Risk Management Guide

Contents
Page
Introduction 2
Scope 2
Roles and Responsibilities 3
Risk Management Process 5

Figure 1 – The Risk Management Process 6
1 Preparation 7
2 Hazard Identification 7
3 Risk Evaluation 8
Table 1 – Severity categories and description 9
Table 2 – Likelihood categories and description 9
Table 3 – Risk matrix to determine Risk Level 10
4 Risk Control 10
Table 4 – Acceptability of risk and recommended actions 11
Figure 2 – Hierarchy of Control Measures 11
5 Record Keeping 13
6 Implementation and Review 13
Glossary 15
Appendix A: Instructions for Activity-Based Risk Assessment 16

Appendix B: Worked Examples 20
Appendix C: Instructions for Trade-Based Risk Assessment 23
Appendix D: Worked Examples (Trade-Based Risk Assessment) 26
1
INTRODUCTION
Risk Management is a key component of the new safety and health management
framework underpinned by the new Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSH Act).
The WSH Act aims to reduce risks at source by making stakeholders accountable for
managing the risks they create.
Risk Management entails:

1) Risk assessment of any work activity;
2) Control and monitoring of such risks; and
3) Communicating these risks to all persons involved.
These requirements are enshrined in the WSH (Risk Management) Regulations,

which came into operation 1 September 2006.
Risk Assessment is an integral part of risk management. It is the process of:

1) Identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work;
2) Assessing the risks involved; and
3) Prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks.
Every workplace, including factories, should conduct risk assessments for all routine
and non-routine work undertaken.
SCOPE
This set of guidelines outlines the risk management process and within it, provides a
3-step process for Risk Assessment:
1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

IDENTIFICATION EVALUATION CONTROL
Applying these basic principles of risk assessment will help you meet your
obligations under the legislation.
Depending on the industry and nature of work activities, companies can adopt the
Activity-Based risk assessment approach described in this Guide. * Alternatively,
other approaches can be used to achieve the same or higher levels of protection
against risks in your workplace.
The information in this Guide will be particularly useful for small and medium
enterprises. Larger establishments, including process chemical plants with complex
processes and operations, may adopt other established methods of hazard
*
For more details and examples, please refer to the Appendix.
2
identification and risk analysis commonly used for process plant risk assessment,
while still applying the basic principles in this Guide.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Risk management duties are imposed on every employer, self-employed person and
principal (including contractor and sub-contractor). These parties must take all
reasonably practicable measures to ensure that the workplace is safe to every
person within its premises.
Where contractors and suppliers undertake work for their customers, they must take
all reasonably practicable measures to eliminate or reduce the risk that may be
posed by their machinery, equipment or hazardous substances to as low as
reasonably practicable.
Contractors and suppliers must also provide information of any machinery,

equipment or hazardous substances to their customers who may require the
information to conduct risk assessment in their workplaces. For example,
contractors and suppliers should provide operation manuals, maintenance manuals,
safety data sheets etc.
RISK ASSESSMENT TEAM

Risk assessment is never a one man show; it should be conducted by a multi-
disciplinary team who have a thorough knowledge of the work to be undertaken.
Team members should include management staff, process or facility engineers,
technical personnel, supervisors, production operators, maintenance staff and safety
personnel if available.
The risk assessment team should also include contractors/suppliers personnel who
are involved with the work, whenever necessary.
The team leader should have undergone training in risk assessment. A safety
consultant trained and has experience in job safety analysis and risk management
could be engaged to assist in the conduct of risk assessment.
The Employer should:

1) Designate, assign, appoint or engage a competent person leading a team of
personnel (including contractors) associated with the process or activity to
conduct risk assessments;
2) Ensure that the risk control measures are implemented without undue delay
after the completion of risk assessment;
3) Inform all persons working at the workplace of the risks, and the means to
minimise or, where possible, eliminate the risks;
4) Provide a risk assessment register to record the findings of risk assessment;
3
5) Endorse and approve the risk assessments conducted;
6) Keep risk assessment records for inspection for at least three years from the
date of the assessment; and submit the records to the Commissioner for
Workplace Safety and Health if the Commissioner so requires;
7) Review and update the risk assessment at least once every three years or
whenever there is a significant change in the work, or after an incident involving
the work process;
8) Ensure that all employees are aware of the risk assessment for the work activity
they carry out;
9) Develop and implement safe work procedures (SWPs) for work which poses
safety or health risks to workers; and
10) Keep a written description of SWPs and produce this to the inspector for
inspection when requested.
The Team Leader should:

1) Have adequate knowledge of the risk assessment method;
2) Recommend appropriate risk control measures to reduce or eliminate the risks
identified;
3) Prepare a record of the risk assessment for the employer after completion of the
assessment; and
4) Assist management in monitoring the effectiveness of risk control measures after
their implementation.
Employees should:
1) Participate in the risk assessment or assist in conducting the risk assessment;
2) Adhere to SWPs established to reduce any safety and health risks in the
workplace; and
3) Inform their supervisors of any shortcomings in the SWPs or risk control
measures.
Contractors and Suppliers

Whenever necessary, contractors and suppliers should work with the risk
assessment team to identify hazards, evaluate and control the risks that machinery,
equipment or hazardous substances may pose.
4
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Unless the workplace or worksite is not ready, the risk assessment team should visit
the workplace or worksite to ensure that all work areas are covered, including routine
and non-routine operations. Routine operations include activities such as
preparatory and troubleshooting work activities. Non-routine operations include
commissioning, repair and maintenance of plants.
The team should also consider various environmental situations, e.g., weather and
soil conditions, where these operations are carried out.
Other methods of risk assessments may be adopted, but all methods should include
the 3 basic steps of:

and the selection of control measures must be based on the principles of

Hierarchy of Control.
The outcome of the risk assessment conducted, regardless of the method used,
should be effective risk control measures.
5
Figure 1 – THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
COMMUNICATION
1 2 3 4 5 6
Preparation Hazard Risk Risk Record Implementation
Identification Evaluation Control Keeping & Review
Æ Form RA Æ Identify Æ Estimate risk Æ Formulate Æ Keep risk Æ Review risk

Team hazards levels based control assessment assessments:
Æ Gather Æ Identify on identified measures reports for at • Once every 3
relevant potential hazards. according to the least 3 years. years;
information accidents / Æ Prioritise the Hierarchy of • Whenever new
incidents hazards to be Controls: information on
controlled • Elimination OSH risks
• Substitution surfaces;
• Engineering • When there are
controls changes to work
• Administrative processes and /
controls or;
• PPE • After any accident
Æ Analyse and / incident.
evaluate
Risk Assessment (RA) residual risk
HAZARD RISK RISK
1 IDENTIFICATION 2 EVALUATION
3 CONTROL
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1 PREPARATION
Prior to conducting a risk assessment, the following information should be obtained

as far as possible:
• Plant layout plan
• Process flowchart
• List of work activities in the process†
• List of chemicals, machinery and / or tools used
• Records of past incidents and accidents
• Relevant legislation, codes of practice or specifications
• Observations and interviews
• Inspection records
• Details of existing risk controls
• Health and safety audit reports
• Feedback from staff, clients, suppliers or other stakeholders
• Safe work procedures (SWPs)
• Other information such as safety data sheets (SDSs), manufacturer’s instruction
manual
• Copies of any relevant previous risk assessments
Based on the work process, the steps of each work activity will be listed out in
sequence. In this Guide, each step of the process is referred to as a work activity.
Work Work Work

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity n
A work process broken down into n work activities
This starts off the risk assessment process.
2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Based on the information gathered on the process, hazards can be identified for
each work activity. Hazard identification is perhaps the most important step in risk
assessment because hazards can only be controlled if they are identified.
Hazard identification involves identifying the hazards associated with each work
activity and the type of potential accidents/incidents that can result from the hazards.
Hazard identification is then repeated for all work activities of the process.
†
In this Guide, the work process is divided into sequential steps, which are referred to as work
activities.
7
The aim is to spot hazards, brainstorm on all the possible types of accidents,
incidents and/or ill-health that can occur due to the hazard(s), and identify potential
victims or persons-at-risk.
To aid hazard identification, workplace safety and health hazards can be identified
by considering:
• Method of work e.g. repeated tasks and unsafe work practices
• Electrical and mechanical hazards
• Manual material handling e.g. lifting, pulling and pushing
• Chemicals e.g. corrosive substances
• Machinery e.g. unguarded machines
• Temporary structures e.g. scaffolds
• Environmental conditions, e.g. slippery surfaces, lighting, unstable soil conditions
• Layout and location of equipment
Possible types of accidents, incidents and ill health include (but not limited to):
• Person falling from height • Noise induced deafness
• Object falling from height • Dermatitis
• Slips or falls on the level • Collapse of structure
• Electrocution • Fire and explosion
• Asphyxiation • Struck by or against object
• Drowning • Soft tissue damage (sprains, strains)
Potential victims or persons-at-risk include:

• Persons directly involved in the • Persons not directly involved in the
operation operation
• Visitors of the workplace • Members of the public
3 RISK EVALUATION

Risk evaluation is the process of estimating the risk levels of the identified hazards
and if the risks can be accepted. This is used as a basis for prioritising actions to
control identified hazards and thereby, minimising safety and health risks.
Risk evaluation consists of:

1) Identifying existing risk control measures;
2) Assessing potential severity of identified hazards;
3) Determining likelihood of occurrence of accidents, incidents and/or ill health
arising from identified hazards; and
4) Assessing risk levels based on the severity and likelihood.
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(1) Identifying existing risk control measures
The presence of existing control measures should first be identified for each work
activity of the process. By considering the effectiveness of the existing controls and
the consequences that can occur should these controls fail; the risk of the activity
can be assessed.
Examples of risk control measures include engineering controls, SWPs and personal
protective equipment (PPE).
Risk has 2 parts:

I. Expected SEVERITY of the hazard; and
II. LIKELIHOOD of the occurrence of the accident / incident or ill health; taking
into account the existing risk controls.
RISK
Severity Likelihood
Minor Remote
Moderate Occasional
Major Frequent
(2) Assessing potential severity of identified hazards

Severity is the degree or extent of injury or harm caused by accidents/incidents
arising from workplace hazards. Severity is classified into 3 categories: Minor,
Moderate and Major (Table 1).
Table 1 – Severity categories and description

Severity Description
No injury, injury or ill-health requiring first aid treatment only
Minor (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill-health with temporary
discomfort)
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to disability

Moderate (includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis, deafness,
work-related upper limb disorders)
Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease

Major (includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupational cancer,
acute poisoning and fatal diseases)
As the severity of the hazard refers to the intrinsic or inherent nature of the adverse
effect (e.g. cancer, amputation or fatal injury) that may result from the hazard, it does
not depend on the controls in place.
Therefore, in assigning the severity level, the existing controls should not be taken
into account.
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(3) Determining likelihood of occurrence of accidents, incidents and/or ill health
arising from identified hazards
LIKELIHOOD of occurrence of an accident, incident or ill health is also classified into
3 categories: Remote, Occasional and Frequent (Table 2).
Table 2 – Likelihood categories and description

Likelihood Description
Remote Not likely to occur
Occasional Possible or known to occur
Frequent Common or repeating occurrence
To minimise the subjectivity of estimating likelihood, in addition to looking at existing

controls, the following sources of information should be considered:
• Past incident and accident records
• Industry practice and experience
• Relevant published literature
(4) Assessing risk levels based on the severity and likelihood

Once severity and likelihood have been established, the risk level is determined
using a 3 X 3 risk matrix. The risk level may be classified as low, medium or high
and depends on the combination of severity and likelihood (Table 3).
To determine the risk level, select the appropriate row for Severity and the
appropriate column for Likelihood; the cell where they intersect indicates the Risk
Level.
Table 3 – Risk matrix to determine risk level

Likelihood
Remote Occasional Frequent
Severity
Severity
Major Medium Risk High Risk High Risk
Moderate Low Risk Medium Risk High Risk
Minor Low Risk Low Risk Medium Risk
E.g. For Moderate Severity and Occasional Likelihood, the Risk Level is Medium.
4 RISK CONTROL

10
Based on the risk level determined in the risk evaluation step, risk controls should be
selected to reduce the risk level to an acceptable level. This can be done by
reducing the Severity and/or Likelihood.
As indicated in the risk matrix in Table 3, when the risk level is High, effective and
practicable risk controls must be implemented to reduce High Risk to at least
Medium Risk.
Table 4 shows the acceptability of risk and recommended actions for different risk
levels, which can be used to guide the selection of risk controls.
Table 4 – Acceptability of risk and recommended actions

