A Descriptive Summary of Vickers

Inline Pumps and their Applications

Vickers Fluid Systems

 Index
Inline Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Identification Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Basic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Drive Shaft and Bearings
Bearing Size Minimized
Self-Aligning Spline
Cylinder Block
No Support Bearing Needed
Pistons and Shoes
Precise Pressure Balance
Low Cylinder Wear
Yoke
Shoe Bearing Plate
Piston Shoe Hold-Down Plate
Shoe Hold-Down Plate Retainer
Valve Plate
Decompression Phase
Shaft Seal
Rotating Sealing Element
Spring Assures Contact
External Sealing
Materials
General Application Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Reliability
Engineering Cooperation with Customers
Performance
Pressure Regulation
Stability
Temperature Range
Efficiency
Weight
Economy
Life
Service Cost
Reliability
Flexibility of Installation
Thru-Shaft Available
Operational Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Life
Normal Period of Operation
Efficiency
Effects of Inlet Pressure and
Temperature Extremes
Pressure
Temperature
Driving Speeds
Transient Response
The Speed at Which the Yoke Angle Is Changed
Pump Driving Speed
The Compliance of the Circuit
The Nature of the Load
The Use of an Accumulator
Minimum Accumulator Size Desirable
Inlet Pressurization
Types of Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Standard Types
Flat Cut-Off Type
Differential Cut-off Type
Electrically Depressurized Variable Pump
with Blocking Valve
Dual Range Control
Constant Horsepower Control
Provisions for Special Requirements
Servo Control
Intelligent Control TM
Application Performance and Installation Data . . . 20
3000 psi (207 bar)
4,000 psi (276 bar) and Higher
Performance Calculations
Typical Performance Data and
Installation Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Eaton Aerospace Worldwide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Inline Pump

1
 Coupling Shaft Screw
Shaft Seal
Direction
of Rotation

Sleeve

Control Springs Coupling Shaft

Spring Guide Mounting Flange

Shoe Bearing Plate

Seepage
Shoe Hold-Down Plate Drain Port

Hold-Down Plate Retainer

Yoke Pintle
Actuator Piston Bearing
Drive Shaft
Bearing Rear
Yoke
Piston Shoe
Piston
Sealing Screw
Drive Shaft
Housing
Pilot Valve Drive Shaft Bearing Front
Case Drain Port
Spring Guide
Spring Retainer
Compensator Spring Cylinder Block Spring
Cylinder Block
Spring
Seat Lift Limiting Washer
Retaining Ring
Outlet Port

Valve Plate

Inlet Port

Compensator Adjusting Screw

Lock Nut

2
Introduction
At Vickers Fluid Systems of Eaton Aerospace,
we know how important it is to listen. And
listening to our customers has shown us that
quality, reliability and performance are the
standards by which a company's products
should be judged.
Since 1921, Vickers has gained vast
experience in the design and manufacture
of hydraulic pumps. This is the heritage
passed on to our aerospace inline pumps.
Refinement of the basic inline pumping
concept has brought the industry a truly
superior series of high performance pumps.
This bulletin is a technical description
of the design and performance of the inline
pump series. Also described is the variety
of controls available.
Intended as a convenient reference for
the system designer, the bulletin provides
the necessary information to predict unit
performance and to select the proper type
of control.
Features and Benefits Smooth Operation
Low pressure pulsations minimize system
Low Cost disturbances and improve system life.
Lower cost per horsepower than other pumps
of comparable design. Economical Overhaul
Overhauls are economical because of the
Durable by Design minimum number of parts and the simplified
Generous bearing surfaces and reduced rotating group.
contact pressures result in a more durable
pump. Reliability
Simplicity and conservative design parame-
More Horsepower ters assure high reliability and the ability
Lighter weight and higher speed capability
to tolerate off-design conditions.
provide a much higher horsepower-
to-weight ratio. Low Power Loss
Compact rotating group and small anti-
Rapid Response friction bearing diameters result in minimum
Step changes from peak demands to power loss.
minimal flow can be accomplished within
50 milliseconds. Identification Code
Vickers Inline Series Pumps are identified
by model numbers that indicate the displace-
ment and design release number.
(see diagram below.)

IDENTIFICATION CODE
PV3-044-•• 2A
xxx-xxx-•• xx

Class 1
Model Description Changes in Sequential Order
Pump P A, B, etc.

Type of Displacement
Release
Fixed F 1, 2, etc.
Variable V (Modifications of the Standard
Model in Sequential Order)

Product Group Source Code

Inline 3 EA European
(Delete for USA Source)

Basic Frame Size

Displacement in cu. in./rev.
to the nearest hundredth
(0.44 in 3/rev. shown)

3
 Basic Operations
Figure 1

Retainer Ring
Cylinder Block Spring
Piston Shoe
Housing
Shoe Bearing Plate
Front Bearing
Piston

Drive Shaft

Shaft Seal

Coupling Shaft

Rear Bearing
Valve Plate

Yoke Spring Assembly

Cylinder Block

Yoke
Actuator Piston
Piston Shoe
Hold-Down Plate

4
The Vickers inline pump series is a family of
positive-displacement, axial-position pumps
designed to operate at either fixed or variable
displacement. Figure 1 is a cross-section of
the typical inline pump.
As the drive shaft rotates, it causes
the positions to reciprocate within the cylin-
der block bores. The piston shoes are held
against a bearing surface by compression
force during the discharge stroke and by
the shoe hold-down plate and retainer during
the intake stroke. The bearing surface is held
at an angle to the drive shaft axis of rotation
by the yoke (Figure 2).
Intake Stroke
As each piston shoe follows the shoe bearing
plate away from the valve plate, the piston
is withdrawn from the cylinder block. During
Figure 2
Valve Plate
Yoke
Cylinder Block
Piston
Drive Shaft
Stroke
this intake stroke of the piston, fluid is
supplied to its cylinder block bore through
the valve plate inlet port.
Discharge Stroke
Further rotation of the drive shaft causes
the piston shoe to follow the shoe bearing
plate toward the valve plate. This is the
discharge stroke of the piston and fluid
is expelled from its cylinder bore through
the outlet port of the valve plate.
Figure 3 illustrates the manner in which
piston stroke is controlled by the yoke angle.
Displacement variations that respond to
pressure changes to vary the yoke angle
are described on page 14.
Figure 3
Maximum
Pumping Angle
Drive Shaft
Minimum Stroke
Position
5
Drive Shaft
and Bearings
The drive shaft is a simple, single-piece
design held in accurate alignment by two
anti-friction bearings.
Bearing Size Minimized
The shaft is supported by radial bearings at
each end. Since radial loads (due to position
forces on the cylinder block) are distributed
between the two widely spaced shaft bear-
ings (front and rear, Figure 1), bearing size
is minimized, reducing friction losses. This
is especially important in high-speed appli-
cations where the fluid disturbance and
power loss in submerged bearings increases
appreciably with bearing rpm and time.
Self-Aligning Spline
The spline that drives the cylinder block
is a major diameter fit, crowned slightly
to provide cylinder block self-alignment.
Cylinder Block
Optimum hydraulic pressure balance
between the cylinder block and the valve
plate (Figure 4), ensures proper hold-down,
minimizes internal friction and reduces
torque losses.
No Support Bearing Needed
Radial loads resulting from piston reactions
are carried to the drive shaft through the
;
drive spline, eliminating the need for a
support bearing on the cylinder block.
;;
Consequently, losses associated with such
a large bearing are eliminated, in addition,
this kind of load support provides optimum
alignment conditions between the cylinder
;
block, valve plate and drive shaft, since fewer
;;;; ;;;
Figure 4 Figure 5
;;
;
;;
;
;;;; ;;;
;;
Cylinder
Block
Piston
6
mating surfaces are required to establish
the proper geometric relationships of these
components.
The effective center of the cylinder
block spline is located near the rotation plane
of the piston shoes to minimize movement
action on the cylinder block.
Pistons and Shoes
Stress analysis methods combined with
verification tests have been used to arrive
at an optimum piston-cylinder block design.
The Vickers design places special emphasis
on shoe design, since this is a critical link
in the efficiency, life and reliability of the
inline pump design.
Precise Pressure Balance
Precise pressure balance versus speed and
load capability have been achieved without
sacrificing efficiency and life. Thrust loads
on the piston shoes are controlled by pres-
sure balance to a point where the resultant
loads can be adequately supported by the
fluid film under their outer lands. (Figure 5).
Low Cylinder Wear
Since minimum piston engagement in
the cylinder block bore is designed to be
approximately two diameters, reaction forces
between the pistons and cylinder block are
minimized. This reduces bore wear so that
internal leakage remains nearly constant
with time.
Yoke
Extensive studies have been performed
on the yoke to provide a design with an
optimum deflection-to-weight relationship.
The yoke pivot centerline has been posi-
Figure 6
Piston
Shoe
Piston Pintle
Circle
CL
CL
tioned to allow optimum design of the actuat-
ing piston and control spring (Figure 6).
Shoe Bearing Plate
The use of a shoe bearing plate allows
simplified yoke design, accurate lapping
of the bearing surface and optimum
material selection.
Piston Shoe
Hold-Down Plate
During the inlet stroke, the piston/shoe
subassembly requires force to pull it out
of the cylinder block bore; this force is sup-
plied by the hold-down plate. It is driven and
guided by contact with the shoe necks, and
is held in place axially by sliding contact
with the hold-down plate retainer (Figure 7).
Shoe Hold-Down
Plate Retainer
The retainer provides positive retention of
the shoe hold-down plate during the intake
stroke.
This retainer is secured to the yoke
by screws to ensure optimum support of the
shoe hold-down plate and minimum retainer
loading in the areas where shoe lift forces
(intake stroke) are highest. The retainer
design and arrangement improve the high-
speed capability of the pump.
Valve Plate
Valve plate kidney port slots have been
designed to provide minimum power loss
and pressure pulsation throughout delivery
range. This is accomplished by designing
the valve plate porting and yoke geometry
Figure 7
Shoe Hold-
Piston Down Plate
Hold-Down
Plate Retainer
Yoke Shoe
Shoe Bearing Plate
so the piston chamber pressure is raised
to system pressure before opening to
the outlet port (precompression) and the
piston chamber pressure is lowered to inlet
pressure before opening to the inlet port
(decompression).
Decompression Phase
During the decompression phase, the energy
stored in the unswept volume of fluid at
system pressure is returned to the system
by motoring, rather than being lost by throt-
tling to inlet pressure.
Shaft Seal
Vickers Aerospace Products has developed
a shaft seal configuration especially designed
for use in all aerospace pumps. Benefits of
this design are longer life, greater reliability
and lower overall pump costs. This face
type shaft seal (Figure 8) is not a “package”
design, but is a combination of simple
elements. The elements most subject to wear
can be repaired at overhaul and the sealing
surface can be lapped, providing an inex-
pensive procedure for obtaining new seal
;;
performance.
Figure 8
Shaft Seal
CL
Retainer
Rotating Sealing Element
The simplified seal is made of high quality
material such as bearing grade bronze or
carbon. The major difference from other
seals is that the sealing element rotates
with the shaft while the heavier mating ring
is stationary in the housing. The seal assem-
bly is driven by two tabs on the retainer
that engage with the pump drive shaft. Static
sealing around the circumference of the drive
shaft is accomplished with the elastomeric
grommet, shown in Figure 8, which is held
in contact with the shaft by a garter spring.
Dynamic sealing is effected by forcing the
rotating element against the stationary
mating ring. Constant force is provided by
the wave washer; hydrostatic balance close
to 100% assures that its operation is unaf-
fected by a wide variation in case pressure.
Spring Assures Contact
Since the elastomeric grommet is held in
contact with both the shaft and the sealing
element by means of mechanical springs,
the effectiveness of the seal does not depend
on the elastic properties of the grommet.
Efficient sealing is not disturbed by the
effects of either age or temperature. Also,
Housing
Mating Ring
Elastomeric
Grommet
Drive Shaft
Spacer
Garter Spring
Wave Washer
because of the low mass of the elements
mounted on the shaft, the seal maintains
full contact, even in environments with high
vibration levels.
External Sealing
There are few external seals required in
the standard design, and in newer designs
none are subjected to high pressure. As a
result, the pump has fewer potential external
leakage paths. The structural integrity of the
single piece housing has been proven by
completing a 4-Life fatigue test (approx.
1,440,000 cycles). The design simplifies
maintenance tasks, reduces pkg weight, and
minimizes envelope requirements.
Materials
Materials are chosen for high strength,
long life and optimum performance. Materials
used in the standard design include bronze,
and steel for the rotating group and cast
aluminum for the housing and mounting
flange. The valve block may be steel, tita-
nium or aluminum. High performance pumps
generally use wrought or forged housing
and mounting flanges.
Sealing
Element
7
 General Application Advantages

