THE INDIAN SOLDIERS (LITIGATION) ACT, 1925

Year : 1925

Act :

THE INDIAN SOLDIERS (LITIGATION) ACT, 1925.ACT NO. 4 OF 1925 1*

[26th February, 1925.]

An Act to consolidate and amend the law to provide for the special protection in respect of civil and revenue litigation of Indian soldiers serving under special conditions.

WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law to provide for the special protection in respect of civil and revenue litigation of Indian soldiers serving under
special conditions; It is hereby enacted as follows:-

1.Short title, extent and commencement.

1. Short title, extent and commencement. (1) This Act may be called the Indian Soldiers (Litigation) Act, 1925.2[(2) It extends to the whole of India 3 * * *.]

(3) It shall come into force on the first day of April, 1925.<>

2.Definitions.

2. Definitions. In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-

4[(a) "Court" means a Court other than a Criminal Court and includes any such tribunal or other authority as may be specified by the Central Government by notification in
the
Official Gazette being a tribunal or authority which is empowered by law to receive evidence on any matter pending before it and on the basis of such evidence to determine,
after hearing the parties before it, the rights and obligations of the parties in relation to such matter;]

(b) "Indian soldier" means any person subject to 5[the Army

Act, 1950 (46 of 1950), or the Air Force Act, 1950] (45 of
1950), 6[, or the Navy Act, 1957 (62 of 1957)];

(c) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this

Act; and

(d) "proceeding" includes any suit, appeal or application;

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1 The Act has been extended to Pondicherry by S.O. 4, dated

20-12-1962, Gazette of India, 1963, Pt. II, Sec. 3 (ii), p. 3; to
Dadra and Nagar Haveli by Reg. 6 of 1963, s. 2 and Sch. I and to
Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands by Reg. 8 of 1965, s. 3 and
Sch.

Extended to the Union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu vide Notifn.
No. G.S.R. 621(E), dated 22-8-1984.2 Subs. by A. O. 1950, for the former clause.

3 The words "except the State of Jammu and Kashmir" omitted by

Act 62 of 1956, s. 2 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956.).

4 Subs. by Act 23 of 1970, s. 2, for cl. (a).

5 Subs. by Act 3 of 1951, s. 3 and Sch., for "the Indian Army

Act, 1911, or the Indian Air Force Act, 1932,".

6 Ins. by Act 23 of 1970 S. 2.-----------------------------------------------------------------------

38.1[(e) any reference to a decree or order of a Court shall be deemed to include a reference to a judgment, determination or award of a Court.]

3.Circumstances in which an Indian soldier shall be deemed to be servingunder special conditions.

3. Circumstances in which an Indian soldier shall be deemed to be serving under special conditions. For the purposes of this Act, an
Indian soldier shall be deemed to be or, as the case may be, to have been serving-
(a) under special conditions-when he is or has been serving under war conditions, or overseas, or at any place
2[beyond India] 3[or at any such place within India as may be specified by the Central Government by notification in the
Official Gazette];

(b) under war conditions-when he is or has been, at any time during the continuance of any hostilities declared by the Central Government by notification in the Official
Gazette to constitute a state of war for the purposes of this
Act or at any time during a period of six months thereafter,-

(i) serving out of India,

(ii) under orders to proceed on field service,

(iii)serving with any unit which is for the time being mobilised, or

(iv) serving under conditions which, in the opinion of the prescribed authority, preclude him from obtaining leave of absence to enable him to attend a Court as a party to any
proceeding, or when he is or has been at any other time serving under conditions service under which has been declared by the Central Government by notification in the
Official Gazette to be service under war conditions; and

4[(c) overseas-when he is or has been serving in any place outside India (other than Ceylon) the journey between which and 5[India] is ordinarily undertaken wholly or in
part by sea.]

6[Explanation.-For the purposes of this section and with effect from the 3rd day of September, 1939, a soldier who is or has been a prisoner of war shall be deemed to be or
to have been serving under war conditions.]

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1. Ins. by Act 23 of 1970, s. 2.2. Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for certain original words.

