FUZZY LOGIC BASED NANO ROBOT FOR CANCER

CURE

By
M.PRAVEEN KUMAR P.CHOUDESH VARMA
Asst.Prof, ECE dept. Asst.Prof, ECE dept.
SKTRMCE SKTRMCE
E-Mail:vijaypravin.2007@rediffmail.com E-Mail:varmagallery@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
The drawbacks of already The typical medical nanodevice will
existing cancer treatment in probably be a micron-scale robot
diagnosing and killing cancer assembled from nanoscale parts.
These parts could range in size
cells, is over come through
-9
from 1-100 nm (1 nm = 10 meter),
nanotechnology. At present
and might be fitted together to
nanoengineers use external make a working machine measuring
computer to control perhaps 0.5-3 microns (1 micron =
nanorobots. They also in need 10-6 meter) in diameter. Three

of human interface. This paper microns is about the maximum size

for blood borne medical nanorobots,
deals with utilizing a
due to the capillary passage
nanocomputer inside human requirement.
body to control nanorobots. 1.1.B.Shape and metamorphic
The magnetic .thermal, size surfaces

properties are utilized in fuzzy It is known that nanomechanical

logic to controlled nanorobots systems fundamentally differ from

systems of biological molecular
to detect and kill the cancer
machinery in their architecture
cells. The above mentioned
specifically, that nanomechanical
nanodevices along with fuzzy components are supported and
logic are used treat cancer constrained by stiff housings, while

cells effectively without biological components often can

move freely with respect to one
affecting other ordinary cells.
another. The likelihood that most
1. INTRODUCTION
nanoscale components will be
1.1 Basic designing of medical nanorobots
1.1. A.Size connected in rigid arrays does not
imply that the nanomachines centimeters (cm). The size of the
themselves must be entirely rigid in cancer helps to determine its stage.
shape, nor does it rule out the The nanorobots use intensified
possibility that some major magnetic property shown by these
nanomachine components may be cancer cells.
designed to allow periodic 3.1.Application of nanosensor
reconfiguration and repositioning. on diagnosing cancer cells
Nanodevices have a metamorphic
Cancer cells are diagnosed based on their
surface which can keep relative
magnetic property and locate their exact position
alteration in shape with or without
in human body. From the force of attraction
altering the membership of elements
these sensors differentiate between cancer and
in the surface, altering the enclosed
ordinary cell (even the ordinary cells have some
volume of nanomachine,
magnetic property but not as intense as cancer
maintaining structural integrity and
cells).
non-permeability of the surface.
Force N a n o s e n s o r s Pico Newton
1.1C.Chemical elements to
forces may be applied and must be detected by
construct nanorobots
medical nanodevices. Pendulum- and cantilever-
Carbon being strong and chemically based sensors may be used to probe nanoscale
inert is the principal element forces, to monitor the ambient gravitational field,
comprising the bulk of a medical to measure molecular-scale masses to single-
nanorobot. Hydrogen, oxygen, proton accuracy, and to discriminate among
silicon, etc. will be used for special molecules having different isotopic composition.
purposes in nanoscale gears and
Magnetic sensors The magnetic
other components.
sensors are mostly made
2. Differentiation of a cancer silicon molecule on which
cell from ordinary cell
fullerene element is pasted.
The cancer cells differ to ordinary These magnetic sensors,
cell in the growth, replication rates, which are some times
magnetic property and thermal externally, powered to
radiation. This is used in radiation exhibit their nanomagnetic
therapy to differentiate and kill property by which they are
these cells. Scientists at the attracted.
Institute of Child Health have As per the law of magnetic-
identified five genes that are force the nearby ordinary cell can
expressed only in the very early attract the nanorobot more than a
embryo, but also in cancer cells. distant cancer cell and may result in
Doctors measure cancers in fault diagnosing. As a solution, by
comparing temperature of normal cells. Inside the bubble are
cell to that of cancer cell difference ferromagnetic nanoparticles
is found. that exhibit a strong
ThermalNanosensors The ability inclination to align in the
of medical nanodevices to direction of a magnetic field
measure both absolute in animals aimed at
temperature and changes in demonstrating the selective
temperature is crucial for uptake of nanomedicines by
monitoring in vivo tumor cells. To exhibit the
physiological intense magnetic fields the
thermoregulatory mechanisms nanorobot must be near the
and intracellular energy cancer cell to move it we
transactions. Precision require motion sensors. The
thermal sensing is also magnetic property exhibited
important within nanoscale by cancer cells can be used
devices to provide corrective to steer nanorobots towards it
input for pressure, chemical, by allowing change of poles
and displacement sensors, if it is repelled by cancer
and to improve the stability cell or continuing with its
of onboard clocks. pole when attracted when

