You are on page 1of 8

Chapter 1

Good Places to Live


1PI^MJMMVPMI^QTaQVÆ]MVKMLQV\PM_ZQ\QVOWN \PQ[JWWSJaUaWVOWQVO
M`XMZQMVKMI\4WZL;MTSQZS8IZS4;8I]VQ\X]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\QV
?QVVQXMO¼[TW_QVKWUM6WZ\P-VL?PMV1JMOIV_WZS\PMZMUW[\KWU
U]VQ\a_WZSMZ[WNNMZMLIJTMISI[[M[[UMV\WN XZM^IQTQVOKWVLQ\QWV[IVL1_I[
WZQOQVITTaINNMK\MLJa\PQ[VMOI\Q^MLQ[XW[Q\QWV0W_M^MZ\PMUWZM1JMKIUM
QV^WT^MLI\ 4;8\PMUWZMXW[Q\Q^MTa1PI^MOZW_V\WNMMTIJW]\\PMXTIKM
IVLQ\[ZM[QLMV\[?WZSQVOKTW[MTa_Q\PUIVaXMWXTMQV\PMKWUU]VQ\aIVL
O]QLMLJaKWUU]VQ\aLM^MTWXUMV\XZQVKQXTM[;QT^MZIVL4W`TMaIVL
Ja\PMM`XZM[[MLQV\MZM[\[IVLVMML[WN ZM[QLMV\[WN  4;8I[UITTOZW]XWN 
KWUU]VQ\a_WZSMZ[PI[UIVIOML\WXTIaIXW[Q\Q^MZWTMQV\PMKZMI\QWVWN I
V]UJMZWN QV[\Q\]\QWV[4WZL;MTSQZS8IZSQ[ITZMILaQV[WUM_Ia[ILQNNMZMV\
XTIKM\PIVQ\_I[QVIVLIT\PW]OPUIVaXZWJTMU[[\QTTZMUIQVQ\_QTT
KWV\QV]M\WQUXZW^MI[IXTIKM\WTQ^MI[TWVOI[_MIVL\PMZM[QLMV\[_PW
TQ^M\PMZMIZMIJTM\WKWV\QV]MWV\PMXI\P\PI\_MIZMVW_WV
 <PMKI[MNWZWX\QUQ[U_I[UILMM[XMKQITTaKTMIZ\WUMI\\PM2]VM 
OZIL]I\QWVKMZMUWVaNWZMTM^MVIL]T\TMIZVMZ[I\3IISQaW_4Q5WWVL
4QSMTI5QKPQN VIUMUMIVQVO)TT8MWXTM[¼;KPWWT_PQKPQ[IVIL]T\TMIZV
QVOKMV\ZMWNNMZQVO\PMUI\]ZMOZILM\_MT^MLQXTWUI_PQKP_M[\IZ\MLQV
;MX\MUJMZ  <PM KMZMUWVa \WWS XTIKM QV <]Z\TM 1[TIVL +WUU]VQ\a
+MV\ZMQV\PMPMIZ\WN 4;8_PMZMKTI[[M[IZMPMTL)\_MV\aNW]ZaMIZWTL
)JWZQOQVIT_WUIV_PWPILOZIL]I\ML\PMaMIZJMNWZMIVLPILR][\KWU
XTM\MLPMZÅZ[\aMIZWN XW[\[MKWVLIZaML]KI\QWVI\:ML:Q^MZ+WTTMOM[XWSM
\W\PW[MWN ][I[[MUJTMLNWZ\PMKMTMJZI\QWV;PMLM[KZQJMLLZWXXQVOW]\
WN [KPWWTQVOZILM\MVJMKI][MWN ITKWPWTIVLLZ]OILLQK\QWVIVLZMTI\ML
XZWJTMU[IVL[IQL\PI\[PMPILKWUMJIKS\W3IISQaW_\_WaMIZ[IOW\W
OQ^MML]KI\QWVIVW\PMZ\ZaQVIUWZMKWUU]VQ\aTQSM[M\\QVO5MIZTM+PQMN
WVMWN \PM\_WW]\[\IVLQVO\MIKPMZ[I\3IISQaW_+PZQ[\I.]MZ[\Q[\PMW\PMZ#
+IVLQ*MIZLaQ[\PMMY]ITTaW]\[\IVLQVOIVLIJ[WT]\MTaVMKM[[IZa[]XXWZ\
W]\ZMIKP_WZSMZ\WTLUMIN\MZ\PMKMZMUWVa\PI\_PMV\PQ[aW]VO_WUIV
ÅZ[\KIUM\W3IISQaW_[PM_I[KWUXTM\MTa]VIJTM\W[XMISQVKTI[[[WTIKSQVO
_I[[PMQV[MTNKWVÅLMVKMIVL[MTNM[\MMUAM\[PM[XWSMI\\PMOZIL]I\QWV
KMZMUWVa_Q\POZIKMIVLXWQ[MIVL\WTL][ITTIJW]\PW_3IISQaW_PIL
\ZIV[NWZUMLPMZTQNM2IUM[+WWSWVMWN \PMOZIL]I\M[IVLIaW]VO
OZIVLNI\PMZ_ZW\MQV\PM3IISQaW_aMIZJWWS\PI\PM][ML\WJM[PaIVL¹NMT\
][MTM[[ºNWTTW_QVOaMIZ[WN ¹TQ^QVOWNN KPMIXRWJ[IVLXIZ\aQVOM^MZaW\PMZ