Risk Risk
Recommended actions
level Acceptability
No additional risk control measures may be needed.
Low However, frequent review may be needed to ensure that
Acceptable
Risk the risk level assigned is accurate and does not increase
over time.
A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out

to ensure that the risk level is reduced to as low as is
Medium Moderately practicable within a defined time period.
Risk acceptable Interim risk control measures, such as administrative
controls, may be implemented.
Management attention is required.
High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk

before work commences.
There should not be any interim risk control measures
and risk control measures should not be overly
High Not
dependent on personal protective equipment or
Risk acceptable
appliances. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated
Immediate management intervention is required before
work commences.
It is essential for risks to be eliminated or reduced “at source”. If a risk cannot be

controlled completely by engineering measures, it is necessary to protect the
employees by administrative control or personal protection.
The control of hazards and reduction of risks can be accomplished by following the
Hierarchy of Control Measures (Figure 2). These control measures are not usually
mutually exclusive e.g. engineering controls can be implemented together with
administrative controls like training and SWPs.
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ELIMINATION
Elimination of hazards refers to the total removal of the hazards and hence
effectively making all the identified possible accidents, incidents and ill health
impossible.
Figure 2 – Hierarchy of Control Measures
ELIMINATION
Eg : Eliminate sharp
protrusions in work area
SUBSTITUTION
Eg : Substitute solvent-based
paint with water-based paint
ENGINEERING CONTROL
Eg: Use & maintain
a local exhaust ventilation system
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL
Eg: SWPs, effective training etc.
PPE
Eg : Safety boots, helmet, glasses etc.
This is a permanent solution and should be attempted in the first instance. If the
hazard is eliminated, the risk associated of the hazard will be eliminated.
SUBSTITUTION
This involves replacing the hazard by one that presents a lower risk.
E.g. Asbestos can be substituted with non-asbestos materials.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Engineering controls are physical means that limit the hazard. These include
structural changes to the work environment or work processes, erecting a barrier to
interrupt the transmission path between the worker and the hazard.
E.g. Isolation or containment of hazards, machine guarding, manual handling
devices/equipment etc.
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
These reduce or eliminate exposure to a hazard by adherence to procedures or
instructions. Documentation should emphasise all the steps to be taken and the
controls to be used in carrying out the activity safely.
E.g. Permit-to-work systems, scheduling of incompatible works etc.
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
This should be used only as a last resort, after all other control measures have been
considered, or as a short term contingency during emergency / maintenance / repair
or as an additional protective measure.
The success of this control depends critically on the protective equipment being
chosen correctly, fitted correctly, worn at all times and maintained properly.
Safe Work Procedures (SWPs)

Arising from the risk assessment, SWPs for work which may pose safety and health
risks should be established and implemented. The SWPs should include the safety
precautions to be taken in the course of work and during an emergency, as well as
the provision of PPE.
Residual Risks
Residual risks are the remaining risks after implementation of risk controls. The risk
assessment team should ensure that residual risks are acceptable and manageable;
and highlight the residual risks of each of the controls.
For example, if the risk control involves the use of safety harnesses and lanyards (a
type of PPE), one of the residual risks is that the workers may not anchor the
lanyards to protect themselves. In this case, the risk assessment team may highlight
training (administrative control) as a further measure to ensure that residual risks are
further minimised.
Once all the risk controls are selected and their residual risks highlighted, the risk
assessment team needs to identify the action officers and follow-up dates. In this
way, the specific action officers to implement the controls can be clearly identified,
and the follow-up dates will help to ensure timeliness in implementation.
5 RECORD KEEPING
A written description of the risk assessment must be kept for reference for 3 years.
The Risk Assessment Form can be used for record keeping, training and reviewing.
All risk assessment records should be concise and kept in a register. The records
should include the following information:
1) Names and designations of risk assessment team members

2) Inventory of work activities by process or location, associated with machinery,
equipment and chemicals
3) Hazards identification for each work activity, and possible types of accident or
incident
4) Existing risk control measures
5) Risk level for each hazard
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6) Recommendations on additional risk controls required
7) Persons involved in implementing the measures on risk reduction
8) Signatures, date and designations of the persons conducting risk assessment
9) Signature, date and designation of management approving or endorsing the
assessment
6 IMPLEMENTATION & REVIEW
The results of risk assessment must be approved and endorsed by the top
management. The employer should as far as is practicable, implement the
recommended risk control measures as soon as possible.
An action plan should be prepared to implement the measures. The plan should
include a time line of implementation and responsibilities of persons implementing
the safety and health control measures. The plan should be monitored regularly until
all the measures are implemented.
Regular review of the risk assessment plan is critical. While employers are required
to review their plans every three years, a review should take place whenever:
1) New information on safety and health risks surfaces;
2) There are changes to the area of work and / or
3) After any accident / incident.
The risk assessment team should undertake the same 3 steps (hazard identification,
risk evaluation and risk control) when conducting a risk assessment review.
Regular auditing is required to ensure that risk control measures have been
implemented and are functioning effectively.
COMMUNICATION
Throughout the risk management process, communication amongst stakeholders at
every step is essential.
Communication:
• Engages and involves people to contribute to the risk management process
• Provides clarity on the risks, processes, control measures, perceptions etc.
• Helps stakeholders to make informed decisions
• Enables stakeholders to know the risks they face and the appropriate control
measures to implement to reduce the risks.
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GLOSSARY
Contractor
A person engaged by another person (referred to as principal) otherwise than under a contract of service –
a) to supply any labour for gain or reward; or
b) to do any work for gain or reward,
in connection with any trade, business, profession or undertaking carried on by the other person.
Hazard
Anything or any source or situation with the potential to cause harm or injury. Hazards may be classified as:
• Chemical, e.g. acids, alkalis, solvents;
• Biological, e.g. bacteria, fungi and viruses;
• Electrical, e.g. frayed wires;
• Ergonomic, e.g. repetitive work, awkward postures, prolonged standing;
• Mechanical, e.g. damaged equipment, forklifts, cranes, power presses;
• Physical, e.g. excessive noise, heat, radiation;
Likelihood
Probability or frequency of an event occurring
Occupational Safety & Health Management System (OSHMS)
OSHMS is part of the overall management system that facilitates the management of the safety and health risks
associated with the business of the organization.
This includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the organisation’s OSH policy.
(Source: SS 506: OSH Management System)
Principal
A person who, in connection with any trade, business, profession or undertaking carried on by him, engages any
other person otherwise than under a contract of service –
a) to supply any labour for gain or reward; or
b) to do any work for gain or reward.
Risk
Likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific harm or injury. More specifically, it is the likelihood of accidents or
ill-health occurring at work and the consequences of such occurrences.
Risk Assessment
OSH risk assessment is the process of identifying hazards, evaluating the risks, and determining the appropriate
options for risk control.
Risk Management
OSH risk management involves the assessment of risks associated with any work activity or trade, control and
monitoring of such risks, as well as communicating these risks.
Safe Work Procedures (SWPs)
Step-by-step procedures of doing or carrying out work safely.
Self-employed person
A person who works for gain or reward otherwise than under a contract of service, whether or not employing
others.
Severity
Degree or extent of injury or harm caused by hazard, or as a result of an accident.
Subcontractor
A person engaged by any contractor or subcontractor –
a) To supply any labour for gain or reward; or
b) To do any work for gain or reward,
which the contractor or subcontractor has been engaged as contractor or subcontractor.
15
APPENDIX A
INSTRUCTIONS TO EMPLOYERS & PERSONS CONDUCTING RISK
ASSESSMENT
1. Before completing the risk assessment form, complete the Inventory of Work
Activities Form. You may use one inventory form for each work process.
2. Outline the process workflow and indicate the process location under the
“Process / Location” column.
3. For each work process, list all activities (routine and non-routine) in sequence
under the “Work Activities” column.
You may use one Risk Assessment Form for each work process.
4. Record the names and designations of risk assessment team members in the
Risk Assessment Form.
5. Start with the first activity listed in the Inventory of Work Activities Form. Record
this in columns 1a and 1b of the Risk Assessment Form.
6. Identify the hazards associated with each activity and record these in column 1c.
7. For each hazard identified, determine the consequence (possible accident / ill
health and persons-at-risk) and record this in column 1d.
8. If there is any existing control measure(s) for the hazard, record this in column 2a.
9. Determine the severity of the accident or incident or ill health based on the table
below, and record this in column 2b.
Severity Description
No injury, injury or ill-health requiring first aid treatment only
Minor (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill-health with temporary discomfort)
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to disability

(includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis, deafness,
Moderate work-related upper limb disorders)

(includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupational cancer,
Major acute poisoning and fatal diseases)
10. Taking into consideration the existing control measure(s), estimate the likelihood
of occurrence of each accident or incident or ill health based on the table below,
and record this in column 2c.
Likelihood Description
Remote Not likely to occur
Frequent Common or repeating occurrence
11. Based on the severity and likelihood, assign the Risk Level for each hazard using
the risk matrix below, and record this in column 2d.
16
APPENDIX A
Likelihood
Severity
Severity
Major Medium Risk High Risk High Risk
12. Based on the Risk Level assigned, suggest appropriate risk control measures
(see table below) and record these in column 3a following the hierarchy:
Elimination, Substitution, Engineering Controls, Administrative Measures
and Personal Protective Equipment.
Risk Risk
Recommended actions
level Acceptability
No additional risk control measures may be needed.
Low However, frequent review may be needed to ensure that
Acceptable
Risk the risk level assigned is accurate and does not increase
over time.
A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out

to ensure that the risk level is reduced to as low as is
Medium Moderately practicable within a defined time period.
Risk acceptable Interim risk control measures, such as administrative
controls, may be implemented.
Management attention is required.
High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk

There should not be any interim risk control measures
and risk control measures should not be overly
High Not
dependent on personal protective equipment or
Risk acceptable
appliances. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated
Immediate management intervention is required before
work commences.
13. With the consensus of management or employer, assign a suitable person to

implement the recommended risk control(s), and indicate the follow-up date in
column 3b.
14. Repeat risk assessment for other activities and processes listed in the Inventory
of Work Activities Form.
15. Management or employer must endorse and approve the risk assessment;
communicate all risk assessments to employees; monitor follow-up actions, and
keep the risk assessment records for at lest 3 years.
16. Conduct another round of risk assessment after the risk control measures have
been implemented; use a new form to indicate the reduction in risk levels.
17. Review the risk assessment records every 3 years or whenever there are
changes in processes or work activities or after an accident/incident, whichever is
earlier.
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APPENDIX A
INVENTORY OF WORK ACTIVITIES
Company:
No. Process / Location Work Activities
1.
18
APPENDIX A
RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
Company: Conducted by:
Process/ Location: (Names, designations)
Approved by: (Date)
(Name, designation)
(Date) Last Review Date: Next Review Date:
1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a. 3b.
Action
Possible Accident / Ill Existing Risk Additional Officer,
Control Risk Designation
No. Work Activity Hazard Health & Persons-at- Severity Likelihood Risk Control
Level
Risk (if any) Measures (Follow-up
date)
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APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B WORKED EXAMPLES
Here are two worked examples of risk assessment forms. The activities associated with each process, type of hazards, and the risk
control measures in these examples are generic and not exhaustive, and may not be applicable to similar work in your workplace.
SCENARIO 1 – SPRAY PAINTING

A factory employs a worker to carry out spray painting of 15-kg metal drums. The work activities of the spray paint worker involve moving the
metal drums into the spray paint booth, preparing and mixing solvent-based paint, and carrying out spray painting. The worker is provided with
safety shoes, organic vapour respirators, and rubber gloves for his work. He moves 30 drums manually into the spray booth in a typical working
day. Safety data sheets for the spray paint indicate the presence of toxic and flammable solvents such as toluene and xylene. Safe work
procedures for spray painting are implemented.

Company: XYP Co Pte Ltd Conducted by: Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager; Ong Huat Teng,
Process/ Location: Spray Painting / Workshop (Names, designations) Supervisor; Tan Ah Lim, Spray Painter.
Approved by: Song Heng Poh (Date) 01 September 2004
(Name, designation) General Manager
(Date) 01 September 2005 Last Review Date: 01 Sep 2004 Next Review Date: 01 Sep 2007

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a. 3b.
Possible Accident Likeli- Risk Action Officer,
Existing Risk Additional Risk
No. Activity Hazard / Ill Health & Severity Designation
Control hood Level Control Measures
Persons-at-Risk (Follow-up date)
1 Moving Falling Worker’s feet can Safety shoes Moderate Frequent High Provide mechanical Ho Beng Long,
metal object be crushed by lifting devices e.g. Plant Manager
drums to metal drum causing forklift for moving (15/12/2004)
spray injury metal drums to
booth Unsafe work Manual handling of Training Moderate Occasional Medium spray booth
practice 15 kg drum can
cause back injury
2 Preparing Toxic Exposure to spray Organic vapour Moderate Remote Low Substitute solvent- Ho Beng Long,
and solvent paint solvents can respirators; based paint with Plant Manager
mixing vapours cause ill health Safe work high-solids coatings (02/01/2006);
paint procedures; or use airless spray
Local exhaust method;
ventilation Tan Ah Lim,
system for Keep minimum Operator; Ong
spray booth quantity of Huat Teng,
Flammable Fire from solvents Safe work Major Remote Medium flammable liquids in Supervisor,
20
APPENDIX B
solvents and can result in procedures the vicinity of (15/09/2004);
ignition serious injury or spraying operation;
sources death of worker Ho Beng Long,
and nearby people Provide adequate Plant Manager,
fire extinguishers. (30/09/2004)
3 Carrying Toxic Exposure to spray Organic vapour Moderate Remote Low Regular Ho Beng Long,
out spray solvent paint solvents can respirators, maintenance of Plant
painting vapours result in ill health Safe work spray booth e.g. Manager
procedures; changing of filters (15/01/2005)
Local exhaust and testing for
ventilation airflow; Monitor Tan Ah Lim,
system worker’s exposure Operator; Ong
to solvent vapours Huat Teng,
Flammable Explosion from Safe work Major Remote Medium Supervisor
spray paint spray paint mists & procedures; Use explosion (15/09/2004)
mists / vapours can result Emergency proof type of lights
vapours and in serious injury or plan; and fixtures; Ho Beng Long,
ignition death of worker PPE Use a non-sparking Plant Manager
sources and nearby people exhaust fan; (30/09/2004)
Bond and ground
spraying equipment
and conductive
objects
21
APPENDIX B
SCENARIO 2 – PAPER SLITTING PROCESS
A worker operates a paper slitting machine. His work includes loading 10 kg of paper rolls onto the machine, cutting the paper and unloading
the cut paper. He also needs to repair and maintain the machine regularly as well as to change the blades of the machine.
Company: XYP Co Pte Ltd Conducted by: Ho Beng Long, Production Manager; Ong
Process/ Location: Paper Slitting / Cutting Dept (Names, designations) Huat Teng, Supervisor; Tan Ah Lim,
Approved by: Song Heng Poh (Date) Operator.

