TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH

INTRODUCTION

This project is based on VTU syllabus. The proposed system is based on ATMEL
89S52 µcontroller which is in our syllabus.
For doing this project we use some of the software like
• Embedded C for programming the application software to the microcontroller.
• Protel schematic software is used for designing the circuit diagram for this
project.
• Express PCB software is used for designing the PCB for this project.

ABSTRACT:

This project is mainly designed to access the switches of you are home from any
remote place in the world. In early days the person is out of station and he forgotten to
switch off the electrical appliance in his house. Then he cannot do anything his electrical
bill goes out of reach. Using this project this problem will overcome. This is also helpful
for industries. Where the person in charge of machines can switch ON the machines at
correct time even his not presence.

% OF SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE:

• Embedded ‘C’ 50%

• Microcontroller and hardware 50%

TECHNOLOGY USED

DTMF: DTMF (dual tone multi frequency) is the signal to the phone company that you
generate when you press an ordinary telephone's touch keys. In the United States and
perhaps elsewhere, it's known as "Touchtone" phone (formerly a registered trademark
of AT&T). DTMF has generally replaced loop disconnect ("pulse") dialing. With DTMF,
each key you press on your phone generates two tones of specific frequencies. So that
a voice can't imitate the tones, one tone is generated from a high-frequency group of
tones and the other from a low frequency group.

OUR CHALLANGING WORK IN THIS PROJECT:

As embedded applications include more functionality, the challenge is making

these functions accessible to the end user in a meaningful way.
• Design the handheld hardware with relay,lcd,led.
• Design the power supply selector circuit for peripheral and controller.
• Write the programme for the main controller using embedded ‘c’ for 8051.
• Design a I2C Driver for EEPROM operation.
• Write diver for DTMF decoder.

COMPONENTS:

• Power Supply Standard Type 7805, 5v DC

• Micro controller-AT89S52-Atmel (www.Atmel.Com)
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 16x2 characters
• Real Time Clock (RTC – DS1307)
• Buzzer. Freq-1 to 18 kHz (5v-12Vdc)
• Relay sugar cube from GOODSKY
• DTMF Decoder 9200

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

When you dial the telephone number. After 3 rings the hardware lifts the line at your
home and sends a signal to the micro controller that a call has come. The DTMF
receiver at the microcontroller end will receive this DTMF tone and decode it and send
to the micro controller as 4 bit data .The controller will receive this 4 bit data and check
with it data base and compare the password .If it is correct Immediately the software in
the micro controller will switch on the call receive relay and send a beep sound. Once
the beep sound is heard in the ear piece of the phone what you will be dialing, then you
has to enter password. The password is sent to the device through the telephone line as
DTMF tone. .IF the pass word is incorrect then it will generate 2 tones showing that the
password is incorrect. Once the password is correct, Then we have to enter the require
devices to ON or OFF. For example: Imagine we have connected a Air conditioner to
relay 1.The in the microcontroller program we have given the code 11 to ON the device
relay 1 and 1 1 to OFF the relay 1 with device 1.So the person in the other end has
presses the key pad 11 the DTMF decoder will receive this signal and decode and send
the data t micro controller as 4 bit address. The controller will check this and see in the
lookup table and make the relay 1 ON. When relay one is ON the device connected to
his relay will ON. E.g. the Air conditioner will ON.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Door
LCD MODULE
Light
LCD LCD
DRIVER DISPLAY
Windows

POWER SUPPLY
Refrigerator

AT89S52 Filter Transformer

External Memory
(EEPROM) Regulator Rectifier

at24c24

Ring-Sensor

DTMF DECODER
Tele PhoneLine
8870
COMPONENT APPLICATIONS:

Power supply:

The microcontroller and other devices get power supply from AC to Dc adapter
through voltage regulator. The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non regulated.
The 7805 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5VDC.

AC/DC Regulator
Filter
AC Power Adapter (7805) DC Output

Vital role of power supply in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’. The adapter

output voltage will be 12V DC non regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage regulators are
used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC.