3. Ins. by Act 23 of 1970, s. 3.4. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for the original clause.

5. Subs. by the A.O. 1948, for "British India".

6 Ins. by Ord. 64 of 1942, s. 2.-----------------------------------------------------------------------

38.4.Particulars to be furnished in plaints, applications or appeals toCourt.

4. Particulars to be furnished in plaints, applications or appeals to Court. If any person presenting any plaint, application or appeal to any Court has reason to believe that
any adverse party is an
Indian soldier who is serving under special conditions, he shall state the fact in his plaint, application or appeal.

5.Power of Collector to intervene in case of unrepresented Indiansoldier.

5. Power of Collector to intervene in case of unrepresented

Indian soldier. If any Collector has reason to believe that any
Indian soldier, who ordinarily resides or has property in his district and who is a party to any proceeding pending before any Court, is unable to appear therein, the Collector
may certify the facts in the prescribed manner to the Court.

6.Notice to be given in case of unrepresented Indian soldier.

6. Notice to be given in case of unrepresented Indian soldier.

1[(1)] If a Collector has certified under section 5, or if the Court has reason to believe, that an Indian soldier, who is a party to any proceeding pending before it, is unable to
appear therein, and if the soldier is not represented by any person duly authorised to

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1 S.6 re-numbered as sub-section (1) of that section by Ord. 64.of 1942, s. 3.-----------------------------------------------------------------------

39.appear, plead or act on his behalf, the Court shall suspend the pro-
ceeding, and shall give notice thereof in the prescribed manner to the prescribed authority:

Provided that the Court may refrain from suspending the proceed-
ing and issuing the notice if-

(a) the proceeding is a suit, appeal or application instituted or made by the soldier, alone or conjointly with others with the object of enforcing a right of pre-emption,or
(b) the interests of the soldier in the proceeding are, in the opinion of the Court, either identical with those of any other party to the proceeding and adequately represented
by such other party or merely of a formal nature.

1[(2) If it appears to the Court before which any proceeding is pending that an Indian soldier though not a party to the proceeding is materially concerned in the outcome of
the proceeding and that his interests are likely to be prejudiced by his inability to attend, the
Court may suspend the proceeding and shall give notice thereof in the prescribed manner to the prescribed authority.]

7.Postponement of proceedings.

7. Postponement of proceedings. If, on receipt of a notice under section 6, the prescribed authority certifies in the prescribed manner to the Court in which the proceeding is
pending that the soldier in respect of whom the notice was given is serving under special conditions, and that a postponement of the proceeding in respect of the soldier is
necessary, in the interests of justice, the
Court shall thereupon postpone the proceeding in respect of the soldier for the prescribed period, or, if no period has been prescribed, for such period as it thinks fit.

8.Court may proceed when no certificate received.

8. Court may proceed when no certificate received. If, after issue of a notice under section 6, the prescribed authority either certifies that the soldier is not serving under
special conditions or that such postponement is not necessary, or fails to certify, in the case of a soldier resident in the district in which the Court is situate within two months
or, in any other case, within three months from the date of the issue of the notice that such postponement is necessary, the Court may, if it thinks fit, continue the
proceeding.

9.Postponement of proceedings against Indian soldier on leave.

9. Postponement of proceedings against Indian soldier on leave.

When any document purporting to be signed by the Commanding Officer of an Indian soldier who is a party to any proceeding is

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1 Ins. by Ordinance 64 of 1942, s.3.----------------------------------------------------------------------

40

produced by or on behalf of the soldier before the Court in which the proceeding is pending and is to the effect that the soldier-

(a) is on leave of absence for a period not exceeding two months, and is on the expiration of his leave to proceed on service under special conditions, or

(b) is on sick leave for a period not exceeding three months, and is on the expiration of his leave to rejoin his unit with a view to proceeding on service under special
conditions,

the proceeding in respect of such soldier may, in any case such as is referred to in the proviso to 1[sub-section (1) of section 6] and shall, in any other case, be postponed in
the manner provided in section 7.10.Power to set aside decrees and orders, passed against an Indiansoldier serving under war or special conditions.