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a. 3b.
Possible Existing Risk Action Officer,
Work Control Likeli- Risk Additional Risk
No. Hazard Accident/Ill-health Severity Designation
Activity (if any) hood Level Control Measures
& Persons-at-Risk (Follow-up date)
1 Loading the Slitting Small cuts when Instructions on Minor Occasional Low Use leather hand gloves Ong Huat Teng,
machine knives or contacting the safe work Supervisor; Tan
with paper blades knives during setting practice Ah Lim, Operator
roll (30/9/2004)
2 Operating Unguarded Serious cuts & Audio & visual Major Occasional High Introduce daily start-up Ong Huat Teng,
the machine machine hands getting warning; delayed check on safety function; Supervisor;
caught in the start-up after Install machine guarding (13/03/2005)
rotating parts of the “on-button” on rotating parts Ho Beng Long,
machine pressed Plant Mgr
(01/02/2005)
Flying Serious cuts & eye Warning signs; Major Remote Medium Use knife with stronger Ho Beng Long,
fragments injuries by flying Training of new blades; Production Mgr
fragments of blades employees; Install machine guarding (10/10/2005);
that break during Face shields; on rotating parts (01/02/2005)
slitting Safety goggles;
PPE
3 Unloading Heavy Muscular strain Correct lifting Minor Occasional Low Consider mechanical Ho Beng Long,
slit papers load when lifting slit posture devices e.g. “scissors” Production Mgr
papers on pallets stacker (01/11/2004)
4 Repair & Unguarded Serious cuts from Delayed start-up Major Occasional High Install guarding on Ho Beng Long,
maintenance machine; knives & getting after “on-button” rotating parts; Production Mgr
of the unsafe caught in rotating pressed Lock-out & tag-out (01/02/2005);
machine work parts if machine is procedure for repair & Ong Huat Teng,
practice accidentally started maintenance Supervisor
(01/12/2004)
22
APPENDIX C
INSTRUCTIONS TO EMPLOYERS & PERSONS CONDUCTING
TRADE-BASED RISK ASSESSMENT
Before completing the risk assessment form, complete the Inventory of Trades Form.
1. List all trades or jobs and the names of persons doing the job under the “Trade”
column.
2. For each trade or job, list and describe the main activities under the “Main
activities” column.
You may use one Trade-Based Risk Assessment Form for each trade.
3. Record the names and designations of risk assessment team members in the
4. Start with the first trade listed in the Inventory of Trade Form. Record this in the
5. Identify the hazards associated with the activity of the trade, categorise the
hazards by type (e.g. chemical, physical, electrical and mechanical hazards)
and briefly describe these in column 1.
6. For each hazard identified, indicate whether it can cause harm (i.e. whether the
hazard poses a risk) by a tick in the “Yes” or “No” box in column 2.
7. If the hazard can cause harm, list all possible risk control measures (including
existing measures) in column 3a to eliminate the hazard or reduce the risk
following the hierarchy of control measures: “Elimination, Substitution,
Engineering Controls, Administrative Controls and PPE”. Leave blank spaces
for future additions.
8. Tick the boxes next to the listed actions that are existing hazard control
measures.
9. For those items that are not ticked, indicate the names of persons who are
responsible for implementing the control measures, and state the dates of
implementation in column 3b.
10. For any existing hazard control measures to be removed, state the reasons in
column 3b.
11. Repeat steps 2 to 8 for the other trades listed in the Inventory of Trades Form.
12. Management or employer must endorse and approve the risk assessments.
Employer must communicate all risk assessments to employees, monitor the
follow-up actions, and keep the risk assessment records for at least 3 years.
13. After the risk control measures have been implemented, conduct another round
of risk assessment using a new risk assessment form.
14. Review the risk assessment records every 3 years or whenever there are
changes in trades or work activities or after an accident/incident, whichever is
earlier.
23
APPENDIX C
INVENTORY OF TRADES
Company:
No Trade Main Activity
24
APPENDIX C
TRADE-BASED RISK ASSESSMENT FORM

Company: Conducted by:
Job: (Names, designations)
Approved by: (Date)
(Name, designation) Last Review Next Review
(Date) Date: Date:
1. Hazard 2. Risk
3. Risk Control Actions
Identification Evaluation
1. 2. 3a. 3b.
Is hazard
Hazards List of risk control measures
likely to Implementation date & Action officer /
associated
harm Tick if it is an existing measure Remarks
with trade
someone?

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

25
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX D WORKED EXAMPLES (TRADE- BASED RISK ASSESSMENT FORM)

The activities associated with each trade, type of hazards, and the risk control measures in these examples are generic and not
exhaustive, and may not be applicable to similar work in your workplace.
SCENARIO 1 – SPRAY PAINTING

A factory employs a worker to carry out spray painting of 15-kg metal drums. The work activities of the spray paint worker involve moving the
metal drums into the spray paint booth, preparing and mixing solvent-based paint, and carrying out spray painting. The worker is provided with
safety shoes, organic vapour respirators, and rubber gloves for his work. He moves 30 drums manually into the spray booth in a typical working
day. Safety data sheets for the spray paint indicate the presence of toxic and flammable solvents such as toluene and xylene. Safe work
procedures for spray painting are implemented.
Company: XYP Co Pte Ltd Conducted by:
Job: Spray Painter Ho Beng Long, Production Manager; Ong Huat Teng,
(Names, designations)
Supervisor; Tan Lim, Operator.
Approved by: Song Heng Poh (Date)
1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control Actions

1. 2. 3a. 3b.
Hazards associated Is hazard likely to List of risk control measures Implementation date & Action officer
with trade harm someone? Tick if it is an existing measure. / Remarks
Limbs crushed due to Moving drums using mechanical devices 15/12/2004 – Ho Beng Long
falling metal drum while ;Yes No ; Use safety shoes
moving it to spray booth
Other suggestion for actions can be added here
Back injury due to Handle drums using mechanical devices 15/12/2004 – Ho Beng Long
manual handling of drum
while moving drum to ;Yes No ; Conduct training on the correct way of moving a metal drum
spray booth Other suggestion for actions can be added here
Excessive exposure of Substitute solvent-based paint with high-solids coatings 02/01/2006 – Ho Beng Long
toxic solvent vapours Use airless spray method 16/02/2005 – Ho Beng Long
during:
;Yes No ; Install a local exhaust ventilation system
• preparation and
; Implement safe work procedures
26
APPENDIX D
mixing of paint Conduct regular maintenance of spray booth 15/01/2005 – Ho Beng Long
• spray painting ;Yes No Monitor worker’s exposure to solvent vapours 15/01/2005 – Ho Beng Long
; Use organic vapour respirators
Fire and explosions due Substitute solvent-based paint with high-solids coatings 02/01/2006 – Ho Beng Long
to: Use a non-sparking exhaust fan 15/09/2004 – Ong Huat Teng
• Flammable solvents ;Yes No Use airless spray method 16/02/2005 – Ho Beng Long
and ignition sources
from the preparation Bond and ground spraying equipment and conductive objects 15/09/2004 – Tan Lim; Ong Huat Teng
and mixing of paint Use explosion proof type of lights and fixtures 15/09/2004 – Tan Lim; Ong Huat Teng
• Flammable solvents ;Yes No ; Install a local exhaust ventilation system
and ignition sources
; Implement safe work procedures
from spray painting
; Conduct regular emergency response exercise
Keep min quantity of flammable liquids in spraying vicinity 15/09/2004 – Ong Huat Teng, Tan Lim
Provide adequate fire extinguishers 30/09/2004 – Ho Beng Long
; Use PPE
SCENARIO 2 – PAPER SLITTING PROCESS

A worker operates a paper slitting machine. His work includes loading 10 kg of paper rolls onto the machine, cutting the paper and unloading
the cut paper. He also needs to repair and maintain the machine regularly as well as to change the blades of the machine.
Company: XYP Co Pte Ltd Conducted by:
Job: Paper slitting machine Operator Ho Beng Long, Production Manager; Ong Huat Teng, Supervisor;
(Names, designations)
Tan Lim, Operator.
Approved by: Song Heng Poh (Date)
1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control Actions

1. 2. 3a. 3b.
Hazards associated with Is hazard likely to List of risk control measures. Implementation date & Action officer
trade harm someone? Tick if it is an existing measure. / Remarks
27
APPENDIX D
Cuts from knives due to ; Implement safe work practice

contact with blades while ;Yes No Use leather hand gloves 30/09/2004 – Ong Huat Teng, Tan Lim
loading machine with paper roll
Cuts from knives due to: ; Delayed start-up after “on-button” is pressed
Accidental start-up of machine ;Yes No Install machine guarding on rotating parts 01/02/2005 – Ho Beng Long
during the repair & Implement lock-out and tag-out procedures 01/12/2004 – Ong Huat Teng
maintenance
Limbs/clothing/ hair getting Install machine guarding on rotating parts 01/02/2005 – Ho Beng Long
caught in rotating parts due to: ; Delayed start-up after “on-button” pressed
• Unguarded machine ;Yes No Conduct daily start-up check on safety functions 13/03/2005 – Ong Huat Teng
during operation
; Implement lock-out tag-out for repair & maintenance
• Unguarded machine
during repair and ;Yes No ; Install audio and visual warning alarms and LED
maintenance ; Conduct training on safe work procedures
; Tie up loose hair
; Tuck in any loose clothing
Muscular strain due to: Replace manual lifting with mechanical devices 01/11/2004 – Ho Beng Long
Heavy load when lifting slit ;Yes No ; Handle smaller loads at a time
papers on pallets for unloading
; Conduct training on correct lifting posture
purpose
; Observe regular rest intervals
Serious cuts and eye injuries Replace knife with stronger blades 10/10/2005 – Ho Beng Long
due to: Install machine guarding on rotating parts 01/02/2005 – Ho Beng Long
Flying fragments of blades that ;Yes No ; Conduct training for new employees
break during operation of
slitting machine ; Display warning signs
; Provide and use face shields, safety goggles
28
A Quick Guide to Risk Assessment
Part 1: Introduction
What is Risk Assessment? Relevant information should also be collated to facilitate better
It is the process of: understanding of the work process.
1. Identifying and analysing safety and health hazards
associated with work
What to know? Where to find?
2. Assessing the risks involved and
3. Prioritising measures to control the hazards and • Where the work is carried out • Plant layout plan
reduce the risks • Who is doing the work • Flowchart of processes
• What equipment is used • List of work activities/trades
• What steps are involved • List of chemicals, machinery
Why should we do Risk Assessment? • What the existing control
measures are •
and tools used
Records of past incidents and
• What do existing regulations accidents
Risk assessment allows us identify the hazards at the and codes of practices • Relevant legislations, codes of
workplace and implement effective risk control measures stipulate practice or specifications
before they escalate into accidents and injuries. • Observations and interviews
• Inspection records
• Details of existing risk controls
Under the new Workplace Safety and Health (Risk • Health and safety audit
Management) Regulations, every workplace, including reports
• Feedback from staff, clients,
factories, should conduct risk assessments for all routine and suppliers or other stakeholders
non-routine work undertaken. • Safe work procedures and
copies of previous risk
assessments
How is Risk Assessment done?
Prior to conducting Risk Assessment, adequate preparation Having completed the preparation work, workplace risks may then be
must be done. A risk assessment team should be formed, assessed in 3 simple steps:
preferably consisting personnel from the various levels of 1. Hazard Identification
participation in the work activity. 2. Risk Evaluation
3. Risk Control
Part 2: Generic Steps of Risk Assessment
1 HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION
2 RISK
EVALUATION
3 RISK
CONTROL
• Identify hazards • Estimate the risk levels of • Formulate the control