8
The hydraulic pump that supplies power to
move the various loads of modern aircraft
and defense vehicles is a critical component.
Determining the best pump for the job
involves three basic considerations:
• Reliability
• Performance
• Economy
Reliability
The safety of an airplane and its occupants,
or the effectiveness of a missile, depends
on the proper functioning of the hydraulic
system. Realizing that product reliability is
the most important factor to the consumer,
Vickers sets this as the essential, guiding
objective in all design, manufacturing
and testing operations. This objective is
further supported by the Product Support
Department of Vickers Aerospace through
field and overhaul work and statistical
studies of pumps in use.
Engineering Cooperation
with Customers
Close and active engineering cooperation
with the customer is aimed at providing the
proper hydraulic circuit design necessary to
obtain the most reliable pump performance.
The wide use of Vickers pumps in all
kinds of military and commercial aircraft
and the record these pumps have estab-
lished over the past years are evidence of
the emphasis Vickers places on reliability.
Performance
Certain standards and details of performance
are required by hydraulic system designers.
How well a pump meets or exceeds these
specifications is obviously important. Vickers
inline pump performance is defined in these
five characteristics:
1) Pressure Regulation
System pressure is automatically held within
a given range for all flows from zero to full
flow. The regulation range may be chosen
to best fit a particular requirement and may
be as small as 3% of related pressure.
The regulation compensates for changes
in load demand, temperature and variation
in driving speed.
2) Stability
Recovery from step loads and load pertu-
bations is rapid, and pressure overshoots
are not excessive when proper circuit design
is employed.
3) Temperature Range
Vickers inline pumps are designed to provide
optimum performance in a Type II system as
defined by MlL-H-5440G, -65° F to +275° F;
(-54° C to 135° C) fluid temperature. Special
modifications for operation at higher temper-
atures can be provided.
4) Efficiency
Typical value of overall efficiency of Vickers
inline pumps at rated operating conditions
is 88%. Volumetric efficiency at rated operat-
ing conditions exceeds 96%. These efficien-
cies are maintained near these values for
long operating durations.
5) Weight
Vickers inline pumps have a high power-to-
weight ratio. For example, the PV3-115 pump
has a ratio of 4.5 hydraulic output horsepow-
er per pound (continuous rating), that rises
to 5.4 hp/lb for overspeed operation.
Economy
Economy involves original purchase price
and operating costs. Operating costs in turn
depend upon overhaul time, overhaul costs
and reliability or unscheduled removal rate.
Life
Vickers inline pumps have demonstrated
long life capability both in qualification test-
ing and in service.
Nearly all models have completed the
qualification requirements of MIL-P-19692.
The longtime durability has been further
demonstrated in a wide variety of applica-
tions and in other laboratory testing. One
example is the extended endurance test
of a PV3-115 pump, following qualification
to MIL-P-19692. The pump was cycled
between 10% and 90% flow at rated speed
of 6000 rpm and at continuous Type II
system temperatures. After 15,000 hours,
the pump was still capable of meeting new
pump performance requirements.
Figure 9
100
90
80
70
Efficiency - Percent
Input Horsepower
Horsepower
60
50
Output Horsepower
40
30
20
10
0
0 2500
A pilot of performance versus time is shown
in Figure 9.
Service Cost
The uncomplicated design of the Vickers
inline pump provides a unit that has low
overhaul cost. The man-hours required
for disassembly, maintenance operations,
reassembly and retest are minimal. Parts
costs are low and a minimum of inexpensive
overhaul tools are needed.
Reliability
The low wear rates, together with the added
structural margin provided in the design,
result in the ability of Vickers inline pumps
to withstand frequent off design operating
conditions of temperature, speed, pressure,
etc., without noticeable damage or perform-
ance deterioration.
Flexibility of Installation
An additional consideration when choosing
a hydraulic pump is flexibility of installation.
Vickers inline pumps have standard mounting
arrangements (QAD or bolt type) with a vari-
ety of inlet and outlet configurations avail-
able. The pressure control has been designed
as an integral component, reducing space
and weight. In addition, the pump design
is ideally suited to manifold type inlet-outlet
porting and the use of quick disconnect type
mounting.
Thru-Shaft Available
For systems where mounting pad availability
is at a minimum, Vickers inline pumps can
be provided with a thru-shaft and special
end cap. This feature allows additional
accessories to be mounted to and driven by
the Vickers pump, reducing engine mounting
pad requirements. Custom designing pro-
vides the package configuration that best
fits a particular application.
Efficiency & Horsepower Versus Time
Volumetric Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
Conditions
Theoretical Displacement 1.15 cu. in./rev.
Temperature 240°F (116°C)
Fluid MIL-H-5606A
Speed 6000 rpm
Rated Pressure 3000 psi
5000 7500 10,000 12,500 15,000
Time - Hours 9
 Operational Characteristics

10
Life Speeds of Vickers 3,000, 4,000 and 5,000 psi
The life of a hydraulic pump depends to a
great extent upon the operating temperature, Variable Displacement Pumps
the drive speed, and the pressure and flow Recommended Speed (rpm)
Pump Size
extremes to which it is subjected. In addition, Normal Maximum
cleanliness of the hydraulic fluid and suffi- PV3-003 18,000 22,500
cient inlet pressure are very important for PV3-006 15,000 18,750
assuring long life. PV3-008 13,500 16,800
PV3-011 12,500 15,600
Normal Period of Operation
PV3-019 12,100 15,100
The normal period of pump operation
PV3-022 10,000 12,500
between overhauls in aircraft application may
PV3-032 9,000 11,250
range from 1000 to more than 15,000 hours
PV3-044 8,000 10,000
of actual pump running time. For applications
PV3-049 8,800 11,000
involving operation at fluid temperatures
PV3-056 8,200 10,250
above 275° F (135° C), the overhaul period
PV3-075 7,000 8,750
may be shorter.
PV3-115 6,600 8,250
Efficiency PV3-150 6,000 7,500
Overhaul efficiency varies somewhat with PV3-205 5,900 7,400
drive speed and outlet pressure. This value PV3-240 5,300 6,600
usually exceeds 85% and may be more than PV3-300 5,000 6,250
90% at rated pressure and moderate speeds. PV3-375 4,800 6,000
During idle, the pump provides only enough PV3-400 4,400 5,500
flow to satisfy its own internal leakage. In the PV3-488 4,100 5,125
case of the EDV pump, in which leakage is
The above speeds depend upon the application, life required, duty cycle, temperature and other factors
circulated at low pressure instead of rated that should be evaluated by Vickers engineers for a given application.
pressure during idle periods, the power loss
is further reduced.
psi, 5000 psi and 8000 psi (276 bar, 345
Effects of Inlet Pressure bar and 552 bar) are being used in an
and Temperature Extremes increasing number of applications which
Inlet pressure will adversely affect effi- are at the forefront of hydraulic technology.
ciency when it drops below the critical inlet Dual range pumps provide two separate
pressure and causes cavitation. Extremes pressure ranges. (See Controls section,
of temperature also will somewhat reduce page 14, for description of compensators).
efficiency. At high temperatures the fluid
viscosity is lowered and leakage increases.
Low temperature increases fluid viscosity
Temperature
Temperature limits for Type II systems per
and increases windage loss. However, the MIL-H-5440G continuous full-life operation
oil quickly warms up as the pump operates. are -65° F to +275° F; (-54° C to 135° C).
The effect of temperature is minimal except Vickers standard inline units can be operated
at very high or very low extremes. within these limits.

Pressure Driving Speeds

Most Vickers pressure-compensated pumps
are designed for 3000 psi (207 bar) maxi-
mum outlet pressure at zero flow and auto-
matically limit the steady state pressure
to this value. During transient periods, pres-
sure surges may instantaneously exceed
this by about one-third or less. Full flow max-
imum pressures are usually 2900 psi (200
bar). Higher pressure pumps, especially 4000
The driving speed recommended for a
particular size pump is based on pump life
considerations.
The maximum speed values shown
represent an optimum compromise between
long pump life (lower speeds) and maximum
power output (higher speeds) and may be
exceeded under certain conditions.