10. Power to set aside decrees and orders, passed against an

Indian soldier serving under war or special conditions. (1) In any proceeding before a Court in which a decree or order has been passed against any Indian soldier 2* * * *
whilst he was serving under any special conditions, the soldier 3[or, if he is dead, his legal representative] may apply to the Court which passed the decree or order for an
order to set aside the same, and, if the Court, after giving an opportunity to the opposite party of being heard, is satisfied that the interests of justice require that the decree
or order should be set aside as against the soldier, the Court shall, subject to such conditions, if any, as it thinks fit to impose, make an order accordingly.

4[(2) The period of limitation for an application under sub-

section (1) shall be ninety days from the date of the decree or order, or, where the summons or notice Was not duly served on the soldier in the proceeding in which the
decree or order was passed, from the date on which the applicant had knowledge of the decree or order ; and the provisions of section 5 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908 (9
of
1908), shall apply to such applications.]

(3) When the decree or order in respect of which an application under sub-section (1) is made is of such a nature that it cannot be set aside as against the soldier only, it
may be set aside as against all or any of the parties against whom it has been made.

(4) Where a Court sets aside a decree or order under this section, it shall appoint a day for proceeding with the suit, appeal or application, as the case may be.

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1 Subs. by Ordinance 64 of 1942, s. 4 for "section 6"

2 Certain words omitted by s. 5, ibid.

3 Ins. by Ordinance 64 of 1942, s. 5.4 Subs., ibid., s. 5.----------------------------------------------------------------------

41.11.Modification of law of limitation where Indian soldier of his legalrepresentative is a party.

1[11. Modification of law of limitation where Indian soldier of his legal representative is a party. In computing the period of limitation prescribed by sub-section (2) of section
10 of this
Act, the Indian Limitation Act, 1908 (9 of 1908), or any other law for the time being in force, for any suit, appeal or application to a
Court, any party to which is or has been an Indian soldier, or is the legal representative of an Indian soldier, the period during which the soldier has been serving under any
special conditions, and, if the soldier has died while so serving, the period from the date of his death to the date on which official intimation thereof was sent to his next-of-
kin by the authorities in India, shall be excluded:

Provided that this section shall not apply in the case of any suit, appeal or application instituted or made with the object of enforcing a right of pre-emption 2[3[except where
the said right accrues in such circumstances, and is in respect of agricultural land village immovable property situated in any such area] as the
Central Government may, by notification4 in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf].

12.Power of Court to refer questions to prescribed authorities.

5[12. Power of Court to refer questions to prescribed authorities. If any Court is in doubt whether, for the purposes of section 10 or section 11, an Indian soldier is or was at
any particular time serving under special conditions, or has died while so serving, or as to the date of such death or as to the date on which official intimation of such death
was sent to his next-of-kin by the authorities in India, the Court may refer the point for the decision of the prescribed authority, and the certificate of that authority shall be
conclusive evidence on the point.]

13.Rule-making power.

13. Rule-making power. 8[(1)] The 6[Central Government] 7* * *

may, by notification in the Official Gazette make rules to provide for all or any of the following matters, namely :-

(a) the manner and form in which any notice or certificate under this Act shall be given;

(b) the period for which proceedings or any class of proceedings shall be postponed under section 7;

(c) the persons who shall be the prescribed authorities for the purposes of this Act;

(d) any other matter which is to be or may be prescribed;

and

(e) generally, any matters incidental to the purposes of this Act.

8[(2) Every rule made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty
days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the
successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have
effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be;, so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the vali-
dity of anything previously done under that rule.]

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1. Subs. by Ord. 64 of 1942, s. 6.2. Added by Ordinance 14 of 1944, s. 2.3. Subs. by Act 18 of 1946, s. 2, for "except in such areas, and subject to such modifications, if
any".

4. For such modification see Gazette of India, 1946, Pt. I, p.

1305.5. Subs. by Ordinance 64 of 1942, s. 7,

6. Subs. by the A.O. 1937. for "L. G."

7. The words, "after Consulting the High Court concerned,"

omitted by Act 23 of 1970, s. 4.8 Renumbered and ins. by Act 4 of 1986, s. 2 and Sch. (w.e.f.
15.5.1986)

42.14.Power to apply the provisions of the Act to other persons in theservice of the Government.

