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This is in response to your email dated November 27, 2010, received in this office November 29,
2010 (enclosure 1) requesting document AD0634466.
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2 Enclosures
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Accession Number:
AD0634466
Title:
AN EMERGENCY DENTAL KIT ENCASEMENT FOR USE ON EXTRATERRESTRIAL MISSIONS,
Report Number(s):
SAMTR6634 (SAMTR6634)
SAMTR-66-34 (SAMTR6634)
Please know that electronic delivery of the requested material or correspondence related to this case is preferred and
accepted in lieu of paper copies via snail mail.
Thank you so much for your time, and I am very much looking forward to your response.
Sincerely,
E(\cl I
UNCLASSIFIED AD634466
APR 1966
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
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UNCLASSIFIED
SAM-TR-66-34
· ~ ·.
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April 1966
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Qualified requesten may obtain copies of this report from DDC. Ordtn will
be expedlt~t if placed thro>ugh the librarian or other person dt"signated to request
documents from DDC.
This report Wi.t~ prepared in the Systems RP.sellrch Lnborato1·ies, ·San Antonio.
Texas, under task No. 775303, contract No. AF 41(609)-2724. The work was initiated
on 24 January 19G6. The paper was submitted for publkation on 27 J11nuary 1966.
The plastics used in the study and the manufacturers are as follows: polycarhonate ·
(Lexan) by General Electric, ABS (acrylinitrile-butadiene-st>·rene) . (Cycoloc) b~·
Marbon, pulyethylene (Marflex) by Phillips Pet•·oleum, acrylic by DuPont Chemical
Co., polyester resin Fi~rglaa by Cook Cilemical Co. and Ferro C.-H·poration, urethRne
foam (Coro!oam) by Cook Chemical Co., and urethane foam (Nopco!oam) by Nopco
Chemical Co.
~L.-AIJfi~
~DV. ELLI~~
Colonel, MC. USAF
Commander
ii
PREFACE
The purpose of this inve!;tigatwn 111 to develop a suitable 1ndo~ure for the instru-
ments, materials, and drugs which have been determmed to be neressary for emergenc)
"buddy" dental care during prolonged space !light.
The approach was to obtain, by contract, a most suttable material wh1ch must be
strong, compact, lightweight, and nontoxic in an altered environment. The kit should
retain the contents securely and permit the selection and return uf mdividual items
as necessary.
Work is cont.inuin~ on methods o! storage in the spare vehicle, on the selection of
methods of opening and closing the kit, and on the determtnation of a suitable color
so as to indicate its emergency nature.
The contents of the kit, with modifications as necessar)·, will be presented 111 a
subsequent report after an adequate trial of the items currently proposed.
Use of an inclosure for a basic dental-treatment kit has been suggested for isolntt'd
bases, remote sites, mass casualty situations, field and missionary operations for
treatment by trained personnel. This initial report •s. therefore, presE.'nted for use
by others who may have a similar requirement to provide Jental care unde1 unusual
circumstancf.'s.
iil
ABSTitAM'
Steps have been taken to construct an emergency d.e ntal kit for "buddy" or st.>lf-eare
during prolonged space fhght. [nitial steps taken included a material study, material
selection, n design study, prototype design, and destructive testing of a mc•del. Also
included IS an explanatiOn of the properties of Lexan and Nopcofoam, the "!laterials
selected, as wei! as of the other materials consid~red. A design based or: sandw1ch
construt"tJOn has been developed and the characteristics of this clesign are summarized.
\'
Alf fMfRGEICY DflfTAl KIT fiWEMOO FOR USE ON EXTRATERRESTRIAL MISSIONS
·'
.. Material and design studies were based on Two types of polyurethane foam · were
• certain key parAmeters which are the primary studied, as were five types of material for the
i: limiting factors in constructing the kit. The high-strength, or load-carrying portion of the
.~ I
,i unique environment of space requires the case case. Corofoam, which uses Freon, and Nopco-
·-~~ to survive th~ high G forces of insertion and foam, which is water-activated, were the foam
:if perhaps re-entry. In addition, orbital G forces, materials considered. The high-strength mate-
classicaUy called zero G are very small; hence, rials studied included polyester reinforced with
~ ; when the case is uncovered, it must· retain all Fiberglas, acrylic sheet, linear polyethylene
$,', items in their proper places. As -the space sheet, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, and poly-
i ,l?f c~bin at.n_tosphere is closely controlled, ~oil ~ate carbonate sheet. Table I shows the relative
~ -~ r1als ubhzed must be gas-free or nontoxic un· merit of the materials considered.