11
Transient Response
When a sudden load change causes system
pressure to exceed the lowest value of
the pump's pressure regulation range, or
when a sudden load change occurs while
system pressure is in the regulation range,
the pump must rapidly adjust the output flow
to meet the new load condition. This requires
that the yoke be repositioned rapidly. The
time elapsed during the pressure change is
a measure of the dynamic response of the
pump and its associated circuit and load,
and depends upon the following factors:
1) The Speed at Which
the Yoke Angle is Changed
This is a characteristic of the pump. For
example, small yoke cylinder area and high
control value gain contribute toward rapid
yoke motion for both increasing and decreas-
ing displacements.
2) Pump Driving Speed
Pump speed affects time response because
the rate of flow is proportional not only to
yoke angle, but also to pump driving speed.
When pump speed is high, the output flow
will be high and pressure build-up time
will be short.
3) The Compliance
of the Circuit
Circuit compliance is determined by the
volume of oil under compression, the bulk
modulus of the oil (varies with temperature
and kind of fluid), elasticity of the lines and
whether an accumulator is used. Small oil
volume, high-bulk modulus, low-expansion
lines and absence of an accumulator con-
12
tribute to fast pump response. A given
flow change will result in a rapid pressure
change, causing the pump to regulate
rapidly.
4) The Nature of the Load
The nature of the load influences how rapidly
a change in load resistance or flow-control
is reflected in a change in system pressure.
Since changes in system pressure cause the
pump to regulate, the nature of the load is
a factor in the speed of pump response.
In general, if the load has a high resonant
frequency (low inertia, high spring rate, low
damping), response of the pump to changes
in load resistance or flow control valve set-
tings will be faster than in the case of a
low-frequency load system.
5) The Use of an Accumulator
Although the use of an accumulator decreas-
es the speed of pump yoke response, the
speed of load response is the important
factor. With an accumulator in the system,
flow will be supplied rapidly to the load when
needed, thereby contributing to fast load
response. Although the pump yoke reposi-
tions more slowly because of the accumula-
tor, the load does not sense the reduced
yoke response since the pump's function
is temporarily taken over by the accumulator.
Minimum Accumulator
Size Desirable
In order to keep the accumulator size at
a minimum, the pump response should be as
fast as possible. The size of the accumulator
determines the time during which it can
supply a given flow at a steady pressure.
If a pump requires a relatively short time
3000 psi (207 bar)
Inline Pump Series
to adjust flow to a new rate, a small accumu-
lator may be used or the accumulator may
be eliminated.
Inlet Pressurization
When a pump is driven at high speed with
insufficient pressure, cavitation may result
due to the vacuum created during the intake
stroke, and its sudden collapse. Also, when
flow demand is suddenly increased, the iner-
tia of the fluid in the inlet line can reduce
the pressure at the pump inlet below the
critical value and produce cavitation and
water hammer. This has the tendency to tear
particles of metal from the affected surfaces
with resulting erosion. The amount of inlet
pressurization required to prevent cavitation
increases with the pump operating speed,
as shown in the chart on page 59.
The chart shows recommended inlet
pressure for long life when operated in
MIL-H-5606 or MIL-H-83282 fluid. For
operation with phosphate ester based fluids,
inlet pressures higher than those shown are
recommended. Short time operation below
the recommended values can be accommo-
dated. Inlet pressure limitations of specific
installations should be discussed with the
Vickers application engineer. Vickers pumps
can be supplied with various control arrange-
ments, each particularly advantageous for
certain individual application requirements.
The pressure regulation characteristics of a
pump are determined by the type of control
employed.
Types of Controls

13
Standard Types
The standard control types are the “flat cut-
off” and “differential cut-off” compensators.
Flat Cut-Off Type
This control provides nearly constant pres-
sure through the entire flow range (Figure 10)
by limiting the system pressure increase to
about 3% from full flow to zero flow. It has
the advantages of nearly constant output
pressure, high power output, minimum size
and weight and fast response.
Description
A step-by-step description will give a better
understanding of what happens in the control
circuit of the flat cut-off type pump. For sim-
plicity, an ideal pump is described (one that
maintains a constant load pressure for all val-
ues of flow within the capacity of the pump,
except when there is insufficient load to build
up the pressure). Actually, as mentioned above,
pressure rises about 3% as flow decreases
from maximum to zero; this is caused by leak-
age from the control circuit and is important
for pump stability.
Refer to Figure 11. Assume that initially
there is no resistance to flow. This will give
zero system pressure and maximum flow
(yoke to maximum angle).
Increasing Load
As the load (resistance to flow) is increased,
the pressure rises and flow remains maxi-
mum until the pressure reaches the pressure
setting of the compensator valve spring.
(A pressure setting or rated pressure of 3000
psi (207 bar) is assumed here; however the
same description of operation also applies to
pumps of higher rated pressures.) Therefore,
Figure 10
Internal
Leakage
100%
Flow - % of max.
3%
0 Pi
0
System Pressure 100%
(% of rated)
14
3000 psi (207 bar) system pressure is
just sufficient to center the compensator
valve spool.
Flow Proportional to
Compensator Valve Opening
As further load increase causes the system
pressure to exceed 3000 psi (207 bar), the
compensator valve spool is moved downward
(as shown in Figure 11) and flow from the
Ps line is metered to the yoke actuating
piston. This flow increases with compensator
valve opening and therefore with system
pressure increase above 3000 psi (207 bar).
Control Flow Integrated
The yoke actuating piston integrates the
control flow; thus, the velocity of the piston
(and yoke) is approximately proportional
to the position of the compensator valve.
The rate of system flow reduction varies
with pressure above compensator pressure
setting.
The yoke angle is reduced until the
flow is just sufficient to give the set system
pressure.
At this point the yoke is in its new
position and the compensator valve spool
is centered.
Decreased Load
If the load is decreased, the system pressure
is temporarily reduced and the compensator
valve spool will be displaced upward, opening
the yoke actuating piston to case pressure.
Figure 11
Compensator
Valve
Case Drain
Outlet
Ps
High
Pressure
Compensator
Valve Spring
Inlet
Low
Pressure
Control
Pressure (Pc)
Pressure
Adjustment
■ (Pi) Inlet Pressure ■ (Ps) Outlet Pressure ■ (Pc) Control Pressure
The yoke actuating spring will cause the
yoke angle to increase until the flow is just
sufficient to again give the set system pres-
sure. The yoke is in its new position and the
compensator valve spool is centered.
Pump Leakage Flow Maintained
If the main line flow is completely blocked,
the yoke will be moved to near center, with
only enough displacement to provide the
pump leakage flow. The system pressure
will be maintained and the pump will provide
flow when required.
Ideal Cause Was Assumed
In the preceding explanation, it was assumed
that the pump has ideal regulation; that is,
no increase in supply pressure as flow
decreased from maximum to zero. As stated,
this is not obtainable in practice because of
leakage. Any leakage out of the control cir-
cuit requires an opening of the compensator
valve to replace the leakage and maintain
yoke position. An increase in supply pressure
is required to produce the compensator valve
displacement. Also, since a smaller yoke
angle requires higher control pressure (com-
pression of the yoke spring is greater), the
leakage increases which, in turn, requires
a greater compensator valve displacement
and, therefore, a greater increase in supply
pressure. A certain amount of control circuit
leakage is desirable, since it limits the gain
and helps to assure stable operation.
Pcase
Pump Yoke
Drive
Shaft
Yoke Spring
Yoke Actuating
Piston
■ (Pcase) Case Pressure
Factors Influencing Regulation
Other design constants influence the reg-
ulation, but leakage is the reason that any
regulation range exists. Factors tending to
make the static regulation curve more verti-
cal (higher gain) include low spring rates
(compensator valve and yoke), low leakage,
large areas (compensator valve and yoke
actuating piston) and high yoke centering
force.
Differential
Cut-Off Type
This type of control provides a somewhat
greater proportional decrease in pressure
as flow increases from zero to maximum
(Figure 13). A typical pressure regulation
range is 20% of rated pressure, e.g. 600 psi
(41 bar) for a 3000 psi (207 bar) setting.
Advantages include proper load division
in systems employing two or more pumps
in parallel, minimum transient pressure
surges and a high degree of stability.
Description
The following step-by-step description
explains how the differential type pump oper-
ates to automatically limit system pressure
and to provide a proportional decrease in
system pressure from the maximum to a
given pressure, as flow increases from zero
to maximum. The regulation range assumed
Figure 12
Compensator
Valve
Outlet
Ps
High
Pressure
Compensator
Valve Spring
Inlet
Pi
Low
Pressure
Control
Pressure (Pc)
Pressure
Adjustment
■ (Pi) Inlet Pressure ■ (Ps) Outlet Pressure ■ (Pc) Control Pressure
is 2400 to 3000 psi (165 to 207 bar).
The range can be altered to obtain optimum
characteristics for a particular application.
System Pressure Less
Than 2400 psi (165 bar)
Refer to Figure 12. The compensator valve
spool will remain displaced upward at system
pressure Ps less than 2400 psi (165 bar)
due to the preload of the compensator valve
spring.
With the compensator valve spool dis-
placed upward, the yoke actuating piston is
ported to case. Therefore, the yoke actuating
spring holds the yoke at the maximum angle
(maximum flow position).
System Pressure More
Than 2400 psi (165 bar)
As system pressure (Ps) exceeds 2400 psi
(165 bar) (due to increase in load), the upper
metering orifice of the compensator valve
opens and the bottom orifice closes.
Flow from the control pressure (Pc) line
enters the yoke actuating piston, compress-
ing the yoke spring and decreasing the yoke
angle. As the spring is compressed, the
control pressure, Pc, rises.
When the increase of Pc equals the amount
by which Ps exceeds 2400 psi (165 bar), the
valve will be centered to keep the yoke in its
new position.
Pcase
Case Drain Pump Yoke
Drive
Shaft
Yoke Spring
Yoke Actuating
Piston
■ (Pcase) Case Pressure
Flow Reduction Proportional to
Ps above 2400 psi (165 bar)
The yoke position is proportional to yoke
spring compression and to the increase in
Pc above case pressure. Therefore, reduction
of yoke angle and flow are proportional to
the increase in Ps above 2400 psi (165 bar).
Increasing System Pressure
Flow is reduced from maximum to zero
as system pressure increases from 2400
to 3000 psi (165 to 207 bar). Therefore,
when Ps is 2600 psi (179 bar), a rise of 200
psi (14 bar), the flow is reduced by one-third.
When Ps is 2800 psi (193 bar), a rise of 400
psi (28 bar), flow is reduced by two-thirds.
Decreasing System Pressure
When Ps is between 2400 and 3000 psi
(165 to 207 bar), any decrease in Ps causes
the compensator valve spool to be displaced
upward and oil in the yoke actuating piston
is ported to case, until Pc decreases enough
to allow the spool to return to the centered
position again. At this point the yoke remains
in its increased-flow position. Therefore,
the proportional relationship applies also to
increase of flow with respect to decrease
of pressure.
Summary
In summary, pump output flow is inversely
proportional to system pressure excess
above 2400 psi (165 bar), as the pressure
varies within the regulation range 2400 to
3000 psi (165 to 207 bar). Flow is maximum
for 2400 psi (165 bar) and less. Flow is zero
for 3000 psi (207 bar), except for internal
leakage flow to supply lubrication. System
pressure cannot exceed 3000 psi (207 bar)
(except for small transient surges during sud-
den load changes) and the pump will rapidly
provide flow when required.
Figure 13
20%
100%
Flow - % of max.
Leakage
0
0 System Pressure 100%
(% of rated)
15
Figure 14