14. Power to apply the provisions of the Act to other persons in the service of the Government. 1[(1)] 2[As respects the State Public
Services, the State Government, and in other cases, the Central
Government] may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that all or any of the provisions of this Act shall apply to any other class of persons in the service of
Government specified in such notification in the same manner as they apply to Indian soldiers.

3[(2) Where, under this section, the State Government has direct-
ed that all or any of the provisions of this Act shall apply to any class of persons in the service of Government, the powers vested in the Central Government by section 3 and
section 13 shall be exercised in respect of that class of persons by the State Government.]

14A.

Rep. by the Adaptation of Laws (No.3) Order, 1956.4 14A. [Power to apply the provisions of the Act to members of the forces maintained by any Part B State.] Rep. by the
Adaptation of
Laws (No. 3) Order, 1956.15.Repeal of Acts IX of 1918 and XII of 1924.15. [Repeal of Acts IX of 1918 and XII of 1924.] Rep. by the Re-
pealing Act, 1927 (12 of 1927), s. 2 and Sch.

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1. S. 14 re-numbered as sub-section (1) of that section by

Ordinance 64 of 1942, s. 8.2. Subs. by the A. O. 1937, for "The G. G. in C.".

3. Ins. by Ordinance 64 of 1942, s. 8.4. Ins. by Ordinance 14 of 1944, s. 3.---------------------------------------------------------------------

 
INDIAN SOLDIERS (LITIGATION) ACT, I925 - Amending Act 1  -  

INDIAN SOLDIERS (LITIGATION) AMENDMENT ACT, 1970:

THE INDIAN SOLDIERS (LITIGATION) AMENDMENT ACT, 1970

[Act, No. 23 of 1970]

[29th May, 1970]

PREAMBLE 

An Act further to amend the Indian Soldiers (Litigation) Act, 1925.

BE it enacted by Parliament in the Twenty-first Year of the Republic of India as follows:-

1.Short title.-

This Act may be called the Indian Soldiers (Litigation) Amendment Act, 1970.

2.Amendment of section 2.- 

In the Indian Soldiers (Litigation) Act, 1925 (4 of 1925) (hereinafter referred to as the principal
Act), in section 2,-

(i) for clause (a), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:-

(a) "Court" means a Court other than a Criminal Court and includes any such tribunal or
other authority as may be specified by the Central Government by notification in the
Official Gazette being a tribunal or authority which is empowered by law to receive
evidence on any matter pending before it and on the basis of such evidence to determine,
after hearing the parties before it, the rights and obligations of the parties in relation to
such matter;';

(ii) in clause (b), the words and figures ", or the Navy Act, 1957" (62 of 1957) shall be added
at the end;

(iii) after clause (d), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:-

"(e) any reference to a decree or order of a Court shall be deemed to include a reference
to a judgment, determination or award of a Court.".

3.Amendment of section 3.-

In section 3 of the principal Act, in clause (a), the words "or at any such place within India as
may be specified by the Central Government by notification in the Official Gazette" shall be added
at the end.

4.Amendment of section 13.-

In section 13 of the principal Act, the words ", after consulting the High Court concerned", shall be
omitted.
THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT, 1923
Year : 1923

Act : An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to official secrets.

Whereas it is expedient that the law relating to official secrets should be consolidated and amended;

It is hereby enacted as follows: —

1. Short title, extent and application. — (1) This Act may be called the Official Secrets Act, 1923.

(2) It extends to the whole of India and applies also to servants of the Government and to citizens of India outside India.

2. Definitions. — In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context, —

(1) any reference to a place belonging to Government includes a place occupied by any department of the Government, whether the place is or is not actually vested in
Government;

(2) expressions referring to communicating or receiving include any communicating or receiving, whether in whole or in part, and whether the sketch, plan, model, article,
note, document, or information itself or the substance, effect or description thereof only be communicated or received; expressions referring to obtaining or retaining any
sketch, plan, model, article, note or document, include the copying or causing to be copied of the whole or any part of any sketch, plan, model, article, note, or document;
and expressions referring to the communication of any sketch, plan, model, article, note or document include the transfer or transmission of the sketch, plan, model article,
note or document;

(3) “document” includes part of a document;

(4) “model” includes design, pattern and specimen;

(5) “munitions of war“ includes the whole or any part of any ship, submarine, aircraft, tank or similar engine, arms and ammunition, torpedo, or mine intended or adapted for
use in war, and any other article, material or device, whether actual or proposed, intended for such use;

(6) “office under Government” includes any office or employment in or under any department of the Government.