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~~·?.'f1.:: ~· ,'~~·Sf"'.~l ~:)";,:·~!\~)~/~f~{t:~:.~~~· ~~~{~.2-.~~--~:·-~~,.~~;~~:~~·~t~\~~~'~:\ ··~·~ ~ _j,~
a very light density. Corofoam has one serious foam. Loss of this gas is detrimental to the
limitation, however, which precludes its use in insulation qualities of the materia). Since in-
this application; it uses Freon 11 and Freon 12 sulation was not a critical consideration, the
during the formation of the~ cellular structure other properties were evaluated. Strength cal-
from the basic materials. The Freon takes culations show that Nopcofoam as a core is
part in the reaction and then remains as a sufficiently strong to be used with any thermo-
halocarbon which is approximately 90% of th( set (Fiberglas reinforced) or thermo9lastfc
volume of the closed cells. The Freon, or an material In this design. Fu11herrnore, it has
equivalent gas, is essential to the react!::.i• with excellent adhesion qualities and may be
the isocyanate in Cook's process. ·ro avoid all adapted to use with any of the other materials
possibility of toxicity, Corofoam was elimi- used. A& a last consideration, Nopcofoam
nated as were all other foams that are based on has been used in the padding in the astronauts'
this type of reaction. · chairc, which indicates its acceptability for
space flight.
Nopcofoam was also considered. It is a
wnter-bRSed foam. Water is used as the blow- Polyester reinforced with Fiberglas was the
ing agent to react with the isocyanate and first material considered for the outer laminate
forms C02 which creates the cellular structure. or high-strength layer. This material is used
The carbon dioxide rapidly diffuses out of the extensively at present in making "Mndwich"
TABLE I
Propertie1 of pla1tic1
Polyester
Lexan• Cyeolae• Marnex• Aery lie Corofoam• Nopc.'ofoam•
~aln"
Relative merit 1 2 s 4 II II I
Toxicity A A t l I •• A
Strength/wehrH ratio A B c c A A A
Previous apace uae Yn Yea No No No No Yn
Moldablllty B A B B B A A
Dimension stability A B B B 8 8 , B
Chemleal realatanee A B A B c N/A N/A
Temperature realatanee A 8 c c B A A
Bonrlabillty .\ A .c n A A A
Mold ahrinkace A A c c B N/A N/A
Material atNncth B B c B A c c
Llrht welrht ·~ .. B - 8 8 c c A A
Machinability A B B B c N/A N/A
Flammability No tt tt tt tt tt tt
Colon av•llable A A 8 B c N/A
--
N/A
A =tactlltnt ; U = ~: C =aoctptablt.
•rol,earbanal• {l.eUII), AilS {ae..,.llllltrl ... butaolltll.,.b'NIIt IC1fl\lr.tl, pob'tlh71ou Ularrlu), Polr•••r ,...,. Nlafo~Wd wit-. Flw..
•lu, uMhano t011m {Corofoaml , uNthant f011m {NoiiGOtoaml .
tOoocl doeut~~tntatloll but 1101 P...,•lo111lr 111od.
tCould not bt .-.mmtllded bJ OuPo111.
Ulh•lmum un•u...t - ' " 11',4).
"('laaod cella tantalll fluor<>nrball,
ttSiow bur11l1111.
3 '
1
5
Unclas · ified
C)~unl y C'lasslficstlon
DOCUMENT CONTROL OAT A · R&.D
(Secu rity cJeaeallcouon " ' Cttle bod)o v l ab • tre< I .and rnde-tr n Q anno:art ")l"') r.'\uel b o enlf>re d """'er,. th e o v•,.a f j '0JX;Itt , . c I• A" , J. 004 1
I OltiGIHA TIN G AC"l"l\/1 ry (Curpur•t• -.uthor) z,. RCPQR'T ~ECUR t T Y C L.ASS • J:' : C A '! t O,..
Ferguson, Jack H.
Hartley, Jack L., Lieutenant Colon>!l, DC, USAF
I
b. PAOJEC T NO ' SM!-TR-66-34
c Task No. 775303 ! &b OTHEII "JPOi'IT NO(SJ (.-\ny othe r numb•ro U.et m•y b• eu/fned
lhi• ,.port
I
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I 0 A" A II. ABIL.ITY ' L.lloiiTATION NOTICES
DD •
fORM
J AN 84 1473 Unclassified
Unclassified
St>c-unty Clas s lftcatlon
LI ... K A LiNK B
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L INY. C
Kf.' 'O!ORO~
ROI.E \ «T ROI.t l WT RO l. E WT
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Dental kit
I
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Space flight, dental care
INSTRUCTIONS
I. ORIGI~ATlNG ACTIVITY Enter the name and 1>ddresa
o( the <·ontractor . subcont r actor. granter, Orpartmrnt of De-
tense- acttvJ!y or oth("f' ore:antzat:on (corporlJtl' author) &s&ulng
1
1mpvs~J
sue~
1
:s b) s~t.ur,ty .. ; assif JLat ,o n, using s-tandard stn t ement-
the pflnct pal .. •thor ~~an ab~olute ma n1mum :re'l,uHement. : 12. SPO~SOR J N<, MILITARY AC TI \1TY Ent"' the nom" of
the departmental proJe< t <> ffl< e o r labvrator) opo nsonnq: (pay-
b. REPORT 0'-T::.. Enter th" dat~ o( th~ r ep o rt MS dM y.
