Scope

♦ Introduction of Generation
Wireless Communication
Technology Overview ♦ GSM System Overview

♦ 3G Introduction

♦ 3G Standard

♦ UMTS System Overview

1 2

Introduction of Generation Generations

1G 2G 2.5/2.75G 3G
♦ Introduction of Generation

♦ GSM System Overview

♦ 3G Introduction
Analogue Digital Packet Multimedia
♦ 3G Standard Voice Voice Data Data

♦ UMTS System Overview

3 4

1
 System of Mobile Technologies 1G：Analogue Technology
1G 2G 2.5/2.75G 3G 1G Analog
NTT NTT
Voice only
Japan

Japan
PDC Limited Roaming
JTACS JTACS
IS-95B
Korea

Korea
IS-95C 1X Poor Security
Cdma2000
Americas

Americas
NAMPS NAMPS
Low Spectrum Efficiency
Asia/Pac

Asia/Pac
AMPS AMPS
GPRS AMPS
AMPS == Advanced
Advanced Mobile
Mobile Phone
Phone Service
Service
IS-136
WCDMA TACS
TACS == Total
Total Access
Access Communication
Communication System
System
TACS (FDD & TDD) TACS
Europe

Europe
EDGE NMT
NMT == Nordic
Nordic Mobile
Mobile Telephone
Telephone

NMT NMT

5 6

2G：Digital Technology 2.5G：Data Service Technology

2G Digital
2G 2.5G 2.75G
Voice + Data
Japan

PDC TDMA PDC PDC-data

Roaming
Korea

High Security IS-95B

Americas

14.4 ×8 kbps
CDMA IS-95C 1X
ANSI-41 Higher Spectrum Efficiency ANSI-41 ANSI-41

IS-136
Asia/Pac

TDMA
ANSI-41 PDC
PDC == Personal
Personal Digital
Digital Cellular
Cellular
9.05 – 21.4 kbps EDGE 8.8-59.2
cdmaOne
cdmaOne== IS-95
IS-95 CDMA
CDMA GPRS Kbps ×1 -
MAP
×1 - ×8
Europe

MAP ×8
IS-136
IS-136 == Digital
Digital AMPS
AMPS
TDMA GSM
GSM == Globile
Globile System
System for
for Mobile
Mobile Comm.
Comm.
MAP

7 8

2
 2G：Digital Technology (Con
(Con’’t)

• Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) specified by

♦Introduction of Generation ETSI:
- to replace the first generation analogue systems
♦GSM System Overview • American TDMA System (IS-54) specified by TIA
- to enhance the existing analogue system
♦3G Introduction -Dual Mode
• Japanese Personal Digital Cellular (PDC) specified by MPT
♦3G Standard -to enhance the existing analogue system
-Dual Mode
♦UMTS System Overview • CDMA Systems (IS-95)
-to enhance the existing analogue system
-Dual Mode

9 10

GSM System Overview GSM Network Architecture

PSTN / ISDN
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM )
• GSM digital cellular mobile radio was introduced into Europe
MSC MSC

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
in1992, the common European standard for a cellular radio
system.
BSS BSS BSS BSS

•
•
•

•
•
•
Background:
• 1982 - Conference of European Post and Telecommunications
(CEPT ) administration set up the “Groupe Special Mobile” to
derive the specification of a common European cellular mobile
system.

• 1986 - A decision was reached to implement a digital Second Generation Mobile Network Architecture
transmission system.
11 12

3
GSM Network Architecture (Con
(Con’’t)

AUC other VLRs

Base Station Subsystem (BSS) H
D
G ♦Introduction of Generation
EIR HLR VLR OMC

BTS other BSSs

F C B
♦GSM System Overview
A-bis Mobile
A
♦3G Introduction
Services
BSC Switching
BTS PSTN
Centre ISDN
Um (MSC) CSPDN
BTS
E
PSPDN ♦3G Standard
MS other MSCs
BTS:
BSC:
Base Transceiver Station
Base Station Controller
♦UMTS System Overview
HLR: Home Location Register
VLR: Visited Location Register
Basic Architecture of GSM OMC:
EIR:
Operation & Maintenance Centre
Equipment Identity Register
AUC: Authentication Center

13 14

3G Benefit
3G Technology Drivers
-- High Data Rate and new service
High Rate Data Service High Spectrum Efficiency
2,000
1G 2G 3G
Video Streaming
384

Data Transmission Speed - kbps

Still Imaging
144 Audio Streaming
Internet
Internet Mobile
Mobile
Goes
Goes Subscriber
Subscriber Text Messaging
128
Wireless
Wireless Explosion
Explosion
64
Voice E-Commerce
32

♦Mobile multimedia
♦Video telephony + conferencing 9.6
♦Email
♦Internet convergence
♦Packet data
0
15 16