• Identify potential the workplace hazards measures according to
accidents or incidents identified the Hierarchy of Controls
• Prioritise the hazards to • Analyse and evaluate
be controlled residual risks
STEP 1: Hazard Identification
Hazard Identification involves identifying the hazards associated with the activity of each process and type of potential accidents or incidents.
During this phase, the aim is to spot hazards, brainstorm on all the possible types of accidents and ill health that can happen due to the
hazard, and identify the persons that can be victims of the accident or ill health.
Types of accident, incident and ill health may include: You may wish to consider the following when trying to
look for instances of hazardous work:
√ Person falling from height
√ Object falling from height Method of work e.g. repeated tasks and unsafe
√ Slips or falls on the same level work practices
√ Electrocution Electrical and mechanical hazards
√ Asphyxiation Excessive manual material handling e.g. lifting,
√ Drowning pulling and pushing
√ Noise induced deafness Excessive exposure to chemicals e.g. corrosive
√ Dermatitis substances
√ Collapse of structure Machinery e.g. unguarded machines
√ Fire and explosion Temporary structures e.g. scaffolds
√ Struck by or against object Environmental conditions e.g. slippery surfaces,
√ Soft tissue damage (sprains, strains) lighting, unstable soil conditions
Layout and location of equipment
Persons-at-risk may include:
√ Persons directly involved in the operation

√ Persons not directly involved in the operation
√ Visitors to the workplace
√ Members of the public

A simple way of identifying hazards for a particular work activity is to divide the work activity into the major steps of carrying out the work and
analyse the steps individually for the presence of hazards. It is also important to differentiate between hazards and accidents or ill-health,
which are events caused by inadequate control of hazards. The following chart illustrates the method of identifying hazards systematically
and also gives examples for hazards leading up to certain events:
Divide into Accidents or Ill-health

Work Activity Major Steps Spot the Hazards Arising from Hazards
… …
1. Moving metal drums to the spray booth … …
e.g. Spray … …
Painting … …
2. Preparing and mixing paint … …
… …
Further expansion for step 3:
3. Carrying out spray painting
- Toxic solvent vapours - Exposure to spray paint
- Flammable spray paint mists solvents can result in ill health
or vapours and ignition - Explosion from spray paint mists
sources and vapours can result in
serious injury or death of the
worker and nearby people

STEP 2: Risk Evaluation
Risk evaluation is the process of estimating the risk levels for the hazards and their acceptability. This is used as a base for prioritising
actions to control these hazards and minimise safety and health risks.
Risk is made up of 2 parts:

1. Predicted SEVERITY of the hazard and,
2. LIKELIHOOD of occurrence of the accident, incident or ill health taking into account the existing risk controls
Factors to take into consideration:

EXISTING RISK CONTROLS must be taken into account when assessing risks. By considering the effectiveness of these controls, and the
consequences of their failure, the risk of the activity can be better assessed.
SEVERITY is the degree or extent of injury or harm caused by the hazards, or as a result of an accident. The severity is classified into 3
categories: Minor, Moderate and Major.
LIKELIHOOD of occurance of an accident, incident or ill health may be defined as the probability that the said incident will happen and is also
classified into 3 categories: Remote, Occasional or Frequent. To minimise the subjectivity of estimating likelihood, in addition to looking at
existing risk controls, the following sources of information should be considered:
√ Past incident and accident records
√ Industry practice and experience
√ Relevant published literature
RISK LEVEL may be determined once the severity and likelihood have been established. This may be achieved by using a 3 by 3 matrix.
The size of the matrix may vary according to complexity of the work conditions.
The following chart illustrates how severity and likelihood come together to help determine risk level.

Risk Evaluation Map
Determine Likelihood
Determine Severity
No injury, injury or ill-health requiring first aid treatment only Remote Not likely to occur
Minor (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill-health with
temporary discomfort
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to

Moderate disability (includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor Frequent Common or repeating occurance
fractures, dermatitis, deafness)

Major (includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries,
occupational cancer, acute poisoning and fatal diseases) Likelihood
Determine Risk
Severity Likelihood
Severity

Example:
If the consequence of a hazard is Major Medium Risk High Risk High Risk
identified to have moderate severity
and occasional likelihood, the risk
level may be determined to be 1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK
medium. IDENTIFICATION EVALUATION CONTROL
STEP 3: Risk Control
How to establish methods of eliminating or reducing the risks?

Based on the risk level determined in STEP 2, risk controls should be selected to reduce or confine the risk level to an acceptable level. The
following table suggests the acceptability of risk for different risk levels.
Risk Level Acceptability of Risk

Low Acceptable
Medium Moderately Acceptable
High Not Acceptable
In order to prioritise the risk controls adequately, the formulation of such risk controls may take into consideration the relative risk levels of the
different hazards and the cost and benefit of the controls. The residual risk after the implementation of the controls should also be evaluated.
Reasonably practicable measures must be taken to maintain the risk level within the acceptable range. It is essential for risks to be
eliminated or reduced ‘at source’. If the risk level is high, work cannot commence until the risk level is reduced to the medium level.
What risk control methods are there?

Methods to control risks may be analysed according to the Hierarchy of Controls: Elimination, Substitution, Engineering Controls,
Administrative Controls and Personal Protective Equipment. Elimination of the hazard should take first priority while personal protective
equipment should be the last line of defence.
Following is an example of the possible control measures applicable to a spray painting activity.

WORK
ACTIVITY HAZARD POSSIBLE CONTROL MEASURES HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
Spray Inhalation of Alter the process plan so that the article does not need
Painting toxic vapours to be spray painted. Colour the article using a different Elimination
of Article method. For example using pre-coloured materials
Replace the harmful components of the spray painting Substitution

chemicals with non-toxic chemicals
Use automated machines to carry out spray painting. Engineering

Enclose the article to be spray-painted. Controls
Train workers on the hazards of spray painting and Administrative

assigned competent persons to carry out the work Controls
activity.
Provide approved and adequate PPE for the spray Personal

painting activity. Respirators must be fit-tested and Protective
workers must be trained to use them correctly. Equipment

Part 3: Risk Assessment as a Component of Risk Management
Risk assessment, when carried out appropriately, will allow better understanding of the risks at the workplace and their control measures. It is
a key component of Risk Management. Besides Risk Assessment, Risk Management also consists of other components such as
Communication, Record Keeping and Implementation and Review. Together they form the Risk Management Process. A schematic diagram
of the Risk Management Process is illustrated below:
COMMUNICATION
1 2 3 4 5 6
Preparation Hazard Risk Risk Record Implementation
Identification Evaluation Control Keeping & Review
Æ Form RA Æ Identify Æ Estimate risk Æ Formulate Æ Keep risk Æ Review risk

Team hazards levels based control assessme assessments:
Æ Gather Æ Identify on identified measures nt reports • Once every 3
relevant potential hazards. according to for at least years;
information accidents / Æ Prioritise the the Hierarchy 3 years. • Whenever new
incidents hazards to be of Controls: information on
controlled • Elimination OSH risks
• Substitution surfaces;
• Engineering • When there are
controls changes to work
• Administrative processes and /
controls or;
• PPE • After any
Æ Analyse and accident/incident.
evaluate
residual risk
Risk Assessment (RA)
Occupational Safety and Health Division (OSHD)
Ministry of Manpower (MOM)
AN AID TO HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL IN RISK ASSESSMENT FOR

SOME TYPICAL PROCESSES AND WORK ACTIVITIES
IN CHEMICAL & GAS BOTTLING PLANTS
The information here is intended to assist employers, manufacturers, suppliers and

users conducting risk assessments to identify hazards, possible accidents/ill-health,
and suitable control measures from common work activities in chemical and gas
bottling plants.
The processes and work activities stated here are only some typical examples and
may vary from workplace to workplace.
The possible hazards, accidents/ill-health and suggested control measures supplied

below are not exhaustive. Other possible hazards not indicated should also be
controlled to required standards but are not dealt with here.
It is essential for risks to be eliminated or reduced “at source”. If a risk cannot be

controlled completely by engineering measures, it is necessary to protect the
employees by administrative control@ or personal protection. The control of hazards
and reduction of risks can be accomplished by following the hierarchy of control
methods below. These control measures are not usually mutually exclusive. e.g.
engineering controls can be implemented together with administrative controls like
training and safe work procedures.
@ Training, safe work procedures, scheduling incompatible work, etc.
Eliminate /
Substitute
Most
Engineering preferred
Controls
Administrative
Least
Measures preferred
PPE
For ease of reference in completing the Risk Assessment Form in Appendix 12 of

MOM’s OSH Guidelines on Risk Assessment, the items in the examples provided in
this aid have been arranged and labelled ‘1a.’, ‘1b.’ etc. to indicate the respective
columns in the Risk Assessment Form to which the items apply. The “Possible Risk
Control” items may apply to either Existing Risk Control (2a) or Additional Risk
Control (2b) in the Risk Assessment Form.
-1-
Chemical Handling and Blending Process
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
No. Work Activity Hazard Possible Accident / Ill- Possible Risk Control
Health
1 Receiving bulk chemicals Moving vehicles Injuries or deaths from • Attend and complete forklift driver training
traffic accident • Abide by speed limit
• Designate loading/unloading bay
• Install warning alarms
Leaking drums / Chemical spill, excessive • Install gas/vapour detection systems
containers inhalation / skin • Place drum/containers on spill control pallets
absorption of chemicals • Build bund walls
• Implement emergency plans
• Conduct regular drills
Inhalation of fugitive Ill-health from chemical • Install gas/vapour detection systems
chemical emissions overexposure • Install ventilation system in storage area
• Provide well-ventilated, non-air-conditioned work area
Inhalation of hazardous Ill-health from chemical • Engage competent person in charge to manage hazardous
products from overexposure substances
undesirable reactions • Segregate incompatibles
upon incompatible mixing • Provide well-ventilated, non-air-conditioned work area
• Label chemicals
• Obtain and use information in MSDSs
• Provide hazard communication training
• Implement safe work procedures
Fire and explosions from Injuries / deaths • Segregate incompatibles
excessive heat produced • Prohibit ignition, heat sources, smoking and open flames
and flammable vapours • Provide well-ventilated, non-air-conditioned work area
• Label chemicals
• Obtain and use information in MSDSs
• Provide hazard communication training
• Install deluge / fixed water systems
2 Weighing of raw Fire and explosions Injuries / deaths • Install local exhaust ventilation system
materials • Install dilution ventilation
• Provide well-ventilated work area
• Prohibit ignition, heat sources, smoking and open flames
-2-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
• Provide and attend training on fire and explosion safety
Excessive inhalation of Ill-health due to chemical • Install local exhaust ventilation system
solvent vapours overexposure • Build enclosure around weighing scale
• Automate weighing system
• Practice good housekeeping
• Provide and attend training on solvent hazards and control
measures
• Provide, use and maintain respiratory protection
Excessive skin Dermatitis, ill-health due • Automate washing/cleaning system
absorption of solvents to chemical • Implement safe work procedures
overexposure • Provide and attend training on solvent hazards and control
measures
• Provide, use and maintain eye, body and hand protection
dust (from raw materials overexposure • Build enclosure around weighing scale
in powder or solid form) • Automate weighing system
• Provide and attend training on dust hazards and dust control
measures
• Provide, use and maintain respiratory, eye, face, body and
hand protection
Burnt by corrosive Eye / skin burns • Install local exhaust ventilation system
solutions (e.g. acids, • Build enclosure around weighing scale
alkalis etc) • Automate weighing system
• Provide eye wash, emergency shower
• Provide and attend training on corrosive hazards and their
-3-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
control measures
• Provide, use and maintain eye, face, body and hand
protection
Splashes by chemicals Eye / skin irritation, • Install covers on mixer/blender
during agitation / mixing / dermatitis • Build enclosures around mixer/blender
blending • Implement safe work procedures
• Provide and attend training
• Provide, use and maintain eye and face protection
3 Mixing/Blending Limbs caught in moving Amputations, fractures, • Install machine guarding
mechanical parts of sprains • Install sensors
mixer / blender • Install warning alarms
• Provide and attend training on machine guarding
Fire & explosions Injuries / deaths • Install local exhaust ventilation
• Build covers on mixer/blender
• Build enclosures around mixer/blender
• Install dilution ventilation in work area
• Prohibit ignition, heat sources and open flames
Excessive inhalation of Ill-health due to chemical • Install local exhaust ventilation
solvent vapours overexposure • Build covers on mixer/blender
produced by agitation, • Build enclosures around mixer/blender
mixing or blending • Install dilution ventilation in work area
measures
Excessive noise Noise induced deafness • Substitute noisy mechanical parts with quieter ones
exposure from moving • Build enclosures padded with noise-absorbing materials
-4-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
mechanical parts of around mixer/blender
mixer / blender • Maintain mechanical parts regularly
• Provide and attend hearing conservation training
• Put up warning signs
• Provide, use and maintain hearing protection
Splashed by chemicals Eye / skin irritation, • Install covers on mixer/blender
during agitation / mixing / dermatitis • Build enclosures around mixer/blender
blending • Implement safe work procedures
4 Packing into smaller Fire & explosions Injuries / deaths • Automate packing system
containers / drums • Install local exhaust ventilation system
Excessive inhalation of Ill-health due to chemical • Automate packing system
solvent vapours overexposure • Install local exhaust ventilation system
produced during packing • Install dilution ventilation in work area
Splashed by chemicals Eye / skin irritation, • Automate packing system
during packing dermatitis • Build enclosures around packing system
Repeated lifting of Back aches, strains • Automate packing system
packed containers / • Use pallets with adjustable heights that respond to weight of
-5-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
drums packed containers/drums
• Provide mechanical lifting aids
• Provide and attend ergonomics training
• Use proper lifting posture
• Provide adequate breaks
5 Maintenance of Electrocution Electric shock, deaths • Implement log out/tag out
mixer/blender • Implement safe work procedures
Limbs caught in moving Amputations, fractures, • Implement log out/tag out
mechanical parts of sprains • Implement safe work procedures
mixer / blender • Provide and attend training on machine guarding
6 Cleaning/washing of Electrocution Electric shock, deaths • Implement log out/tag out
mixer/blending • Implement safe work procedures
Limbs caught in moving Amputations, fractures, • Implement log out/tag out
mechanical parts of sprains • Implement safe work procedures
mixer/blender • Provide and attend training on machine guarding
Excessive skin Dermatitis • Automate washing/cleaning system
absorption of solvents • Implement safe work procedures
Excessive inhalation of Ill-health due to chemical • Install local exhaust ventilation
solvent vapours overexposure • Install dilution ventilation in work area
measures
-6-
Typical Process for Pipe Maintenance
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
1 Isolate and purge Scalded from contact Burns on skin / eye • Monitor isolation and purging with Distributed Control
pipeline with heated piping System
with steam • Put up warning signs
• Communicate hazard to others in the vicinity prior to work
commencement
• Barricade area
Excessive noise Noise induced deafness • Put up warning signs
exposure from steam • Communicate hazard to others in the vicinity prior to work
emission commencement
• Barricade area
2 Remove pipe Inhalation of residue Ill-health due to acute • Ensure adequate purging
chemicals in pipe chemical overexposure • Ensure temperature and pressure within pipes are lowered
to ambient temperature
• Install gas/vapour detection systems
• Implement permit-to-work systems
• Provide and attend training on chemical safety
• Barricade area
• Provide, use and maintain respiratory, body, face and hand
protection
Burnt by corrosive Burns on skin / eye • Ensure adequate purging
chemical residue in pipe • Ensure temperature within pipes are lowered to ambient
temperature
• Implement permit-to-work systems
• Provide and attend training on chemical safety
• Barricade area
• Provide, use and maintain respiratory, body, face and hand
protection
Hit by pipes and other Bruises, sprains • Place warning tape on low overhead protrusions and pipes
protrusions • Barricade area
• Provide, use and maintain head protection
-7-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
3 Maintenance of pipe off- Excessive noise due to Noise induced deafness • Substitute noisy machines with quieter ones
site machining works • Enclose noisy processes
• Use silencers and mufflers
• Provide and attend hearing conservation training
cleaning solvent vapours overexposure • Cover and build enclosures around degreasing machines
measures
Excessive skin Dermatitis, ill-health due • Mechanise degreasing machines
absorption of cleaning to chemical • Implement safe work procedures
solvents overexposure • Provide and attend training
4 Re-install pipe Hit by pipes and other Bruises, sprains • Place warning tape on low overhead protrusions and pipes
protrusions • Barricade area
• Provide, use and maintain head protection
Typical Process for Loading Chemicals into Isotankers

