New Era University

College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
Name of Student: Monica L. Buen

DRUG ORDER (Generic NURSING

TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON
Name, dosage, route, RESPONSIBILITIES /
NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Phenytoin sodium Dilantin Limit seizure Indications: CNS: ataxia, agitation, -Diminished seizure -Instruct client to
propagation by Treatment or cerebral edema, activity maintain good dental
PO (adults) Loading altering ion transport. prevention of tonic- comatose, dizziness, hygiene
dose 1g or 20mg/kg as Antiarrhythmic clonic (grand mal) drowsiness, headache, -Patient expresses
extended capsules in properties as a result seizures and complex nervousness importance of good -advise client to notify
3-4 divided doses of improvement in AV partial seizures. oral hygiene and physician if skin rash,
every 2 hours interval convulsants. EENT: diplopia, tinnitus regular dental bleeding, fever,
or as 450mg Contraindications: examination bruising or persistent
Hypersensitivity to CV: hypotension, headache occurs
propylene glycol. tachycardia,vasodilation -Patient does not
Alcohol intolerance. sustain injury related -Monitor renal and
Sinus bradycardia, GI: gingival hyperplasia, to drug induced hepatic function
sinuatrial block, 2nd or nausea, anorexia, adverse CNS reactions
3rd degree heart block constipation -Instruct client to
or Adams stroke -Patient and family avoid alcoholic
syndrome. DERM: pruritus, rashes, state understanding of beverages
hypertrichosis drug therapy
-Instruct client not to
GU: pink, red, reddish- discontinue
brown discoloration of medication abruptly
urine after long-term use
but taper off several
weeks
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
DRUG ORDER (Generic NURSING
TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON
Name, dosage, route, RESPONSIBILITIES /
NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Phenobarbital Luminal Depressant and Indications: Dizziness, headache, -Patient is free from -Remind patient to
anticonvulsant effects Short treatment of hangover, paradoxical seizure activity take drug only as
Take with food. may be related to its insomnia; long term excitation, GI prescribed and for the
ability to increase treatment of disturbances, allergic -Patient does not period indicated.
PO: Tablets nay be and/or mimic the generalized tonic- reactions blood sustain injury related
crushed and mixed inhibitory action of clonic and cortical dyscrasias. Sedation to drug induced -Inform client that full
with fluid or food. 100- GABA on nerve focal seizures; and depression may adverse CNS reactions effects of drug may not
320mg. Maximum impulses. As a emergency control of occur. Prolonged occur in 2-3 weeks
600mg daily. sedative, it may also acute convulsion; administration may -Patient and family except when loading
interfere with the preanesthetic occasionally results in state understanding of dose is used
transmission of sedation. folate deficiency and drug therapy
impulses from megaloblastic anemia. -Monitor drug level
thalamus to the brain Contraindications: closely
cortex. Pregnancy D.
Hypersensitivity to -Assess seizure
barbiturates, activity: type, location,
porphyria, severe renal duration and character
hepatic or respiratory
impairment. -Advise client to
change position slowly
to prevent orthostatic
hypotension
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
DRUG ORDER (Generic NURSING
TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON
Name, dosage, route, RESPONSIBILITIES /
NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Clonazepam Rivotril Potentiates action of Indications: Fatigue, somnolence, -Decreased seizure -Monitor drug levels
GABA, inhibitory Status epilepticus. muscular hypotonia, activity during initial
Give with food or milk. neurotransmitter, Epilepsy in adults and coordination treatment.
resulting in increased in focal seizures. disturbances,
Adult Initial: neuronal inhibition aggressiveness, -Caution patient to
1-2mg/day and CNS depression, Contraindications: irritability or agitation. avoid alcohol ingestion
especially in limbic Pregnancy D.
Maintenance: system and reticular Hypersensitivity. -Assess mental status
1-4mg/day formation. Neonates. Respiratory
insufficiency. -Assess seizures:
Maximum Dose: duration, location,
20mg/day intensity, aura

-Advise patient to
inform physician
before a dose is
increased or abruptly
discontinue
medication
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
DRUG ORDER (Generic NURSING
TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON
Name, dosage, route, RESPONSIBILITIES /
NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Carbamazepine Epikor Exact mechanism Indications: Diziness, ataxia, -Decreased seizure -Give food to minimize
unknown; appears to Epilepsy, acute mania; allergic skin reactions, activity GI irritation
Give with food. decrease polysynaptic maintenance for leukopenia, vomiting,
responses and block bipolar affective accommodation -Advise client to use
Adult: posttetanic disorder. Trigeminal disorders. Diplopia, sunscreen to prevent
100-200mg once or potentiation. and glossopharyngeal liver enzyme elevator, photosensitivity
twice daily. neuralgia and lighting hyponatremia.
tabetic pains. Episodic -Monitor lever
explosive disorder. function test
Alcohol withdrawal
syndrome. Diabetic -Assess seizure
neuropathy. Diabetes activity: type, location,
insipidus centralis. duration and character

