The following is a list of clauses commonly associated with the use of the Spanish
subjunctive (about 80 expressions):
Subjunctive in Spanish a menos que (unless) gustar que (to like that) aconsejar(le) que (to advise that) gustaría que (would like that) alegrarse de que (to be happy that) hace falta que (to be necessary that) antes (de) que (before) hasta que (until) con tal (de) que (so that) importar(le) que (to matter) conviene que (it is advisable that) insistir en que (to insist that) cuando (when) mandar que (to order that) dar(le) miedo de que (to be afraid that) más vale que (it's better that) decir(le) que (to tell someone to do mientras que (while) something!) dejar que (to allow someone to do molestar(le) que (to bother) something) después (de) que (after) negar que (to deny that) dudar que (to doubt that) no creer que (not to believe that) en caso de que (in case) no es cierto que (it's not certain that) en cuanto (as soon as) no es verdad que (it's not true that) es (una) lástima que (it's a pity that) no estar convencido de que (not be convinced that) es aconsejable que (it's advisable that) no estar de acuerdo con (to not agree with) es bueno que (it's good that) no estar seguro de que (to not be sure that) es difícil que (it's difficult for) no imaginarse que (to not imagine that) es dudoso que (it is doubtful that) no parecer que (to not seem that) es fácil que (it's easy for) no pensar que (to not think that) es fantástico que (it's fantastic that) no suponer que (to not suppose that) es importante que (it's important that) ojalá que (if only he would) es improbable que (it's unlikely that) para que (in order that) es incierto que (it's uncertain that) parecer(le) bien/mal que (to seem right/wrong that) es increíble que (it's incredible that) pedir(le) que (to ask someone to do something!) es malo que (it's bad that) perdonar que (to ask forgiveness for) es mejor que (it's better that) preferir que (to prefer that) es menester que (it's necessary that) prohibir que (to prohibit that) es necesario que (it's necessary that) puede ser que (it may be that) es posible que (it's possible that) querer que (imperative: to want that) es preciso que (it's necessary that) recomendar(le) que (to recommend that) es preferible que (it's preferable that) rogar que (to plead/ beg that) es probable que (it's probable that) sentir que (to regret that) es raro que (it's rare that) sin que (without) es ridículo que (it's ridiculous that) sugerir que (to suggest that) es terrible que (it's terrible that) tan pronto como (as soon as) esperar que (to hope/hope that) temer que (to fear that) estar contento que…(to be happy that) tener miedo de que (to be afraid that) estar en contra de que (to be against) vale/merece la pena que (to be worthwhile to)
Spanish Subjunctive (Present Tense) Regular verb ending with –ar = e verb ending with – verb ending with - yo hable er = a ir = iera tú hables venda escriba él, Ud hable vendas escribas nosotros hablemos venda escriba ellos, Uds hablen vendamos escribamos vendan escriban
Irregular Estar / jugar –ar = e Ser / saber –er = a Ir / mentir -ir = iera
yo esté - juegue sea - sepa vaya - mienta tú estés - juegues seas - sepas vayas - mientas él, Ud esté - juegue sea - sepa vaya – mienta nosotros estemos - juguemos seamos - sepamos vayamos - mintamos ellos, Uds estén - jueguen sean - sepan vayan - mientan
Note that some other irregular verbs have different irregularities not listed in the table above. The Imperfect subjunctive is formed by adding a set of endings terminating in either - ra or -se (with no difference in usage or meaning) to the verb stem, with one set of endings for first conjugation (-ar) verbs and another set of endings for second (-er) and third (-ir) conjugation verbs, and is used in the same type of situations in which the present subjunctive is used, except that the governing verb is typically in a past tense (e.g., the preterit, imperfect, past perfect, conditional, conditional perfect, or one of the past subjunctives): Esperaba que él dormiera (or dormiese) pronto (I was expecting him to sleep soon).
Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive Regular verb ending with – verb ending with – verb ending with - yo ar = ara er = iera ir = iera tú hablara vendiera escribiera él, Ud hablaras vendieras escribieras nosotros hablara vendiera escribiera ellos, Uds habláramos vendiéramos escribiéramos hablaran vendieran escribiera
The perfect subjunctive is a compound tense formed by the present subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb. And is normally used to indicate the action as completed with governing verbs in the present or future tense or command forms. Examples: Me alegro de que él haya llegado (I’m glad he has arrived):
Spanish Perfect Subjunctive Regular All verb (-ar, -er, -ir) yo haya hablado tú hayas + comido He has spoken/eaten/lived él, Ud haya nosotros hayamos vivido ellos, Uds hayan
The Pluperfect subjunctive is a compound tense formed by the imperfect subjunctive of
haber and the past participle of the main verb. Similar to the past perfect indicative, this tense is may be used to indicate an action or state that occurred prior to something in the past (usually expressed by the imperfect or preterit indicative, or by the past subjunctive): Dudábamos que hubieran dormido (We doubted that they had slept).
Spanish Pluperfect Subjunctive yo hubiera tú hubieras hablado él/ella/usted hubiera comido I had spoken/ nosotros/vosotras hubiéramos vivido vosotros/vosotras hubierais ellos/ellas/ustedes hubieran