Blocking Depressurizing Pcase Pump Yoke

Valve Piston Case Drain

Outlet
Ps Drive Shaft
High Pressure

Yoke Spring
Inlet
Pi
Low Pressure

EDV Solenoid Compensator Control Yoke Actuating Piston

(De-energized) Valve Pressure (Pc)
■ (Pi) Inlet Pressure ■ (Ps) Outlet Pressure ■ (Pc) Control Pressure ■ (Pcase) Case Pressure ■ EDV Pressure

Electrically This connects pump outlet pressure directly

Depressurized
Variable Pump
with Blocking Valve
This control further reduces the power loss
when the pump is on standby by reducing
system pressure to a lower value – example,
600 to 1000 psi (41 to 69 bar) by means
of an electrical signal.
Description
The solenoid valve (Figure 14) is normally
de-energized. In this position the pump
pressure compensator operates normally
to provide full outlet pressure. The blocking
valve is maintained in the open position
(as shown) for outlet pressure above e.g.
400 psi (28 bar).
Energizing the solenoid will port outlet
pressure to a depressurizing piston that
moves the compensator valve spool down.
to the yoke actuating piston. Since the con-
3) If the pump is depressurized during an
engine start, the peak torque of the pump
trol pressure required to hold the yoke in during startup is reduced. This is particularly
zero stroke position is only that necessary
to overcome the yoke springs, e.g.1000 psi
important if the pump is to be driven by an
auxiliary power unit or air turbine. It may be
(69 bar) for a 3000 psi (207 bar) pump, the impossible to start the power unit or air tur-
pump is depressurized to a 1000 psi (69 bar) bine unless this feature (or a flow bypass)
level. This results in a lower input torque to is incorporated.
the unit and a lower power loss.
High pressure is also ported to the
EDV Used with Either
spring chamber of the blocking valve when Type Cut-Off
the solenoid is energized. This hydraulically Although Figure 14 shows a flat cut-off
compensator, the EDV feature also may be
balances the blocking valve piston and allows
the spring to move the piston down to the used with the differential type. It has no
effect on the pump's regulation characteris-
closed position. The pump is thereby isolated
from the system. tics except when the solenoid is energized.
Since the driving speed of the pump is con-
The EDV/blocking valve feature has
three primary uses: tinuous and unaffected by depressurization,
the outlet pressure builds up very rapidly
1) It enables individual pumps to be taken
when the solenoid circuit is opened.
off the line during system checkout and facil-
itates troubleshooting system malfunctions.
2) It enables a disabled system to be shut
down in flight to avoid additional system
damage or to prevent loss of system fluid.

16
Figure 15

Compensator Pcase
Valve Case Drain

Outlet Pump Yoke

Ps
High Pressure Drive Shaft
Stop for High
Pressure Range
Stop for Low
Pressure Range

Compensator
Valve Spring

Inlet Yoke Spring

Pi
Low Pressure
E Pilot Pressure
Two Position Pc
Yoke Actuating Piston
Compensating Piston
■ (Pi) Inlet Pressure ■ (Ps) Outlet Pressure ■ (Pc) Control Pressure ■ (Pcase) Case Pressure

Figure 16
EDV Feature without Preload Determines
Blocking Valve System Pressure 100%
If the hydraulic system contains a check As previously explained, the preload on
Upper
Flow - % of max.

valve close to the pump outlet port and nor-
mal system pressure is maintained during
periods of pump depressurization, the block-
ing valve may be eliminated. This results in
savings of cost, envelope and weight.
Dual Range Control
This control provides two separate output
pressure ranges (Figure 16). Selection is
made by means of an external signal (elec-
trical, mechanical or hydraulic). It permits
the use of smaller hydraulic components
in systems that require short, high-power
demand periods. The dual range control also
reduces friction and leakage losses during
low-power demand periods. Extended pump
life is still another benefit.
the pressure compensator spring determines
the system pressure at which the pump
begins regulating. Compressing the spring
(increasing preload) causes the pump to reg-
ulate at a higher pressure, and conversely,
relaxing the spring (decreasing preload)
provides regulation at a lower pressure.
No Pressure at “E”
As seen in Figure 15, the compensator
spring is in the extended position (low pre-
load) when there is no pilot pressure at “E”.
This means that a relatively low system
pressure is required to overcome the spring
preload force and the pump will regulate
at its lower range.
Range
Lower
Range
0
0 System Pressure 100%
(% of rated)
Pressure at “E”
When pilot pressure acts at “E”, the lower
end of the spring is forced upward until a
stop is reached. The position of this stop
determines the amount of additional spring
preload and thus determines the system
pressure at which regulation in the higher
range occurs. The pressure at “E” must be
sufficient to hold the piston firmly against the
stop. This pressure can be provided from an
external source, or it can be supplied from
the pump output through a solenoid-con-
trolled valve.
17
Constant Horsepower
Control
This control limits power output to a given
value for a given pump speed and maintains
it at a nearly constant level within a given
flow range (Figure 18). It has the advantage
of keeping pump power source requirements
at a minimum.
The purpose of the constant horse-
power is to limit the maximum pump power
by beginning flow reduction at a given inter-
mediate system pressure (point A) and to
cause the pump to reach near rated pressure
at a given intermediate flow (point B).
Yoke Spring Preloaded
Refer to Figure 17, System pressure, Ps acts
at all times on area “H”. The yoke spring
is preloaded with a force equal to area
“H” multiplied by the pressure at which it
is desired to have flow reduction begin (refer
to point A in Figure 18). As system pressure
reaches this value, the preload is overcome
and further pressure increase will produce
a proportional decrease in flow. The rate of
the spring and the area “H” will determine
the slope from “A” to “B” (Figure 18)
Figure 17
Compensator
Valve
Outlet
Ps
High Pressure
Compensator
Valve Spring
Inlet
Pi
Low Pressure
Pressure Adjustment
■ (Pi) Inlet Pressure
18
Design Flexibility Allowed
This control allows considerable design
flexibility. As system pressure reaches a
value slightly less than rated, the compen-
sator valve opens, control pressure acts on
area “C”, and from point B to zero flow, the
pump operates as a basic flat or differential
cut-off unit.
Provisions For Special
Requirements
1) Integral Boost Stage
If your application requires the pump to oper-
ate at unusually low inlet pressure, a boost
stage can be added. This is a centrifugal
pump that permits operation at inlet pressure
well below atmospheric. A typical application
is an aircraft main engine pump with a mini-
mum inlet requirement of five psia.
The impeller adds to the length and
weight of the pump, but results in overall
system weight reduction and increased
reliability in applications where inlet pressure
may be quite low.
Pcase
Case Drain
Pc Area “H” (annular area)
Area “C”
Yoke Actuating Piston
■ (Ps) Outlet Pressure ■ (Pc) Control Pressure
2) Startup Bypass Valve
A simple, reliable, low-cost valve may
be incorporated in the pump valve block
to bypass flow and minimize torque during
startup. This is sometimes important to
reduce cranking torque of an engine or
startup current of a motorpump. The flow is
bypassed to inlet, at very low pressure, until
a given flow is reached; the bypass valve
then closes and remains closed until system
pressure is reduced to near zero, at which
time it opens and is ready for the next start.
Operation is completely automatic and self-
contained. There are no electrical connec-
tions and torque during startup is even less
than that of the EDV feature in the depres-
surized mode.
3) Pressure Pulsation
A pulsation damping chamber (attenuator)
can be incorporated in the valve block to
provide reduction of the outlet pressure
ripple. This adds to the envelope and weight
of the pump, but is justified for applications
where lower pressure pulsation levels are
essential and the required compressibility
is not provided by the load circuit.
Pump Yoke
Drive Shaft
Yoke Spring
■ (Pcase) Case Pressure
 Servo Control Intelligent Control TM

Servo Control of variable displacement Intelligent Control is a trademark for a

pumps is defined as a control where the out-
put is proportional to the input signal. The
output may be pressure or flow. The control
valve usually is an electrohydraulic valve but
could be direct drive, fluid, pneumatic or
other type valve.
There are two methods of servo signal
control for variable pumps and motors. The
first is used where only a variable pressure
setting is desired. This provides a variable
delivery component with a variable pressure
setting determined by the control signal.
The second method of servo control
is to vary the displacement of the pump
to provide flow proportional to the control
signal. This type of control is generally used
with a feedback network to control velocity or
position of an actuator, or speed of a rotating
device like a constant speed generator.
Vickers controller that can be used with vari-
able pumps or motors. This controller can
furnish all the characteristics of the controls
mentioned in this brochure plus additional
control capability such as position control.
In addition, the Intelligent Control has more
accuracy and flexibility. One control function
can be commanded with a single control
module. In addition to various control func-
tions, Vickers Intelligent Control has the
capability to provide diagnostics, built in test,
health monitoring and integrity testing. The
pressure and power control mode character-
istics in Figure 19 show the precise control
that is available with the Intelligent Control.
The control can also be programmed to limit
transient cavitation, reduce starting torque
requirements and control multiple compo-
nents. The Intelligent Control has been
designed to be central to a hydraulic energy
management system that will minimize
system heat rejection and reduce the total
system weight.