4
 3G Benefits 3G Benefit
-- Quality of Service
“Service Quality” Principle in UMTS
Speech Examples:
Bandwidth Low Financial Transaction
♦ Higher capacity Delay
Quality
V. Low
Medium Bandwidth Maximum*
Connection Continuous Delay low/Med
♦ High data rates Quality (Error) V. High
Video Telephony Connection Burst
♦ QoS guarantees Bandwidth Medium
Delay Low (2 way)
♦ Enhanced services Med (1 way) Networked Computer Game
Quality Med/High
♦ Logical progression from 2G systems Connection Continuous Bandwidth
Delay
Maximum*
Low
Quality (Error) Medium
E-Mail & Files
Connection V Low Duty
Burst
Bandwidth Maximum*
Delay High
Quality (Error) High * For Maximum Efficiency
Connection Burst

17 18

3G Benefit 3G Benefit
-- Broadband Advantage -- Connectionless Advantage
Download Time Efficiency Due to Connection Overhead
Secs Not Including Connection Time
90
Photo (JPEG) 100
80 90
70 100KByte 80 E-Mail
60 83
70 10KByte Connectionless
50 % 60 Advantage
40 50
Broadband
30 Advantage 40
20 30
28 7 0.4
10 20
0 12 10
GSM PSTN ISDN GSM 2+ UMTS 0
GSM PSTN ISDN GPRS UMTS
9.6Kb/s 28.8Kb/s 64Kb/s 115Kb/ 2Mb/s Circuit Switched Connectionless

19 20

5
 ITU Requirements for 3G
3G License Status
(IMT-
(IMT-2000)
S. KOREA
ITU have been driving the provision of 3G systems for many years 3G Licenses: SINGAPORE
S. AFRICA

Where and When CHINA

♦ Data Rate：
HONG KONG
TAIWAN
JAPAN
• 9.6 kbps: Satellite mobility environment
• 144 kbps: Outdoor vehicle NEW ZEALAND

THAILAND AUSTRALIA
• 384 kbps: Outdoor on foot
NORWAY
• 2 Mbps: Indoor SWITZERLAND
CZECH REPUBLIC
PORTUGAL

♦ Capacity： BELGIUM
POLAND
• Larger than 2G system under only supporting SPAIN NETHERLANDS SWEDEN IRELAND DENMARK
voice.
FINLAND
UK GERMANY ITALY FRANCE GREECE

♦ Spectrum
• WARC-92 suggestion: 1999 2000 2001 2002
1885-2025, 2110-2220 MHz

21 22

Operator Migration Paths to 3G

CDMA Operator 2.5G 1X EV-

EV-DV
♦Introduction of Generation
IS95A IS95B 1XRTT 1X EV-
EV-Do
2000 3G
2G 3G
♦GSM System Overview

Operator 2.5G 3G UMTS ♦3G Introduction

iDEN
GSM EDGE
2G
TDMA
♦3G Standard
GSM 900
GSM 1800 GPRS
PCS 1900

9.6Kbps –14.4Kbps - 64Kbps - 144Kbps - 384Kbps - 1.4Mbps - 2Mbps ♦UMTS System Overview

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6
3G Standards Standards Organization
W-CDMA Standards CDMA2000 Standards
IMT-2000
3GPP,
3GPP,1998/12
1998/12 3GPP2,
3GPP2,1999/01
1999/01
♦ 16 proposals to IMT2000
by June 1998
3G
3Gtechnical
technicalspecifications
specifications 3G
3Gtechnical
technicalspecifications
specifications
•• Evolved
EvolvedGSM
GSMcore
corenetwork •• Evolved
EvolvedANSI/TIA/EIA-41
ANSI/TIA/EIA-41network
♦ 3 selected (ARIB, UMTS, network network
cdma2000) •• W-CDMA
W-CDMAUTRA(FDD
UTRA(FDD&&TDD)
TDD) •• Non-GSM,
Non-GSM,CDMA-2000
CDMA-2000
• All wideband cdma
♦ Convergence Organizational
OrganizationalPartners:
Partners: Organizational
OrganizationalPartners:
Partners:
Europe ETSI Japan ARIB US TIA •• ARIB,
ARIB,ETSI,
ETSI,T1,
T1,TTA,
TTA,TTC,
TTC,CWTS
CWTS •• ARIB,
ARIB,ETSI,
ETSI,T1,
T1,TTA,
TTA,TTC,
TTC,CWTS
CWTS
(UMTS) (W-CDMA) (cdma2000)
♦ Mobiles will be compatible
from a processor point of Motorola
Motorolain
inleadership
leadershiproles
roles Motorola
Motorolain
inleadership
leadershiproles
roles
view •• Plenary
PlenaryChairman
Chairman •• Plenary(Steering
Plenary(SteeringCommittee),
Committee),
•• Radio
Radioperformance
performanceWG
WGChairman
Chairman Chairman
Chairman
•• TSG-C(cdma2000),
TSG-C(cdma2000),Vice-Chairman
Vice-Chairman
3GPP 3GPP2 •• TSG-S(System
TSG-S(System&&Service
ServiceAspects)
Aspects)

China joined both 3GPP & 3GPP2 May ‘99

25 26

3G Technology Choice CDMA Standard in IMT-

IMT-2000
Europe
• UMTS - Complementary
Americas, Asia Pac to GSM networks ♦ CDMA Standard in IMT-2000
• CDMA FDD
• Air Interface: W-CDMA
• cdma2000 -- Compatible Japan
• Separate operator &
with cdmaOne
• W-CDMA for GSM1900
service provider • W-CDMA (DoCoMo/ • CDMA TDD, including TD-SCDMA
• JPhone )
• cdma2000 (DDI/IDO)