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Possible Accident / Ill-
No. Work Activity Hazard Possible Risk Control
Health
1 Connect transfer pipes Hit by falling valve Body / head injuries • Substitute heavy valves with lighter ones
from vessel to isotanker • Use mechanical lifting aids
• Practice good housekeeping to ensure valve surface is kept
clean and is not slippery
• Provide, use and maintain PPE
-8-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
Falling from heights Deaths, fractures, • Provide a secure work platform
sprains • Install barricades
• Provide, use and maintain fall arrest devices
Chemical splash as valve Skin / eye burns • Use a quick connect valve instead of one with a handle that
is accidentally opened can easily twist open upon impact on ground
upon impact with the • Implement safe work procedures
ground • Provide and attend training
2 Load chemicals into Fugitive emissions of Ill-health due to chronic • Implement bottom-loading isotankers to minimise agitation
isotanker chemicals created in chemical overexposure during filling
headspace of isotanker • Provide and attend training on chemical safety
during filling • Implement safe work procedures
Chemical leaks due to Spills, ill-health due to • Engage a competent person to be in charge of hazardous
corrosion or wear and chemical overexposure substances to ensure compatibility of pipe material with
tear of transfer pipes chemicals transferred
• Conduct periodic checks and maintenance
Undesirable hazardous Ill-health due to chemical • Label all chemical drums/containers
products from mixing of overexposure • Ensure isotankers are clean before topping up/charging
incompatible chemicals • Provide and attend chemical safety training
Fire and explosion Deaths, injuries • Install solvent vapour recovery system
• Implement bottom-loading isotankers to reduce solvent
vapour emissions
3 Uncouple transfer pipes Hit by falling valve Head / body injuries • Substitute heavy valves with lighter ones
from isotanker • Use mechanical lifting aids
-9-
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
Falling from heights Deaths, fractures, • Provide a secure work platform
sprains • Install barricades
• Provide, use and maintain fall arrest devices
Chemical splash as valve Eye / skin burns or • Use a quick connect valve instead of one with a handle that
is accidentally opened irritation can easily twist open upon impact on ground
Typical Process for Unloading Chemicals from Isotankers

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
1 Connect transfer pipes Hit by falling valve Head / body injuries • Substitute heavy valves with lighter ones
from isotanker to • Use mechanical lifting aids
receiving vessel • Practice good housekeeping to ensure valve surface is kept
Chemical splash as valve Eye / skin burns, eye / • Use a quick connect valve instead of one with a handle that
is accidentally opened skin irritation can easily twist open upon impact on ground
2 Load chemicals into Undesirable hazardous Ill-health due to • Use pipes with different diameters for incompatible
receiving vessel products from mixing of inhalation of hazardous chemicals
incompatible chemicals chemicals • Colour code pipes
• Label pipes clearly
• Ensure hazard communication between driver and plant
personnel
• Provide and use Material Safety Data Sheets
• Provide and attend chemical safety training
Fire and explosions from Deaths, injuries • Install solvent vapour recovery system
- 10 -
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
heat produced and • Implement bottom-loading isotankers to reduce solvent
flammable vapours vapour emissions
Hit by falling valve Head / body injuries • Substitute heavy valves with lighter ones
• Use mechanical lifting aids
3 Uncouple transfer pipes Hit by falling valve Head / body injuries • Substitute heavy valves with lighter ones
from receiving vessel • Use mechanical lifting aids
Typical Process for the Changeover of Gas Cylinders

1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
- 11 -
Health
1 Disconnect line from Inhalation of residue gas Ill-health due to chemical • Isolate and purge line upstream
cylinder in line overexposure • Monitor isolation and purge through computerised system
• Build enclosures around gas cylinders
• Install local exhaust ventilation system
• Inform and train chemical suppliers / contractors
Inhalation of remaining Ill-health due to chemical • Install on-line gas level indicator
gas in cylinder overexposure • Install gas detection system
• Isolate and purge cylinder before disconnection
• Monitor isolation and purge through computerised system
• Install local exhaust ventilation system
Uncontrolled leak of Ill-health due to chemical • Isolate and purge line upstream
upstream gas into gas overexposure, • Install local exhaust ventilation system
cylinder storage area unconsciousness, deaths • Install gas detection system
• Install pressure indicator
• Install warning alarm
• Implement emergency shutdown system
• Conduct emergency planning
Hit by flying hose Bruises • Isolate line upstream
• Install pressure indicator
2 Remove gas cylinder Hit by toppling/falling Head / body injuries • Secure cylinders
after checking it is empty cylinder • Install pallets with mounted rollers for ease of moving
cylinders
Manual lifting of heavy Back aches / pains • Use mechanical lifting aids
- 12 -
1a. 1b. 1c. 1d. 2a. or 3a.
Health
cylinder • Install pallets with mounted rollers for ease of moving
cylinders
• Use proper lifting posture and method
3 Replace empty cylinder Hit by toppling/falling Head / body injuries • Secure cylinders
with filled cylinder cylinder • Install pallets with mounted rollers for ease of moving
cylinders
Manual lifting of heavy Back aches / pains • Use mechanical lifting aids
cylinder • Install pallets with mounted rollers for ease of moving
cylinders
• Use proper lifting posture and method
gas due to leaking overexposure • Install gas detection system
cylinder • Install pressure regulator and indicator
- 13 -
CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT
Client
THOMAS ENTERPRISES INC.
Project
10 TRINITY SQUARE
LONDON
10 TRINITY SQUARE
CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT BRUCESHAW
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report has been commissioned by Thomas Enterprises Inc. to prepare a Construction Method d) We have encouraged an experienced contractor to challenge our methodology and
Statement in support of a detailed planning application for the proposed development of 10 Trinity programme and their comments support the decisions of the Project Team.
Square in the City of London.. The development involves the renovation of the former Port of London
Authority, Grade II* listed building on Trinity Square, into a luxury hotel and ancillary facilities, and e) Based on an April 2009 commencement of demolition ‘soft strip’, we anticipate that the
private residential apartments. building envelope will be enclosed by circa August 2011, when scaffolding will be
removed and the final internal works and landscaping will be carried out with minimal
This report outlines how this project, will be constructed efficiently, under controlled environmental noise detriment to the neighbouring owners.
conditions. This method statement describes how we propose to minimise inconvenience to the
neighbouring owners.
Our high level target programme, which Bruce Shaw prepared in conjunction with the Architect, Woods
Bagot and structural engineer Buro Happold to reflect the design information as detailed in Appendix A
and the Buro Happold 3D Visualisation in Appendix B.
a) Woods Bagot have informed us that the planning application is to be made in November 2008
and DP9 have informed us that consent is projected for April 2009. Notwithstanding the
implications of a delayed planning consent, it is important that ‘soft strip’, asbestos removal and
protection within the existing building starts no later than the end of April 2009. The very nature
of the finishes within the existing building and the implications for English Heritage make this a
key activity, which should not be delayed. The principal demolition works will be in the courtyard
and the existing original elevations are to be retained which will reduce noise and disruption to
the neighbouring owners.
b) The first phase site investigations and structural survey investigations are complete and analysis
has enabled Buro Happold to make key decisions in respect of piling and foundation design. The
site investigation suggests that the central courtyard does contain rubble from war damage,
existing masonry footings and vaults which will impose an added constraint on the planned
progress of the works prior to the piling activity. On the basis of known information the early
construction activities have been sequenced to reflect these circumstances and the predicted
‘Soft Opening’ for the hotel will be at the end of February 2012.
c) The limited site investigation work has given a good indication of the position and nature of the
existing foundations of the main building and the piling and new foundation design has been
tailored to ensure the minimum disturbance to the existing structure whilst at the same time
maximising the available space within the new basement areas.
1 of 16 November 2008
10 TRINITY SQUARE
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction 7.0 Mitigation Issues
2.0 Programme of Works 7.1. Demolition and Construction Method Statement

7.2. Management of Trade Contractors
3.0 Materials and Resource Use 7.3. Public Relations
7.4. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
3.1. Deconstruction 7.5. Construction Vehicle Management
3.2 Construction 7.6. Access and Egress
3.3 Plant and Equipment 7.7. Road Cleanliness
3.4 Hours of Work 7.8. Management of Noise, Vibration and Dust
7.9. Waste Management Plan
7.10. Protection of Archaeological Resources
4.0 Proposed Construction Methodology 7.11. Protection of Ecological Resources
7.12. Protection of Views
4.1. Site Enabling and Deconstruction 7.13. Protection of Water Resources
4.2. Basement Excavation and Foundation Strategy 7.14. Energy and Water Usage
4.3. Retaining Structures
4.4. Superstructure
4.5. Façade 8.0 Conclusion
4.6. Fit-Out Works
4.7. Mechanical and Electrical Services  Appendix A – References / Design Information
4.8. External Works and Landscaping
4.9. Commissioning and Building Handover  Appendix B - Buro Happold 3D Visualisation
5.0 Site Logistics Prepared by Kieran Rothery
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Concrete Pumps
5.3. Site Accommodation
5.4. Personnel Access
5.5. Deliveries
5.6. Craneage
5.7. Construction Vehicle Movements
6.0 Potential Environmental Impacts
6.1 Potential Impacts during Demolition and Construction
10 TRINITY SQUARE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report has been prepared for the sole benefit, use and information of the Client, Thomas
Enterprises Inc. for the purposes set out in the report or instructions commissioning it.
The liability of Bruce Shaw Partnership in respect of the information contained in this report will not be
extended to any third party.
The report is a qualified assessment based on current information and is subject to refinement as the
project evolves. We have prepared our report to outline how this project will be constructed including a
review of the construction methodology and site logistics. This report describes the proposed outline
programme and key activities for deconstruction of part of the existing on-site buildings, the adjoining
Seething Lane Garden, along with the subsequent construction works. Potentially significant
environmental impacts associated with these activities are identified and, where necessary, proposals
for mitigation are outlined. Please refer to the ‘Design and Access Statement’ as prepared by Woods
Bagot that accompanies the planning application for a description of the Proposed Development itself.
Planning for deconstruction and construction is necessarily broad at this stage and may be subject to
modification during detailed construction planning. Consequently, a number of aspects of construction
in relation to environmental issues cannot, at this stage, be accurately predicted. For example, the
number of vehicles required during site works will be dependent on progress of the works against the
construction programme. This report has been written by Bruce Shaw, with assistance from Woods
Bagot, URS and Buro Happold.
2.0 PROGRAMME OF WORKS
The total duration for the excavations and reinforced concrete works to the basement as indicated in our
high level target programme is estimated to be 76 weeks and will comprise the following key stages:
· Deconstruction, enabling works and site clearance;

