Outcome

Organization’s Activities and Its Impact on

the Environment.

Direct and Indirect Impacts of Current Environmental Issues on

Frontier Foundry and Its Stakeholders

Topic introduction.
Jumrud industrial state is located in Hayatabad Peshawar. It’s the
biggest industrial area in Khyber pukhtoon khowa. In this
particular area many industries are running producing Goods and
services. On one side it is providing opportunities for employment
but on other side its producing pollutions, pollution, water
pollution, noise pollution and toxic wastes. Jamrud Industrial
Estate is not a specialized industrial estate; a wide range of
different industries coexists there. These industries range from
ceramics to match industries, and from ghee to pharmaceutical
industries. There are differing toxins and other gases that one
industry produce, and is harmful to other industry.
There is also a foul and pungent smell that is prevalent
throughout the industrial state.
These factors are very demoralizing to the employees, and
harmful for the industry, hence, no industry is safe form it.
They are also some serious problems and factors which should be
discuss shortly.

Gale:
Strong winds, due to raising deforestation, and the rising desertification rate of NWFP; strong
winds arise from Bara region towards the Jamrud Industrial Estate.
Frontier Foundry leaves its solid waste inside the facility, till its reaches a particular quantity;
and only after that, the waste is dumped in a bulk. FF by not have a covered solid waste facility,
suffers huge losses, especially from June to August, as the solid waste, mainly composed of
Carbon based powdered by-products, and calcium carbonate scum, clogs the machinery;
resulting in a halt of work for days, and additional cost of repairing, and cleaning the machinery.
This phenomenon has caused a huge negative impact on the profits of FF, causing hundreds of
thousands of Rupees of additional cost to in work halts, repairing, and cleaning of the machinery
from dust, a huge loss for organization and its stakeholders.

Fog:
Fog lurks above in most of the cities of Pakistan, during the beginning of November, till the end
of February due to little rainfalls.
Fog is a major problem for Frontier Foundry, as it;
• Damages Machinery
• Accelerates rusting of iron ore, and finished steel goods
• Decreases the visibility in the mill
• Moisten the solid waste, making it more toxic

Due to the nature of the work at the Frontier Foundry, the facility cannot be a closed one, so to
reduce the thermal dispersion, and avoiding the additional cost of air conditioning the facility to
control the extreme heat. The rusting of the metals and machinery especially comes at a huge
cost. It damages the steel billets, by rusting, adding a huge cost to clean them, the quality of steel
from rusted billets is not up to the standards, hence reducing the price of the steel. Machinery
maintenance also adds up to the costs in the mill, striking giant blows to the interests of FF and
its stakeholders.

Pollution
The rise in pollution adds on the lists of other negative impacts for organization and its
stakeholders.
The rising cost of medical expenses of the workers from the overall environmental pollution,
coupled with the pollution created at the steel mill is a huge cost for FF as it is responsible for the
healthcare of its employees.
There also a high level of employee turnover, and absentees at FF, resulting is huge losses for FF
and its stakeholders.

Fossil Fuels:
Fossil fuel, being a non renewable resource, is the main expense of FF. FF is a heavy machinery
complex that is highly dependent on coal, natural gas, and petroleum products. The rising cost of
these resources due to their fast depletion, has added a significant number of “zeros” to the
expense accounts of FF, resulting in minimizing profits for FF and its stakeholders.

Thermal Pollution:
Jamrud Industrial Estate is the hotbed of heavy machinery that emits huge amounts of thermal
pollution. The heat added to the already hot climate of Peshawar often results in machinery faults
due to overheating, resulting in the loss of huge amounts of money from FF and its
stakeholders’’ pocket for repairing, maintenance, and replacing costs and medical bills of its
employees.

Energy Problems
Due to the rise in population, establishment of new CNG pumps, plazas, and industry, and lack
of awareness of the general population about conservations and sustainability, there is a shortage
of electricity and gas in the industrial estate.
There are long power cuts, and gas halts throughout the year, affecting greatly the productivity of
FF.

Monitoring Organization’s Environmental Performance

We, in Pakistan, and especially in NWFP, live in the society that is sadly unaware and ignorant
of the environmental impacts of industries. Environmental problems are not considered as a
major issue to the general public living in this geographic location.
This attitude is also prevalent in the government. There have been many elaborate rules, laws
and acts about the environmental issues, but they are not enforced strictly.
Irresponsible industries have taken full advantage of this fact, and hence there is little effort by
the industries in Pakistan to improve their environmental performance.
Frontier Foundry is no exception. In its fifteen years of existence, it has been only once inspected
by the environmental agencies. It was found guilty of contributing in excessive pollution, and
source of many environmental hazards, however, sadly, there was never any serious action taken.
A penalty of Rs 0.5 million was implemented on FF, however, the payment of this fine is still
pending.

