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    sp_suman2
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    HYPER TEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE (html) is the language used to develop web pages. HTML is a set of special codes that can be embedded directly into the text to add formatting and linking information. HTML tags can be of two types: paired tags and singular tags.

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    HYPER TEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE

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    HYPER TEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE (html) is the language used to develop web pages. HTML is a set of special codes that can be embedded directly into the text to add formatting and linking information. HTML tags can be of two types: paired tags and singular tags.

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    60 views6 pages

    Hyper Text Mark Up Language

    Uploaded by

    sp_suman2
    HYPER TEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE (html) is the language used to develop web pages. HTML is a set of special codes that can be embedded directly into the text to add formatting and linking information. HTML tags can be of two types: paired tags and singular tags.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 6

    HYPER TEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE

    The language used to develop web pages is called HYPER TEXT


    MARK UP LANGUAGE
    (html). HTML is the language interpreted by a web browser. Web
    pages are called HTML documents. HTML is a set of special codes
    that can be embedded directly into the text to add formatting and
    linking information. HTML is specified as tags in an HTML document.

    HTML TAGS

    Tags are the instructions that are embedded directly into the text of
    the document. An HTML tag is a signal to a browser that it should do
    something other than just throw text up on the screen. By
    convention all HTML tags begin with an open angel bracket (<) and
    end with an close angel bracket (>).

    HTML tags can be of two types:

    PAIRED TAGS: A tag is said to be a paired tag if comes with a


    companion tag, flanks the text. For example <B> tag is a paired tag
    with its companion tag </B> causes the text contained between
    them to be rendered in bold. In paired tag the first tag (<B>) is
    often called the opening tag and the second tag (</B>) is called the
    closing tag.
    The opening tag activates the effect on and the closing tag turns
    the effect off.

    SINGULAR TAGS: The second type of the tag is the singular tag or
    stand-alone tag. A stand-alone tag does not have a companion
    tag. For example <BR> tag will insert a line break. This tag
    does not require any companion tag.

    THE STRUCTURE OF HTML PROGRAM

    Every HTML program has a rigid structure. The entire web page is
    enclosed with <HTML> </HTML> tags. Within these tags
    two distinct sections are created using the <HEAD> </HEAD>
    tag and the <BODY> </BODY> tags. These sections are
    described below.
    DOCUMENT HEAD:
    Information placed in this section is essential to the inner working
    of the document and has nothing to do with the content of the
    document. With the exception of the information contained
    witHin the <TITLE> </TITLE> tags, all the information placed
    within the <HEAD> </HEAD> tags is not displayed in the
    browser. It is indicated in the title bar.
    <HEAD>
    <TITLE>……………… </TITLE>
    </HEAD>
    DOCUMENT BODY:
    The tag used to indicate the start and end of the main body of the
    textual information are:

    <body>
    ----------
    -----------
    -------------
    </body>
    Page defaults like background color, text color can be specified as
    attribute of the body tag. The attributes that the <BODY> tag
    takes are:
    1. BGCOLOR: Changes the default background color to whatever
    color is specified with this tag. The user can specify the a color
    by name.
    2. BACKGROUND: specifies the name of the gif file that will be
    used as the background of the document.
    3. TEXT: changes the body text color from its default value to the
    color specified with this attribute.
    Example:

    <BODY BACKGROUND=”STARFIED.GIF” TEXT=RED>

    NOTE: ALL THE CODE IS WRITTEN INTO A NOTE PAD AND TO SAVE
    IT WE USE THE FILE EXTENSION .HTML. FOR EXAMPLE:
    SUKHI.HTML

    TEXT FORMATTING

    PARAGRAPH BREAKS:

    A blank line always separates paragraph in textual material. The


    tag that provides this functionality is <P>. on encountering this
    tab the browser moves onto a new line, skipping one line
    between the previous line and the new line.
    For example:

    Delta Engineering Pvt. Ltd. is a specialist manufacturer of wire and wire


    products. DEPL established in Mumbai, India is ideally located for shipments
    to any part of the world. The main items of manufacture, in collaboration
    with Gulf Fencing Industry (GFI) include protector gabions and protector
    fencing systems. <P>Protector fencing systems offer a wide range of solutions
    to all security problems on any terrain and under extreme climatic
    conditions. Protector fencing system has been used extensively in Europe,
    America and the Far East, and this has helped formulate a package especially
    suited to Middle East requirements.

    Output:
    Delta Engineering Pvt. Ltd. is a specialist manufacturer of wire and wire
    products. DEPL established in Mumbai, India is ideally located for shipments
    to any part of the world. The main items of manufacture, in collaboration
    with Gulf Fencing Industry (GFI) include protector gabions and protector
    fencing systems.

