Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
PROJECT ON:
FINANCIAL SERVICES
PROJECT BY:
NAKUL.Y.MEHTA
SEMESTER-V
2010-2011
PROJECT GUIDE
Mumbai 400056
1
TYBBI
DECLARATION
---------------------- --------------------
2
TYBBI
CERTIFICATE
Signature of Co-ordinator
(Purvi Dholakia)
3
TYBBI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Any accomplishment requires efforts of many people & this work is no different. I
am grateful to the UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI to have introduced this final
project of our curriculum.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4
TYBBI
05.Significant factors
a.Bank
b.Insurance company
d.Stock markets
e.Mutual funds
f.Debt markets
h.Conglomerates
12.Portfolio management
13.Case study
14.Conclusion
5
TYBBI
15.Bibliography
6
TYBBI
FINANCIAL
SERVICES
INTRODUCTION
7
TYBBI
8
TYBBI
Arrangements of funds from financial institutions for the clients project cost
or his working capital requirements.
Planning for mergers and acquisitions and assisting for their smooth
carryout.
Promoting credit rating agencies for the purpose of rating companies which
want to go for public issues of debt instruments.
9
TYBBI
2.Too many controls over the prices of securities under the erstwhile controller of
capital issues
5.Strict regulation of the foreign exchange market with too many restrictions on
foreign investment in Indian companies.
10
TYBBI
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
FINANCI
FINANCIAL AL
FINANCIAL FINANCIA
INSTITUTIO L
INSTRUMENT SERVICE
NS MARKETS
S S
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.
11
TYBBI
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
FINANCIAL SERVICES
MEMBERSHIP REGISTRATION
MEMBERSHIP EXIT
MEMBERSHIP TRANSFER
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT :
ACCOUNT PAYABLE
FIXED ASSETS
14
TYBBI
REPORTING SYSTEM :
SERVICE MANAGEMENT
Teller functions – Tellers, Head tellers, Cash Drawer and Strong room cash
Management
The finance industry provides a number of services to the clients. There are
different types of financial services company to provide these services to
different commercial sectors as well as to the individuals. There are
different types of financial services like lending money for different
purposes, insurances, depository services, mortgage services, investment
services, credit rating services and many more. The different types of
financial services company jointly create one of the largest industries of the
world. There are a number of financial services companies in the world.
Bank
Insurance company
15
TYBBI
Conglomerates
Asset management - the term usually given to describe companies which run
collective investment funds.
Hedge fund management - Hedge funds often employ the services of "prime
brokerage" divisions at major investment banks to execute their trades.
2.BANKS
16
TYBBI
Banking services
Issuance of checkbooks so that bills can be paid and other kinds of payments can
be delivered by post
Provide personal loans, commercial loans, and mortgage loans (typically loans to
purchase a home, property or business)
Issuance of credit cards and processing of credit card transactions and billing
Provide wire transfers of funds and Electronic fund transfers between banks
Facilitation of standing orders and direct debits, so payments for bills can be made
automatically
Provide overdraft agreements for the temporary advancement of the Bank's own
money to meet monthly spending commitments of a customer in their current
account.
Provide Charge card advances of the Bank's own money for customers wishing to
settle credit advances monthly.
Provide a check guaranteed by the Bank itself and prepaid by the customer, such as
a cashier's check or certified check.
Private banking - Private banks provide banking services exclusively to high net
worth individuals. Many financial services firms require a person or family to have
a certain minimum net worth to qualify for private banking services. Private banks
often provide more personal services, such as wealth management and tax
planning, than normal retail banks.
Capital market bank - bank that underwrite debt and equity, assist company deals
(advisory services, underwriting and advisory fees), and restructure debt into
structured finance products.
Bank cards - include both credit cards and debit cards. ICICI bank is the largest
issuer of bank cards.
Credit card machine services and networks - Companies which provide credit card
machine and payment networks call themselves "merchant card providers".
18
TYBBI
BANK CARDS
AMERICAN EXPRESS
MASTER CARD
VISA
The Indian banking sector, despite the global crisis, is still fuelling the economy.
The total asset base of the 77 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) added up to
91.8 per cent of India’s GDP (at current market prices) through the financial year
2008.