(7) “photograph“ includes an undeveloped film or plate;

(8) “prohibited place” means —

(a) any work of defence, arsenal, naval, military or air force establishment or station, mine, minefield, camp, ship or aircraft belonging to, or occupied by or on behalf of,
Government, any military telegraph or telephone so belonging or occupied, any wireless or signal station or office so belonging or occupied and any factory, dockyard or other
place so belonging or occupied and used for the purpose of building, repairing, making or storing any munitions of war, or any sketches, plans, models or documents relating
thereto, or for the purpose of getting any metals, oil or minerals of use in time of war;

(b) any place not belonging to Government where any munitions or war or any sketches, models, plans or documents relating thereto, are being made, repaired, gotten or
stored under contract with, or with any person on behalf of, Government, or otherwise on behalf of Government;

(c) any place belonging to or used for the purpose of Government which is for the time being declared by the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, to be
a prohibited place for the purposes of this Act on the ground that information with respect thereto, or damage thereto, would be useful to an enemy, and to which a copy of
the notification in respect thereof has been affixed in English and in the vernacular of the locality;

(d) any railway, road, way or channel, or other means of communication by land or water (including any works or structures being part thereof or connected therewith) or
any place used for gas, water or electricity works or other works for purposes of a public character, or any place where any munitions of war or any sketches, models, plans,
or documents relating thereto, are being made, repaired, or stored otherwise than on behalf of Government, which is for the time being declared by the Central Government,
by notification in the Official Gazette, to be a prohibited place for the purposes of this Act on the ground that information with respect thereto, or the destruction or
obstruction thereof, or interference therewith, would be useful to an enemy, and to which a copy of the notification in respect thereof has been affixed in English and in the
vernacular of the locality;

(9) “sketch” includes any photograph or other mode of representing any place or thing; and

(10) “Superintendent of Police“ includes any police officer of a like or superior rank, and any person upon whom the powers of a Superintendent of Police are for the purposes
of this Act conferred by the Central Government.

3. Penalties for spying. — (1) If any person for any purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State —

(a) approaches, inspects, passes over or is in the vicinity of, or enters, any prohibited place; or

(b) makes any sketch, plan, model, or note which is calculated to be or might be or is intended to be, directly or indictly, useful to an enemy; or

(c) obtains, collects, records or publishes or communicates to any other person any secret official code or pass word, or any sketch, plan, model, article or note or other
document or information which is calculated to be or might be or is intended to be, directly or indirectly, useful to an enemy or which relates to a matter the disclosure of
which is likely to affect the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the State or friendly relations with foreign States;

he shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend, where the offence is committed in relation to any work of defence, arsenal, naval, military or air force
establishment or station, mine, minefield, factory, dockyard, camp, ship or aircraft or otherwise in relation to the naval, military or air force affairs of Government or in
relation to any secret official code, to fourteen years and in other cases to three years.

(2) On a prosecution for an offence punishable under this section, it shall not be necessary to show that the accused person was guilty of any particular act tending to show a
purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State, and, notwithstanding that no such act is proved against him, he may be convicted if, from the circumstances of the
case or his conduct or his known character as proved, it appears that his purpose was a purpose prejudical to the safety or interests of the State, and if any sketch, plan,
model, article, note, document, or information relating to or used in any prohibited place, or relating to collected, recorded, published or communicated by any person other
than a person acting under lawful authority, and from the circumstances of the case or his conduct or his known character as proved it appears that his purpose was a
purpose prejudical to the safety or interests of the State, such sketch, plan, model, article, note, document, information, code or pass word shall be presumed to have been
made, obtained, collected, recorded, published or communicated for a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State.