Contraindications: -Teach client to take

Pregnancy D. exactly as prescribed.
Hypersensitivity. Do not omit or double
Severe hemic dose.
disorders.
Atrioventricular heart
block. Severe
bradycardia. History of
previous bone marrow
depression or a history
of intermittent
porphyria.
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
DRUG ORDER (Generic TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON NURSING
Name, dosage, route, NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT RESPONSIBILITIES /
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Valproic acid Depacon Anticonvulsant activity Indications: Hemorrhage, bruising, -Decreased seizure -Assess mental status
may be increasing Treatment of coagulation disorder, activity
Administer orrly with levels of y- generalized convulsive hyperammonemia, -Assess bowel pattern
food if GI upset occur. aminobutyric acid seizures, tonic-clonic sedation, transient -Patient does not before and during
(GABA) in brain, which (grand mal), absence alopecia, nausea, develop injury related treatment
Initially 15mg/kg body decreases seizures (petit mal), partial vomiting, indigestion, to drug induced
weight/day, may be activity. Other (focal and motor). increased appetite, adverse reactions -Monitor blood levels
increased by 5- possibilities include anemia, bone marrow
10mg/kg body acting on the Contraindications: suppression. -Patient and family -Tell patient that syrup
weight/day at weekly postsynaptic receptor Pregnancy D. Hepatic state understanding of should not be mixed
intervals until seizures sites to mimic or disease or significant drug therapy with carbonated drinks
are controlled. enhance the inhibitory dysfunction.
Maximum 60mg/kg effect of GABA. -Advice patient to
body weight/day report drug induced
adverse reactions

-Assess for
dehydration in
children

-Monitor hepatic
studies
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
DRUG ORDER (Generic NURSING
TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON
Name, dosage, route, RESPONSIBILITIES /
NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
Diazepam Nixtensyn Diazepam is a long- Indications: Psychological and -Decreased seizure -Monitor renal and
acting Premedication before physical activity hepatic function
May be taken with or benzodiazepine with anesthesia. Sedative in dependence with
without food anticonvulsant, minor or surgical withdrawal -Patient does not -Monitor respiratory
anxiolytic, sedative, procedures. Insomnia syndrome, fatigue, develop injury related activity
Adult: muscle relaxant and associated with drowsiness, to drug induced
2-60mg daily in divided amnestic properties. anxiety. Adjunct in sedation, ataxia, adverse reactions -Advise patient to
doses It increases neuronal seizures. vertigo, confusion, discontinue treatment
membrane depression, GI -Patient and family if psychiatric and
permeability to Contraindications: disturbances, state understanding of paradoxical reactions
chloride ions by Hypersensitivity; changes in drug therapy develop
binding to myasthenia gravis, salivation, amnesia,
stereospecific preexisting CNS jaundice, -Assess for patient’s
benzodiazepine depression or coma, paradoxical gag reflex
receptors on the respiratory excitation, elevated
postsynaptic GABA depression; acute liver enzyme values; -Assess the mental
neuron within the pulmonary muscle weakness, status of the patient
CNS and enhancing insufficiency or visual disturbances,
the GABA inhibitory sleep apnea headache, slurring
effects resulting in syndrome; severe of speech and
hyperpolarisation hepatic impairment; dysarthria, mental
and stabilization. acute narrow angle changes,
glaucoma; children incontinence,
<6 mth (oral); constipation,
pregnancy and hypotension,
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY
lactation tachycardia
DRUG ORDER (Generic TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON NURSING
Name, dosage, route, NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT RESPONSIBILITIES /
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
 New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY

DRUG ORDER (Generic TRADE / BRAND PHARMACOLOGIC INDICATIONS AND ADVERESE EFFECTS OF DESIRED ACTION ON NURSING
Name, dosage, route, NAME ACTION OF DRUG CONTRAINDICATIONS THE DRUG YOUR CLIENT RESPONSIBILITIES /
frequency,etc.) PRECAUTIONS
New Era University
College of Nursing

DRUG STUDY