According to a study report by Dun and BradStreet, around 80 per cent of the
overall assets of SCBs were accounted for by 22 leading banks with a balance
sheet size of above US$ 11.83 billion each. This included 16 Public Sector Banks
(PSBs), 3 Private Sector Banks and 3 Foreign Banks.
Deposits of private sector banks increased at a CAGR of 26 per cent during fiscal
year 2004–2008, compared to the total CAGR growth of 20.5 per cent by all SCBs.
Advances of private sector banks increased at a CAGR of 32 per cent against a
CAGR of 30.1 per cent by all SCBs for the same period.
Public sector banks accounted for above 66 per cent of the collective total income
(including interest income and non-interest income) of all SCBs.
19
TYBBI
Retail banking accounted for a 41 per cent share of the overall revenue generated
by PSU banks while it was 36 per cent for private sector banks, and for foreign
banks the share of retail banking also stood at around 36 per cent.
As per figures released by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), bank credit increased
by 24 per cent till January 2, 2009, compared to the 21 per cent growth in the
previous year. Credit to industry increased by 30.2 per cent till December 19, 2008,
against 24.9 per cent in the same period in the previous year.
Further, according to RBI data, lending by banks increased by more than 76 per
cent during April-November 2008, as compared to the same period an year ago.
With the credit growth, leading Indian banks are likely to increase their earnings
by around 40 per cent y-o-y in the December 2008 quarter.
Public sector banks are going in for a major image overhaul. With global banks
getting pressurised under the economic downturn, several companies and
individuals are digressing from private banks to state-owned banks. To make the
most of this situation, they are adopting new strategies and technologies to attract
more customers.
State-owned banks are now offering services like Internet banking and
personalised cheque books, and evaluation of loan proposals within a specific
period. Many such banks run processing centres and back offices. The State Bank
of India has even introduced two-faced ATMs.
Whereas, the Indian Bank has introduced wealth management services for its high
networth (HNI) clients providing various types of financial advisory and wealth
management services.
HSBC Bank was founded in 1865 to serve the needs of the merchants
of the China coast and finance the growing trade between China, Europe and
the United States. The origins of HSBC Bank in India can be traced back to
October 1853 when the Mercantile Bank of India, London and China was
founded in Bombay.
20
TYBBI
Through the 1990s, HSBC Bank blossomed into one of the leading
banking and financial services organizations of the world. As on June 30
2004, the Bank has over 110 million customers worldwide with assets over
US$1,154 billion. HSBC Bank has about 10,000 offices in 76 countries and
territories in Europe, the Asia Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East
and Africa.
Foreign exchange services are provided by many banks around the world. Foreign
exchange services include:
Currency Exchange - where clients can purchase and sell foreign currency bank
notes
Wire transfer - where clients can send funds to international banks abroad from
India.
21
TYBBI
3.INSURANCE
The insurance sector is one of the most promising sectors in India today.
23
TYBBI
India is the fifth largest life insurance market in the emerging insurance economies
globally and the segment is growing at a healthy 32–34 per cent annually.
According to a report by research firm RNCOS—'Booming Insurance Market in
India (2008–2011)'—the total life insurance premium in India is projected to grow
to US$ 259.72 billion by 2010–11. The general insurance sector is likely to grow at
a rate of 18 per cent in 2008, compared to 13 per cent in 2007. The 17 major non-
life insurers collected a total of US$ 840.27 million as premium in April 2008.
INSURANCE UNDERWRITING
Tata aig
25
TYBBI
26
TYBBI
5.STOCK MARKETS
Fund raising by India Inc through initial public offers (IPOs) rose by a whopping
62 per cent since the beginning of 2008 to 29 May, 2008 to US$ 4.2 billion, against
US$ 2.6 billion during the same period in 2006, according to global deal data
provider, Dealogic. Significantly, fund mobilisation during the first quarter of 2008
was the second highest for a quarter in the Indian capital's history.
In recent months, the Indian stock market has slowed down due to the global
economic turmoil. However, expectations of it rebounding soon are also high.
Further, according to global consultancy firm, Deloitte Haskins & Sells, the Indian
economy and capital markets are expected to witness a turnaround within six to
nine months.
According to the initial public offering (IPO) estimates for 2009, by Thomson
Reuters study, India Inc is likely to raise four times the proceeds it garnered from
the primary market in 2008. As per the study, India Inc is targetting to raise a
massive US$ 15.28 billion through public issues.