Comments

Offending material — Possession of — Material prejudicial to national interest — Delay in apprehending accused — Complicity not rendered doubtful. Abdulla Gafur Sumra v.
State of Gujrat. 1994 Cri.L.J. 966 (Guj)

4. Communications with foreign agents to be evidence of commission of certain offences. — (1) In any proceedings against a person for an offence under Section 3, the fact
that he has been in communication with, or attempted to communicate with a foreign agent, whether within or without India shall be relevant for the purpose of proving that
he has, for a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State, obtained or attempted to obtain information which is calculated to be or might be, or is intended to
be, directly, useful to any enemy.

(2) For the purpose of this section, but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, —

(a) a person may be presumed to have been in communication with a foreign agent if —

(i) he has, either within or without India visited the address of a foreign agent or consorted or associated with a foreign agent, or

(ii) either within or without India the name or address of, or any other information regarding, a foreign agent has been found in his possession, or has been obtained by him
from any other person;

(b) the expression “foreign agent” includes any person who is or has been or in respect of whom it appears that there are reasonable grounds for suspecting him of being or
having been employed by a foreign power, either directly or indirectly, for the purpose of committing an act, either within or without India prejudicial to the safety or interests
of the State, or who has or is reasonably suspected or having, either within or without India committed, or attempted to commit, such an act in the interests of a foreign
power;

(c) any address, whether within or without India in respect of which it appears that there are reasonable grounds for suspecting it of being an address used for the receipt of
communications intended for a foreign agent, or any address at which a foreign agent resides, or to which he resort for the purposes of giving or receiving communications,
or at which he carries on any business, may be presumed to be the address of a foreign agent, and communications addressed to such an address to be communications with
a foreign agent.

5. Wrongful communication, etc., of information. — (1) If any person having in his possession or control any secret official code or pass word or any sketch, plan, model,
article, note, document or information which relates to or is used in a prohibited place or relates to anything in such a place, or which is likely to assist, directly or indirectly,
an enemy or which relates to a matter the disclosure of which is likely to affect the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the State or friendly relations with
foreign States or which has been made or obtained in contravention of this Act, or which has been entrusted in confidence to him by any person holding office under
Government, or which he has obtained or to which he has had access owing to his position as a person who holds or has held office under Government, or as a person who
holds or has held a contract made on behalf of the Government, or as a person who is or has been employed under a person who holds or has held such an office or contract
—

(a) wilfully communicates the code or pass word, sketch, plan, model, article, note, document or information to any person other than a person to whom he is authorised to
communicate it or a Court of Justice or a person to whom it is, in the interests of the State, his duty to communicate it; or

(b) uses the information in his possession for the benefit of any foreign power or in any other manner prejudicial to be safety of the State; or

(c) retains the sketch, plan, model, article, note or document in his possession or control when he has no right to retain it, or when it is contrary to his duty to retain it, or
wilfully fails to comply with all directions issued by lawful authority with regard to the return or disposal thereof; or

(d) fails to take reasonable care of, or so conducts himself as to endanger the safety of, the sketch, plan, model, article, note, document, secret official code or pass word or
information;

he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(2) If any person voluntarily receives any secret official code or password or any sketch, plan, model, article, note document or information knowing or having reasonable
ground to believe, at the time when he receives it, that the code, password, sketch, plan, model, article, note, document or information is communicated in contravention of
this Act, he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(3) If any person having in his possession or control any sketch, plan, model, article, note, document or information, which relates to munitions of war, communicates it,
directly or indirectly, to any foreign power or in any other manner prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State, he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(4) A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.

6. Unauthorised use of uniforms; falsification of reports, forgery, personation, and false documents. — (1) If any person for the purpose of gaining admission or of assisting
any other person to gain admission to a prohibited place or for any other purpose prejudicial to the safey of the State —

(a) uses or wears, without lawful authority, any naval, military, air force, police or other official uniform, or any uniform so nearly resembling the same as to be calculated to
deceive, or falsely represents himself to be a person who is or has been entitled to use or wear any such uniform; or

(b) orally, or in writing in any declaration or application, or in any documents signed by him or on his behalf, knowingly makes or connives at the making of any false
statement or any omission; or

(c) forges, alters, or tampers with any passport or any naval, military, air force, police, or official pass, permit, certificate, licence, or other document of a similar character
(hereinafter in this section referred to as an official document) or knowlingly uses or has in his possession any such forged, altered, or irregular official document; or