Korea CDMA FDD CDMA TDD

3GPP
3GPP • W-CDMA and/or
to
tostandardize
standardize cdma2000 CDMA CDMA UTRA TD-
W-CDMA
W-CDMA • K-MAP network
MC DS TDD SCDMA
evolution
3GPP2
3GPP2
to
tostandardize
standardize
cdma2000
cdma2000
27 28

7
UMTS Standards Release 99 Features

♦ UMTS being standardised by 3GPP ♦ First version of UMTS

♦ http://www.3gpp.org (Ignoring early Japanese version of standard)
♦ Originally a European proposal from ETSI ♦ Migration path from pre-3G technologies such as…
♦ Now with world-wide standards inputs ♦ GSM
♦ Releases ♦ GPRS
♦ Release 1999 (R99) ♦ EDGE
♦ Release 4 ♦ FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) mode
♦ Release 5 ♦ TDD (Time Division Duplex) mode
♦ etc... • Implementations initially limited
♦ New RAN, evolution of Core Network
♦ Standards now becoming stable (mid 2001)

29 30

UMTS Release 4 and Beyond UMTS System Overview

♦Introduction of Generation
♦ Release 4 enhancements and new features examples
♦ IP based network / interfaces
♦GSM System Overview
♦ Voice over IP (VoIP)
♦ IP-Multimedia support

♦ Future release plans ♦3G Introduction

♦ TD-SCDMA
♦ HSDPA ♦3G Standard
♦ Speeds up to 2 Mbps

♦UMTS System Overview

31 32

8
 UMTS Architecture UMTS Architecture - UTRAN
UTRAN Core Network UTRAN Core Network
♦ Two distinct parts Function
• Access Network (UTRAN) Provides the radio access
• Core Network (CN) MSC MSC Manages local mobility
RNC Iu-CS RNC
♦ Connected via the lu HLR
Provides backhaul transmission
HLR
Iur Iu Iu
interface Iub AuC AuC

♦ Radio functions are RNC Iu-PS Characteristics RNC

Uu SGSN GGSN
managed in the UTRAN Significant change from 2G systems
not Core Network Provides open interfaces internally
NodeB OMCu
UE UE

Key
KeyInterfaces
Interfaces Nodes
Nodes
•• Iu
Iu --Reference
Referencepoint
pointbetween
betweenaccess
access and
and •• UE
UE --User
User Equipment
Equipment(Mobile
(Mobile––MS)
MS)
serving
servingnetwork
network domains
domains (link)
(link) •• NodeB
NodeB --Logical
Logicalnode
nodein
inthe
theRNS
RNSresponsible
responsiblefor
for radio
radioTx
Tx&&Rx
Rx(BTS)
(BTS)
•• Iu-CS
Iu-CS--IuIutowards
towards the
theCircuit
CircuitSwitch
SwitchDomain
Domain •• RNC
RNC --Radio
RadioNetwork
Network Controller
Controller (BSC)
(BSC)
•• Iu-PS
Iu-PS --Iu
Iutowards
towards the
thePacket
PacketSwitch
SwitchDomain
Domain •• OMC-u
OMC-u --Operations
Operations and
andMaintenance
MaintenanceCenter
Center UMTS
UMTS
•• Iub
Iub - Iu between the RNC and the NodeBB
- Iu between the RNC and the Node
•• Iur
Iur - Iu between the RNCs
- Iu between the RNCs
•• Uu
Uu --UMTSUMTSradio
radiointerface
interface
33 34

UTRAN Components UMTS Architecture – CN

♦ RNC (Radio Network Controller) Function UTRAN Core Network
• Radio functionality User Identification Management
• Radio control Control of Network Services and MSC MSC
Features
♦ Node B RNC
Switching and Transmission Iu HLR
• Radio transmission AuC
• Radio reception
RNC
♦ RNS (Radio Network Subsystem) Characteristics SGSN GGSN

• All radio functions (no radio functions in the CN) Evolution from 2G network
(GSM, GPRS, EDGE, etc…)
• RNS = (1 RNC) + (1 Node B) -- similar to BSS UE
Connection between the
Core Network and UTRAN Nodes
Nodes
UMTS OMC-U via circuit or
Mobile Uu Iub packet switching •• MSC-u
MSC-u --UMTS
UMTScapable
capableMobile
MobileSwitching
SwitchingCenter
Center
Iu-cs Migration to IP •• SGSN-u
SGSN-u --UMTS
UMTScapable
capableServing
ServingGPRS
GPRSSupport
SupportNode
Node
UMTS Node
MSCu •• GGSN --Gateway
B GGSN GatewayGPRS
GPRSSupport
SupportNode
Node
•• C7
C7Gateway
Gateway --Signaling
SignalingGateway
Gatewaybetween
between MSCs
MSCs
UMTS RNC
Mobile Uu Iub Iu-ps
UMTS Node GSNu
B 35 36

9
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