Displacement and Motion minimum of magnetic field is

applied.
S e n s o r s The ability to precisely
5. Communication of
measure position and displacement,
velocity and acceleration, rotation and nanorobots
orientation are essential requirements One of the simplest ways to send
for nanoscale locomotion, physical broadcast-type messages into the
manipulation, and navigation. But a body, to be received by in vivo
problem may arise in communication of nanorobots, is acoustic messaging.
these sensors. A device similar to an ultrasound

4. Designing of Nanorobots probe would encode messages on

acoustic carrier waves at
used to kill cancer
frequencies between 1-10 MHz.
The magnetic nanorobot is a thin
However, onboard power
silica bubble, the surface of
requirements for micron-scale
which can be customized
acoustic wave generators in water
using a peptide carrier group
dictate a maximum practical
to selectively target cancer
transmission range of at most a few
hundred microns for each individual The sensor signals are carefully interpreted and
nanorobot. Therefore it is required signals are given. The new central
convenient to establish an internal nanocomputer works on the principle of fuzzy
communications network that can logic. The central nanocomputer uses if then
collect local messages and pass process to calculate the position of nanosensor
them along to a central location, and the robot to identify and kill the cancer cell.
which the physician can then These fuzzy controllers use the size, temperature
monitor, using sensitive ultrasound radiation, magnetic field as its key factors to
detectors to receive the messages. determine the cancer cells. In basic they will be
Such a network can probably be 0.6-1.0. The already collected data of common
deployed inside a patient in less cancer cells is used to predict the cancer cell.
than an hour, may involve up to 100
6.1. B.Developing fuzzy-logic model (i)
billion mobile nanorobotic network
Analyze the cancer cells, making sure we
nodes, and may release at most 60
understand its property completely (ii) Defining
watts of waste heat is less than the
the cancer cell by identifying its membership
100-watt human body basal rate
functions (iii) Converting the language of the
.And other very important process
problem into a rule (iv) Set up an appropriate
is having a central computer from
procedure for fuzzification and processing the
which the messages inter
problem (v) Interpreting the model to evaluate
transmitted and control signals are
our results (vi) Fine-tuning of the results if they
forwarded from the central
are inappropriate or unsuitable.
computer to other robots including
the one which destroys the cell.

6.1.Controlling of nanorobots
by central nanocomputer
6.1. A. Fuzzy logic controller
 Fig.1. Fuzzy model to control
nanorobot

7. Membership function
The rules use the input membership values as
weighting factors to determine their influence on
the fuzzy output sets of the final output
conclusion. Once the functions are inferred,
scaled, and combined, they are defuzzified into a
crisp output, which drives the system. There are
different membership-functions associated with
each input, each output response. Fig.3 Membership function graph.

8.1. Formation of rule

If the linguistic variables are

found then we convert them into a
fuzzy rule.
1. If (mag >0.6) AND
(thermal > 0.6) AND (size > 0.6)
then it is cancer cell
There are nearly 27 possible outputs
Fig.2 Ordinary cell v/s Cancer cell
from which cancer is determined or
function graph. differentiated from normal cells.
First of all, the different levels of 8.2. Defuzzification
output of the platform are defined
by specifying the membership The MAX-MIN method tests the magnitudes of

functions for the fuzzy sets. The each rule and selects the highest one. The

graph of the function is shown in horizontal coordinate of the "fuzzy centroid" of

Fig.2.Along with magnetic property; the area under that function is taken as the

size, thermal radiations etc. are output. This method does not combine the effects

taken into account as shown in of all applicable rules but does produce a

Fig.3 to decide about cell. continuous output function and is easy to

implement.
9. Conclusion:
This paper completely deals with a nanorobot to
diagnose and kill the cancer cells using fuzzy
logic. The nanorobots have many more
application like artificial platelets supplying
power to phase maker, drug transfer to particular
site and more. The cancer, on treatment with [1] "Fuzzy Sets and Applications:

heavy magnetic field, has been proved to be Selected Papers by L.A. Zadeh", ed.

destroyed. This concept is enforced and R.R. Yager et al. (John Wiley, New

actualized. The silicon bubble is used to make York, 1987).

these robots. This could be done without much [2] "Fuzzy Logic in Control

difficulty. Still researches are going on to find a Systems" by C.C. Lee (IEEE Trans.

clear conceptual idea on nano robot control is to on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,

be found this paper gives a basic idea on this SMC, Vol. 20, No. 2, 1990, pp. 404-

regard. As far as this paper is concerned, we 35).

conclude that this nanotechnology can be used to [3] Engines of Creation: the Coming

decide our future in leading a healthy life. Era of Nanotechnology by K. Eric

10. References Drexler.