(d) personates, or falsely represents himself to be, a person holding, or in the employment of a person holding, office under Government, or to be or not to be a person to
whom an official document or secret official code or pass word has been duly issued or communicated, or with intent to obtain an official document, secret official code or pass
word, whether for himself or any other person, knowingly makes any false statement; or

(e) uses, or has in his possession or under his control, without the authority of the department of the Government or the authority concerned, any die, seal or stamp of or
belonging to, or used, made or provided by, any department of the Government, or by any diplomatic, naval, military, or air force authority appointed by or acting under the
authority of Government, or any die, seal or stamp so nearly resembling any such die, seal or stamp as to be calculated to deceive, or counterfeits any such die, seal or
stamp, or knowingly uses, or has in his possession or under his control, any such counterfeited die, seal or stamp.

he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(2) If any person for any purpose prejudicial to the safety of the State —

(a) retains any official document, whether or not completed or issued for use, when he has no right to retain it, or when it is contrary to his duty to retain it, or wilfully fails
to comply with any directions issued by any department of the Government or any person authorised by such department with regard to the return or disposal thereof; or

(b) allows any other person to have possession of any official document issued for his use alone, or communicates any secret official code or pass word so issued, or, without
lawful authority or excuse, has in his possession any official document or secret official code of pass word issued for the use of some person other than himself, or, on
obtaining possession of any official document by finding or otherwise, wilfully fails to restore it to the person or authority by whom or for whose use it was issued, or to a
police officer; or

(c) without lawful authority or excuse, manufactures or sells, or has in his possession for sale, any such die, seal or stamp as aforesaid,

he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(3) A person guilty of an offence under his section shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years or with fine, or with both.

(4) The provisions of sub-section (2) of Section 3 shall apply, for the purpose of proving a purpose prejudicial to the safety of the State, to any prosecution for an offence
under this section relating to the naval, military or air force affairs of Government, or to any secret official code in like manner as they apply, for the purpose of proving a
purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State, to prosecutions for offences punishable under that Section.

7. Interfering with officers of the police or members of the Armed Forces of Union. — (1) No person in the vicinity of any prohibited place shall obstruct, knowingly mislead or
otherwise interfere with or impede, any police officer, or any member of the Armed Forces of the Union enganged on guard, sentry, patrol, or other similar duty in relation to
the prohibited place.

(2) If any person acts in contravention of the provisions of this Section, he shall be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.

8. Duty of giving information as to commission of offences. — (1) It shall be the duty of every person to give on demand to a Superintendent of Police, or other police officer
not below the rank of Inspector, empowered by an Inspector-General or Commissioner of Police in this behalf, or to any member of the Armed Forces of the Union engaged
on guard, sentry, patrol or other similar duty, any information in his power relating to an offence or suspected offence under Section 3 or under Section 3 read with Section 9
and if so required, and upon tender of his reasonable expenses, to attend at such reasonable time and place as may be specified for the purpose of furnishing such
information.

(2) If any person fails to give any such information or to attend as aforesaid, he shall be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to three years or with fine, or with
both.

9. Attempts, incitements, etc. — Any person who attempts to commit or abets the commission of any offence under his Act shall be punishable with the same punishment,
and be liable to be proceeded against in the same manner as if he had committed such offence.

10. Penalty for harbouring spies. — (1) If any person knowingly harbours any person whom he know or has reasonable grounds for supposing to be a person who is about to
commit or who has committed an offence under Section 3 or under Section 3 read with Section 9 or knowingly permits to meet or assembly in any premises in his occupation
or under his control any such person, he shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(2) It shall be the duty of every person having harboured any such person as aforesaid, or permitted to meet or assembly in any permises in his occupation or under his
control any such persons as aforesaid, to give on demand to Superintendent of Police or other police officer not below the rank of Inspector empowered by an Inspector-
General or Commissioner of Police in this behalf, any information in his power relating to any such person or persons, and if any person fails to give any such information, he
shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(3) A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.