· Basement and foundation excavation, and construction of basements;
Refurbishment to the Grade II* Listed Building (this is covered under a separate listed building
consent) superstructure construction, fit-out and removal of construction machinery plant will follow with
a degree of concurrency for 72 weeks leading to a target ‘soft opening’ at the end of February 2012 and
a fully operational hotel coinciding with the opening ceremony of the London Olympic Games in July
2012
Our construction methodology statement which follows explains how this will be achieved.
The above programme assumes a traditional approach to the challenge of excavating and constructing
the basement structures to both Seething Lane Garden and the central courtyard and this is favoured by
potential contractors who have considered the problem in some detail as an exercise on our behalf to
verify our assumptions.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
3.0 MATERIALS AND RESOURCE USE
3.1 Deconstruction Table 1: Estimated Types of Plant during the Demolition and Construction Phase
A specialist waste management organisation will be employed during the demolition and construction Plant Stage
works with specific responsibility for the coordination of the disposal of all surplus materials and the Deconstruction Substructure Superstructure Fit-out
management of an effective document control system to track and confirm that the proper procedures
have been followed. The location of the waste handling site that the materials will be taken to will vary 360o Excavators 9 9 9
dependent upon their specific make up but we anticipate that sites in Hackney, Barking, Bromley by Breakers/Crushers/Dumpers 9 9 9
Bow, Greenwich, Edmonton and Rainham in Essex will be used amongst others as appropriate.
Wherever possible, materials will be recycled and re-used either onsite, or provided for use elsewhere. Mobile/Tower Cranes 9 9
Air Compressors 9 9 9 9
Approximately 63,000 cubic metres (m3) of building material is expected to be generated during Power Tools 9 9 9 9
demolition of the existing buildings and excavation of the basement, which comprises:
Hand/Power Tools 9 9 9 9
3
· 15,000 m demolition waste; and Wheel Washing Plant 9 9
· 48,000 m3 excavated material from the basement and foundations.
Piling Rigs 9
Scaffold 9 9 9
3.2 Construction Delivery Trucks 9 9 9 9
Estimates of key construction materials are listed below: Skips and Skip Trucks 9 9 9 9
Forklift Trucks 9 9 9 9
· 10,000 m3 of reinforced concrete; Note: 9 - Usage of plant at each stage.
· 1,600 tonnes of structural steelwork
· 4,800 m2 façade cladding; and
3.4 Hours of Work
· 20,000 m2 internal walls, partitions and general fit-out materials.
It is anticipated that the core working hours for demolition and construction will be set out as follows:
3.3 Plant and Equipment
· 0800 – 1800 hours Weekdays;
· 0800 – 1300 hours Saturday; and
Consideration has been given to the types of plant that are likely to be used on-site during the
· Working on Sunday will be subject to reasonable notice.
demolition and construction phases of the Proposed Development. The plant and equipment associated
with each key element of the construction process is set out in Table 1.
All work outside these hours will be subject to prior agreement, and/or reasonable notice to the
City of London (CoL), who may impose certain restrictions. Although night time working will
not normally be undertaken, it is expected that some deliveries will take place at night and that
certain works may have to be undertaken during this period.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
4.0 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY Diagram 1
4.1 Site Enabling and Deconstruction
Prior to deconstruction we propose that the asbestos removal and soft strip out works within the existing
building is completed. Deconstruction proper will then commence once access into the courtyard can be
provided, and although subject to the Highways Authorities agreement, it may be possible to make an
earlier start to construction of the upper levels by using a temporary crane for specific and coordinated
lifts positioned on Savage Gardens or Muscovy Street. The construction access/egress to the courtyard
will be provided by the construction of two ‘tunnels’, which will subsequently be incorporated within the
permanent works. Provision of this essential access requires careful temporary removal of a line of
columns and a limited amount of the existing façade to the Savage Gardens elevation as well as some Phase 2
minor internal demolition. We anticipate that this could be completed within twelve weeks, to allow truck
access to the courtyard for the removal of construction and demolition waste.
The results of the site investigation have confirmed the presence of significant war damage debris and
existing masonry structures and it will be necessary to carefully coordinate the removal of this material
prior to piling works. The Project Team will ensure that all appropriate measures are taken by the Access
contractors responsible for this key element of the work. Tunnels
4.2 Basement Excavation and Foundation Strategy
Phase 1 will take the construction as close as possible to the works access with the exact position
dependent on the agreed location for the works access as Diagram 1 and detailed analysis of the
ground conditions. During excavations, detailed monitoring of existing services, old tunnels and the like Phase 1
will be required. Archaeological input will also need to be considered, all which may have a negative
timing implication on the proposed construction programme. Phase 2 will be retained so that the
construction access can be used allowing the courtyard and Seething Lane Garden works to progress
concurrently.
The reinforced concrete works to the courtyard will commence before the concrete works to Seething
Lane Garden and a crane would be engaged full time in this area servicing the frame construction. The
reinforced concrete to Seething Lane Garden would progress in the same two phases as the
excavations. However the reinforced concrete to Phase 1 would have to be complete prior to Phase 2
commencing.
Between Phase 1 and Phase 2 the fact the truck route needs to be maintained for the courtyard works,
so there is no significant opportunity for overlap. However, once the excavation works commence in
Phase 2 of Seething Lane Garden, the steel frame will have commenced in the courtyard.
This will mean that the construction access will not be a significant materials route during Phase 2.
Materials such as structural steel will be lifted by crane over the building and utilised in the courtyard.
The new ground floor slab of the Seething Lane Garden would also be used as a loading area for two of
the three proposed cranes. The excavation works in Seething Lane Garden needs to be carried out in
two phases as Diagram 1.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
4.0 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY continued 4.6 Fit-Out Works
The first fix for the fit out to the inner rooms and apartments can commence as soon as the temporary
4.3 Retaining Structures weathering has been completed, which will allow the interior fit-out together with mechanical, electrical and
plumbing systems will commence.
It is expected that excavation of the Seething Lane Garden would be performed following installation of
perimeter retaining walls. Retaining measures will be designed by suitable contractors to allow for earth Both operatives and materials will be supplied to each floor utilising materials hoists strategically located
pressures and groundwater control issues. Without detailed knowledge of proposed excavation around the building. Work shall progress from the lowest floor upwards.
sequence, it is likely that propped retaining walls will be required for the basement excavation. A
specialist contractor will carry out a final detailed retaining wall design once the final basement level has Temporary lighting and power systems will be installed at each floor to serve these operations. Temporary
been established. welfare (toilet and washing) facilities will be provided every third floor for ease of access for all operatives.
The presence of existing hard standing, footings and substructures may present obstructions during
retaining works and basement excavation and will need to be considered in design of such works. 4.7 Mechanical and Electrical Services
Groundwater inflow will be considered when determining the details of basement construction and Long lead time issues and the essential coordination of the architectural and structural and mechanical
appropriate retaining walls. Retaining measures should be designed for groundwater cut-off. and electrical design requires that it should be sufficiently advanced by the end of January 2009 to enable
Drawdown of groundwater levels around the exterior of the site should be minimised as this may induce contractor procurement and negotiations to commence early 2009.
ground settlement affecting adjacent structures.
4.8 External Works and Landscaping

4.4 Superstructure
It is anticipated that once the structure and building envelopes have been completed to the top floor that
The superstructure works comprise new build which is primarily steel frame construction with composite works on completing the common/service areas surrounding the building will commence. This will include
concrete floors and works within the existing building to accommodate the additional loading imposed by completion of service and drainage lines, waterproofing to the basement, landscaping of Seething Lane
the new floors and alterations to the fabric of the building to allow for the change of use from offices to Garden, paving and erection of external lighting.
hotel. Of particular importance is the architectural steelwork which will be required within the courtyard
as part of the rotunda and façade support. Internal partitions will be a mix of blockwork and a proprietary Only when all external works are finalised and the building envelope is completed, will the safety hoarding
partitioning system and the building finishes will be world class, specified and installed to the highest of be dismantled and final ‘dressing’ of external public areas take place.
standards.
4.9 Commissioning and Building Handover