Figure 18 Figure 19

}
100%
A Region of
50
Constant 4000 rpm
Horsepower
Flow - % of max.

40
3200 rpm
Flow - gpm

30 2500 rpm
B
20
(Actual constant horsepower Rated
curve, QP = K, is a hyperbola Pressure 10
that is closely approximated
by the line AB) 0
0 1000 2000 3000
0
0 100% Pressure
System Pressure (psi)
(% of rated)

19
 Application Performance
and Installation Data

20
3000 psi (207 bar) Basic Model Characteristics of 3000, 4000 and 5000 psi Pumps
3000 psi (207 bar) has been the most com- Maximum TypicalSpeed
Speed Theo.Flow
Flowatat
Basic Maximum Typical Theo.
monly used system pressure for aerospace Displacement
Displacement (rpm)
(rpm) NormalSpeed
Normal Speed DryWeight
Dry Weight
Model
applications. Vickers has created variable No. in3/rev. mL/rev. Normal Max.Ov.Sp. gpm L/min. lbs. kg.
displacement pumps to meet the full range PV3-003 0.030 0.5 18,000 22,500 2.38 9.00 1.7 0.8
of 3000 psi (207 bar) power applications. PV3-006 0.061 1.0 15,000 18,750 3.96 15.00 2.4 1.1
Virtually all Vickers pumps have been PV3-008 0.08 1.31 13,500 16,800 4.68 17.72 3.4 1.6
qualified and sufficient testing has been per- PV3-011 0.11 1.803 12,500 15,600 5.95 22.53 3.7 1.8
formed to generate the typical performance PV3-019 0.192 3.15 12,100 15,100 10.07 38.12 3.7 1.7
curves shown in this section. The table to PV3-022 0.22 3.605 10,000 12,500 9.52 36.05 4.6 2.1
the right presents the basic characteristics PV3-032 0.32 5.244 9,000 11,250 12.47 47.19 6.0 2.7
for Vickers 3000 psi (207 bar) pumps. PV3-044 0.44 7.210 8,000 10,000 15.24 57.68 7.1 3.2
PV3-049 0.488 8.0 8,800 11,000 18.60 70.40 6.4 2.9
4000 psi (276 bar) PV3-056 0.56 9.177 8,200 10,250 19.88 75.25 7.1 3.2

and Higher PV3-075

PV3-115
0.75
1.15
12.29
18.85
7,000
6,600
8,750
8,250
22.73
32.86
86.03
124.4
8.9
11.5
4.0
5.2
Higher system pressures have been selected
PV3-150 1.50 24.58 6,000 7,500 38.96 147.5 15.0 6.8
for military applications and have been
PV3-205 1.80 29.50 5,900 7,400 45.97 174.0 19.8 9.0
in use for several years. These applications
PV3-240 2.40 39.33 5,300 6,600 55.06 208.4 22.5 10.2
normally require additional Vickers engineer-
PV3-300 3.00 49.16 5,000 6,250 64.94 245.8 28.0 12.7
ing involvement.
PV3-375 3.75 61.45 4,800 6,000 77.92 295.0 34.5 15.6
PV3-400 4.0 65.55 4,400 5,500 76.19 288.4 33.5 15.3
PV3-488 4.9 80.30 4,100 5,125 86.97 329.2 46.3 21.0

American Standard Metric Units

1) Flow Q = in3/rev. x rpm (gpm) 1) Flow Q = mL/rev. x rpm (L/min)
231 1000

2) Torque T = in3/rev. x psid (lb-in) 2) Torque T = mL/rev. x bar * (N•m)

2π 20π

3) Power (Shaft) hp = Torque x rpm (hp) 3) Power (Shaft) W = π x Torque x rpm (watt)
63,025 30

3a) Power (hydraulic) hp = gpm x psid (hp) 3a) Power (hydraulic) W = 5/3 x L/min. x bar * (watt)
1714
KW = L/sec. x MN/m2 (kilowatt)

* KPa/100 or 10 MN/m2 may be used in place of bar

Note: The above equations give theoretical values: that is, 100% efficiency is assumed. Actual pump outlet flow is less by
the amount of pump internal leakage, and input torque to the pump is greater by the amount of torque loss.

21
Performance
Calculations
The following efficiencies are given as a
guide for obtaining preliminary flow, torque
and power performance values for rated
speed and pressure. Since flow and torque
losses also vary with fluid temperature,
type of fluid and other operating conditions,
we recommend that a Vickers application
engineer be consulted before finalizing the
design parameters. This is especially true
if outlet pressure or pump driving speed for
the application is different from rated pres-
sure (3000 psi) and normal speeds listed
on pages 11 and 21. The curves on pages
24 through 56 give performance values for
most of the models at three different speeds.
Typical performance through the pres-
sure and flow range at 2/3 rated speed,
full rated speed and 125% rated speed are
shown (except for PV3-300 and PV3-375
for which the curves are at somewhat higher
speeds).
A generalized curve of recommended
inlet pressures for various pump speeds is
included on page 59.
FOR EXAMPLE
for a PV3-075 pump, using typical efficiencies:
Flow
To obtain the value of pump outlet flow, calculate the theoretical value using pump equation
number 1) from page 21, and MULTIPLY that flow by the applicable volumetric efficiency.
Subtract outlet flow from theoretical flow to obtain flow loss.
Qtheo = (.75 cu in/rev) (7000) rpm) = 22.7 gpm
231
Qoutlet = (22.7 gpm) (.96) = 21.8 gpm
Qloss = (22.7 - 21.8) = 0.9 gpm
(Multiplying by .96 Volumetric Efficiency)
Torque
To obtain the value of pump input torque, calculate the theoretical value using pump equation
number 2) from page 21, DIVIDE that torque efficiency. Subtract theoretical torque from input
torque to obtain torque loss.
Ttheo = (.75 cu in/rev) (3000 psid) = 358 lb•in
2π
Tinput = 358 lb•in = 389 lb•in
.92
Tloss = 389 - 358 = 31 lb•in
(Dividing by .92 Torque Efficiency)
Shaft Input Power
Shaft input power is calculated by multiplying input torque (obtained above) by shaft speed, and
dividing by 63,025 (see pump equation number 3 from page 21).

Pump Efficiencies at Normal HPinput = (389 lb•in) (7000 rpm) = 43.2 HP

63,025
Recommended Speeds. (389 ib•in is Tinput calculated above)
3000, 4000 and 5000
psi Pressures. Hydraulic Output Power
Efficiency Hydraulic output power is calculated by multiplying outlet flow (obtained above) by differential
Volumetric Torque Overall pressure, and dividing by 1714 (see pump equation 3a from page 21).
HPoutput = (21.8 gpm) (3000 psid) = 38.2 HP
5000 psi 4000 psi 3000 psi

Typical 0.96 0.92 0.885

(average) 1714
Minimum 0.94 0.905 0.85 (21.8 gpm is Qoutlet calculated above)
Typical 0.95 0.94 0.89
(average) Power Loss
Minimum 0.93 0.925 0.86 Power loss is obtained by subtracting the value of hydraulic output power form shaft input
power. Power loss can also be obtained by using either of the following equations:
Typical 0.94 0.95 0.89
(average) Power Loss = (Power Input) (1 - overall efficiency)
Minimum 0.92 0.935 0.86 Power Loss = (Power Output) ( 1 -1)
overall efficiency
HPloss = 43.2 - 38.2 = 5.0 HP
(also, HPloss = (43.2) (1 - .885) = 5.0 HP)
(and, HPloss = (38.2) ( 1 - 1) = 5.9 HP
.885

22
Typical Performance Data
and Installation Drawings

23
24
PV3-008

9000 rpm 13,500 rpm

3100 100 10 40 5 100 Volumetric Efficiency 10 50

PV3-008

Outlet Pressure Outlet Flow

3000 90 9 36 4.5 90 9 45
ncy r
Efficie ue ency
iciien
Effic
O verall orq 4 80 Overall Eff owe 8 40
2900 80 ut T 8 32 rsep
Inp t Ho
Inpu r
2800 70 7 28 3.5 70 owe 7 35
sep
t Hor
3 60 pu 6 30
60 r 6 24 Out
owe
rsep
50 t Ho 5 20 2.5 50 5 25
Inpu
er

Outlet Flow
pow
Horsepower

Horsepower
40 orse 4 16 2 40 4 20
tput H

Efficiency - Percent
u

Efficiency - Percent
O
1.5 30 3 15
Input Torque - lb. ins.

30 3 12

Input Torque - lb. ins.

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 2 8 1 20 2 10
que
t Tor
10 1 4 0.5 10 Inpu 1 5
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

13,500 rpm 16,800 rpm

3100 100 10 50 3100 100 20 50

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 9 45 3000 90 18 45
iency ency
Overall Effic Overall Effici
2900 80 e 8 40 2900 80 16 40
r orqu ue
owe Input T orq
o r sep er ut T
2800 70 tH 7 35 2800 70 Inp 14 35
Inpu pow
t Horse
60 pu 6 30 60 12 30
Out r
owe
rsep
50 t Ho 10 25
50 5 25 Inpu
er
Horsepower

pow

Horsepower
40 4 20 40 orse 8 20
Efficiency - Percent

ut H

Efficiency - Percent
Outp
30 6 15
Input Torque - lb. ins.

30 3 15
Input Torque - lb. ins.

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 2 10 20 4 10

10 1 5 10 2 5
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-008
PV3-008 inches (mm)

25
26
PV3-011P

8000 rpm 12,500 rpm

V3-011

3100 100 20 100 20 100 25 100

Outlet Pressure Volumetric
Volumetric Efficiency
Efficiency
3000 90 18 90 18 90 90
cy cy
cienncy
Effiicie
erarallll Eff
Overall Efficien OvOve
2900 80 16 80 16 80 20 80

2800 70 14 70 14 70 70

60 12 60 12 60 e 15 60
TToorqrquue
e InInppuutt
Torqu
50 Input 10 50 10 50 50
Horseep
poowwerer
Horsepower

InInppuuttH

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
40 8 40 8 40 10 40

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
sepower powwerer
epo
Input Hor OuOtp utt HHoorrsse
utpu
6 30 30
Input Torque - lb. ins.