11. Search-warrants. — (1) If a Presidency Magistrate, Magistrate of the first class or Sub-Divisonal Magistrate is satisfied by information on oath that there is reasonable
ground for suspecting that an offence under this Act has been or is about to be committed, he may grant a search-warrant authorising any police officer named therein, not
being below the rank of an officer in charge of a police station, to enter at any time any premises or place named in the warrant, if necessary, by force, and to search the
premises or place and every person found therein, and to seize any sketch, plan, model, article, note or document, or anything of a like nature, or anything which is evidence
of an offence under this Act having been or being about to be committed which he may find on the premises or place or any such person, and with regard to or in connection
with which he has reasonable ground for suspecting that an offence under this Act has been or is about to be committed.

(2) Where it appears to a police officer, not being below the rank of Superintendent, that the case is one of great emergency, and that in the interests of the State immediate
action is necessary, he may by a written order under his hand give to any police officer the like authority as may be given by the warrant of a Magistrate under this section.

(3) Where action has been taken by a police officer under sub-section (2) he shall, as soon as may be, report such action, in a presidency town to the Chief Presidency
Magistrate, and out side such town in the District or Sub-Divisional Magistrate.

12. Provisions of Section 337 of Act 5 of 1898 to apply to offences under Sections 3, 5 and 7. — The provisions of Section 337 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 [1]
shall apply in relation to an offence punishable under Section 3 or under Section 5 or under Section 7 or under any of the said sections 3, 5 and 7 read with Section 9, as they
apply in relation to an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years.

13. Restriction on trial of offences. — (1) No Court (other than that of a Magistrate of the first class specially empowered in this behalf by the appropriate Government which is
inferior to that of a District or Presidency Magistrate shall try any offence under this Act.

(2) If any person under trial before a Magistrate for an offence under this Act at any time before a charge is framed claims to be tried by the Court of Session, the Magistrate
shall, if he does not discharge the accused, commit the case for trial by that Court, notwithstanding that it is not a case exclusively triable by that Court.

(3) No Court shall take cognizance of any offence under this Act unless upon complaint made by order of, or under authority from, the appropriate Government or some
officer empowered by the appropriate Government in this behalf.

(4) For the purposes of the trial of a person for an offence under this Act, the officer may be deemed to have been committed either at the place in which the same actually
was committed or at any place in India in which the offender may be found.

(5) In this section, the appropriate Government means —

(a) in relation to any offences under Section 5 not connected with a prohibited place or with a foreign power, the State Government; and

(b) in relation to any other offence, the Central Government.

STATE AMENDMENTS

Gujarat

Same as in Maharasthra

[Bom. Act 23 of 1951]

Maharasthra

(1) In its application to the State of Bombay, in sub-section (1), after tthe word “Government” insert the words “or that of a Presidency Magistrate” and delete the words
“which is inferior to that of a District or Presidency Magistrate”.

[Bom. Act 23 of 1951].

Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh:

(1) For the words `a Magistrate$ substitute the words `Judicial Magistrate$.

(2) For the words `which is inferior to that of a District or Presidency Magistrate$, substitute the words `or that of the Chief Judicial Magistrate$.

[Punjab Act 25 of 1964, Central Act 31 of 1966, and Haryana A.L.O. 1968].

14. Exclusion of public from proceedings. — In addition and without prejudice to any powers which a Court may possess to order the exclusion of the public from any
proceedings if, in the course of proceedings before a Court against any person for an offence under this Act or the proceedings on appeal, or in the course of the trial of a
person under this Act, application is made by the prosecution, on the ground that the publication of any evidence to be given or of any statement to be made in the course of
the proceedings would be prejudicial to the safety of the State, that all or any portion of the public shall be excluded during any part of the hearing, the Court may make an
order to that effect, but the passing of sentence shall in any case take place in public.

15. Offences by companies. — (1) If the person committing an offence under this Act is a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was in charge
of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of business of the company, as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable
to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:

Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to such punishment provided in this Act if he proves that the offence was committed
without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been
committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any negligence on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such
director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

Explanation. — For the purposes of this section, —

(a) “company” means a body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals; and

(b) “director”, in relations to a firm, means a partner in the firm.

16. Repeals. [Rep. by the Repealing Act, 1927 (12 of 1927), Section 2 and Sch.]