Physics Mid-Term Review

Vocabulary:

Distance Work Momentum

Displacement Acceleration of gravity Impulse
Speed Weight Temperature
Velocity Inertia Specific heat
Acceleration Potential energy Entropy
Vector Total energy Horizontal velocity
Scalar Kinetic energy Vertical velocity
Mass Mechanical energy Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion
Force Thermal energy Conservation of Energy
Energy Friction

Graphical Analysis:

Describe the following graphs

Newton’s Laws of Motion:

State all three laws of motion with an example of each.

Draw a free-body diagram of a 100 Newton box being pushed with a force of 20 Newtons on a
frictionless surface.

Kinematics Calculations:

An airplane accelerates from rest down a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until is finally lifts
off the ground. Determine the distance traveled before takeoff.
 A bullet starts out at zero velocity in a gun, but accelerates by a large amount after being
fired. If the bullet accelerates at a rate of 30 m/s2 , what is the velocity after 2 seconds?

A feather is dropped on the moon from a height of 1.40 meters. The acceleration of gravity on
the moon is 1.67 m/s2. Determine the time for the feather to fall to the surface of the moon.

Conservation of Energy:

How does a person skiing down a hill eventually come to a stop and still satisfy the conservation
of energy? Be sure to include vocabulary such as potential energy, kinetic energy, and friction.

At a water park, a 40-kg child goes down a water slide. At a point 5 m above the splashdown
pool, the child's speed is 10 m/s. Calculate the child's kinetic energy and potential energy with
respect to the splashdown pool at the 5 m point. (Use g = 9.8 m/s2)

How does pushing a bicycle up a hill show a conversion of kinetic energy into potential energy?

Momentum:

A 5,000-kg railroad car moving at 2 m/s collides and connects to another identical car initially at
rest. What is the momentum of the moving train car before the collision? What is the final
velocity of the two connected train cars?

A car hits a brick wall with a force of 20,000 Newtons for a total of 0.5 seconds. What is the
impulse on the car?

Thermodynamics:

Lead has a specific heat of 0.031 cal/gram 0C. How many calories does it take to raise the
temperature of 200 g of lead from 50 0C to 80 0C?

A 50 kg child jumps into a small pool of water through a distance of 3 m and acquires 1000 J of
kinetic energy. Assuming all of this energy goes into heating 10 kg of water in the pool, what is
the change in temperature of the water?