    Protector fencing systems offer a wide range of solutions to all security


    problems on any terrain and under extreme climatic conditions. Protector
    fencing system has been used extensively in Europe, America and the Far East,
    and this has helped formulate a package especially suited to Middle East
    requirements.

    LINE BREAKS:
    When text needs to start from a new line and not continue on the
    same line(without skipping a blank line), the <BR> tag is used.
    This tag simply jumps to the start of the next line.

    For example:
    Hello<BR> hoe are u<BR> welcome to my site.

    Output:
    Hello
    How are u
    Welcome to my site.

    EMPHASIZING MATERIAL IN A WEB PAGE

    Document pages are usually divided into sections and sub sections ,
    which needs to be emphasized. HTML provides certain heading
    styles and horizontal rules, which helps break text into logical
    sections with visual appeal.

    Heading Styles: HTML supports six different levels of heading. The


    highest – level header format is <H1>. And the lowest level is <H6>.
    All the styles appear in boldface and the size of the heading
    depends on the level chosen.
    For example:
    <h3> The early years</h3>
    Output:
    The early years
    Drawing lines: The <HR> tag draws lines and horizontal rules. This
    tag draws a horizontal line across the whole page, wherever
    specified. The attributes to the <HR> tag are:
    1. ALIGN: aligns the line on the screen, which is by default
    aligned to the center of the screen. It has three different
    values left, right and center.
    2. SIZE: changes the size of the rule.
    3. WIDTH: sets the width of the rule. We can set any no.
    1,2,3,-----.

    TEXT STYLES:
    BOLD: displays the text in bold face.
    <B>----------</B>
    ITALICS: displays the text in italics.
    <I>-----------</I>
    UNDERLINED: displays text as underlined.
    <U>-----------</U>
    CONTROLLING FONT SIZE AND COLOR:

    All the text specified within the tags <FONT> and </FONT> will
    appear in the font, size and color as specified as attributes of the
    tag <FONT>. The attributes are:

    1. FACE: sets the font to the specified font name.


    2. SIZE: sets the size of the text in numbers by default it is 3.
    3. Color: sets the color of the text.
    For example:
    <FONT FACE=”TIMES NEW ROMAN” SIZE=6
    COLOR=RED>-----------------------------</FONT>

    LIST

    TYPES OF LISTS

    UNORDERED LIST(BULLETS)
    An unordered list start with the tag <UL> and ends with </UL>.
    Each list item starts with the tag <LI>. The attributes that can be
    specified with <li> are
    1. Type: specifies the type of the bullet.
    Type= fillround will give a solid round black bullet.
    Type=square will give a solid square black bullet.
    For example:
    Some of these products include:
    <UL TYPE=FILLROUND>
    <LI>FLOPPIES
    <LI>HARD DISK
    <LI>MONITER
    </UL>
    OUTPUT:
    Some of these products include:
    • FLOPPIES
    • HARD DISK
    • MONITER

    ORDERED LIST:
    An ordered list start with the tag <OL> and ends with </OL>. Each
    list item starts with the tag <LI>. The attributes that can be
    specified with <li> are:

    1. Type: controls the numbering scheme to be used.(1, A, a, I,i)


    2. Start: alters the numbering sequence. Can be set to any
    numeric value.
    3. Value: changes the numbering sequence in the middle of
    the ordered list. It is to be specified with the <LI> tag.

    For example:
    Some of these products include:
    <OL TYPE=”1” START=3>
    <LI>FLOPPIES
    <LI VALUE=7>HARD DISK
    <LI>MONITER
    </OL>
    OUTPUT:
    Some of these products include:
    1. FLOPPIES
    7. HARD DISK
    8. MONITER

    DEFINITION LIST:
    Definition list values appear with in tags <DL> & </DL>.definition
    lists consist of two parts.
    1. Definition term: appears after the <DT>.
    2. Definition description: appears after the <DD>
    FOR EXAMPLE:

    <DL>
    <DT> KEYBOARD
    <DD> AN INPUT DEVICE
    <DT> PRINTER
    <DD> AN OUTPUT DEVICE
    </DL>
    OUTPUT:
    KEYBOARD
    AN INPUT DEVICE
    PRINTER
    AN OUTPUT DEVICE

    FEATURE OF MS-WORD:

    Open File
    Bold, Underline, and Italicize
    Highlighting Text
    Changing Font Color
    Cut and Paste
    Cutting and Pasting by Using the Standard Toolbar
    Cutting by Using the Icon
    Coping by Using the Icon
    Pasting by Using the Icon
    Using AutoText Cut and Copy
    Inserting Text
    To change to the Insert mode
    To Overtype
    MAIL MERGE
    INSERTING CHARTS, IMAGES, GRAPHICS
    UNDO AND REDO
    SETTING LINE SPACING
    FIND AND REPLACE
    HEADER AND FOOTER

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