Professional Documents
Culture Documents
O
October
b 2010
10/14/2010 1
ALFANAR TRANNING CENTER
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Presentation of DC System
Introduction
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Presentation of DC System
Principle of Operation
• The main target is to provide an uninterruptible power supply to critical
AC and
d DC lloads.
d
• AC voltage from unit auxiliary supply is rectified to DC voltage. This
rectified AC is provided with a back-up battery system to supply the DC
loads.
loads
• DC voltage from the main DC bus bar is converted to AC voltage
through Inverter to provide AC loads.
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Main AC Supply
CVT Rectifiers
Battery
Main
DC
Panel
Inverter
DC
AC UPS Dist.
Panel Panel
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Modes of Operation
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Modes of Operation
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Modes of Operation
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Modes of Operation
OFF
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Modes of Operation
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Modes of Operation
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Presentation of DC/AC Inverter
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Inverter Operation Modes
Continuous Mode
• The AC loads are supplied from the DC source through the inverter.
• The loads will be switched back from the AC mains to the inverter
output after 30 sec when the inverter output voltage is again within limits
AC Mains
AC Output
DC Source
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Inverter Operation Modes
Standby Mode
• The AC loads are supplied from the AC mains during normal operation.
• The inverter remains switched on and kept synchronized to the AC
mains and operates with no load.
• When the AC mains voltage goes out of limits the load is transferred to
the inverter output within 12 ms.
• The loads are switched back to the AC mains automatically when the
voltage is within limits again.
AC Mains
AC Output
DC Source
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Inverter Panels
Manual Bypass
Measuring Devices
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Inverter Panels
Indication Leds
H8
H1 H6
H9
H2 H5 H7
H1 Umains>Unom-10%
H2 DC voltage within limits
H5 Uinv > Unom-10%
H6 « AC mains
i » switch
it h
H7 « Inverter » switch
H8 « Bypass » switch
H9 « Automatic » switch
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Inverter Maintenance
• Clean the inverter equipment with nothing more than an insulated brush
and a vacuum cleaner if that should become necessary.
• If fuses blow, replace them only with fuses of the same type and value.
• Check
Ch k th
the nominal
i l values
l off voltage
lt and
d ffrequency very occasionally.
i ll
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Presentation of Charger
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Charger Operation Modes
Floating Charging
• The Charger is keeping the battery in the floating status with a defined set
voltage per cell.
• The three phase 400Vac from the mains is rectified to 125Vdc supplying
the DC loads connected to the DC panels.
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Charger Operation Modes
Boost Charging
• The boost mode starts automatically after a battery discharge (in case of ac
power failure).
• The boost voltage value is adjusted to 138 v.
• The charger will switch over automatically to the floating mode (normal
operation) after the set delay time.
• The boost mode can be started also manually through the menu present in
the front LCD display.
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Charger Operation Modes
Equalizing Charging
• U
Usedd only
l ffor th
the commissioning
i i i charge
h off th
the vented
t d sealed
l d llead
d acid
id or
NiCd battery types to form the battery cells.
• Equalizing charge level consists of high DC voltage 144V with limited
current to around 240 A.A
• Equalizing charge must be used without load, only the battery bank is
connected to the DC charger.
q g charge
• Equalizing g starts manually
y from the menu p
present in the LCD display.
p y
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Charger Panels
DC Output
Voltage
Navigation
Indication Buttons
Leds
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Rectifier Maintenance
• The unit does not need to be maintained, however, check the following:
¾ Check the floating voltage and adjust, if necessary, through the menus
presents on the LCD display. Disconnect the battery before setting.
¾ Check the boost voltage and adjust, if necessary, through the menus
presents on the LCD display. Disconnect the battery before setting.
¾ Dust the unit every year.
¾ Replace the thyristor bridge fan every 5 years.
¾ Replace the chemical capacitors C10 on the rectifier output every 10
years.
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Presentation of Battery
Battery Concept
Half Cell
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Presentation of Battery
Battery Concept
• The chemical reaction occurs because potentials exist between two dissimilar
materials (lead plate and lead-dioxide plate) placed in an electrolyte (sulfuric
acid).
• Si
Since th
the voltage
lt off a b
battery
tt iis relatively
l ti l constant,
t t the
th capacity
it off a battery
b tt to
t
store energy is often expressed in terms of the total amount of charge able to
pass through the device Ampere Hours
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Presentation of Battery
• Th
The llead-acid
d id cellll consists
i t off a metallic
t lli llead
d anode
d and
d a llead
d di
dioxide
id (Pb02)
cathode, which are immersed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4).
• During discharge, the lead dioxide (positive plate) and lead (negative plate)
react with the electrolyte of sulfuric acid to create lead sulfate, water and
energy.
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Presentation of Battery
• During charging, the cycle is reversed. The lead sulfate and water are electro-
chemically converted to lead, lead oxide and sulfuric acid by an external
electrical charging source
source.
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Presentation of Battery
Separators
Special micro porous Positive Electrode
material for electrical Tubular
T b lar plates made
separation of the positive from special low
and negative plates antimony selenium alloy
Negative Electrode
Grid flat plate made from
selenium alloy
Container
10/14/2010 29
Presentation of Battery
Battery Data
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Presentation of CVT
Principle of Operation
• CVT stands for Constant Voltage Transformer.
• CVT is a voltage regulator. The main purpose of using a CVT is to
provide stabilized output voltage within certain limits.
• The voltage regulator consists of a fully electronic control circuit
circuit, a
motor driven variable autotransformer and a series transformer
(booster).
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Presentation of CVT
Principle of Operation
• The control circuit is connected on the output of the regulator.
• When the output voltage varies from a preset value, an unbalance is
detected by the control circuit.
• This unbalance signal is amplified and used to operate the servo driven
motor of the autotransformer.
• This movement gives to the series transformer the additive or subtractive
voltage necessary to have the correct output value.
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Presentation of CVT
CVT Data
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Presentation of CVT
CVT Data
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Presentation of CVT
CVT Data
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Si l Li
Single Line Diagram
Di (SLD)
Main DC
Panel
8EDED01
DC Dist
Dist.
AC UPS Panel
Panel
8EUEU01 8EDED02
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Incoming Feeders
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Outgoing Feeders
Measuring and
Inverter signaling
Spare
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Panel
Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Incoming Feeder
From Main DC Panel
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
Incoming Feeder
From Inverter/CVT
Continue..
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Presentation of AC/DC Panels
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