9
Good Places to Live

VQOP\ºJ]\"¹<PI\_I[aMIZ[IOW<WLIa1TQ^MUaTQNMLQNNMZMV\1V[\MIL
WN LZQVSQVO1TW^M\WZMIL4MIZVQVOVM_\PQVO[M^MZaLIa)_M[WUM°5a
VM`\OWITQ[\WJMKWUMI;WKQIT?WZSMZº)TWVO\QUMZM[QLMV\WN 4;8\WTLUM
NWTTW_QVO\PMKMZMUWVa\PI\PMZLI]OP\MZ_PWIT[WOZIL]I\ML\PI\LIaPIL
JMMVLMMXTaLMXZM[[MLIVL^QZ\]ITTa]VIJTM\WTMI^M\PMQZPWUMJMNWZM[\IZ\QVO
I\3IISQaW_\PZMMaMIZ[JMNWZM6W_[PMQ[IOZILM\_MT^MOZIL]I\MXTIVVQVO
IKIZMMZI[IKPQTLKIZM_WZSMZIVL_MPWXM\WPQZMPMZ¸KWV[Q[\MV\_Q\P
W]ZTWKITPQZQVO[\ZI\MOa¸QV\PMKPQTLKIZMNIUQTaZM[W]ZKMKMV\ZM_PQKP
Q[IVW\PMZWN W]ZXZWRMK\[JMKI][MZM[QLMV\[PI^M\WTL][\PI\\PQ[Q[_PI\
\PMaVMML<PMKMV\ZMQ[[KPML]TML\WWXMVQV;MX\MUJMZKZMI\QVO
\_MV\aNW]ZTWKITRWJ[IVLQVKZMI[MLWXXWZ\]VQ\QM[NWZXIZMV\[\WMIZV\PMQZ
OZILM\_MT^M
 ?PMV\PMXZW^QVKQITUQVQ[\MZNWZ0W][QVOIVL+WUU]VQ\a,M^MTWXUMV\
^Q[Q\ML4WZL;MTSQZS8IZSIVL3IISQaW_I\W]ZQV^Q\I\QWVQVMIZTa.MJZ]IZa
M^MZa[\]LMV\QVI\\MVLIVKM[\WWLWVMIN\MZ\PMW\PMZIVL_Q\PW]\
XZWUX\QVO\W\MTTPMZ\PI\\PMaPILM`XMZQMVKMLIOZMI\UIVaXZWJTMU[I[
[WKQI\ML_Q\PXW^MZ\aIVLZIKQ[UIVL\PM^MZaLIUIOQVOMNNMK\[WN KWTWVQbI
\QWVIVLI\\QUM[\PMaNMT\PWXMTM[[IJW]\\PMQZN]\]ZM[J]\\PI\3IISQaW_
_I[\ZIV[NWZUQVO\PMQZTQ^M[
 5IVa TQ^M[ IZM JMQVO \ZIV[NWZUML I\ 4WZL ;MTSQZS 8IZS 0W][QVO
,M^MTWXUMV\[#\PMKWUU]VQ\a\WWQ[JMQVO\ZIV[NWZUML7XXWZ\]VQ\QM[\IQ
TWZML\W\PMXIZ\QK]TIZKQZK]U[\IVKM[WN ZM[QLMV\[WN 4;8IZMJMQVOKZMI\MLNWZ
XMWXTM\WLM^MTWX\PMQZQVLQ^QL]ITKIXIKQ\QM[IVL\PMQZKWUU]VQ\aQV_Ia[WN 
\PMQZIVL\PMQZKWUU]VQ\a¼[KPWW[QVO5IVaIZM[MQbQVO\PM[MWXXWZ\]VQ\QM[
<PMUWWLQV\PM,M^MTWXUMV\[I[4;8Q[KITTMLJa\PW[MQV\PM6WZ\P-VL
Q[JMKWUQVOVW\QKMIJTaUWZMXW[Q\Q^MIVLZM[QLMV\[IZMOZIL]ITTa[\MXXQVO
NWZ_IZL\W[Ia\PI\\PMa\WW_IV\\WJMQV^WT^ML_Q\P\PMUIVaOWWL\PQVO[
OWQVOWV\PMZM

