Professional Documents
Culture Documents
•Suggestion of Materials
Andy Chu
Jake Chan
Elizabeth Cooper
Kalimo Leboela
Environmental Impact
•Air Pollution
•Water Pollution
•Vegetation
•Noise Pollution
•Natural Habitat
•Waste Treatment
•Soil Pollution
•Resources Consumption
•Local Impact
Vegetation
Method of Disinfection
•Chlorine
Alternative
•UV system
Energy Consumption
•Building orientation
•Good use of natural ventilation, avoid the need to have air-conditioning
•Good use of natural light, avoid window glare, lights on all day
•Improve U values and permeability rates
•Consider high efficiency plant
•Use renewable energy
•Good local control for heating and lighting systems
Microclimate Considerations
• Site Location
• Wind
Advice :
•Provide shading at southern face .
•East-to-west orientation is most preferable for
buildings so as to maximize solar gain during
daytime .
•Avoid windows facing EW to avoid low sun
angle ?
Solstice
Wind
Advice :
•Wind can cause thrust and torsion in buildings – design shear walls
•Shape and height of buildings affects the received lateral wind load
Thermal Profile
Ilkley
Environmental Impacts of Concrete
• Portland cement
• Sand
• Crushed stone (Aggregates)
• Water
• Manufactured at 1100 c
Engineering Benefits
Disadvantages
Magnesia Cements
Magnesia Cements
A Few downsides..
•Technology is unproven
Extracting Aggregates
Quarrying
•Air Pollution
- dust setting on surrounding properties, big impact in dry windy areas
- soil handling, drilling and blasting, loading activities, transportation,
crushing and grading, storage of minerals on site
•Blasting
•Landscape Effects
•Archeological sites
•Ecology & Biodiversity
Alternative Aggregates
• Employ modern working practices that comply fully with all UK and European
employment and environmental legislation.
• Recycle all their water for cooling and lubricating the stone cutting machinery.
The site where materials are worked into finished products is close to the
quarries, reducing the amount of transportation required.
• The majority of their packing materials, pallets etc are sourced using recycled
materials to minimise their effect on the environment.
Alternative Aggregates
• Lytag
• Aglite
• Pellite
Lytag
•Add water
Air Pollution
•CO₂ emissions due to coke making and blast furnace operations
Water Pollution
•Contamination due to steel making operations
Noise Pollution
•Machinery
•Layers of timber –
high strength as
minimal defects in
layers
•Versatile material –
curved shapes
•Fire protection
greater than lumber
•Lightweight
•NaturallyResilient –
good for swimming
pool construction
•Good insulation
properties
Main Masonry Suppliers within 20 miles of Ilkley
Dolphin
Crossley Stonecraft
A.D. Walling
Environmental Impact of Masonry Construction
Quarries
•Become land fill sites
•Flora and Fauna grow extinct
•Stone transported many miles, Carbon Footprint
•Infinitely recyclable
•70% goes to landfill sites
Local Impacts
•Water – Use of fresh water to cool machinery
•Noise – Generated by the machines (up to 106dB)
•Oxides of Nitrates – product of burning gas in air
•Dust – Fine materials hard to control
Global Impact
•CO2 Production
Mitigation
Swimming Pool
•Steel Framed Building
•Concrete base
•Glazing for natural light
•Thermal Mass to regulate temperature
Any questions ?