They may hold important information about the project and
surrounding area on such topics as land tenure, health, ecology and demography.

an Environmental Protection Agency may also be created to coordinate environmental

assessment activities and to monitor follow up actions. As well as specific environmental
agencies, new units or departments concerned with environmental issues are being
created in technical ministries.
In many developing countries legislation on environmental issues has been in existence
for many years. For example, laws exist in most countries for the prevention of water
pollution
much specific new environmental legislation has been enacted. This may be as a response
to major disasters, or may result from government policy, public pressure or the general
increased international awareness of the environmental dangers that now exist in the
world.
an EIA it is thus essential to be fully aware of the statutory requirements and the legal
responsibilities of the concerned institutions.
When external financial support is required it will also be necessary to satisfy the
obligations of the donor organization.

Data are essential to an EIA and the organizations responsible for data collection and
analysis, should be strengthened (or established if not already existing). The
organizations must be well funded so that the data collected are reliable and complete and
the staff well trained and motivated. Inadequate and unreliable data will result in poor
studies based purely on qualitative analysis which can be subjective and easily refuted.

new laws promulgated in order to ensure environmentally sustainable development.