Poverty and Public Housing


<PQ[JWWSQ[IJW]\]ZJIVXW^MZ\aIVLTIZOMQVVMZKQ\aX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[
<PM\_W][]ITTaOW\WOM\PMZ¸J]\\PMaVMMLVW\8]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[KIV
JMOWWLXTIKM[\WTQ^M\PMVMOI\Q^MQUIOMVW\_Q\P[\IVLQVO8W^MZ\aQ[[WT^ML
VW\JaZIbQVOX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[I[PI[JMMV\PMXZIK\QKM\PZW]OPW]\
6WZ\P)UMZQKIL]ZQVO\PMXI[\\_WLMKILM[J]\ZI\PMZJaZMJ]QTLQVOX]JTQK
PW][QVOKWUU]VQ\QM[NZWU_Q\PQV
 8]JTQKPW][QVOIVLQ\[ZM[QLMV\[IZM[\QOUI\QbMLIVL[\MZMW\aXMLQV_Ia[
\PI\WJ[K]ZMUWZM\PIV\PMaZM^MITIVL\PI\NMMLQV\WITWVO[\IVLQVO\PMUM
QV\PM[\]LaWN ]ZJIVXW^MZ\a\PI\XTIKM[\PMJTIUMNWZ\PMQZWN\MVLQNÅK]T\
KQZK]U[\IVKM[WVX]JTQKPW][QVOZM[QLMV\[\PMU[MT^M[QLMV\QNaQVO\PMQZJM
PI^QW]ZIVL\PMQZK]T\]ZITI\\ZQJ]\M[I[\PMXZQUIZa[W]ZKM[WN \PMQZXW^MZ\a
<PMLM[QOVWN TIZOM]ZJIVX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[PI[IT[WJMKWUMIXWX]TIZ

10
Good Places to Live

XIZ\WN \PMM`XTIVI\QWVNWZX]JTQKPW][QVO_WM[?PQTMLM[QOVQ[IVQ[[]MIVL
_PQTMX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[IZMPWUM\WUWZM\PIV\PMQZ[PIZMWN LM[\Z]K
\Q^MIVLQTTMOITJMPI^QW]Z\PMXZWJTMU[\aXQKITTaI[[WKQI\ML_Q\PQVVMZKQ\a
X]JTQKPW][QVO IZMJM\\MZM`XTIQVMLJa IKWUJQVI\QWVWN [WKQWMKWVWUQK
IVLPQ[\WZQKITNIK\WZ[<PM[MQVKT]LM\PMPWTTW_QVOW]\WN QVVMZKQ\QM[L]M
\WXW[\;MKWVL?WZTL?IZ[]J]ZJIVQbI\QWV#\PMLMQVL][\ZQITQbI\QWVI[[WKQ
I\ML_Q\PIVQVKZMI[QVOTaOTWJITQbMLMKWVWUa_PQKPPI[KZMI\MLITIJW]Z
UIZSM\XIZ\QK]TIZTaLQ[IL^IV\IOMW][\WTW_QVKWUMXMWXTM#\PMQVIJQTQ\aWN 
\PMXZQ^I\MNWZXZWÅ\PW][QVOQVL][\Za\WUMM\+IVILI¼[TWVO[\IVLQVOVMML
NWZTW_QVKWUMZMV\ITPW][QVO#\PMIJ[MVKMWN IVI\QWVITPW][QVO[\ZI\MOa#
\PMKWV\QV]MLXW_MZWN ZIKQ[UIVLQV\PMKI[MWN )JWZQOQVITXMWXTMWN 
KWTWVQbI\QWV#IVL\PMNIQT]ZMWN OW^MZVUMV\[KWV[Q[\MV\_Q\P\PMVMWTQJMZIT
Q[UWN \PMXI[\\PQZ\aaMIZ[\WQV^M[\QVIUMIVQVON]TIV\QXW^MZ\a[\ZI\MOa
IVLUWZMOMVMZITTa\PMQZNIQT]ZM\WQV^M[\QVQVQ\QI\Q^M[\PI\XZWUW\MMY]ITQ\a
ZI\PMZ\PIVM^MZQVKZMI[QVOQVMY]ITQ\a1V[WUMKI[M[<WZWV\W¼[:MOMV\8IZS
NWZM`IUXTM\PMVMWTQJMZITNIQT]ZM\WQV^M[\PI[TML\W\PMXPa[QKITLM\MZQWZI
\QWVWN ^IT]IJTMX]JTQKPW][QVO1VUIVaKI[M[VMWTQJMZITQLMI[IJW]\\PM
ZMLM^MTWXUMV\WN LM\MZQWZI\MLLW_V\W_V[PI^MXTIKMLVMIZJaX]JTQKPW][QVO
XZWRMK\[I\ZQ[SJMKI][MPQOPMZQVKWUMXMWXTM_IV\\PMQVKZMI[QVOTa^IT]IJTM
TIVLWV_PQKP\PMX]JTQKPW][QVOIVLQ\[TW_QVKWUMZM[QLMV\[IZMTWKI\ML

