Butterworth

Filter
Coefficeints

order: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

coefficients

go 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

g1 2 1.414214 1 0.765367 0.618034 0.517638 0.445042

g2 1 1.414214 2 1.847759 1.618034 1.414214 1.24698

g3 1 1 1.847759 2 1.931852 1.801938

g4 1 0.765367 1.618034 1.931852 2

g5 1 0.618034 1.414214 1.801938

g6 1 0.517638 1.24698

g7 1 0.445042

g8 1
 order: 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

coefficients

go 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

g1 0.390181 0.347296 0.312869 0.28463 0.261052 0.241073 0.223929

g2 1.11114 1 0.907981 0.83083 0.765367 0.70921 0.660558

g3 1.662939 1.532089 1.414214 1.309721 1.217523 1.136129 1.064064

g4 1.961571 1.879385 1.782013 1.682507 1.586707 1.497021 1.414214

g5 1.961571 2 1.975377 1.918986 1.847759 1.770912 1.693448

g6 1.662939 1.879385 1.975377 2 1.98289 1.941884 1.887767

g7 1.11114 1.532089 1.782013 1.918986 1.98289 2 1.987424

g8 0.390181 1 1.414214 1.682507 1.847759 1.941884 1.987424

g8 1 0.347296 0.907981 1.309721 1.586707 1.770912 1.887767

g10 1 0.312869 0.83083 1.217523 1.497021 1.693448

g11 1 0.28463 0.765367 1.136129 1.414214

g12 1 0.261052 0.70921 1.064064

g13 1 0.241073 0.660558

g14 1 0.223929

g15 1
 order: 15 16 17 18 19 20
coefficients
go 1 1 1 1 1 1
g1 0.209057 0.196034 0.184537 0.174311 0.165159 0.156918
g2 0.618034 0.580569 0.547326 0.517638 0.490971 0.466891
g3 1 0.942793 0.891477 0.845237 0.803391 0.765367
g4 1.338261 1.268787 1.205269 1.147153 1.093896 1.044997
g5 1.618034 1.546021 1.478018 1.414214 1.354563 1.298896
g6 1.827091 1.763843 1.700434 1.638304 1.578281 1.520812
g7 1.956295 1.913881 1.864944 1.812616 1.758948 1.70528
g8 2 1.990369 1.965946 1.931852 1.891634 1.847759
g8 1.956295 1.990369 2 1.992389 1.972723 1.94474
g10 1.827091 1.913881 1.965946 1.992389 2 1.993835
g11 1.618034 1.763843 1.864944 1.931852 1.972723 1.993835
g12 1.338261 1.546021 1.700434 1.812616 1.891634 1.94474
g13 1 1.268787 1.478018 1.638304 1.758948 1.847759
g14 0.618034 0.942793 1.205269 1.414214 1.578281 1.70528
g15 0.209057 0.580569 0.891477 1.147153 1.354563 1.520812
g16 1 0.196034 0.547326 0.845237 1.093896 1.298896
g17 1 0.184537 0.517638 0.803391 1.044997
g18 1 0.174311 0.490971 0.765367
g19 1 0.165159 0.466891
g20 1 0.156918
g21 1

CALCULATION OF LOW PASS FILTER COEFFICIENTS

BY,
 Ignatius Praveen

108108101

MATLAB CODE:
function [x]= butter1(n)
% m stands for the order
% To use this function save it in the current
directory.
% Call it by typing "y=butter1(n)" in the command
%window.
% (specify n).
x(1)=1; % First coefficient.It's always 1.
x(n+2)=1; % Last coefficient, which is also 1.
for i=2:1:(n+1) % Calculate each coefficient for a
given order.
x(i)=2*sin((2*(i-1)-1)*pi/(2*n)); % Calculating the
coefficients.
end
end
 1) Butterworth filter

Formulae used:

go = 1

gk = 2sin[(2k-1)pi/2n] for k=1,2,3…….n

gn+1 = 1

where gk are the filter coefficients. n is the order of the filter to be designed.
 Chebychev Filter Coefficients (Assuming Am=17.37)

order: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

coefficients

g0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

g1 46.12752 32.61708 23.06376 17.65224 14.25419 11.93868 10.26434

g2 1 0.061203 0.115332 0.15963 0.201959 0.24344 0.284359

g3 0.004621 23.06376 21.34812 17.67827 14.92619 12.8876

g4 1 0.131994 0.201959 0.249565 0.293626

g5 0.004621 14.25419 14.55987 12.8876

g6 1 0.199614 0.284359

g7 0.004621 10.26434

g8 1
 2) Chebychev filter

Formulae used:

g0=1

g1=2a1 / V;

gk=4 (akak-1) / (bk-1gk-1) k=1,2,3…n

gn+1 = 1 if n is odd

= tanh2 B/4 if n is even

ak = sin ((2k-1)*pi / (2n)) k=1,2,3…n

bk = V2 + sin2 (k*pi/n) k=1,2,3…n

B = ln (coth (Am/17.37))

V = sinh (B/(2*pi))

n = order of the filter

gk = coefficients of the filter

Am= Insertion loss ripple magnitude

CODE:

function [x]= cheb1(m,Am)

B=log(coth(Am/17.37));
V=sinh(B/(2*pi));

x(1)=1;
if rem(m,2)==0
x(m+2)=(tanh(B/4))^2;

else x(m+2)=1;
end

for i=1:1:m
a(i)=sin((((2*i)-1)*pi)/(2*m));
b(i)=(V^2)+((sin((i*pi)/m))^2);

end
x(2)=(2*a(1))/V;
for j=3:1:m+1
x(j)=(4*(a(j-2))*(a(j-1)))/((b(j-2))*(x(j-1)));
end

end