Given below are the standards by which steel mills should be monitored.
 European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
“Reference Document in BAT in the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry”. December 2001
a:Lower value where toxic metals are present
b Tar fume measured as organic matter extractable by solvent from total matter collected by membrane filter

European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
“Reference Document in BAT in the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry”. December 2001

European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
Environmental Monitoring

Environmental monitoring programs for this sector should be implemented to address all
activities that have been identified to have potentially significant impacts on the environment,
during normal operations and upset conditions. Environmental monitoring activities should be
based on direct or indirect indicators of emissions, effluents, and resource use applicable to the
particular project.
Monitoring frequency should be sufficient to provide representative data for the parameter being
monitored. Monitoring should be conducted by trained individuals following monitoring and
record-keeping procedures and using properly calibrated and maintained equipment. Monitoring
data should be analyzed and reviewed at regular intervals and compared with the operating
standards so that any necessary corrective actions can be taken. Additional guidance on
applicable sampling and analytical methods for emissions and effluents is provided in the
General EHS Guidelines.

Limiting the scope.

 Identifying the main pollutant agents.
 Factors which effect pollutions.
 Find out best and optimal solution for this major issue.
 Benefits of reducing pollution.

Literature review.
Air pollution control devices for gaseous and
particulate arsenic By
Lieve Helsen

Belgium environmental department head Lieve Helsen

worked on the lethal arsenic gaseous particles coming from
the production. She worked on the device which can be used
for the monitoring the lethal gaseous air coming out of the
industries. This device is under process but some successful
experiments have been achieved. So if the KPK (Khyber
Pukhtoon Khowa) Government help the department of
Environmental Economics (University of Peshawar) for
invention of such device with the help of which Regularity
department can have check balance on the Gaseous air
coming out of industries.

Minister of the Environment Leona Dombrowsky.

Leina dombrowsky is the Environmental Minister of Canada who
works for the first time along with eight members of Parliament
on the issue of Controlling the Pollution. Problem arises from the
interaction of river (St.Clair River) between two countries i.e.
United States of America & Canada, where industrial State is
situated (like Jumrud Industrial Area) where industrial wastes
along with toxic gaseous air are polluting both countries
Border side. So eight members come to the following
conclusion.

 Introduction of regulatory requirements for pollution

prevention plans, spill prevention plans including
multiple barriers, and spill contingency plans.
  A comprehensive risk-based approach to approvals, spill
prevention and management, notification and
enforcement.
 Regular review and revision of regulatory limits for air,
water and waste emissions.
 A legislative framework that incorporates economic or
other incentives to go beyond compliance.
 Regulatory requirements for operator training and
private laboratory accreditation.
 Review and restructuring of ambient monitoring
programs.
 Establishment of a Ministry analytical laboratory in the
Sarnia area.

Research Methodology.

For any research work research methodology is the key part

of doing research. For this research work methodologies are
mention below.

 Using Primary data & secondary data for this

Project.
This research will be conducted with both primary and
secondary data
For primary data, face-to-face interviews will be conducted
with the industrial and environmental experts and owners of
companies that operate in the jamrud industrial estate
In the interview, questionnaires will be distributed.

 Interviews

And then on the response of these questions, an in-depth

interview will be conducted for secondary data, literature,
newsletters, press releases, and annual reports of national
and international environmental and industrial agencies
and governments will be consulted.

 Conducting seminars.

Seminars will be conducted for public awareness. In

which country popular environmental economist, the
Doctors, the Owners of the firms will be invited. In which
discussion will takes place, about controlling air
pollution.

The environmental and commercial benefits to reducing waste for

Frontier Foundry

• Improved work environment, health and safety for employees

• Reduced regulatory compliance burden
• The reduction of waste will result in the reduction of toxic materials; the reduction of
toxic materials will in return reduce the medical expenses of workers, their turnover rate,
and their absentees, resulting in increase of productivity, and ultimately increase in
profits for FF.
• Savings on materials and disposal costs
• Marketing advantage of being “environmentally friendly"
• By reducing waste, Frontier Foundry will automatically make processes more efficient.
 • By reducing waste, Frontier Foundry will reduced overhead costs
• By reducing waste, Frontier Foundry will save in time and money and increased
competitiveness.
• Waste reduction reduces the overall need for virgin and recycled feedstocks, thereby
lowering the energy needed to acquire and process raw materials and recyclable
materials.
• When energy demand is decreased, fewer fossil fuels are burned and less carbon dioxide
is emitted to the atmosphere.
• Making goods from recycled feedstock’s often requires less processing and energy than
using virgin materials.
• Reduce methane emissions from landfills: Waste reduction and recycling (including
composting) divert organic wastes from landfills, reducing the methane they would
otherwise generate during decomposition. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that
contributes to global climate change.
• Increase storage of carbon in trees: Paper waste reduction and recycling reduce the
harvest of trees. Forests store large amounts of carbon that would otherwise enter the
atmosphere and contribute to the greenhouse effect.

References.

 http://www.ene.gov.on.ca/envision/techdocs/4771e.pdf.
 http://www.bmtfi.net/upload/product/201002/1265617490sfgti
qof.pdf
 http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?
type=RESOURCES&itemId=1079438276
 http://www.ene.gov.on.ca/envision/techdocs/4771e.pdf
 http://www.bmtfi.net/upload/product/201002/1265617490sfgtiqof.pdf
 http://www.ocfp.on.ca/local/files/Urban%20Sprawl/UrbanSprawl-AirPollution.pdf
 http://www.epa.gov/oar/caaac/aqm/aqm-06-16-05-litreview.pdf