Code No: RR311801 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Two aero planes bomb a target in succession. The probability of each correctly
scoring a hit is 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. The second will bomb only if the first
misses the target. Find the probability that
i. one target is hit
ii. both fails to score hits
(b) There are three boxes. Box I contains 10 light bulbs of which 4 are defective.
Box II contains 6 light bulbs of which one is defective. Box III contains 8 light
bulbs of which 3 are defective. A box is chosen and a bulb is drawn. Find the
probability that the bulb is non defective. [8+8]

2. (a) Define random variable, discrete probability distribution, continuous proba-

bility distribution and cumulative distribution. Give an example of each.
(b) Assume that 50% of all engineering students are good in mathematics. Deter-
mine the probabilities that among 18 engineering students
i. exactly 10
ii. at least 10
iii. at most 8
iv. at least 2 and at most 9 , are good in mathematics. [8+8]

3. (a) Suppose 2% of the people on the average are left handed. Find
i. the probability of finding 3 or more left handed
ii. the probability of finding ≤ 1 left handed.
(b) The mean and standard deviation of a normal variate are 8 and 4 respectively
find
i. P(5 ≤ x ≤10)
ii. P(x ≥ 5) [8+8]

4. (a) The mean life time of light bulbs produced by company is 1500 hours with
standard deviation of 150 hours. Determine the probability that lighting will
take place for
i. at least 5000 hours
ii. at most 4200 hours if three bulbs are connected such that when one bulb
burns out another bulb will go on. Assume that the life times are normally
distributed.

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 1
(b) Find the probability that random samples of 100 bolts, chosen from a lot of
500 bolts having mean weight of 142.30 gms and standard deviation of 8.50
gms, will have a combined weight of
i. between 14061 and 14175 gms
ii. more than 14460 gms. [8+8]

5. (a) Experiences had shown that 20% of a manufactured product is of the top
quality. In one days production of 400 articles only 50 are of top quality. Test
the hypothesis at 0.05 level.
(b) Ten bearings made by a certain process have a mean diameter of 0.5060 cm
with a standard deviation of 0.0040 cm. Assuming that the data may be
looked upon as a random sample from a normal distribution, construct a 95%
confidence interval for the actual average diameter of the bearings? [8+8]

6. A die is thrown 60 times with the following results.

Face 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 8 7 12 8 14 11

Test the goodness of fit at 5% level. [8+8]

7. (a) The following data pertain to the demand for a product ( in thousands of
units) and its price ( in cents) charged in five different market areas:
Price (x) 20 16 10 11 14
Demand 22 41 120 89 56
Fit a parabola of the form y = ao + a1 xto the above data
(b) Fit the model y =axb to the following data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5 6
y: 2.98 4.26 5.21 6.10 6.80 7.50 [8+8]

8. (a) The following table gives experimental values of the three variates X,Y and Z.
Fit a multiple regression of the type Z = α X + βY.
X 1 2 3 5
Y 1 3 4 2
Z 7 18 25 23
(b) The following are the marks obtained by 12 students in Economics and Sta-
tistics:
Economics(x) 78 56 36 66 25 75 82 62
Statistics(y) 84 44 51 58 60 68 62 58
Compute the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between x and y [8+8]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define a random experiment, sample space, event and mutually exclusive
events. Give examples of each.
(b) Box A contains 5 red and 3 white marbles and box B contains 2 red and 6
white marbles.
i. If a marble is drawn from each box, what is the probability that they are
both of the same color? [8+8]

2. (a) A pair of dice are thrown. Let the random variable X assign to each point
(a,b) in S the sum of its numbers.
i. Find the distribution of X
ii. the mean of the random variable
iii. the variance of the random variable.
(b) The probability that a student is successful in a mathematics examination is
0.4. If 15 students appear for the examination determine the probability that
i. at least 10
ii. from 3 to 8 are successful. [8+8]
3
3. (a) If a Poisson distribution is such that P(x=1). 2
= P(x=3).
Find
i. p(x ≥1)
ii. p(x ≤ 3)
iii. p(2≤ x ≤ 5)
(b) A sales tax officer has reported that the average sales of the 500 business that
he has to deal with during a year is Rs.36,000 with a standard deviation of
10,000. Assuming that the sales in these business are normally distributed,
find
i. the number of business as the sales of while are Rs.40,000/-
ii. the percentage of business the sales of while are likely to range between
Rs. 30,000/- and Rs.40,000/- [8+8]

4. There are 25 cards on four of them written 5, on six of them 10, on five of them
15, on three of them 20, on four of them 25 and three of them 30. One are each of
5,10,15,20,25,30 are selected without replacement. Find

(a) The mean of the population.