30 6 30

Input Torque - lb. ins.

er Delivery
Deliver
Delivery
orsepow
Output H

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 4 20 4 20 5 20

10 2 10 2 10 10
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

12,500 rpm 15,600 rpm

3100 100 25 100 3100 100 20 100

Outle
Outlett Press re
Pressuure Outle
Outlett Pres ure
Presssure
3000 90 90 3000 90 18 90
Overall Efficiency
Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
2900 80 20 80 2900 80 16 80
r
2800 70 70 2800 70 owwere 14 70
tHHo
rseeppo
ut
InInppu r
60 15 60 60 owwere 12 60
e rs
rseeppo
Torqu u
t tp
p uutt HHo uee
Input OuO rqu
t Toorq
50 50 50 InInppuut 10 50
r
ppoowwere
Horsee
Horsepower

Horsepower
40 InInppuuttH 10 40 40 8 40
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
powwerer
epo
utt HHoorrsse
utpu 30 6 30
Input Torque - lb. ins.

30 30
Input Torque - lb. ins.
OuOtp

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 5 20 20 4 20

10 10 10 2 10
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
PV3-011P V3-011
inches (mm)

27
28
PV3-019
8100 rpm 12,100 rpm

3100 100 100

Volum
olumeetric
PV3-019

tric Efficie
Ef ncy
Outlet Pressure
3000 90 11 90
Efficiency
Overall Efficiency Overall Efficiency
80 140 10 80 140
Delivery
Deliver

70 120 9 70 120

60 ue 24
60 orque 24 100 t Torq 100
In put T Inpu

50 20 80 50 er 20 80
epow
Hors
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
Input

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 16 60 40 16 60
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

wer
rsepo
sepower ut Ho
30 Input Hor 12 40 30 Outp 12 40

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

wer
20 Horsepo 8 20 20 8 20
Output

10 4 0 10 4 0
Horsepower
Horsepower Loss
Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

12,100 rpm 15,100 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 3000 90
Overall Efficiency
Overall Efficiency 140 80
80 140

70 120 70 120
e
e Torqu
60 Torqu 24 100 60 Input 30 100
Input

50 r 20 80 50 25 80
powe
Horse er
Horsepower

Input

Horsepower
epow
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
16 60 40 t Hors 20
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 Inpu 60
wer wer
Input Torque - lb. ins.
rsepo rsepo
ut Ho 12 40 30 ut Ho 15
Outp Outp

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

40

20 8 20 20 10 20

10 4 0 10 5 0
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-019
PV3-019 inches (mm)

29
30
PV3-022
6600 rpm 10,000 rpm

3100 100 40 200 50 100 50 200

PV3-022

Outlet Pressure
Volumetric Efficiency
3000 90 36 180 45 90 45 180
Effici ncyy
icieenc ienccyy
Overall Eff Efficcien
Overall Effi
2900 80 32 160 40 80 40 160

2800 70 28 140 35 70 35 140

60 24 120 30 60 e 30 120
ue Torqu
t Torq Input
Inpu
50 20 100 25 50 25 100
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 16 80 20 40 wer 20 80
orsepo
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input H
30 rsepower 12 60 15 30 15 60
Input Ho wer

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Horsepo
er Output
20 rsepow 8 40 10 20 10 40
Output Ho
Delivery
Deliver
10 4 20 5 10 5 20
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

10,000 rpm 12,500 rpm

3100 100 50 200 3100 100 50 200

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 45 180 3000 90 45 180
Overall Efficiency
Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
2900 80 40 160 2900 80 40 160

2800 70 35 140 2800 70 35 140

60 30 120 60 ue 30 120
e t Torq
rqu Inpu
t To
Inpu
50 25 100 50 er 25 100
epow
Hors
Horsepower

Horsepower
Input
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 er 20 80 40 20 80
epow
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Hors Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input er
15 30 pow 15
30 60 orse 60
ut H

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

ower Outp
rsep
20 ut Ho 10 40 20 10 40
Outp

10 5 20 10 5 20
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-022
PV3-022 inches (mm)

31
32
PV3-032
6000 rpm 9000 rpm

3100 100 100

PV3-032

Outlet Pressure Volumetric Efficiency

3000 90 90 180
ienccyy
Efficcien
Overall Effi
Effic
Overall Ef ienccyy
ficien
80 16 160 80 e 160
ue rqu
Torq t To
t er Inpu
70 Inpu rsepow 14 140 70 140
t Ho
Inpu
po wer 60 r 24 120
60 orse 12 120 powe
ut H Horse
Outp Input
50 10 100 50 20 100
wer
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
rsepo

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 8 80 16 40 ut Ho 16 80
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outp

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Delivery
Deliver
30 6 60 12 30 12 60

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 4 40 8 20 8 40

10 2 20 4 10 4 20
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

9000 rpm 11,250 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 180 3000 90 180
Overall Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
80 160 80 160
ue rque
orq t To
ut T Inpu
70 Inp 140 70 35 140
er
60 r 24 120 60 epow 30 120
owe Hors
rsep Input
t Ho w
o er
Inpu rsep
50 20 100 50 u t Ho 25 100
er Outp
Horsepower

Horsepower
pow
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
rse 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 t Ho 16 80 20 80
O utpu
Input Torque - lb. ins.
12 30 15

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30 60
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60

20 8 40 20 10 40
Horsepower Loss
10 4 20 10 5 20
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-032
PV3-032 inches (mm)

33
34
PV3-044
5300 rpm 8000 rpm

3100 100 40 400 100 100 40 400

PV3-044

Outlet Pressure Volumetric Efficiency

3000 90 36 360 90 90 36 360
ienccyy
Efficcien
Overall Effi
Effic
Overall Ef ienccyy
ficien
2900 80 32 320 80 80 32 320
er
rse p ow
2800 70 28 280 70 70 t Ho 28 280
Inpu er
rs epow
60 ue 24 240 60 60 ut Ho 24 240
Torq Outp
t e
Inpu Torqu
50 r 20 200 50 50 Input 20 200
owe
rsep
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
t Ho

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 Inpu 16 160 40 40 16 160
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

r
owe
rsep
30 t Ho 12 120 30 30 12 120

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Outpu

20 8 80 20 20 8 80
Delivery
Deliver

10 4 40 10 10 4 40
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

8000 rpm 10,000 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 180 3000 90 180
Overall Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
80 160 80 160
ue rque
orq t To
ut T Inpu
70 Inp 140 70 35 140
er
60 wer 24 120 60 epow 30 120
epo Hors
Hors Input
t w
o er
Inpu rsep
50 20 100 50 u t Ho 25 100
r Outp
Horsepower

Horsepower
powe
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
orse 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 tH 16 80 20 80
Outpu Input Torque - lb. ins.
12 30 15

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30 60
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60

20 8 40 20 10 40
Horsepower Loss
10 4 20 10 5 20
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-044
PV3-044 inches (mm)

35
36
PV3-049
5900 rpm 8800 rpm

3100 100 100 Volumetric Efficiency

PV3-049

Outlet Pressure
3000 90 19 90
Overall Efficiency Overall Efficiency
80 280 18 80 Delivery 280

que rque
70 t Tor 240 17 70 p u t To 240
Inpu In

60 r 24 200 60 60 200
owe
rsep
t Ho
Inpu
50 20 160 50 50 160
wer
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
epo

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
ut Hors 40 40
40 16 120 120
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outp er
orsepow
Input H
30 12 80 30 30 80

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

wer
H orsepo
20 8 40 20 Output 20 40

10 4 0 10 10 0

Horsepower
Horsepower Loss
Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

8800 rpm 11,000 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 3000 90

Overall Efficiency Overall Efficiency

80 280 80 280
que
t Tor 240 70 ue
70 Inpu orq 240
ut T
Inp
60 60 200 60 60 200

50 50 160 50 50 160
Horsepower

Horsepower
er
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 120 40 epow 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 t Hors 120
wer Inpu
orsepo
Input Torque - lb. ins.
Input H e
w r
30 80 30 rsepo 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

ut Ho 80
r Outp
epowe
t Hors
20 Outpu 20 40 20 20 40

10 10 0 10 10 0
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-049
PV3-049 inches (mm)

37
38
PV3-056
5500 rpm 8200 rpm

3100 100 40 400 100

PV3-056

Outlet Pressure Volumetric

olumetric Efficiency
Ef
3000 90 36 360 90 320
ienccyy
Efficcien
Overall Effi
Effic
Overall Ef ienccyy
ficien ue
80 32 320 80 t Torq 40 280
Inpu
we r
o
70 rsep 35
70 rque 28 280 t Ho 240
t To Inpu o w er
Inpu rse p
r ut Ho
60 owe 24 240 60 Outp 30 200
sep
t Hor
Inpu
50 20 200 50 25 160
er
pow
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
orse

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
ut H 20 40 Delivery
Deliver 20
40 16 160 120
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outp

Input Torque - lb. ins.

30 12 120 15 30 15 80

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 8 80 10 20 10 40

10 4 40 5 10 5 0
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

8200 rpm 10,250 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 320 3000 90
Overall Efficiency
80 40 280 80 Overall Efficiency 320
ue
orq
ut T er
70 Inp ow 35 240 70 ue 56 280
ep orq
ors ut T
u tH Inp
60 Inp er 30 200 60 48 240
pow r
rse owe
t Ho rsep
50 tpu 25 160 50 u t Ho 40 200
Ou Inp
er
Horsepower

Horsepower
pow
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
120 40 orse 32
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 20 ut H 160
Input Torque - lb. ins. Outp
15 80 30 24

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

120

20 10 40 20 16 80

10 5 0 10 8 40
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss

0 0 0 0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-056
PV3-056 inches (mm)

39
40
PV3-075
4700 rpm 7000 rpm

3100 100 50 500 50 100 100 1000

PV3-075

Outlet Pressure Volumetric Efficiency

3000 90 45 450 45 90 90 900
ienccyy Overall Effi ienccyy
Efficcien
ficien
Effic
Overall Ef
2900 80 40 400 40 80 80 800
rque
t To
Inpu 70 70
2800 70 35 350 35 700

60 r 30 300 30 60 60 600
owe
rsep
t Ho
Inpu
50 25 250 25 50 50 500
er Delivery
Deliver
pow
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
orse

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
u tp ut H 20 40 we r rque 40
40 20 200 400
Input Torque - lb. ins.