Four Public Housing Projects


1V\PQ[JWWS1M`IUQVMNW]ZQVVMZKQ\aX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\["4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV
0W][QVOQV>IVKW]^MZ#:MOMV\8IZSQV<WZWV\W#=VQIKSM;Y]IZMQV0ITQNI`#
IVL4WZL;MTSQZS8IZSQV?QVVQXMO
 4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV_I[J]TTLWbMLQV!IVL<PMZM[QLMV\[_PW
QV[Q[\\PI\4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV_I[I_WVLMZN]TXTIKM\WTQ^MIVL\WZIQ[MINIU
QTa PI^M JMMV [KI\\MZML <PM JMI]\QN]T TWKI\QWV WV _PQKP Q\ _I[ J]QT\ TQM[
^IKIV\_PQTM\MV[WN \PW][IVL[QV>IVKW]^MZIZMQVVMMLWN OWWLY]ITQ\a
TW_QVKWUMZMV\ITPW][QVOWN \PMSQVL\PI\4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVXZW^QLMLAM\\PM
KI[MWN 4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVQ[QUXWZ\IV\JMKI][MQ\XZW^QLM[MUXQZQKITM^QLMVKM
\PI\X]JTQKPW][QVOKIVJMIOWWLXTIKM\WTQ^M
 :MOMV\8IZSQV<WZWV\WQ[QV\PMUQL[\WN IUI[[Q^MÅN\MMVaMIZWZTWV
OMZZMLM^MTWXUMV\\PI\_QTT[MMMIKPWN Q\[ ]VQ\[WN []J[QLQbMLPW][QVO
J]TTLWbMLIVL\PMTWKI\QWVZM^IUXMLI[IUQ`MLQVKWUMKWUU]VQ\a_PQKP
_QTT]XWVKWUXTM\QWVPI^MKW[\IK]ZZMV\TaM[\QUI\ML JQTTQWV,M[XQ\M
\PQ[UI[[Q^MKW[\\PMZMLM^MTWXUMV\_QTTXZWL]KMVWVM\OIQV_PI\M^MZQV
\PMV]UJMZWN []J[QLQbMLPW][QVO]VQ\[IVLQVNIK\\PMZM_QTTJMIVM\TW[[
WN []KP]VQ\[WV\PM:MOMV\8IZSNWW\XZQV\I\I\QUM_PMV\PMZMIZMTWVO
_IQ\TQ[\[NWZ[]J[QLQbMLPW][QVOQV<WZWV\W<PMZMLM^MTWXUMV\_QTTLQ[XTIKM
UIVaTWVO\MZUZM[QLMV\[_PWKWV[QLMZ:MOMV\8IZS\WJMPWUM_PWNMMTI
[\ZWVO[MV[MWN KWUU]VQ\aQV:MOMV\8IZSIVL_PW_IV\\W[\Ia<PMIZMI