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 2
(b) Standard deviation of the population.
(c) Mean of means of sampling distribution.
(d) Standard deviation of means of sampling distribution. [4×4]

5. (a) In a study of an automobile insurance a random sample of 80 body repair

costs had a mean of Rs. 472.36 and a standard deviation of Rs 62.35. If x is
used as a point estimate to the true average repair costs, with what confidence
we can assert that the maximum error doesn’t exceed Rs. 10?
(b) A manufacturer of electric bulbs claims that the percentage defectives in his
product doesn’t exceed 6. A sample of 40 bulbs is found to contain 5 defectives.
Would you consider the claim justified? [8+8]

6. (a) A random sample from a company’s very extensive files shows that the orders
for a certain kind of machinery were filed, respectively in 10,12,19,14,15,18,11
and 13 days. Use the level of significance α=0.01 to test the claim that on the
average such orders are field in 10.5 days. Assume normality?
(b) The results of polls conducted 2 weeks and 4 weeks before a gubernatorial
election are shown in the following table:
Two weeks before election Four weeks before election
For Republican canditate 79 91
For Democratic canditate 84 66
Undecided 37 43
Use the 0.05 level of significance to test whether there has been a change in
opinion during the 2 weeks between the polls. [8+8]

7. (a) The following data pertain to the demand for a product ( in thousands of
units) and its price ( in cents) charged in five different market areas:
Price (x) 20 16 10 11 14
Demand 22 41 120 89 56
Fit a parabola of the form y = ao + a1 xto the above data
(b) Fit the model y =axb to the following data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5 6
y: 2.98 4.26 5.21 6.10 6.80 7.50 [8+8]

8. (a) If there are no ties in the ranks then show that the rank correlation is given
6Σd2i
be ρ = 1 − n(n2 −1) where di = rank of xi ? rank of yi
(b) For 20 army personnel, the regression of weight of kidneys (y) on weight of
heart (x), both measured in oz, is y = 0.399 x + 6.394 and the regression of
weight of heart on weight of kidneys is x = 1.212y - 2.461. Find the correlation
coefficient between the two variables and also their means. [8+8]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) For any three arbitrary events A, B, C , prove that P (A′ ∪ B ′ ∪ C) = P (A)+
P (B) + P (C) − P (A ∩ B) − P (B ∩ C) − P (C ∩ A) + P (A ∩ B ∩ C)
(b) In a certain town 40% have brown hair, 25% have brown eyes and 15% have
both brown hair and brown eyes. A person is select at random from the town
i. If he has brown hair, what is the probability that he has brown eyes also
ii. If he has brown eyes, determine the probability that he does not have
brown hair [8+8]

2. (a) Define random variable, discrete probability distribution, continuous proba-

bility distribution and cumulative distribution. Give an example of each.
(b) Assume that 50% of all engineering students are good in mathematics. Deter-
mine the probabilities that among 18 engineering students
i. exactly 10
ii. at least 10
iii. at most 8
iv. at least 2 and at most 9 , are good in mathematics. [8+8]

3. (a) Using recurrence formula find the probabilities when x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
If the mean of Poisson distribution is 3.
(b) If the masses of 300 students are normally distributed with mean 68 kgs and
standard deviation 3 kgs how many students have masses.
i. Greater then 72 kg
ii. Less than or equal to 64 kg
iii. Between 65 and 71 kg inclusive [8+8]

4. (a) What is the probability that X will be between 75 and 78 if a random sample
of size 100 taken from an infinite population has mean 76 and variance 256.
(b) According to the norms established for a mechanical aptitude test persons
who are 18 years old should average 73.2 with a standard deviation 8.6. If
4 randomly selected persons of that age averaged 76.7, test the null hypoth-
esis µ = 73.2 against the alternate hypothesis µ > 73.2 at the 0.01 level of
significance? [8+8]

5. (a) In a random sample of 125 cola drinkers, 68 said they prefer thumsup to pepsi.
Test the null hypothesis p = 0.5 against the alternate hypothesis p>0.5

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 3
(b) A random sample of 100 teachers in a large metropolitan area revealed a mean
weekly salary of Rs. 487 with a standard deviation Rs. 48. With what degree
of confidence can we assert that the average weekly salary of all teachers in
the metropolitan area is between 472 to 502? [8+8]

6. (a) Four methods are under development for making discs of a super conducting
material. Fifty discs are made by each method and they are checked for super
conductivity when cooled with liquid.