4.5 Façade
As each system is completed throughout the buildings, they will be tested in accordance with the
The courtyard glazing is a critical activity and one which will have a significant influence on the detailed mandatory specifications and codes. No enclosed spaces will be closed such as ceiling areas and service
design. In conjunction with Woods Bagot and Buro Happold, we have selected five specialist shafts until such tests are completed and signed off. Fire sprinkler systems will be tested and inspected as
international façade contractors, with the necessary expertise to undertake the work and the overall required under national regulations. On completion of all works the buildings and systems shall be
lead time to site commencement is predicted to be 26 months. Therefore we met with each of the subjected to statutory inspections and testing before finally being handed over and occupied by the
façade contractors in August 2008 to introduce the project and to establish a shortlist of suitable tenants.
contractors. In response to the pre-qualification process, a number of façade contractors have been
selected to assist Woods Bagot with the planning submission during October 2008. Detailed design
with the preferred façade contractors is scheduled to start by December 2008.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
5.0 SITE LOGISITICS Diagram 2
5.1 Introduction
Raised Loading Platform
The management of the site logistics is key to the success of the project and will require a dedicated with 2 no builders hoists Possible Drive-In Drive-
logistics team to develop a detailed plan to control and manage the site. Deliveries will only be Out Loading Bay Position
accepted on a just-in-time principle. There will be no storage allowed on-site and it is expected that all
deliveries will be booked in with the logistics team not less than 24 hours prior to arrival on-site. A Builders hoist
delivery zone will be established on site and will be able to hold say three to four trucks at any time with installed in lift
consideration being given to the provision of an offsite holding area for vehicles with possibly limited shaft.
material storage to facilitate efficient deliveries. The principles of the logistics plan will be detailed in all
tender and contract documents issued to suppliers and sub-contractors.
It is anticipated that site logistics will form a significant part of the pre-appointment meetings for
contractors and sub contractors and that regular coordination meetings will be held throughout the
construction phase of the project.
In view of the location of the site, the constraints on traffic and the permits that will be required for
vehicles to access the site, a senior member of the logistics team will be nominated as a liaison officer
responsible for communication with the local highway authorities and neighbours with regard to traffic
problems, planned large deliveries and road maintenance issues. In this way it is anticipated that the Builders
risk of material shortages at key times can be reduced to a minimum. hoist installed Workers
in truck lift Accommodation
5.2 Concrete Pumps shaft.
Concrete pumps will be used extensively throughout the project. For the courtyard the pump will be
driven in through the access tunnel and parked in various locations depending on pour requirements Management
whether at basement or at upper floor levels. For Seething Lane Garden the pump could be parked in Offices &
the loading bay on Pepys Street allowing the concrete trucks to back straight up to it just off the main Pedestrian
Entrance – Accommodation
street. A traffic marshal will be in place to ensure that there are no trucks parked up on the public street
and that they are called in as required. CCTV, Swipe
Card & 24 Hr 4 nr builders’ hoists
5.3 Site Accommodation Security 1 pedestrian entrance
1 nr large loading bay
As shown in Diagram 2, it would be possible to utilise some of the proposed ground floor rooms as staff accommodation
project office and welfare accommodation. This would mean any external space which can be agreed
with the local highway authorities could be used solely for loading/temporary storage.
The site accommodation will be relocated towards the end of the project out to the Seething Lane 5.5 Deliveries
Garden area as the programme requires. The main pedestrian entrance would be right alongside the
accommodation area so would heighten security and ease Health and Safety concerns. Each contractor will have their own views on the detailed arrangements but it is likely that Seething Lane
Garden and the Main Building / Courtyard will have their own separate delivery areas. Diagram 2 above
5.4 Personnel Access shows a likely scenario.
The proposed site personnel access is anticipated to be located at the corner of Muscovy Street and All deliveries will need to be kept off the main streets and the area will need to be protected by rigid
Seething Lane Garden and will consist of a swipe card system with CCTV. All personnel will be issued barriers; it could have a ‘roll in roll out’ system meaning that the delivery trucks must follow the flow of the
with access swipe cards and a ‘no card, no entry’ principle will be applied. It also allows site traffic. This will reduce disturbance to the neighbours and the general public and ensure that there is no
management to quickly and easily track what resources are on site on a day to day basis. It is good on-street loading or unloading which has clear safety and traffic management benefits for all involved.
practice from both a Health & Safety and logistics perspective to keep the pedestrian access and Delivery arrangements will of course need to be agreed with the City of London.
vehicular access for deliveries completely segregated.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
5.0 SITE LOGISITICS continued
5.6 Craneage Diagram 3
The intention is to place tower cranes on the roof of the existing building as Diagram 3 to facilitate the
construction but there may be an advantage to be gained by setting a crane on the new Seething Lane
Garden ground floor slab as soon as it is complete because the slab could also be used as hard 60 m Luffing Jib
standing for unloading / loading of materials. Excavated material from the courtyard will be brought out Crane erected
from the side of the building into the Seething Lane Garden Phase 2 area and taken away with the outside loading 60m Luffing
excavated material from Phase 2. bay by mobile Possible Drive-In Drive-Out Loading Bay Position Crane
crane
This option will be subject to further discussion with potential contractors during the procurement
process because whilst it is a viable option for consideration, in practice it is thought that this may not
bring about any significant programme benefit as achieving the proposed hotel soft opening date is not
dependent on the delivery of the works to Seething Lane Garden provided the works access tunnel to
the Central Courtyard is available and maintained as long as necessary. This would also be a more
expensive option for the construction team to undertake in view of the access restrictions and safety
considerations.
Nonetheless, a study of the average lifting requirements for each major phase of the works will need to
be carried out to obtain estimates of the actual daily volume of tasks required per crane but at this point
in time we would expect three cranes to be employed and located as suggested on the sketch below.
These locations are indicative and will need to be agreed with the City of London (CoL).
Buro Happold propose that the three tower cranes are placed above the main existing stair cores
although some additional temporary support structure may be required to the lower existing floors as
Appendix B.
60 m Luffing Jib Crane
10 TRINITY SQUARE
5.0 SITE LOGISITICS continued 6.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
5.7 Construction Vehicle Movements 6.1 Potential Impacts during Demolition and Construction
Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) movements during this phase will have to be monitored closely with A review has been undertaken of the potential sources of adverse impacts associated with demolition and
detailed traffic management and logistics plans updated and monitored daily. The total duration of construction works. The results of this have been presented in Table 3.
deconstruction works is assessed at approximately 26 weeks. Following deconstruction, the total
duration for the basement excavations will be approximately 72 weeks. Major material deliveries for Table 3:
steelwork and the like will commence prior to the completion of the excavations until completion of the
project.
Issue Potential Impacts
Table 2 provides indicative deconstruction and construction HGV movements for the Proposed Dust/Air Quality Wind blown dust from ground surfaces, stockpiles, vehicles, work faces
Development. and cutting and grinding of materials. Exhaust emissions from lorries
and plant delivering and removing materials including dust and
Table 2: Indicative Deconstruction and Construction Activities, and Approximate Duration particulates.
Ecology Disturbance to nesting birds. Water/mud runoff into drains.
Activity Approximate HGV Estimated Loads per Day Energy Usage Indirect impacts associated with energy consumption such as CO2
Movements emissions, depletion of natural resources, air pollution etc (material
selection and embodied energy issues are covered during the
1,300 10 sustainable design section).
Deconstruction
Fuel & construction Accidental spills, discharges to drains/stormwater systems,
materials storage contamination to ground.
4,300 40
Basement Excavation Hazardous materials & Exposure of the workforce to deleterious/hazardous materials and
contaminated land contaminated land, mobilisation of any source contaminants and
2,400 8 creation of pathway from source to groundwater receptor.
Superstructure and Fit-out
Noise Increased road noise levels from vehicles. Increased noise levels from
plant during deconstruction, piling and general construction works (e.g.
Total Period of Activities 8,000 58 from the use of air compressors and diamond cutters) on-site.
Site & surroundings Restrictions on pedestrian access to walkways, footpaths and roads.
pedestrian access
Traffic Traffic congestion caused by site traffic. Increased vehicle movements
mainly consisting of HGVs. Transfer of mud and material from vehicles
onto the public highway. Disruption from abnormal or hazardous loads.
Exhaust emissions.
Waste Waste generation and its disposal.
Water and Water Usage Increased sediment loadings to stormwater system. Potentially
contaminated stormwater runoff. Natural resources depletion.
Vibration Increased vibration levels from vehicles. Increased vibration levels
from plant during deconstruction, piling and general construction works
(e.g., from piling rigs attached to slave cranes).
Townscape Views Views impacted and/or impeded from construction equipment,
particularly cranes.
Note: HGV – Heavy Goods Vehicles, CO2 – Carbon Dioxide.
10 TRINITY SQUARE
7.0 MITIGATION MEASURES
7.1 Demolition and Construction Method Statement 7.4 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
A principal contractor for the demolition phase will be appointed to develop a Demolition and Matters concerning site activities during demolition and construction that relate to environmental issues will
Construction Method Statement (DCMS). The DCMS will identify all the procedures to be adhered to be discussed and agreed with CoL in advance of works commencing. As such, the site will be managed in
through demolition and construction. Individual trade contracts will incorporate environmental control, accordance with best practice. This includes the agreement of the DCMS and the EMP, which will include:
health and safety regulations, and current guidance. This will ensure that all contractors involved with
the demolition and construction phases are committed to agreed best practice. Trade contractors will be − A commitment to environmental protection (all Consultants and Trade Contractors will be invited to
required to demonstrate how they will meet the targets of the DCMS. The DCMS will include the declare their support for this at the tender stage);
following items: − Document planning provisions. This section provides background information and considerations
on impact types to help the project team plan both their activities in relation to environmental issues
− Demolition and construction programme; and their control measures. References will also be included on what will be needed to comply
− Broad plan of the demolition and construction works, highlighting the various stages and their with the environmental elements of any planning conditions;
context within the whole project; − Detail on control measures and activities to be undertaken to minimise environmental impact;
− Details of the Environmental Management Plan (refer below), including restricted operations, site − Monitoring and record-keeping requirements;
access and housekeeping procedures; − Establishment of baseline levels for noise, vibration and dust;
− Detailed site layout arrangements (including requirements for temporary works) during the − Details of a dedicated point of contact during both normal working hours and after hours, with
project, including plans for storage, accommodation, vehicular movement, delivery and access; responsibility to deal with environmental issues if they arise; and
− Site working hours; − Commitment to a periodic review of the EMP and regular environmental audits of its
− Details of operations likely to result in disturbance, with an indication of the expected duration of implementation.
each phase with key dates. This should include a procedure for prior notification of CoL and
relevant statutory and non-statutory (including neighbours) parties, so that local arrangements Any complaints will be logged on-site, fully investigated and reported to the relevant department of CoL as
can be agreed; soon as possible. The complainant will be informed as to what action has been taken. In the event of
− A procedure to ensure communication is maintained with CoL and the local community to unusual activities or events, CoL and other relevant third parties (i.e. statutory and non-statutory bodies)
provide information on any operations likely to cause disturbance (through for example; meetings will be notified in advance of the work being carried out.
and newsletters);
− Provisions for affected parties to register complaints and procedures for responding to
complaints; and
− Provisions for reporting to CoL and the Applicant.
7.2 Management of Trade Contractors
Individual contractors (e.g. for waste removal) will incorporate relevant requirements in respect of
environmental control, based largely on the standard of ‘good working practice’ as outlined in the
DCMS, as well as statutory requirements. Potential Trade Contractors will be required to demonstrate
how they will achieve the provisions of the DCMS, how targets will be met and how potential effects will
be minimised.
7.3 Public Relations
A designated Project Team member will deal with complaints and enquiries. This individual will be
named at the site entrance, with a contact number, and will be identified to CoL and community groups
prior to the start of construction, and whenever a change of responsibility occurs.
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7.0 MITIGATION MEASURES continued
7.5 Construction Vehicle Management

7.7 Road Cleanliness
Whilst no long-term road closures are envisaged, short-term closures of Seething Lane and/or Muscovy
Street will be required in order to establish and remove the tower cranes and to deliver large items of To minimise site-generated material on roads, the Contractor will take measures to include the provision of
building plant. The requirement for short-term road closures will be discussed and agreed with the CoL suitable facilities at site exits, where necessary. This will include wheel-washing facilities and, in addition,
during preparation of the DCMS. the use of a suitable means to clean all highways in the vicinity of the site from any site generated matter.
Collected debris will be disposed of as controlled waste in accordance with the Duty of Care Regulations
At present the side of the proposed development site facing Seething Lane Garden contains space for (1991) at a licensed waste disposal facility.
approximately 11 cars, which will be removed during the demolition phase of the Proposed
Development. There will be a general policy of no on-site car parking and the site labour force will be
encouraged to use public transport. Unapproved parking on public roads will not be allowed. Provisions
will be made within the Proposed Development site, where possible, for essential on-site parking only.
Any local traffic management measures for site access will be agreed with the CoL.
7.6 Access and Egress
Each contractor will have their own views on the detailed arrangements but it is likely that Seething Lane
Garden and the Main Building/Courtyard will have their own separate delivery areas. Diagram 2 above
shows a likely scenario.
All deliveries will need to be kept off the main streets and the area will need to be protected by rigid
barriers; it could have a ‘roll in roll out’ system meaning that the delivery trucks must follow the flow of
the traffic. This will reduce disturbance to the neighbours and the general public and ensure that there is
no on-street loading or unloading which has clear safety and traffic management benefits for all
involved. Delivery arrangements will of course need to be agreed with the CoL.
In consultation and agreement with the Highways Authorities a traffic management system will be
established to avoid congestion in the vicinity of the Proposed Development. Loading and unloading will
be restricted to certain times of the day to further minimise the likelihood of congestion on highways
surrounding the site and strict monitoring and control of all vehicles entering, exiting and travelling
across the site will be maintained including:
− The setting of specific delivery and collection times;