11
Good Places to Live

I\_MV\aUQV]\M_ITSNZWU\PM-I\WV+MV\ZMQVLW_V\W_V<WZWV\W_QTT
TWWSJM\\MZIVL_QTTWNNMZIVI\\ZIK\Q^MLW_V\W_VTWKI\QWVNWZ\PW[M_PWKIV
INNWZL\PMVM_KWVLW[J]\UIVaTW_QVKWUMXMWXTM_QTTPI^MJMMVUW^ML
W]\
 =VQIKSM;Y]IZMQ[TWKI\MLQVIOZIL]ITTaOMV\ZQNaQVO6WZ\P-VLVMQOP
JW]ZPWWLTWKI\MLI\MVUQV]\M_ITSNZWULW_V\W_V0ITQNI`1\NIKM[\PMZQ[S
\PI\Q\[NI\MIVL\PI\WN Q\[TW_QVKWUMZM[QLMV\[_QTTJM[QUQTIZ\W\PI\WN \PM
ZM[QLMV\[WN 4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVIVL:MOMV\8IZS<PMTIVLWV_PQKP=VQIKSM
;Y]IZM[Q\[UIa[WWVJMKWUM^IT]IJTMIVL\PI\\aXQKITTaUMIV[\ZW]JTMNWZ
TW_QVKWUM ZM[QLMV\[ )Va I\\MUX\ \W XZQ^I\QbM \PM X]JTQK PW][QVO ]VQ\[
IVQLMINZMY]MV\TaÆWI\MLQVZMKMV\aMIZ[_PQKP[WUMKWV[QLMZI[WT]\QWV
\W\PMXZWJTMU[I[[WKQI\ML_Q\P=VQIKSM;Y]IZMQ[TQSMTa\WNIKMKWVKMZ\ML
WXXW[Q\QWVNZWUZM[QLMV\[<PMa[Ia\PI\\PMQZ[Q[I\QOP\TaSVQ\KWUU]VQ\a
QV_PQKPM^MZaWVMSVW_[M^MZaWVMMT[MIVL_PMZMLM[XQ\M\PM[\QOUIIVL
[\MZMW\aXM[\PMa_IV\\W[\Ia
 1V ?QVVQXMO¼[ 4WZL ;MTSQZS 8IZS I LQNNMZMV\ IXXZWIKP Q[ ]VLMZ_Ia
;PMT\MZML NZWU \PM \PZMI\ WN  \PM J]TTLWbMZ IVL WN  ZMLM^MTWXUMV\ QV \PM
QV\MZM[\[WN PQOPMZQVKWUMXMWXTMJaQ\[TWKI\QWVQV?QVVQXMO¼[^MZaTW_
QVKWUM6WZ\P-VLNIZNZWUILW_V\W_V\PI\PI[JMMVTIZOMTa]V[]KKM[[N]T
QVQ\[ZM^Q\ITQbI\QWVMNNWZ\[\WLI\MQ\Q[QV\PMMIZTa[\IOM[WN \PM:MJ]QTLQVO
NZWU?Q\PQV[\ZI\MOa_PQKPPWTL[W]\[QOVQÅKIV\XZWUQ[MNWZQ\[TW_QVKWUM
ZM[QLMV\[IVLUIaaQMTLQV[QOP\QV\WIV\QXW^MZ\aMNNWZ\[MT[M_PMZM
 <W^IZaQVOLMOZMM[\PMNW]ZX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[M`IUQVMLQV\PQ[
JWWSM`PQJQ\ITTWN \PMKPIZIK\MZQ[\QK[WN [XI\QITTaKWVKMV\ZI\MLZIKQITQbML
XW^MZ\a)[[PW_VQV<IJTMTIJW]ZNWZKMXIZ\QKQXI\QWVZI\M[TM^MT[WN 
NWZUITML]KI\QWVIVLUMLQIVQVKWUM[IZMTW_QVMIKPXZWRMK\_PQTMZI\M[
WN ]VMUXTWaUMV\XZWXWZ\QWV[WN [QVOTMXIZMV\NIUQTQM[IVL\PMQVKQLMVKM
WN XW^MZ\aI[UMI[]ZMLJaQVKWUM[JMTW_\PM;\I\Q[\QK[+IVILI4W_1VKWUM
+]\7NN[41+7[IZMPQOP+MV[][+IVILILI\INWZ[PW_\PI\QV=VQIKSM
;Y]IZMQV0ITQNI`R][\]VLMZPITN WN \PMZM[QLMV\[IZMWN )NZQKIV+IVILQIV
LM[KMV\#QV?QVVQXMO¼[4WZL;MTSQZS8IZSIJW]\\_W\PQZL[WN ZM[QLMV\[IZM
)JWZQOQVIT#QV:MOMV\8IZS[WUMMQOP\aÅ^MLQNNMZMV\TIVO]IOM[IZM[XWSMV#
IVLQV4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV\_W\PQZL[WN ZM[QLMV\[_MZMWN )NZQKIVWZ)[QIV
LM[KMV\
 <PM[M PQOP TM^MT[ WN  ZIKQITQbML XW^MZ\a VW\_Q\P[\IVLQVO \PM XZWKM[[
]VLMZ_IaI\4;8IVL\PMTWVO\MZU[]KKM[[WN >IVKW]^MZ¼[4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV
0W][QVOIZMM^QLMVKM\PI\¸KWV\ZIZa\WXWX]TIZWXQVQWVIVLKWV\ZIZa\W
\PM[\QOUIIVL[\MZMW\aXM[\PI\N]MT\PI\WXQVQWV¸QVVMZKQ\aX]JTQKPW][QVO
XZWRMK\[KIVJMOWWLXTIKM[\WTQ^M-IKPWN \PMNW]ZKI[M[XZW^QLM[M^QLMVKM
WN I[\ZWVO[MV[MWN KWUU]VQ\a<PI\[WUIVaTIZOMQVVMZKQ\aX]JTQKPW][QVO
XZWRMK\[PI^MJMMVJ]TTLWbMLQ[IN]VK\QWVTM[[WN \PMÆI_[WN X]JTQKPW][QVO
IVLUWZMWN \PMLM[QZIJQTQ\aWN \PMTIVL\W\PW[MWN PQOPMZQVKWUM[XT][\PM

12
Good Places to Live

Table 1-1 Selected Indicators, Four Public Housing Projects, 2006


1VLQKI\WZ 4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV 4WZL;MTSQZS8IZS :MOMV\8IZS =VQIKSM;Y]IZM
;QVOTMXIZMV\NIUQTQM[    
4M[[\PIVPQOP[KPWWT     

)L]T\]VMUXTWaUMV\    ! 
ZI\M
)L]T\TIJW]ZNWZKMXIZ  ! !  
\QKQXI\QWV
.MUITMTIJW]ZNWZKM     
XIZ\QKQXI\QWV
AW]\PTIJW]ZNWZKMXIZ   ! 
\QKQXI\QWV·
5MLQIVPW][MPWTL   !  
QVKWUM
JMTW_41+7   ! 