O orsepo Input To

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input H
e power
30 15 150 15 30 t Hors 30 300

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Outpu

20 10 100 10 20 20 200

10 5 50 5 10 10 100
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 5 10 15 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

7000 rpm 8750 rpm

3100 100 100 1000 3100 100 100 500

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90 900 3000 90 90 450
Ef
Overall Efficiency
Overall Ef
Efficiency
ficiency
2900 80 80 800 80 ue 80 400
orq
ut T
700 70 Inp 70
2800 70 70 350

60 60 600 60 r 60 300
owe
rsep
t Ho
50 50 500 50 Inpu er 50
p ow 250
r ue orse
Horsepower

Horsepower
powe t Torq ut H
Efficiency - Percent

Horse

Efficiency - Percent
Inpu 400 40 Outp 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 Input 40 200
Input Torque - lb. ins.
ower
rsep 30 300 30 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

ut Ho 150
Outp
20 20 200 20 20 100

10 10 100 10 10 50
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-075
PV3-075 inches (mm)

41
42
PV3-115
4000 rpm 6000 rpm

3100 100 100 1000 100 100 100 1000

PV3-115

Outlet Pressu
re Volumetric
olumetric Efficiency
Ef
3000 90 90 900 90 90 90 900
Effificie cy
cienncy ienccyy
Efficcien
Overall Effi
Overall Ef
2900 80 80 800 80 80 80 800

2800 70 70 700 70 70 70 700

e
60 60 600 60 60 Torqu 60 600
ue Input
t Torq
Inpu er
50 50 500 50 50 epow 50 500
Hors
Input ower
Horsepower

Horsepower
e

Delivery - gpm
rs

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 40 ut Ho 40
40 40 400 400
Input Torque - lb. ins.

er Outp

Input Torque - lb. ins.

epow
Hors
Input
30 30 300 30 30 30 300

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

wer Delivery
Deliver
rsepo
ut Ho
Outp 20 20 20
20 20 200 200

10 10 100 10 10 10 100
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

6000 rpm 7500 rpm

3100 100 100 1000 3100 100 100 1000

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90 900 3000 90 90 900
Overall Ef Overall Efficiency
Efficiency
ficiency
2900 80 80 800 2900 80 80 800
r
owe
rsep
2800 70 700 2800 70 t Ho 70
70 Inpu 700
e
ue Torqu
60 t Torq 60 600 60 Input 60 600
Inpu o w er
rse p
r t Ho
50 powe 50 500 50 Outpu 50 500
Horse
Input wer
Horsepower

Horsepower
Horsepo
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
ut
400 40 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 Outp 40 400
Input Torque - lb. ins.
30 300 30 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

300

20 20 200 20 20 200
Horsepower Loss
10 10 100 10 10 100
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-115
PV3-115 inches (mm)

43
44
PV3-150 & PV3-160
4000 rpm 6000 rpm

3100 100 100

Volumetric Efficiency
Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90
ncy ienccyy
Efficcien
Overall Efficie Overall Effi
80 800 80 e 80 800
ut T orqu
rque Inp
t To
70 Inpu 700 70 r 70 700
owe
rsep
t Ho
60 wer 48 600 60 Inpu r 60 600
epo e
t Hors pow
orse
Inpu ut H
50 40 500 50 Outp 50 500
er
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
pow

Efficiency - Percent
orse

Efficiency - Percent
40 ut H 32 400 40 40 40 400
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outp
Delivery
Deliver
30 24 300 30 30 30 300

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

PV3-150 & PV3-160

20 16 200 20 20 20 200

10 8 100 10 10 10 100
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

6000 rpm 7500 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 3000 90
Overall Efficiency
80 800 80 Ef
Overall Efficiency
80 800
ue
orq ue
ut T orq
70 Inp 70 700 70 ut T 700
er Inp
ow
ep
60 ors 60 600 60 600
u tH er
Inp pow
rse
50 u t Ho 50 500 50 wer 100 500
tp Horsepo
Ou
Horsepower

Horsepower
Input
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 400 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 80 400
er
Input Torque - lb. ins. ut Ho
rs epow
30 300 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Outp 60 300

20 20 200 20 40 200

10 10 100 10 20 100
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 8 16 24 32 40 0 8 16 24 32 40 48
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-150 & PV3-160
PV3-150 & PV3-160 inches (mm)

45
46
PV3-205
4000 rpm 5900 rpm

3100 100 100 1000 100 100 100 1000

Volumetric Efficiency
PV3-205

Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90 900 90 90 Efficie
Overall Ef cy
ficienncy 90 900
ncy ue e er
Overall Efficie To rqu
2900 80 orq 80 800 80 80 t pow 80 800
ut T Inpu rse
Inp t Ho
Inpu
2800 70 70 700 70 70 r 70 700
owe
sep
Hor
put
60 r 60 600 60 60 Out 60 600
owe
rsep
t Ho
50 Inpu 50 500 50 50 50 500
Delivery
Deliver
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
er
pow

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 orse 40 400 40 40 40 400
Input Torque - lb. ins.

ut H

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outp
30 30 300 30 30 30 300

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 20 200 20 20 20 200

10 10 100 10 10 10 100
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

5900 rpm 7400 rpm

3100 100 100 100 3100 100 200 1000

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90 900 3000 90 180 900
ncyy
cieenc
Effici
Overall Effi
Overall Efficiency er e
2900 80 80 800 2900 80 qu 160 800
ow Tor
ue ep ut
orq Hors Inp
2800 70 tu T ut r 70 700 2800 70 140 700
Inp Inp we
po
rse
60 t Ho 60 600 60 r 120 600
tpu owe
Ou rsep
t Ho
50 50 500 50 Inpu 100 500
Horsepower

Horsepower
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 400 40 er
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 pow 80 400
orse
Input Torque - lb. ins. ut H
Outp
30 300 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60 300

20 20 200 20 40 200
Horsepower Loss
10 10 100 10 20 100
Horsepower Loss

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-205
PV3-205 inches (mm)

47
48
PV3-240
3550 rpm 5300 rpm

3100 100 100

PV3-240

Outlet Pressure
Volumetric Efficiency
3000 90 90
ficiency Efficie
Overall Ef cy
ficienncy
Overall Ef 80
80 ue 1200
orq
ut T
Inp
70 r 70 1000 70 1400
we
po
rse
60 Ho 60 800 60 120 1200
p ut ue
In t Torq
er Inpu
50 pow 50 600 50 100 1000
rse r
t Ho powe
Horsepower

Horsepower
Horse

Delivery - gpm
tpu Input

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 Ou 40 400 40 owe r 80 800
Input Torque - lb. ins.

ep

Input Torque - lb. ins.

t Hors
Outpu
30 30 200 60 30 60 600

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Delivery
Deliver
20 20 0 40 20 40 400

10 10 20 10 20 200
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 8 16 24 32 40 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

5300 rpm 6600 rpm

3100 100 3100 100

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 3000 90
ficienccyy
Efficien
Overall Ef
Overall Efficiency
80 80 1400
que
t Tor
70 1400 70 Inpu 140 1200
ue r
60 t Torq 120 1200 60 powe 120 1000
Inpu Horse
Input
er wer
50 epow 100 1000 50 rsepo 100 800
t Hors ut Ho
Inpu Outp
Horsepower

Horsepower
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
80 800 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 er 80 600
epow
u t Hors Input Torque - lb. ins.
Outp
60 600 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60 400

20 40 400 20 40 200

10 20 200 10 20 0
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0
0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-240
PV3-240 inches (mm)

49
50
PV3-300
3500 rpm 5250 rpm

3100 100 200 2000 100 100 200 2000

PV3-300

Outlet Pressure
Volumetric Efficiency
3000 90 180 1800 90 90 180 1800
Efficie
Overall Ef ncyy
ficienc
Efficie
Overall Ef cy
ficienncy
2900 80 160 1600 80 80 160 1600
e
qu rque
Tor t To
ut 70 Inpu 140
2800 70 Inp 140 1400 70 Delivery
Deliver 1400

60 r 120
60 120 1200 60 owe 1200
rsep
t Ho
Inpu er
50 100 1000 50 50 o w 100 1000
rsep
t Ho

Horsepower
Horsepower

utpu

Delivery - gpm
er O

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 rse pow 80 800 40 40 80 800
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

t Ho
Inpu
er
30 pow 60 600 30 30 60 600

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

orse
ut H
Outp
20 40 400 20 20 40 400

10 20 200 10 10 20 200
Horsepower Loss
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

5250 rpm 6550 rpm

3100 100 200 2000 3100 100 200 2500

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 180 1800 3000 90 180
ficienccyy
Efficien
Overall Ef
Overall Efficiency
2900 80 160 1600 2900 80 r 160 2000
we
po
rse er
2800 70 ue 140 1400 2800 70 t Ho 140
t Torq u ow
Inpu Inp ep
ors
u tH
60 er 120 1200 60 tp 120 1500
epow Ou ue
t Hors orq
Inpu 1000 50 ut T
50 wer 100 Inp 100
rsepo
Horsepower

Horsepower
ut Ho
Efficiency - Percent

Outp

Efficiency - Percent
80 800 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 80 1000
Input Torque - lb. ins.

60 600 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60

20 40 400 20 40 500

10 20 200 10 20
s
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Los
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-300
PV3-300 inches (mm)

51
52
PV3-375
3700 rpm 5550 rpm

3100 100 250 2500 100 100 250 2500

Volumetric Efficiency
PV3-375

Outlet Pressure
3000 90 90 90 Efficie
Overall Ef cy
ficienncy
Efficie
Overall Ef ncyy
ficienc
80 80 Delivery
Deliver
2900 80 200 2000 200 2000
rque
ue t To
orq Inpu
2800 70 ut T 70 70 o wer
Inp rsep
t Ho
Inpu
60 150 1500 60 60 150 1500
er
p ow
50 50 50 orse
r ut H
owe Outp
Horsepower

Horsepower
Delivery - gpm
rsep

Efficiency - Percent
t Ho

Efficiency - Percent
40 Inpu 100 1000 40 40 100 1000
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

wer
rsepo 30
30 ut Ho 30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

Outp

20 50 500 20 20 50 500

10 10 10
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

5550 rpm 6900 rpm

3100 100 250 2500 3100 100 250 2500

Outlet Pressure Outlet Pressure
3000 90 3000 90
ficienccyy
Efficien
Overall Ef
Overall Efficiency
2900 80 200 2000 2900 80 er ue 200 2000
ue ow orq
orq ep ut T
ut T r ors Inp
Inp we 70 utH
2800 70 epo 2800 Inp r
ors we
H epo
ut ors
60 Inp 150 1500 60 tH 150 1500
tp u
r Ou
we
50 epo 50
ors
Horsepower

tH

Horsepower
tp u
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
Ou 40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 100 1000 100 1000

Input Torque - lb. ins.

