Heart lies in the pericardial cavity in the lower portion of the mediastinum. Atrioventricular valves connect the upper atria to the lower ventricles. Pulmonary semilunar valve connects the left ventricle to the Aortic artery.
Heart lies in the pericardial cavity in the lower portion of the mediastinum. Atrioventricular valves connect the upper atria to the lower ventricles. Pulmonary semilunar valve connects the left ventricle to the Aortic artery.
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Heart lies in the pericardial cavity in the lower portion of the mediastinum. Atrioventricular valves connect the upper atria to the lower ventricles. Pulmonary semilunar valve connects the left ventricle to the Aortic artery.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Chapter 11 Heart System of a pump and pathway for blood to travel
Arteries- vessels that carry blood
away from the heart (Arterioles)
Veins- vessels that carry blood to the
heart (Venules)
Capillaries are very small vessels that
connect the two at the microscopic level - Exchange nutrients for waste - Exchange O2 for CO2 Heart lies in the pericardial cavity in the lower portion of the mediastinum.
The inferior portion has a point or tip
called the apex The pericardium consists of two principle portions. 1- fibrous pericardium 2- serous pericardium
Fibrous pericardium: tough and inelastic
- rests on and attaches to diaphragm. - provides protection Serous pericardium: - thinner, delicate, double layered.
- Visceral pericardium: (epicardium)
contacts the surface of the heart
- Parietal pericardium: loose fitting membrane
around heart
- Pericardial space: separates two layers with
pericardial fluid (lubricates membranes) Heart consists of three layers: 1- Endocardium: lines inside of heart and heart valves 2- Myocardium: thick heart muscle. Blood supplied by coronary arteries 3- Epicardium: outer layer Heart has four chambers
Two upper chambers are called atria (sing.
atrium) Right and left
Two lower chambers called ventricles
Right and left Right and left ventricles are separated by a thick walled structure called the Interventricular septum Blood flow between chambers and larger arteries pass through valves Valves that connect the upper atria to the lower ventricles are termed atrioventricular valves. There are two 1- Tricuspid valve. This “3 flapped” valve connects the right atria to the right ventricle 2- Bicuspid valve (mitral): This “2 flapped” valve connect the left atria to the left ventricle Valves that connect the lower ventricles to the larger arteries carrying blood away from the heart are called semilunar valves.
1- Pulmonary semilunar valve: Valve
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery 2- Aortic semilunar valve: Valve located between left ventricle and aorta. Contraction of the heart is systole Relaxation of the heart is called diastole
When the heart beats the atria
contract first and together then the ventricles contract second and together. Auscultation of the heart “Lubb – Dupp” “Lubb”: AV valves closing. “Dupp”: Semilunar valves closing.
1- Pulmonary valve: ribs 2 & 3 on left
2- Aortic valve: ribs 2 & 3 on right 3- Biscuspid valve: ribs 5 & 6 on left mid line of clavicle 4- Tricuspid valve: ribs 5 & 6 on right sternal margin