Furthermore, SEBI will be making it easier for companies to raise money from the
stock market, by relaxing eligibility rules to facilitate faster raising of funds from
existing shareholders.
Presently, only companies having had a market capitalisation of above US$ 1.97
billion in the last one year are entitled to this route. SEBI plans to bring down this
figure.
27
TYBBI
Private Equity
Among the most common investment strategies in private equity include leveraged
buyouts, venture capital, growth capital, distressed investments and mezzanine
capital. In a typical
leveraged buyout
transaction, the private
equity firm buys
majority control of an
existing or mature firm.
This is distinct from a
venture capital or
growth capital
investment, in which
the private equity firm
typically invests in
young or emerging
companies, and rarely obtain majority control.
Private equity (PE) players see are bullish on investing in India as a profitable
destination, expecting the inflows to be around US$ 5 billion-US$ 8 billion in the
coming year.
28
TYBBI
According to a survey by Deloitte during the last six months, sectors driven by
domestic consumption and infrastructure are expected to witness a lot of activity.
Sandeep Gill, managing director of Deloitte corporate finance, said, "We have
observed two key points, the competitive environment for investment opportunities
for PE houses is expected to ease during 2009, as smaller PE firms and hedge
funds exit the market. Second, the volume of PE deals in the market will be
dependent on how quickly promoters are willing to accept lower valuations."
The total number of PE deals during the first five months of 2008 stood at 170,
with an announced value of US$ 6.39 billion as against 159 deals amounting to
US$ 4.97 billion during the corresponding period in 2008. India is among the top
10 countries in terms of value of private equity deals across the world, according to
the global deal tracking firm, Zephyr. The sector is going to see a flurry of activity
and investments in the coming months.
Many companies have ambitious plans to enter the private equity (PE) business
and raise funds.
Other bigwigs planning fund raisings are the Tata and Aditya Birla groups with
plans to raise US$ 350 million and US$ 250 million, respectively. In August 2008,
Reliance Capital had announced setting up a US$ 1 billion PE fund.
Private equity firm, Actis has raised a US$ 2.9 billion private equity fund ‘Actis
Emerging Markets 3 (AEM3)’ for the emerging markets of China, India, Africa,
Latin America and South-east Asia. The fund will be pumping in US$ 1 billion as
investments in India over the next 3-4 years.
US-based Apollo Management, with an asset base of more than US$ 20 billion,
will be soon setting up shop in India. The PE firm has plans to spend around US$
800 million in investments in Indian and the US markets.
Tata Capital Ltd is planning to float a US$ 350 million private equity (PE) fund.
29
TYBBI
30
TYBBI
6.MUTUAL FUNDS
Since 1940, there have been three basic types of investment companies in the
United States: open-end funds, also known in the U.S. as mutual funds; unit
investment trusts (UITs); and closed-end funds. Similar funds also operate in
Canada. However, in the rest of the world, mutual fund is used as a generic term
for various types of collective investment vehicles, such as unit trusts, open-ended
investment companies (OEICs), unitized insurance funds, and undertakings for
collective investments in transferable securities (UCITS).
The growth momentum of the mutual fund industry continues in the new fiscal
year (2008–09). Fund mobilisation has increased by a whopping 77.4 per cent to
US$ 327.93 billion during April–June 2008, compared to US$ 184.81 billion in
April–June 2007. Consequently, average Assets Under Management (AUM) of the
31
TYBBI
mutual fund industry has increased to US$ 132.33 billion for June 2008, against
US$ 99.86 billion in the corresponding period in 2007.
Further, at approx. US$ 96 billion–US$ 98 billion in assets for February 2009, the
mutual funds (MF) industry has seen a sharp increase of about 8.7 per cent in
AUM since the previous month. This is also the third consecutive monthly rise in
assets for the industry as a whole.
As per SEBI, the mutual fund industry made an overall investment of US$ 2.14
billion in equities between January-September 2008. According to market sources,
the mutual funds industry has mustered an estimated US$ 1.24 billion during the
same period. In September 2008, the AUM totalled to US$ 1.10 trillion.