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Canada

_QTTQVOVM[[WN VMWTQJMZITOW^MZVUMV\[\WLQ[XTIKM\PMXWWZQV\PMQV\MZM[\[
WN \PMUWZM_MTT\WLW<PQ[LQ[XTIKMUMV\Q[UILM\PMUWZMXWQOVIV\Ja
\PM[M^MZM[PWZ\IOMIKZW[[\PMKW]V\ZaWN TW_QVKWUMZMV\ITPW][QVO<PM
IT\MZVI\Q^M\W\PMJ]TTLWbMZQ[\PMTWVO[TW_OZI[[ZWW\[XZWKM[[WN KWUU]VQ\a
LM^MTWXUMV\JMQVO]VLMZ\ISMVI\4WZL;MTSQZS8IZS
 <PMZMIZMTQUQ\[\W\PQ[OZI[[ZWW\[IXXZWIKPJ]\Q\Q[\PMVMKM[[IZaJ]\
VW\ []NÅKQMV\ KWVLQ\QWV NWZ \PM \ZIV[NWZUI\QWV WN  X]JTQK PW][QVO QV _Ia[
WN ZM[QLMV\[¼KPWW[QVO<PMTQUQ\[PI^M\WLW_Q\P\PMNIQT]ZMWN VMWTQJMZIT
OW^MZVUMV\[\W][M\PMITTQUXWZ\IV\\WWTWN X]JTQKQV^M[\UMV\\W\PMM`\MV\
\PI\Q[VMKM[[IZa\W[WT^M\PMKWUXTM`XZWJTMU[WN [XI\QITTaKWVKMV\ZI\ML
ZIKQITQbMLXW^MZ\a*]QTLQVOWV\PM[\ZMVO\P[WN TW_QVKWUMX]JTQKPW][QVO
XZWRMK\[¸\PM[\ZWVO[MV[MWN KWUU]VQ\a\PMOWWLY]ITQ\aWN \PMZMV\IT
PW][QVOQV\PW[MKI[M[_PMVQ\PI[VW\JMMVLMTQJMZI\MTaITTW_ML\WXPa[QKITTa
LM\MZQWZI\M\PMUIVa[\ZWVOIVLPMIT\PaQVLQ^QL]IT[IVLNIUQTQM[_PWTQ^M
\PMZMNWZM`IUXTM¸Q[\PMKWVKMX\]ITIVLXZIK\QKIT[\IZ\QVOXWQV\*]\\PM
XZWKM[[_QTTJM[\ITTMLI\IVMIZTa[\IOMQV\PMIJ[MVKMWN UMIVQVON]TX]JTQK
QV^M[\UMV\QV\PW[MQV[\Q\]\QWV[¸ZM[W]ZKMKMV\ZM[IL]T\ML]KI\QWVNIKQTQ\QM[
KPQTLKIZMKMV\ZM[NWZM`IUXTM¸\PI\ZM[QLMV\[QLMV\QNaI[JMQVO_PI\\PMa
VMML\W\ZIV[NWZU\PMQZTQ^M[IVL\PMQZKWUU]VQ\QM[QV_Ia[WN \PMQZKPWW[QVO
8]JTQKQV^M[\UMV\WV\PM[KITM\PI\Q[VMKM[[IZaPW_M^MZQ[LQZMK\TaKW]V\MZ
\W\PMQLMWTWOQKIT\MUXMZWN \PM\QUM[_PQKPTMIL[OW^MZVUMV\[\WLQ[QV^M[\
ZI\PMZ\PIV\WQV^M[\I\\PMTW_MZMVLWN \PMQVKWUM[KITM
 ?PI\\PQ[JWWS[PW_[Q[\PI\TIZOMQVVMZKQ\aX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[

13
Good Places to Live

PI^MUIVaUWZM[\ZMVO\P[\PIVUW[\XMWXTM\PQVSIVL\PI\ZI\PMZ\PIVJMQVO
\WZVLW_VQV\PMQV\MZM[\[WN PQOPMZQVKWUMXMWXTM_PMVTW_QVKWUMZMV\IT
PW][QVOQ[ITZMILaQV[PWZ\[]XXTa\PMa[PW]TLIVLKIVJMZMJ]QT\NZWU_Q\PQV
][QVOIVI[[M\JI[MLIVLZM[QLMV\LZQ^MVNWZUWN KWUU]VQ\aLM^MTWXUMV\
[]XXWZ\MLJaUMIVQVON]TX]JTQKQV^M[\UMV\?MITTXWWZXMWXTMM[XMKQITTa
VMMLOWWLXTIKM[\WTQ^M¸XTIKM[_PMZM_MKIVTQ^MQV[INM\aIVLLQOVQ\a
IVL_PMZM_MPI^M\PMWXXWZ\]VQ\QM[IVL[]XXWZ\[VMMLML\WJ]QTLPMIT\Pa
TQ^M[IVLKWUU]VQ\QM[8]JTQKPW][QVOKIVUMM\\PI\VMML

