Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
CHARLES H. TURNER, ET AL )
Plaintiffs )
)
v. ) C.A. No. 10-12276-MLW
)
)
CITY OF BOSTON, ET AL )
Defendants. )
I. SUMMARY
and the March 15, 2011 special municipal election to fill Turner's
in this case. See Railway Commission v. Pullman Co., 312 U.S. 496
II. BACKGROUND
exist under the Charter of the City of Boston, adopted a new Rule
1
Rule 40A provides:
-2-
the Charter of the City of Boston, see Acts of 1951 c.376, §17, and
2011 and a special final municipal election for March 15, 2011.
under state law in removing Turner from office. They assert that
the Constitution, U.S. Const. art. I, §10, and his rights under the
-3-
equitable power to enjoin the February 15, 2011 special preliminary
this motion.
2
Massachusetts General Laws c. 279, §30 provides:
Pls.' Mem. Addressing the Issues Raised in This Court's Mem. and
Order of January 14, 2011, at 5. Similarly, defendants have
stated that:
-4-
not Turner was lawfully removed by vote of the Council on December
the special municipal election scheduled for March 15, 2011 has
rights under the United States Constitution that resulted from his
Judicial Court.
III. DISCUSSION
Defs.' Mem. of Law in Support of Their Opp. to the Pls.' Req. for
Inj. Relief, Declaratory J., or in the Alternative for Summ. J.
and Defs.' Cross-Mot. for Summ. J. at 22.
-5-
Council to remove a duly elected member from the city
council and the vote calling for a special election to
fill his seat . . . . Because the current electoral
process is seriously flawed due to votes taken by the
council that were ultra vires and based on invalid law,
the process must be stopped.
Defs.' Mem. of Law in Supp. of Their Opp'n to the Pls.' Req. for
-6-
Principles relating to the separation of powers and federalism
who at that time would have been white, rather than only a porter,
who at that time would have been black. Id. at 497-98. The
Constitution. Id. The Supreme Court held that respect for the
question of state law from the state court, and the importance of
-7-
The Pullman variety of abstention is appropriate in cases
presenting a federal constitutional issue which might be
mooted or presented in a different posture by a state
court determination of pertinent, but unsettled state law
. . . . Because the state adjudication might alter or
moot the federal constitutional question, Pullman
abstention serves a dual purpose: it "avoid[s] the waste
of a tentative decision as well as the function of a
premature constitutional adjudication."
Guiney v. Roache, 833 F.2d 1079, 1051 (1st Cir. 1987) (quoting
uncertain. See, e.g., Ford Motor Co. v. Meredith Motor Co., 257
Equal Protection, the Due Process and the Commerce Clauses of the
-8-
Id. at 88-89. After stating that abstention is appropriate where
169 F.3d 330, 332 (6th Cir. 1999). Finding the questions of state
-9-
Id. (citations and quotations omitted).
raised the issue of abstention itself and found the district court
state statute that only prohibited them from doing so during normal
working hours. See 866 F.2d 1042, 1043-45 (8th Cir. 1989). The
Id. at 1045.
317 F.3d 45, 62 (1st Cir. 2003). Cf. Bellotti v. Baird, 428 U.S.
this is not a case in which the central state law questions are
unambiguous.
-10-
use of it to expel Turner, exceeded the Council's authority under
not been decided by any state court. Nor are the answers to them
evident.
provides that the Council "shall be the judge of the election and
-11-
alterius, "mention of one thing excludes another," is "a suggestive
Laws c. 279, §30 does not necessarily preempt the field. See U.S.
Boston, 115 Mass. 383, 384-85 (1874). Peabody, however, did not
seat the winner of an election on the grounds that she was a woman.
present case. See id. at 387. Similarly, the Charter of the City
of Boston has been amended since Peabody was decided. The other
other Chelsea office); Caba v. Probate Court, 363 Mass. 132, 133-34
-12-
(1973) (addressing whether Agawam charter prohibited holding two
charter).
will determine whether its use to remove Turner violated his rights
not provided for at the time the criminal conduct occurred. The
See Hudson v. United States, 522 U.S. 93, 99 (1997) (two step
-13-
Since Pullman, both the Supreme Court and the First Circuit
for Official English, 520 U.S. at 77; Rogers v. Okin, 738 F.2d 1,
question for decision by the Supreme Judicial Court "if there are
Hundley, 603 F.3d 95, 98 (1st Cir. 2010); Robinson, 866 F.2d at
1043.
also justify certifying the state law questions in this case for
the January 14, 2011 Memorandum and Order, before Turner was
-14-
operation of M.G.L. c. 279, §30, there were factors that favored
elections, is for the most part a preserve that lies within the
conclusion that it was now most appropriate for this federal court
longer a factor.
-15-
promulgating Rule 40A and employing it to remove Turner, and on
abstaining.
IV. ORDER
1:03:
-16-
law?
this Memorandum and Order, the entire record of this case, and the
docket and documents from United States v. Turner, Cr. No. 08-
10345-DPW, which relate to this Memorandum and Order and are listed
on Exhibit A hereto.
EXHIBIT A
-17-
8. Jan. 13, 2011 Mem. and Order (Cr. Docket No. 345)
-18-
Publisher Information
Note* This page is not part of the opinion as entered by the court.
Plaintiff
978-475-1741 Email:
chesterdarling@comcast.net LEAD
ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Jeanne Ackerly represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Ernest R. Coston represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Diane Dujon represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Olga Dummont represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
-19-
Plaintiff
Louis Elisa represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Alma Finneran represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Michael Heichman represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Frederick C. Johnson represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Karl Jones represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Franco Marzurki represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Carolyn Jupiter-McIntosh represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Isaura Mendes represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
-20-
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Judith Richards represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
M. Daniel Richardson, III represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
Plaintiff
Sarah-Ann Shaw represented by Chester Darling (See above for address)
NOTICED
V.
Defendant
City of Boston represented by Lisa Skehill Maki City Of Boston Law
ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE
maribeth.cusick@cityofboston.gov LEAD
ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE
-21-
susan.weise@cityofboston.gov LEAD
ATTORNEY ATTORNEY TO BE
NOTICED
Defendant
Boston City Council represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Michael Ross in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Felix G. Arroyo in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
-22-
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
John R. Connolly in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Stephen J. Murphy in their official represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Ayanna Pressley in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
-23-
Defendant
Salvatore Lamattina in their official represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Bill Linehan in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Maureen E. Feeney in their official represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Rob Consalvo in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
-24-
address) LEAD ATTORNEY
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Mark Ciommo in their official capacity represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
Defendant
Matthew O'Malley in their official represented by Lisa Skehill Maki (See above for
ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED
-25-
-26-