Micro controller-AT89S52

The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K

bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using
Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-
standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout.
Features:
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
• Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 • Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

Vital role of Micro controller in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’.It is main

part of the project. It is used to control all the interfaces like LCD, memory and switches.
It receives the signal from Telephone and compares it with the number stored in
memory. If the number matches then it perform the action according to the received
signal.

External EEPROM memory (2/4/8/32/64 Kbytes)

These memory devices are used to store the data for off line process. The AT24C02A /
04A/ 08A/ 32/64 provides 2048/4096/8192/32,768/65,536 bits of serial electrically
erasable and programmable read only memory (EEPROM) organized as
56/512/1024/4096/8192 words of 8 bits each. The device is optimized for use in many
industrial and commercial applications where low power and low voltage operation are
essential. The AT24C02A/04A/08A is available in space saving 8-pin PDIP.
Features
• Internally Organized 256 x 8 (2K), 512 x 8 (4K) or 1024 x 8 (8K)
• 2-Wire Serial Interface (I2C protocol)
• High Reliability
• Endurance: 1 Million Write Cycles
• Data Retention: 100 Years
• ESD Protection: >3000V
Vital role of External EEPROM memory in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’
This is used to store the telephone number.

LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)

LCD can add a lot to your application in terms of providing a useful interface for the
user, debugging an application or just giving it a "professional" look. The most common
type of LCD controller is the Hitachi 44780 which provides a relatively simple interface
between a processor and an LCD. Using this interface is often not attempted by
inexperienced designers and programmers because it is difficult to find good
documentation on the interface, initializing the interface can be a problem and the
displays themselves are expensive.
Vital role of LCD in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’:LCD has single line
display, Two-line display, four line display. Every line has 16 characters. This is used to
display the operation of the system in written form.

Buzzer:
The buzzer subsystem produces a 2 KHz audible tone when powered. The
buzzer will sound when the signal coming into the driver is high. It must be connected to
a transistor, Darlington or transducer driver subsystem.The buzzer is connected
between the supply rail (+V) and the input signal. This acts as load on the driver. When
the input signal coming into the buzzer subsystem is low, a potential difference across
the buzzer causes current to flow. It is this flow of current that causes the buzzer to
sound.
Vital role of LCD in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’
This is used indicate when the system is in extreme condition.

Relay:

The relay subsystem is an electrically-operated switch. The relay switches when the
signal coming into the driver is high. It must be connected to a Darlington or transducer
driver subsystem.

The relay coil is connected between the supply rail (+V) and the input signal. This acts
as load on the driver. When the input signal coming into the relay subsystem is low, a
potential difference across the relay coil causes current to flow. It is this flow of current
that causes contacts to switch.

Vital role of RELAY in ‘TELEPHONE CONTROLLED SWITCH’

This is used to make switch on and off the electrical appliances. This is electro
mechanical device when it is turned ON then it switch is closed supplies the required
voltage to the appliance. This is central device between the Microcontroller, electrical
appliance and 230V supply.

DTMF DECODER (MT8870D)

The MT8870D/MT8870D-1 is a complete DTMF receiver integrating both the band split
filter and digital decoder functions. The filter section uses switched capacitor techniques
for high and low group filters; the decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and
decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is
minimized by on chip provision of a differential input amplifier, clock oscillator and
latched three-state bus interface.

Features
• • Complete DTMF Receiver
• • Low power consumption
• • Internal gain setting amplifier
Applications
• • Remote control
• • Personal computers
• • Telephone answering machine
When microcontroller gets call from telephone line. Then it is decoded by using this
decoder.
Ring sensor:
Ring sensor consists of a led & photo transistor. Ring sensor detects the ring.
Once ringing is happen then LED is forward biased then it makes phototransistor to
starts conduct.

APPLICATION:

• Helpful for handicap person.

• Useful in industry application.
FEATURES:

• No hazards of shock.
• Remote access.
• Personal access code.