Appendix: Methodology
1VILLQ\QWV\WM`IUQVQVOPQ[\WZQKITIVLKWV\MUXWZIZaLWK]UMV\IZaZMKWZL[
IVL\PMZQKPJWLaWN _WZSWV]ZJIVQ[[]M[IVLM[XMKQITTa]ZJIVVMWTQJMZITQ[U
1PI^MZMTQMLPMI^QTaWVQV\MZ^QM_LI\I¸XIZ\QK]TIZTaWXMVMVLMLQV\MZ^QM_[
\W TMIZV _PI\ ZM[XWVLMV\[ \PMU[MT^M[ KWV[QLMZML \W JM [QOVQÅKIV\ ¸ NWZ
4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV:MOMV\8IZSIVL=VQIKSM;Y]IZMIVLQV\MZ^QM_LI\IXT][
XIZ\QKQXIV\WJ[MZ^I\QWVNWZ?QVVQXMO¼[4WZL;MTSQZS8IZS<PM=VQ^MZ[Q\aWN 
?QVVQXMO;MVI\M-\PQK[+WUUQ\\MMIXXZW^MLITTQV\MZ^QM_[
 1 JMKIUM QV^WT^ML QV \PM I\\MUX\ \W ]VLMZ[\IVL X]JTQK PW][QVO IVL
\PMXW^MZ\a\aXQKITTaI[[WKQI\ML_Q\PX]JTQKPW][QVOQV_PMV6IVM\\M
5K3Ia \PMV M`MK]\Q^M LQZMK\WZ WN  \PM 6WZ\P -VL +WUU]VQ\a :MVM_IT
+WZXWZI\QWV6-+:+QV^Q\MLUMJMKI][MWN UaQV^WT^MUMV\QV?QVVQXMO
QVVMZKQ\a Q[[]M[ \W _ZQ\M I PQ[\WZa WN  4WZL ;MTSQZS 8IZS 4;8 J]QT\ QV
?QVVQXMO¼[6WZ\P-VLQV!I[XIZ\WN ]ZJIVZMVM_ITPI[JMMVXTIO]ML
NWZaMIZ[Ja\PMSQVL[WN XZWJTMU[\aXQKITTaI[[WKQI\MLQV\PMX]JTQKQUIOQVI
\QWV_Q\P[XI\QITTaKWVKMV\ZI\MLZIKQITQbMLXW^MZ\a1_ZW\MIPQ[\WZaWN 4;8
NWZ6-+:+IVLPI^MZMUIQVMLIK\Q^MTaQV^WT^ML[QVKM\PMV_WZSQVOKTW[MTa
QVI^WT]V\IZaKIXIKQ\a_Q\PI^IZQM\aWN KWUU]VQ\a_WZSMZ[IVLZM[QLMV\[
WV\PM:MJ]QTLQVONZWU?Q\PQV[\ZI\MOa1PI^M_ZQ\\MVIJW]\XIZ\[WN \PQ[
XZWKM[[QV\PZMM[MXIZI\MMLQ\QWV[WN ?QVVQXMO¼[IVV]IT;\I\MWN \PM1VVMZ+Q\a
:MXWZ\++8)5J!IVLQVIXIXMZWV)JWZQOQVIT_WUMV
QV4;8;QT^MZ!IIVLPI^MKWV\ZQJ]\ML\W\PM_ZQ\QVOWN UIVaQV\MZVIT
LWK]UMV\[I[[WKQI\ML_Q\PW]ZMNNWZ\[1VILLQ\QWV\WUaXIZ\QKQXIV\WJ[MZ
^I\QWV1PI^MJMMVQV^WT^MLQVKWUUQ[[QWVQVOQV\MZ^QM_[WN ^IZQW][SQVL[
_Q\P4;8ZM[QLMV\[W^MZ\PM[MaMIZ[#QVM^MZaKI[M\PMQV\MZ^QM_QVOPI[JMMV
LWVMMQ\PMZJaZM[QLMV\[WZJa)JWZQOQVITXMWXTM_PWPI^MXZM^QW][TaTQ^ML
QVWZVMIZ 4;8<PM[MQV\MZ^QM_MZ[_MZM+IVLQ*MIZLa-TQbIJM\P*QVO][
8IU 0W\WUIVQ +TI]LM\\M5QKPMTT 2MVVQNMZ ;MI\WV IVL 2ISM ?IZS _Q\P
\PM[]XXWZ\IVLI[[Q[\IVKMWN ,QIVM*IZZWV2IVQKM/WWLUIV+PMaMVVM
0MVZaIVL+IZWTaVAW]VO
 -IZTaQV\PMXZWKM[[WN I\\MUX\QVO\W]VLMZ[\IVL\PMKI[MWN 4;81^Q[Q\ML
<WZWV\W¼[:MOMV\8IZS+IVILI¼[WTLM[\TIZOM[\IVLIZO]IJTaUW[\NIUW][
IVLUW[\[\]LQMLX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\<PQ[_I[\PMÅZ[\WN Å^MZM[MIZKP