To improve the capital market, the government is likely to remove the restriction
on profit-making Navratna and mini-Ratna public sector undertakings (PSUs) from
investing in mutual funds.
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has put in over US$ 2.75 billion into
liquid funds of different fund houses. The amount was more than three times its
similar investments made in 2008.
Looking ahead, the Indian mutual funds market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of
18 per cent in the next five years, with the country's mutual funds assets expected
to more than double to US$ 298.73 billion by 2012, according to a report by US-
based financial services research and consulting firm, Cerulli Associates.
32
TYBBI
7.DEBT MARKET
Financial analysts and stock market quotes will generally not include other
types of liabilities, such as accounts payable, although some will make adjustments
to include or exclude certain items from the formal financial statements.
Adjustments are sometimes also made to, for example, exclude intangible assets,
and this will affect the formal equity; debt to equity (dequity) will therefore also be
affected.
Financial economists and academic papers will usually refer to all liabilities as
debt, and the statement that equity plus liabilities equals assets is therefore an
accounting identity (it is, by definition, true). Other definitions of debt to equity
may not respect this accounting identity, and should be carefully compared.
Due to the high volatility in the equity markets, Indian investors are choosing debt
market and mutual funds over equities.
33
TYBBI
According to an ASSOCHAM
report, around US$ 333.27
million was invested in the
debt market against US$
249.89 million in equities, as on
the third week of June 2008. The
report revealed that investors
favoured corporate bonds,
particularly debentures
issued by leading companies. The
debt market in India included
segments like government securities, corporate bond market, PSU (public sector
undertaking) bonds, and fixed deposits among others.
Significantly, the non-government sector is expected to grow from US$ 100 billion
in 2006 to US$ 575 billion in 2016, increasing its share in GDP from 10 per cent to
22 per cent.
34
TYBBI
35
TYBBI
In recent years, innovation has been the key word behind the
phenomenal success of many of the financial service companies and it forms
an integral part of all planning and policy decisions. This has helped them to
keep in tune with the changing times and changing customer needs.
Accordingly, many innovative financial instruments have come into the
financial market in recent times.
COMMERCIAL PAPER
TREASURY BILL
CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT
BILLS OF EXCHANGE
PROMISSORY NOTE
1. COMMERCIAL PAPER
2.TREASURY BILL
36
TYBBI
3.CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT
4.PROMISSORY NOTE
A promissory note is a written promise by the maker to pay money to the payee.
Bank note is frequently transferred as a promissory note, a promissory note made
by a bank and payable to bearer on demand. A maker of a promissory note
promises to unconditionally pay the payee (beneficiary) a specific amount on a
specified date.
There are originally two parties in a promissory note. The one who makes the
promise and signs the instrument is called the "maker" and the party to whom the
promise is made or the instrument is payable is called the "payee"
5.BILLS OF EXCHANGE
A bill of exchange or "draft" is a written order by the drawer to the drawee to pay
money to the payee. A common type of bill of exchange is the cheque (check in
American English), defined as a bill of exchange drawn on a banker and payable
on demand. Bills of exchange are used primarily in international trade, and are
written orders by one person to his bank to pay the bearer a specific sum on a
specific date. Prior to the advent of paper currency, bills of exchange were a
common means of exchange. They are not used as often today.
38
TYBBI
A bill of exchange requires in its inception three parties--the drawer, the drawee,
and the payee.
The person who draws the bill is called the drawer. He gives the order to pay
money to third party. The party upon whom the bill is drawn is called the drawee.
He is the person to whom the bill is addressed and who is ordered to pay. he
becomes an acceptor when he indicates his willingness to pay the bill. (Sec.62) The
party in whose favor the bill is drawn or is payable is called the payee.
The parties need not all be distinct persons. Thus, the drawer may draw on himself
payable to his own order.
A bill of exchange may be endorsed by the payee in favour of a third party, who
may in turn endorse it to a fourth, and so on indefinitely. The "holder in due
course" may claim the amount of the bill against the drawee and all previous
endorsers, regardless of any counterclaims that may have disabled the previous
payee or endorser from doing so. This is what is meant by saying that a bill is
negotiable.
