“How to build

Micro Hydropower in
technical aspect “

Arik Aprilliyanto
Nunung Chusnul
Chotimah
Master of Engineering System - Gadjah Mada University
Widiyatmoko
 The following activities are carried out for the
various alternatives considered to justify the final
choice of the location of different components of the
River surveys project :
Reservoir surveys
Head works surveys (dams, barrage, weir, etc)
Plant sites and colonies
Canal, branch canals, and water conductor
system
Major canal structures
Power house, switch yard, surge shaft, tail race
tunnel(s), adits, penstocks etc.
 The different activities of survey and
investigations which are carried out before
preparing a detailed project report are given
1. Topographical Surveybelow
2. Dam Site
3. Reservoir Area Survey
4. Survey for Power Channel

The others thing that have to considered :

Engineering geological, geophysical,
seismological and construction material
survey
 Goal
Geological investigations
of hydroelectric projects
are of paramount
importance in
understanding the
geological set up of varied
terrains and their geo-
dynamic development
Engineering Geological
Survey
Surface investigations
Ascertaining the regional geology of the area
the site specific geological mapping is taken
up by intensive surface traverses of the
project area and also with the aid of aerial
photographs & satellite imagery, for coverage
of inaccessible area comprehensively
to ensure that a
proposed structure is
built at the lowest cost
consistent with
currently accepted
safety standards
Sub surface investigations
Water tightness of the bed rock is determined
by conducting water pressure tests. These
tests are normally carried out at proposed
dam sites, powerhouse, other caverns and
reservoir locations etc. Drifts are generally
made to explore dam abutments, tunnel
alignments
 Natural factors that can not be
denied as other consideration in
build
Click to edit Master text styles
MicroSecond
Hydro level Power
● Third level
● Fourth level

● Fifth level

Rainfall Drought Annual Rainfall Annual Flood

Comparation of Channel
water
 How to Determine
1.
Location Generally
The location has sufficient water flowing with
sufficient strength. A lazy stream probably
isn't worth our effort, but a rapidly flowing
river or stream (especially one that has a
good slope) is suitable for a micro
hydropower plant.

a. There are water flow with continuously debt.

b. Comparation of channel water (L) and total Head (H).
c. Because it will reduce the power plant cost
d. Comparation of water flow area
2. Build or install a water channel to direct part
or all of the flowing water. The more sloped
the water channel, the more power you can
get out of the system.
3. Add the water wheel assembly. The flowing
water forces the water wheel to turn, which
spins a rod connected to a pulley and
transform it, into electricity.
4. Availability, source and minimum and
maximum discharges of the water that is
intended to be used in running the turbine
5. Visually check of the topographic position on
the canal or any water courses that the system
is implemented on, this will give us a picture of
possible Head (H) required for the system
construction
6.Identifying the user group that the system is
going to be implemented for
7. Identification of the local resources (material
and labor)
Thank You