14
Good Places to Live

\ZQX[\W:MOMV\8IZSL]ZQVO\PMÅZ[\\PZMMWN _PQKP1QV\MZ^QM_MLI_QLM
ZIVOMWN KWUU]VQ\a_WZSMZ[IVLX]JTQKWNÅKQIT[LQZMK\TaQV^WT^MLQV:MOMV\
8IZS¼[UI[[Q^MZMLM^MTWXUMV\,]ZQVOUaTI[\\_W\ZQX[QV!IVL1
KWVL]K\MLZMTI\Q^MTa[PWZ\QV\MZ^QM_[_Q\P[M^MV\aZM[QLMV\[¸_WUMVIVL
UMVaW]VOMZIVLWTLMZZMXZM[MV\QVOUIVaWN \PMM\PVQKOZW]X[VW_TQ^QVO
QV:MOMV\8IZS¸IQUMLI\OIQVQVOIV]VLMZ[\IVLQVOWN \PMQZZM[XWV[M[\W
IVLM^IT]I\QWV[WN \PMZMLM^MTWXUMV\XZWKM[[
 1V1_I[QV^Q\ML\WJMIO]M[\[XMISMZI\IKWVNMZMVKMWZOIVQbMLJa
\PM=VQIKSM;Y]IZM<MVIV\[¼)[[WKQI\QWVQV6WZ\P-VL0ITQNI`1UM\UIVa
SVW_TMLOMIJTMXMWXTMQVKT]LQVOZM[QLMV\[KWUU]VQ\a_WZSMZ[IVLX]JTQK
WNÅKQIT[IVLLMKQLML\WQVKT]LM=VQIKSM;Y]IZMQVIKWUXIZI\Q^M[\]LaWN 
+IVILQIVX]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\[1UILM\PZMM[]J[MY]MV\ZM[MIZKP\ZQX[\W
0ITQNI`,]ZQVOUaTI[\\ZQXQV5Ia1PQZML,WVVI6MTTQOIVITWVO
\QUMZM[QLMV\XIZMV\IVLIK\Q^Q[\QV\PI\X]JTQKPW][QVOXZWRMK\_Q\P_PWU
1PIL[XWSMVWVMIKPXZM^QW][\ZQX\WKWVL]K\QVLMX\PQV\MZ^QM_[_Q\P\MV
ZM[QLMV\[WN ¹\PM;Y]IZMºQVKT]LQVO_WUMVIVLUMVaW]VOMZIVLWTLMZ
)NZQKIV+IVILQIVIVLVW\)NZQKIV+IVILQIV
 5MIV_PQTM5I\\PM_:WOMZ[UaZM[MIZKPI[[Q[\IV\WVI[XMK\[WN MIKP
WN  4WZL ;MTSQZS 8IZS :MOMV\ 8IZS IVL =VQIKSM ;Y]IZM OZIL]I\ML NZWU
\PM=VQ^MZ[Q\aWN ?QVVQXMOIVLTMN\NWZ>IVKW]^MZ\WLWIUI[\MZ¼[LMOZMM
QVKWUU]VQ\aIVLZMOQWVITXTIVVQVOI\ =*+0M[]OOM[\ML\PI\1QVKT]LM
>IVKW]^MZ¼[4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV0W][QVOQVUaKWUXIZI\Q^M[\]La5I\\_ZW\M
PQ[UI[\MZ¼[\PM[Q[WV4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVIVLKWV\QV]ML_WZSI[UaZM[MIZKP
I[[Q[\IV\KWVL]K\QVO\_MV\aQVLMX\PQV\MZ^QM_[\MVWN _PQKP_MZM_Q\PK]Z
ZMV\IVLNWZUMZ4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVZM[QLMV\[IVL\MV_Q\PX]JTQKWNÅKQIT[IVL
KWUU]VQ\aIK\Q^Q[\[TQ^QVOQVIVMQOPJW]ZPWWLILRWQVQVO4Q\\TM5W]V\IQV1
UILMWVMZM[MIZKP\ZQX\W4Q\\TM5W]V\IQVQV)XZQTIVLQV\MZ^QM_ML
IV]UJMZWN \PMX]JTQKWNÅKQIT[IVLZM[QLMV\[\PI\5I\\PILQV\MZ^QM_ML

15

You might also like