1st Method 2nd Method 3rd Method 4th Method

Super Conductors 31 42 22 25
Failures 19 8 28 25

(b) Test the significant difference between the proportions of Superconductors at

.05 level, 20 From the following data find whether there is any significant liking
in the habit of taking soft drinks among the categories of employees. [8+8]

Employees
Soft drinks Clerks Teachers Officers
Pepsi 10 25 65
Thums up 15 30 65
Fanta 50 60 30

7. (a) Derive normal equations to fit the curve of the form y = a + bx2
(b) Fit a curve of the form y = a + bx for the following data and find y
when x = 12. [6+10]

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y 9 8 10 12 11 13 14 16 15

8. The marks obtained by 10 students in mathematics and statistics are given below.
Find the coefficient of correlation between the two subjects and the two lines of
regression. [16]

Marks in maths 75 30 60 80 53 35 15 40 38 48
Marks in statistics 85 45 54 91 58 63 35 43 45 44

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) If 4 tickets are drawn from tickets numbered 1 to 30 inclusive, determine the
probability that the tickets marked 1 and 2 are among the four of them
(b) Suppose colored balls are distributed in three indistinguishable boxes as fol-
lows:
Box − I Box − II Box − III
Red 2 4 3
white 3 1 4
Blue 5 3 3
A box is selected at random from which a ball is selected at a random. What
is the probability that the ball is colored
i. red
ii. blue [6+10]

2. (a) A random variable X has the following distribution

X 1 2 3 4 8 9
P(x) k 3k 5k 7k 9k 11k

Determine
i. K
ii. mean
iii. p(x ≥ 3)
(b) Derive a recurrence relation of Binomial distribution and also find the mode
of Binomial distribution [8+8]

3. (a) Using recurrence formula find the probabilities when x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
If the mean of Poisson distribution is 3.
(b) If the masses of 300 students are normally distributed with mean 68 kgs and
standard deviation 3 kgs how many students have masses.
i. Greater then 72 kg
ii. Less than or equal to 64 kg
iii. Between 65 and 71 kg inclusive [8+8]

4. (a) Sample of size 2 are taken from the population 1,2,3,4,5,6 without replacement
Find

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 4
i. The mean of the population.
ii. The standard deviation of the population.
iii. The mean of sampling distribution of means.
iv. The standard deviation of sampling distribution of means.
(b) In 64 randomly selected hours of production the mean and the standard devi-
ation of the number of acceptance pieces produced by an automatic stamping
machine are x = 1.038 and the standard deviation σ = .146. At the .05 level
of significance test the hypothesis if µ =1.000. [10+6]

5. (a) Experiences had shown that 20% of a manufactured product is of the top
quality. In one days production of 400 articles only 50 are of top quality. Test
the hypothesis at 0.05 level.
(b) Ten bearings made by a certain process have a mean diameter of 0.5060 cm
with a standard deviation of 0.0040 cm. Assuming that the data may be
looked upon as a random sample from a normal distribution, construct a 95%
confidence interval for the actual average diameter of the bearings? [8+8]

6. (a) A large electronic firm that hires many workers with disabilities wants to
determine whether their disabilities affect such workers performance. Use the
level of significance of α = 0.05 to decide on the basis of the following data,
whether it is reasonable to maintain that the disabilities have no effect on the
worker’s performance;

Above average Average Below average

Blind 21 64 17
Deaf 16 49 14
No disability 29 93 28
(b) It has been suggested that an average college teacher in Andhra Pradesh
spends less than 10 hours in a week on his own academic schedule. The
figures for the time spent during a week are given below for 12 teachers:

7.1 13.1 7.8 3.6 8.4 4.9

9.6 3.4 0.1 7.2 20.3 11.1

Is the claim justified with the level of significance of 0.05? [8+8]

7. (a) Derive normal equations to fit y = axb

(b) Fit a parabola of the form y = a + bx + cx2 for the following data [6+10]

x 2 4 6 8 10
y 3.07 12.85 31.47 57.38 91.29

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 4
8. The following data relate to the marks of 10 students in the internal test and the
university examination for the maximum of 50 each

Internal marks (x) 25 28 30 32 35 36 38 39 42 45

University marks (y) 20 26 29 30 25 18 26 35 35 46

Find the coefficient of correlation and the two lines of regression. [16]

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