Computations

Percentage Yield of Pericarp

Unripe yield = 1.79 / 150 x 100

= 1.19 %

Ripe = 4.01 / 150 x100

= 2.67 %

Dried = 6.51 / 500 x 100

= 1.30 %

Total = 12.31 / 800

= 1.54 %
 Saponification Value

Formula:
Saponification value = ( a−b ) × ( meq KOH ) weight ( g ) of sample

Where : a = volume (ml) of 0.5 mol/l hydrochloric acid consumed in the blank test;
b = volume (ml) of 0.5 mol/l hydrochloric acid consumed in the sample;
meq KOH = 28.05

Calculations:

1) Saponification value = (5.3 ml – 2.1 ml) (28.05) / (.50)

= 179.52 mg KOH / g

2) Saponification value = (5.3 ml – 2.1 ml) (28.05) / (.50)

= 187.00 mg KOH / g

3) Saponification value = (5.3 ml – 2.3 ml) (28.05) / (.50)

= 168.30 mg KOH / g

Mean SAP = 178.27 mg KOH / g

 Acid Value

Acid Value = ( ml KOH ) × N ×56.1

mass of sample ( g )

Where: ml KOH = volume KOH titrated;

N = normality KOH;
56.1 = molecular weight of KOH

Calculations:

1) Acid Value = ( 1.6 ml) () (56.1)/ (.20)

= 224.4 mg KOH / g
 Specific Gravity

(assume ~25˚C and ~1 atm)

Specific Gravity = ρoil / ρH2O

Where:ρoil = massoil / volumeoil;

ρH2O = mH2O / vH2O

Calculations:

1. ρoil = 1.02 g / 1.2 ml

= 0.85 g / ml

ρH2O @ 25˚C = 0.997 g / ml (standard property of H2O )

∴ SG = 0.85/0.997
= 0.853

2. ρoil = 1.00 g / 1.2 ml

= 0.833 g / ml

ρH2O @ 25˚C = 0.997 g / ml

∴ SG = 0.833/0.997
= 0.836

3. ρoil = 1.00 g / 1.2 ml

= 0.833 g / ml

ρH2O @ 25˚C = 0.997 g / ml

∴ SG = 0.833/0.997
= 0.836

Mean SG = 0.842
 Ash Content

1) Mass of sample (before charring) = 0.50 g

Mass of sample (ash) = 0.04 g
Mass lost = 0.46 g

% Ash = mass of ash/mass of sample x 100

= 0.04/0.50 x 100
= 0.08 x 100
= 8.0%

2) Mass of sample (before charring) = 0.52 g

Mass of sample (ash) = 0.05 g
Mass lost = 0.47 g

% Ash = mass of ash/mass of sample x 100

= 0.05/0.52 x 100
= 0.096 x 100
= 9.6%

3) Mass of sample (before charring) = 0.50 g

Mass of sample (ash) = 0.06 g
Mass lost = 0.44 g

% Ash = mass of ash/mass of sample x 100

= 0.06/0.50 x 100
= 0.12 x 100
= 12.0%

Mean ash content: = total ash mass / total mass x 100

= 0.15 / 1.52 x 100
= 9.87%
 Moisture Content

1) Mass of sample = 0.27 g

Mass of sample after heating = 0.24 g
% moisture = mass difference / mass of sample x 100
= 0.03 / 0.27 x 100
= 11.1%

2) Mass of sample = 0.25 g

Mass of sample after heating = 0.22 g
% moisture = mass difference / mass of sample x 100
= 0.03 / 0.25 x 100
= 12%

3) Mass of sample = 0.27 g

Mass of sample after heating = 0.26 g
% moisture = mass difference / mass of sample x 100
= 0.01 / 0.27 x 100
= 3.7%

Mean moisture content = total mass difference / total mass x 100

= 0.03+0.03+0.01 / 0.27+0.25+0.27 x 100
= 8.86%