− Consolidation of deliveries wherever possible;
− A system of ‘just in time’ deliveries; and
− The requirement for prior authorisation when visiting the site via vehicle, which is managed by
the logistics manager. The manager will agree at least a week in advance delivery schedules
and then reviewing and prioritising them on a daily basis.
The use of a waste compactor on-site will be investigated as an additional way of reducing the number
of vehicle trips related to waste collection, where applicable.
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7.8 Management of Noise, Vibration and Dust
Full assessments of activities with the potential to generate high levels of noise and vibration are As far as possible, demolition and construction works will be carried out using methods that minimise
presented in the ‘Acoustic Assessment’ that accompanies this planning application.. Mitigation noise. For actions such as breaking out of old foundations, there is little reasonable choice other than to
measures will be incorporated within the DCMS. Best practicable means of preventing, reducing and use percussion tools in one form or another. Quieter types of machinery will be specified for these works
minimising noise will be adopted in agreement with CoL. This aspect of the works is likely to be where possible. The use of music broadcasting equipment on site will not be permitted, to minimise noise
regulated by an agreement under Section 61 of the Control of Pollution Act (COPA). In addition, it is pollution to adjacent buildings and occupied areas.
expected that the Proposed Development will adhere to the relevant CoL Code of Practice during
demolition and construction. The piling will be employed during the substructure construction. The auger piling rig generates little
vibration or ground movement unless an obstruction is encountered. Noise related impacts attributable to
On-site good practice procedures will be followed in order to mitigate noise, vibration and air pollution the piling, along with other construction related noise impacts will be controlled through generic and site-
(e.g. through dust and fume generation) impacts under the Considerate Contractors Scheme. Measures specific mitigation measures outlined within the DCMS. All piling contractors will be asked to submit
currently planned to be adopted include: method statements clearly identifying the proposed machinery and their methods of ensuring that no
excessive vibration or noise is generated.
− Use of hoarding around the entire perimeter of the site to assist in the screening of noise and
dust generation from low-level sources;
− Hydraulic deconstruction and construction to be used in preference to percussive techniques
where practical;
− Off-site pre-fabrication to be used, where practical, including the use of pre-fabricated structural
elements, cladding, toilets, mechanical and electrical risers and packaged plant rooms;
− All plant and equipment to be used for the works to be properly maintained, silenced where
appropriate, and operated to prevent excessive noise and switched off when not in use and
where practicable;
− Plant will be certified to meet relevant current legislation and British Standard 5228 (BS5228)
Standards;
− All Trade Contractors to be made familiar with current legislation and the guidance in BS5228
(Parts 1 and 2), which will form a prerequisite of their appointment;
− Threshold vibration limits will be set and monitoring equipment established at locations outside
the site that are deemed sensitive, such as nearby office areas and churches and listed
buildings;
− Loading and unloading of vehicles, dismantling of site equipment such as scaffolding or moving
equipment or materials around site will be conducted in such a manner as to minimise noise
generation. Where practical these will be conducted away from noise sensitive areas;
− Deviation from approved method statements to be permitted only with prior approval from the
Principal Contractor and other relevant parties. This will be facilitated by formal review before
any deviation is undertaken;
− Noise complaints, or exceedences of action levels, will be reported to the Contractor and
immediately investigated;
− Brushing and water spraying of heavily used site hard surfaces and access points as required;
− Wherever possible, plant and equipment will be switched off when not in use;
− Vehicles transporting materials capable of generating dust to and from site to be suitably
sheeted on each journey to prevent release of materials and particulate matter;
− Effective wheel/body washing facilities to be provided and used as necessary;
− Burning of wastes or unwanted materials will not be permitted on-site; and
− All hazardous materials including chemicals, cleaning agents, solvents and solvent containing
products to be properly sealed in containers at the end of each day prior to storage in
appropriately protected and bunded storage areas.
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7.9 Site Waste Management Plan
A formal and detailed Waste Management Plan will be obtained from the successful contractor. The As the new buildings become enclosed, the rubbish will be collected in lightweight floor-based wheeled
disposal of all waste or other materials removed from the Site will be in accordance with the skips that can manoeuvre around the configuration of the units. The skips will then be taken to ground
requirements of the Environment Agency, Control of Pollution Act (COPA), 1974, Environment Act 1995, floor level by hoist, and either disposed of into larger skips, or if suitable, placed into a compactor to reduce
Special Waste Regulations 1996 and the Duty of Care Regulations 1991. the volume of the waste before it is taken off-site.
In general and in accordance with the principles of the UK Government’s ‘Waste Strategy 2000’, a Table 4
principal aim during demolition and construction will be to reduce the amount of waste generated and
exported from the Proposed Development site. This approach complies with the waste hierarchy Material Target Probable Location
whereby the intention is first to minimise, then to treat at source or compact and, finally, to dispose of Architectural Salvage 100% re-used Several architectural salvage companies in East
off-Site as necessary. All relevant contractors will be required to investigate opportunities to minimise London.
and reduce waste generation, such as: Structural steel for re- 100% re-used Any complete sections salvaged during the demolition
use works will be retained by the contractor for re use in
− Agreements with material suppliers to reduce the amount of packaging or to participate in a temporary works on this or possibly other projects with
packaging take-back scheme; the balance taken to transfer stations in
− Implementation of a ‘just-in-time’ material delivery system to avoid materials being stockpiled, Edmonton, Canning Town and Bethnal Green.
which increases the risk of their damage and disposal as waste; Metals 100% recycled Every effort will be made to recycle these materials on
− Attention to material quantity requirements to avoid over-ordering and generation of waste site with any surplus being taken to waste transfer
materials; stations in Stratford and Hackney.
− Re-use of materials wherever feasible (e.g. re-use of crushed concrete from demolition process Hardcore (brick / 100% recycled Clay – 100% processed for re-use (subject to
for fill (crushed using an on-site concrete crusher); re-use of excavated soil for landscaping; re- block / concrete etc…) analysis):at a site in Dagenham where the material will
use of internal equipment and plant from existing buildings). Concrete will be taken off the then be lime / cement stabilised to create a suitable
Proposed Development site for crushing and re-use. The Government has set broad targets of engineered fill for use as a sub-base or piling mat for
the use of reclaimed aggregate, and in keeping with best practice, contractors will be required to construction projects.
maximise the proportion of materials recycled; Excavated Material / Up to 80% re-used
− Segregation of waste at source where practical; and clay etc
Re-use and recycling of materials off-site where re-use on-site is not practical (e.g. through use of Timber The amount re- We will attempt to salvage any re-useable timber for
an off-site waste segregation facility and re-sale for direct re-use or re-processing) Our expectations used will depend hoardings, battening, shuttering etc for possible for use
in this regard are shown in the Table 4. on the material on site with the balance being retained by the
contractor or processed at a waste transfer station in
Overall, the waste management for the site is likely to comprise of the following: Barking or Hackney.
Glass (non-tempered, 100% recycled Processing facility in Greenwich.
− The material from the courtyard demolition and excavations will be loaded onto trucks within the non-laminated and
courtyard and driven straight out through a designated carriageway through Seething Lane non-bomb proofing
Garden. A strict internal traffic management plan would have to be adhered to, to ensure there film etc…)
are no jams at the tunnel entrance/exit; Mixed waste The amount All will be taken to transfer stations in Hackney or
− The waste material from Seething Lane Garden will be loaded directly into trucks within the recycled will Ockenden, Essex and fully sorted to maximise
Seething Lane Garden area. Once the excavation becomes too deep to load directly into trucks depend on the recycling potential. An absolute minimum will remain
a tower crane will likely be used for the removal of the final portion of the dig; and material for transport to landfill.
− The soft demolition strip out material will be brought down in builders’ hoists situated alongside Asbestos 100% landfill May be taken to a licensed site in Longfield, Kent or
the proposed loading area on Pepys Street and will be loaded directly into waiting skips. other suitable alternative.
Other toxic / Action subject to Example: Oils can often be reclaimed and a suitable
Skips will be covered to prevent dust and debris blowing around the site, and will be cleared on a hazardous materials relevant, specific facility is located in Rainham, Essex
regular basis. Burning of wastes or unwanted materials will not be permitted on-site. All hazardous legislation
materials including chemicals, cleaning agents, solvents and solvent containing products will be properly
sealed in containers at the end of each day prior to storage in appropriately protected and bunded
storage areas.
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7.10 Protection of Archaeological Resources 7.14 Energy and Water Usage
The precise details of any further archaeological evaluation and the subsequent mitigation strategy will All relevant contractors will be required to investigate opportunities to minimise and reduce use of energy
be agreed with the CoL Senior Planning and Archaeology Officer and English Heritage (where and water, such as:
appropriate) prior to any intrusive ground works. Any necessary archaeological work will be conducted
in accordance with a ‘Written Scheme of Investigation’ drawn up in consultation with the CoL. Refer to − Use of alternatives to diesel/petrol powered equipment where possible;
the ‘Archaeological Assessment’ that accompanies this planning application for further details. − The incorporation of sources of renewable energy to offset the use of main utilities will be
considered;
− Selection and specification of energy efficient plant and equipment wherever viable;
7.11 Protection of Ecological Resources − Implementation of staff based initiatives such as turning off taps, plant and equipment when not in
use both on-site and within site offices; encouraging a paper-reduced office and encouraging
The ‘Ecological Impact Assessment’ that accompanies this planning application describes the baseline double sided printing and photocopying when these activities are necessary;
ecological conditions on the Proposed Development site, assesses the site’s ecological value and − Use of recycling water systems such as wheel washes; and
details the mitigation measures necessary to eliminate any adverse impacts on the ecological status of − Use of a rainwater harvesting system for use in equipment and vehicle washing will also be
the area. In the event that ecological issues are identified during the course of project activities, investigated.
consultation with the Principal Contractor, project team and relevant statutory and advisory bodies such
as Natural England and the Environment Agency (EA) will be undertaken as necessary. The energy and water consumption of the project will be monitored, either through sub-metering or reading
utility bills, to allow comparison against best practice benchmarks and improvements to be made.
We are awaiting the final draft of the Ecology Report to complete our report.
7.12 Protection of Views
Views of the existing building by the general public will be affected to some degree during the demolition
and construction works and we intend to mitigate the impact by the imaginative decoration of the
construction site hoardings which may include a representation of the finished scheme or other suitable
images.
7.13 Protection of Water Resources
In summary, surface drainage, ground water seepage, and any minor dewatering will pass via
settlement tank facilities to the foul water sewer. Discharge arrangements into the foul water sewer will
be agreed with Thames Water Utilities Limited. All liquids and solids of a potentially hazardous nature
(e.g. diesel fuel, oils, and solvents) will be stored on surfaced areas, with bunding, to the satisfaction of
the EA.
The Principal Contractor will ensure that any water that may have come into contact with contaminated
materials will be disposed of in accordance with the Water Resources Act (1991) and other legislation,
and to the satisfaction of the EA and/or Thames Water.
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APPENDIX A DESIGN INFORMATION
REFERENCES This report has been prepared from the following drawings and documents:
HMSO, (1991); Statutory Instrument 1991 No. 2839 - The Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Architects Drawings Revision Drawing Title
Regulations 1991.
HMSO, (1991); Statutory Instrument 1988 No. 818 (c.26) - Control of Pollution Act 1974 Dwg No. A2100 P6 Proposed Plan - Basement 4
(Commencement No. 19) Order 1988. Dwg No. A2101 P6 Proposed Plan - Basement 3
Dwg No. A2102 P7 Proposed Plan - Basement 2
British Standard Institute (BSi), (1997); BS 5228-1-5:1992-1997 – Noise and Vibration Control on Dwg No. A2103 P7 Proposed Plan - Basement 1
Construction and Open Sites. Dwg No. A2104 P7 Proposed Plan - Lower Ground Floor
Dwg No. A2105 P7 Proposed Plan - Ground Floor
HMSO, (1995); Environmental Act 1995. Dwg No. A2106 P7 Proposed Plan - Ground Floor Mezzanine
Dwg No. A2107 P7 Proposed Plan - First Floor
HMSO, (1996); Special Waste Regulations 1996. Dwg No. A2108 P7 Proposed Plan - Second Floor
Dwg No. A2109 P8 Proposed Plan - Third Floor
DETR, (2000); Waste Strategy 2000 for England and Wales. Dwg No. A2110 P6 Proposed Plan - Fourth Floor
Dwg No. A2111 P6 Proposed Plan - Fifth Floor
HMSO, (1994); Water Resources Act 1991 (c.57). Dwg No. A2112 P7 Proposed Plan - Sixth Floor
Dwg No. A2113 P7 Proposed Plan - Seventh Floor
Dwg No. A2114 P6 Proposed Plan – Tower Plans
Dwg No. A2115 P2 Proposed Plan – Roof Plan
Dwg No. A2116 P7 Proposed Plan - Roof Plan
Dwg No. A3000 P3 Proposed Elevation South East
Dwg No. A3001 P4 Proposed Elevation East
Dwg No. A3002 P4 Proposed Elevation North
Dwg No. A3003 P3 Proposed Elevation West
Dwg No. A3004 P3 Proposed Elevation South
Dwg No. A3005 P3 Proposed Elevation Pavillion West
Dwg No. A3101 P3 Proposed Section B-B
Dwg No. A3102 P3 Proposed Section C-C
Dwg No. A3104 P3 Proposed Section E-E
Dwg No. A3107 P2 Proposed Section D-D
Structural Strategy Statement for Planning – Revision 02 dated November 2008 prepared by Buro Happold
10 TRINITY SQUARE
APPENDIX B - BURO HAPPOLD 3D VISUALISATION
1. 2.
4. 3.

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Risk Management Process 5

Appendix A: Instructions for Activity-Based Risk Assessment 16

Risk Management entails:

These requirements are enshrined in the WSH (Risk Management) Regulations,

Risk Assessment is an integral part of risk management. It is the process of:

1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Contractors and suppliers must also provide information of any machinery,

RISK ASSESSMENT TEAM

The Employer should:

The Team Leader should:

Contractors and Suppliers

1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

and the selection of control measures must be based on the principles of

Æ Form RA Æ Identify Æ Estimate risk Æ Formulate Æ Keep risk Æ Review risk

Prior to conducting a risk assessment, the following information should be obtained

Work Work Work

This starts off the risk assessment process.

1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

Potential victims or persons-at-risk include:

1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

Risk evaluation consists of:

Risk has 2 parts:

(2) Assessing potential severity of identified hazards

Table 1 – Severity categories and description

Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to disability

Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease

Table 2 – Likelihood categories and description

Remote Not likely to occur

Occasional Possible or known to occur

Frequent Common or repeating occurrence

To minimise the subjectivity of estimating likelihood, in addition to looking at existing

(4) Assessing risk levels based on the severity and likelihood

Table 3 – Risk matrix to determine risk level

1 HAZARD 2 RISK 3 RISK

Table 4 – Acceptability of risk and recommended actions

A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out

High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk

It is essential for risks to be eliminated or reduced “at source”. If a risk cannot be

Safe Work Procedures (SWPs)

1) Names and designations of risk assessment team members

6 IMPLEMENTATION & REVIEW

Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to disability

Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease

Remote Not likely to occur

Occasional Possible or known to occur

Frequent Common or repeating occurrence

A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out

High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk

13. With the consensus of management or employer, assign a suitable person to

1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control

SCENARIO 1 – SPRAY PAINTING

RISK ASSESSMENT FORM

1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control

1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control

No Trade Main Activity

TRADE-BASED RISK ASSESSMENT FORM

APPENDIX D WORKED EXAMPLES (TRADE- BASED RISK ASSESSMENT FORM)

SCENARIO 1 – SPRAY PAINTING

1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control Actions

SCENARIO 2 – PAPER SLITTING PROCESS