: ln/1 ' '" ' th<" •esoeor • h ~nd deve l o pmml. Include address.
month. yeoar. or m o nth , year. If more th&.n <' n~ l"'teh."' app,..Brs
on the r~ n rt. use date of publ h . ut &<..•n. , l 1 ABSTRACT E n t~r an ah•tra c 1 gH 1ng a bne f a n d fadual
-;uP'Imorv 11 i th~ d o ~..urr.e n t 10d 1c etav(" o f tht- rt"po rt t''-"'!n though
7a TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES The I· td! P•~to c c. unl
11 may ~I• " app!'ar ~I · ~wht'r~ 1n the b o dy of t he technica l re
~h .. ~ uld ' " ll u w no rmal p~~tg J nat Jon proc cdure"o; , l. e . . t"ntt•r the
port tf addt'H'''a: c..pa ~ to l " rtoqutr~d a co ntlnuRtl On s h eet shalJ
nurrht'r o f j.Higt"a (o nhHnl n g 1nfo rmat10n. b~ Btl~ , h~d
•r, 'l1 JMBER Of REF, RENCES. Enter th~ t o tal number o!
It •.._ tu):hh df· \Hahl~· t htt: the ab~ tra C' t o f f lassafu•d r~ports
n•ft-u·n c t-s < l t~d \nth~ repor1. be un <: la,.,l(,..-d Ea t h pw r t'~rt&ph o f th~ .ahstnu I shal; end Wlth
1
II<> ( ONTRACT OR C.f'ANT NUMBER !! sppr ·>proal., . f' ntC'I' ~~tn u HiJ · ttfl •)n ., f th~ n •• luau;: ~ to ... ural.,. ~ l a"\ S ifHatJ<, n o t thf"' t n -
th,.. appiH ttb1~ number o f th~ l O:ltract or grant under whll h 1 f u rmwt a•'n 10 tht• par.-5itru~h rt-prcc;f"nted a~ ' TS rS J 1C" • o r t l'J
Thf" rt•p <, rt wa" WTtttPn. i Tht-r':" t"i n ~..l l 1mtf.t'' IJ " u n tht- lenKth t)f thc- abstract How
S!> . 8<. & 8<1 PROjECT NUM B ER En t er the appropnate i "'"r thf' '"to:K<>'t ~ d •~ngth IS l•• •m 1 SOt > 22S Wllrd5
mol1t•r~ d.-partmt"nl ld.,ntt h catton, •u~h 81
pr<>J..et n•Jmber. 14 KEY WORDS il.t"y "'ords a re te, hnt<&lly mea n ongfu l tenns
!.ubprole '- ! numbe r . systt"m numbers, task n umber, eh · ! o r sh o rt ph r a~e-s that <- h~Hac.. te rue o r~port end m ay be usf'd as
9<t ORIGIN A TOR'S REPORT NUMBER(SJ E n tt"r the offt- i 1ndt"l ,.nt t1 ~' h>r 'at.l cogmg the rt>port Key words must be
" aEll r~ o r1 numh~ r by ...·tuch the d ocumeont w_lll be tdrnt1he-d ! ,~le-t ttod ~ ~...that n o 'H'\ unty l 1MB3 1 h c all o n 1s re qu 1red ldenU ·
and ~,.u nfr l• Jied b) th e- O t 1il02llfl& 8 C tlVlt). fhJe nwmber muat !' (aer& , ~ 1.nh liS t"'q t.u pment mo dt-i d.e 1 t~8tJOO , tra de name, mlJtt&ry
~~ uruqu• t o 1h11 rep or t. pro )e< t '~de nail'<' . g• ographl< loc atton . May be us e d as key
w · rds bur walJ be (IJ II ••HNt"d bl a n tndh..au o n o f tec hn1c•l con·
<lb OT Hl:.R Rl::.PORT !'iVM!3F.R\SJ It the report haa bef'n I t•x• Th" assignment v f ltnl<s rules. and we111h ts 11 optiOn al
ah1ened any o the r report n umbers ' e1ther b) the o r •Q rn<ttor
o rb' rhe &J>.> n< o t) , also entl!r tlus number ( ~). Ii
10. VAILAB!LITY LIMITATION NOTICES Ent"' any ltm-
l: d ' l ns t.n f urth ~· r dl,SP.mt n &fl Pn <' f the tt""f\ o rt, o th~,. than th o se-f
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