10.CONGLOMERATES
39
TYBBI
40
TYBBI
41
TYBBI
Economic Liberalization
Investor Awareness
Low Profitability
Customer Service
Keen Competition
Global Impact
ECONOMIC LIBERALISATION
INVESTOR AWARENESS
LOW PROFITABILITY
42
TYBBI
CUSTOMER SERVICE
Now-a-days the customer’s expectations are very great. They want newer
products at lower cost or at lower credit risk to replace the existing one.
KEEN COMPETITION
GLOBAL IMPACT
Many of the providers and users of capital have changed their roles all
over the world.
43
TYBBI
Product Planning
Pricing Policy
Branding
Customer Service
Distribution Policy
Promotion Policy
Market Segmentation
PRODUCT PLANNING
In order to design and develop new products one should take the help
of market research to asses the needs of the customers, availability of
existing product and future growth in demand.
PRICING POLICY
BRANDING
Brand name very often signifies the market segments, inherent benefits
and investment objectives and also the customer’s loyalty. This process
consists of product name, designing brand policy like individual family or
corporate brand.
CUSTOMER SERVICES
MARKET SEGMENTATION
The financial service industries are expected to satisfy both rural and urban
customers, small and large-scale entrepreneurs, high and low earning
45
TYBBI
DISTRIBUTION POLICY
PROMOTION POLICY
Product Development
46
TYBBI
Channel Management
Appraisal Management
Branch Management
Brand Management
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
CHANNEL MANAGEMENT
APPRAISAL MANAGEMENT
To build the retail asset business in liaison with direct selling agents
and branch head in order to achieve the business targets for the region. To
identify and recommend suitable third-party agencies for marketing,
collection and verification of operations as well as to ensure quality of
credit portfolio and flow-up default cases.
BRANCH MANAGEMENT
47
TYBBI
BRAND MANAGEMENT
To develop strong brand name for the product and corporate image
for the company through various innovative devices.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
48
TYBBI
OBJECTIVES
49
TYBBI
CASE STUDIES
ICICI BANK
50
TYBBI
They put you on hold for 5 to 10 mins. (just imagine listening to the
same junk music/tone/adverts continuously), and then there is no guarantee
that you will get to speak to someone or your problem would be solved.
Infact, today I was put on hold for around 7 mins, and after that the call as
abruptly disconnected! Next time I call the call center, I get to speak to a
totally new person, and start from scrap describing the problem. The people
at the call center just promise to do things, and nothing actually happens. If
it happens, then you are really your luck.
HSBC BANK
Two days back RBI had put on its website guidelines for the bank’s
recovery agents and in it has warned the banks about strict actions would be
taken against them and even penalize the license of the bank but it seems
still the warning is falling on deaf ears. Again an incident of unruliness by
recovery agent of the bank has come into limelight. It is HSBC bank in
news. This time the victim is a professor of a reputed engineering college,
Prof J.S. Kalra. He has charged a multinational bank which allegedly sent a
pack of intimidating loan recovery agents to hound him. Kalra had taken a
51
TYBBI
loan of Rs 4.5 lakh to buy a Santro from the Noida branch of HSBC last
year. The incident took place in September but the 58-year-old professor. He
is hopeful of justice, encouraged by the recent strict guidelines issued by the
RBI against banks intimidating customers to recover loan. Even the Finance
Minister Pranab Mukherjee too has iterated that “strictest action” will be
taken against banks stooping to strong-arm methods.Prof J.S. Kalra of the
Delhi College of Engineering has filed his complaint against the bank. In his
complaint he told the police that the agents abused and beat him up outside
the Indraprashta University campus in north Delhi for delaying monthly
installments of a loan. They did not care to stop even after he told them that
he was a heart patient and that he had developed chest pain. “They even
threatened to kill me,” Kalra said in his complaint. Police have registered a
case of criminal intimidation against the loan recovery agents, allegedly
hired by HSBC bank. Devesh Chandra Srivasatava, deputy commissioner of
police (north) told the press “They got into Kalra’s car and refused to leave
till he paid the loan installments immediately. They hurled abuses, and beat
him up. When they saw Kalra developing heart problem, they left him”
52
TYBBI
Many of the financial services are provided by the employees of the firm
itself i.e. it becomes an internal or finance manager’s function. Otherwise
the firm would source it from an external agency.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
WWW.HSBC.CO.IN
WWW.ICICI.COM
53