30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 50 500 20 50 500

10 10
s
Horsepower Los
Horsepower Loss
0 0 0 0 0
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-375
PV3-375 inches (mm)

53
54
PV3-400
3000 rpm 4400 rpm

3100 100 100 2000 100 100 200 4000

Outlet Pressure
PV3-400

Volumetric Efficiency
olumetric Ef
3000 90 90 1800 90 90 180 3600
r Ef iency
Overall Effic
ncy we
Overall Efficie sepo er
2900 80 e Hor pow 80 1600 80 80 160 3200
ut rse
To rqu Inp Ho
ut t
Inp tpu
2800 70 Ou 70 1400 70 70 140 2800
e
Torqu
60 60 1200 60 60 Outlet Flow Input 120 2400
r
50 1000 50 powe 100 2000
50 50 Horse

Outlet Flow
Input
Horsepower

Horsepower
er
epow

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 40 800 40 40 t Hors 80 1600
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

Outpu

30 30 600 30 30 60 1200

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 20 400 20 20 40 800

10 10 200 10 10 20 400
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

4400 rpm 5500 rpm

100 100 200 4000 3100 100 200 4000

Volumetric Efficiency
olumetric Ef Outlet Pressure

3000 90 wer
90 90 Outlet Flow 180 3600 epo 180 3600
ors
ut H icieennccyy
Efffici
Inp Overall Ef
80 80 ficiency 160 3200 2900 80 r 160 3200
Overall Ef owe
er o r sep
r H
70 70 pow we 2800 70 put
rse epo 140 2800 Out 140 2800
Ho ors
ut p ut H
Inp u t
60 60 O 120 2400 60 120 2400
ue
t Torq
Inpu
50 50 e 100 2000 50 100 2000

Outlet Flow
Torqu
Horsepower

Input

Horsepower
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 40 80 1600 Input Torque - lb. ins. 80 1600

30 30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30 60 1200 60 1200

20 20 40 800 20 Horsepower Loss 40 800

Horsepower Loss
10 10 20 400 10 20 400

0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Discharge Pressure - psig Delivery - gpm
 PV3-400
PV3-400 inches (mm)

55
56
PV3-488
2750 rpm 4100 rpm

3100 100 200 4000 100 100 200 4000

Outlet Pressure
PV3-488

Volumetric Efficiency
olumetric Ef
3000 90 180 3600 90 90 cy
ficienncy
Efficie 180 3600
Overall Efficiency Overall Ef

2900 80 160 3200 80 80 Outlet Flow r 160 3200

owe
rsep
t Ho
2800 70 140 2800 70 70 Inpu r 140 2800
owe
sep
que Hor
60 t Tor 120 2400 60 60 u t put ue 120 2400
Inpu O Torq
w r Input
po e
50 orse 100 2000 50 50 100 2000

Outlet Flow
Input H
Horsepower

Horsepower
er

Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
pow
40 orse 80 1600 40 40 80 1600
Input Torque - lb. ins.

Input Torque - lb. ins.

ut H
Outp
30 60 1200 30 30 60 1200

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

20 40 800 20 20 40 800
Horsepower Loss
10 20 400 10 10 20 400
Horsepower Loss

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200
Delivery - gpm ( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

4100 rpm 5125 rpm

3100 100 200 4000 3100 100 400 4000

Outlet Pressure
Outlet Pressure
3000 90 Overall Efficiency 180 3600 3000 90 360 3600
icieennccyy
Effici
Overall Eff
ow er
2900 80 160 3200 2900 80 320 3200
rsep
t Ho r
Inpu owe
2800 70 or sep 140 2800 2800 70 e 280 2800
orqu
p ut H que In put T
Out t Tor
60 Inpu 120 2400 60 240 2400
er
epow
Hors
50 100 2000 50 Input 200 2000
r
po w e
Horsepower

Horsepower
Horse
Efficiency - Percent

Efficiency - Percent
40 ut
Input Torque - lb. ins.

40 80 1600 Input Torque - lb. ins. Outp 160 1600

30

( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

30
( P) Outlet Pressure - psi

60 1200 120 1200

20 40 800 20 80 800
Horsepower Loss Horsepower Loss
10 20 400 10 40 400

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Delivery - gpm Delivery - gpm
 PV3-488
PV3-488 inches (mm)

57
58
22,000 220 22

20,000 200 20

18,000 180 18
no. of bar = .06895 x no. of psi
16,000 160 no. of kPa = 6.895 x no. of psi 16
no. of N•m = 0.1130 x no. of lb-in
14,000 140 14

12,000 120 12

10,000 100 10

pressure - bar
torque = N•m

pressure - kPa
8000 80 8

6000 60 no. of psi = 14.50 x no. of bar 6

no. of psi = .145 x no. of kPa no. of lb-in = 8.851 x no. of N•m
4000 40 4

2000 20 2

0 0 0
1000 2000 3000 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
pressure - psi torque = lb - in

240 240

200 200

no. of mL = 16.39 x no. of in3

Metric Conversion of Hydraulic Units

160 no. of L/min = 3.785 x no. of gpm 160

120 120

flow - L/min
volume - mL (cc)

80 80

no. of in3 = 0.06102 x no. of mL

40 no. of gpm = 0.2642 x no. of L/min 40

0 0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
flow - gpm volume - in 3
 recommended inlet pressure - psia

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

0
1
2
Inlet Pressures

3
4
PV3-400

5
& PV3-4
88

6
PV3-30
0 & PV
3-375
PV3-20
5 & PV
3-240

7
PV3-15
0 & PV3-
160

8
PV3-11
5

speed - rpm x 10
9
-3
10
PV3-07
5

PV3-05
6

11
PV3-

12
044

13
PV3-03
2

14
PV3
-011
& PV3

15
-022
PV3
-00
8

16

59
 Eaton Aerospace
Worldwide
Eaton Aerospace is a worldwide supplier of
advanced technology hydraulic, electrohydraulic
and electronic power and motion control compo-
nents and systems for aerospace, marine and
defense applications.
Eaton Aerospace has major manufacturing
and service centers located in the United States,
United Kingdom, and Asia, which are supported
by a worldwide network of sales and service
offices.
The strategic location of Eaton Aerospace
design engineering, product support and produc-
tion facilities throughout the world ensures that
it will remain responsive to its customers needs.
Reliable products and comprehensive prod-
uct support have made Eaton Aerospace the
world leader in aerospace, marine and defense
fluid power, motion and control applications.

Vickers Fluid Systems of Eaton Aerospace is a worldwide leader in advanced technology fluid power and fuel pump products serving
the aerospace, marine and defense markets. / Vickers Fluid Systems designs and manufactures power and motion control components and
systems for customers worldwide. Eaton Aerospace is a business group of Eaton Corporation, the pioneer and world leader in power and motion
control. / In addition to Vickers Fluid Systems, the Eaton Aerospace Operations includes the Actuation and Controls, Sterer Engineering, Power and
Load Management Systems, Cockpit Controls and Displays and Engineered Sensors/Tedeco Business Units. Combining the core technologies of
these business units Eaton Aerospace provides virtually every power, motion control and monitoring product and service needed by aerospace,
marine and defense customers the world over.

60
 Global Locations
United States Eaton Aerospace Italy
(headquarters) Power and Load Management Systems Eaton Aerospace
Eaton Aerospace 2250 Whitfield Avenue Aeroquip-Vickers S.p.A.
Worldwide Operations Sarasota, FL 34243 Via Monzese 34
3 Park Plaza, Suite 1200 USA Vignate, Milan 20060
Irvine, CA 92614 Phone: (941) 751-7138 Italy
USA Fax: (941) 751-7173 Phone: (39) 02 95058222
Phone: (949) 253-2100 Fax: (39) 02 9566730
Fax: (949) 253-2111 Eaton Aerospace
Cockpit Controls and Displays Philippines
Eaton Aerospace 1640 Monrovia Avenue Eaton Aerospace
Vickers Fluid Systems Costa Mesa, CA 92627 9A LPL Plaza, 124 Alfaro Street
5353 Highland Drive USA Salcedo Village, Makati City
Jackson, MS 39206-3449 Phone: (949) 642-2427 Philippines
USA Fax: (949) 722-4487 Phone: (63-2) 816 0148
Phone: (601) 981-2811 Fax: (63-2) 815 3348
Fax: (601) 987-5255 Eaton Aerospace
SITA: JANVKXD Engineered Sensors/Tedeco United Kingdom
15 Durant Avenue Eaton Aerospace
Eaton Aerospace Bethel, CT 06801 Vickers Systems Limited
Sterer Engineering USA Larchwood Avenue
4690 Colorado Boulevard Phone: (800) 736-1557 Bedhampton
Los Angeles, CA 90039 Fax: (203) 796-6313 Hampshire PO9 3QN
USA England
Phone: (818) 409-0200 France Phone: (44) 1705-487260
Fax: (818) 241-3772 Eaton Aerospace Fax: (44) 1705-492400
Aeroquip-Vickers S.A.
Eaton Aerospace Le Parc Club des Septs Deniers
Vickers Actuation and Controls Bat 2
3675 Patterson Avenue 78, Chemin des Septs-Deniers
Visit the Eaton Aerospace
P.O. Box 872 31200 Toulouse
web site at
Grand Rapids, MI 49588-0872 France
http://www.aerospace.eaton.com
USA Phone: (33) 5 61573-333
Phone: (616) 949-1090 Fax: (33) 5 61578-777
Fax: (616) 949-2744
Germany
Eaton Aerospace Eaton Aerospace
Engineered Sensors/Tedeco Aeroquip-Vickers International GmbH
24 East Glenolden Avenue Am Joseph 16
Glenolden, PA 19036 61273 Wehrheim
USA Germany
Phone: (610) 583-9400 Phone: (49) 6081-103220 or 230
Fax: (610) 583-3985 Fax: (49) 6081-103229 or 239
Eaton Aerospace
Vickers Fluid Systems
5353 Highland Drive
Jackson, MS 39206-3449

SE-103F • 6/00, © 2000 Eaton Corporation, All Rights Reserved.