SCIENCE 4

Lourdes School of Mandaluyong

3rd Trimester Exam Reviewer (Answer Key)

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Choose your answers from the ones listed in
the box.

humus mass movement agronomist

geologist sand contour plowing
weathering landslide soil conservation
bedrock reforestation clay
glacier loam erosion

1. A geologist is a scientist who studies the earth’s origin, its structure, and its
composition.
2. An agronomist is a scientist who studies the soil and looks at how human activities
change the soil.
3. Humus is made up of rotting plant parts and animal remains. It is necessary for
plant growth.
4. The bedrock underneath the subsoil layer is made up of boulders.
5. Loam is a great soil for gardening because it’s fertile and well drained, yet holds
enough moisture for sustained plant growth.
6. Sand is made up of coarse, large soil particles which are usually found on
beaches or near seashores.
7. Clay is made of very small, sticky soil particles and is used in making pots.
8. Rocks break down into small pieces and finally into soil. This slow process which
takes a very long time is called weathering.
9. The carrying of small pieces of broken rocks from one place to another is known
as erosion.
10. A landslide is a generic term used to describe any slow or rapid movement of
any type or mass of materials such as the slide of a whole mountainside.
11. A glacier is a mass of ice on land that moves under its own weight.
12. Erosion caused by gravity acting directly is called mass movement.
13. Soil conversion is any method used to prevent or slow down soil erosion.
14. Contour plowing is a process done by farmers in making furrows to keep water
from falling down the slopes and lessen soil erosion.
15. Reforestation, or the replanting of trees, must be carried out in order to save
forests.

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Encircle the letter of your answer.

1. It is the day-to-day condition of the atmosphere

a. air pressure c. weather
b. humidity d. temperature

2. It is the hotness and coldness of air that continuously changes from time to time.
a. precipitation c. weather
b. temperature a. storm

3. When it is low, we can expect a weather disturbance.

a. air pressure c. weather
b. sea breeze a. land breeze

4. It is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.

a. hydrologic cycle c. evaporation
b. humidity a. temperature

5. These clouds are puffy in appearance; they look like large cotton balls.
a. stratus clouds c. cumulus clouds
b. nimbus clouds a. cirrus clouds

6. They are rain clouds characterized by a uniform grayness.

a. stratus clouds c. cumulus clouds
b. nimbus clouds a. cirrus clouds

7. These clouds are very wispy and feathery-looking; they are so thin that sunlight
can pass right through them.
a. stratus clouds c. cumulus clouds
b. nimbus clouds a. cirrus clouds

8. A scientist who can predict weather by using different kinds of instruments to

collect data.
a. weather forecaster c. geologist
b. meteorologist d. anthropologist

9. It is a report that tells what an area’s weather will be during a certain period of
time.
a. weather forecast c. weather changes
b. weather prediction d. weather analysis

10. It is a mixture of smoke and fog that occurs in polluted areas.

a. clouds c. hail
b. sleet d. smog

11. It is any form of moisture that falls on earth.

a. Evaporation c. Condensation
b. Precipitation d. Rain

12. It is the government agency responsible for giving the official weather report.
a. DOST c. PAGASA
b. NDCC d. NASA

13. It is a local storm that happens over several square kilometers.

a. thunder c. typhoon
b. eye a. thunderstorm

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 14. It is first formed somewhere in the ocean near the equator where air is very warm
and moist. It is known as “hurricane” in the US.
a. thunderstorms c. typhoons
b. lightning a. rainfall

15. It is the exact center of the storm; an area of total calm.

a. eye c. atmospheric pressure
b. rainfall a. tai fung

Identify each weather instrument. Write only the letter of your answer.

____b____ 1. Measures air pressure in millibars. a. Anemometer

____g_____ 2. Measures the relative humidity in the air; b. Barometer
made up of two thermometers placed side c. Weather balloon
by side on a board. d. Rain gauge
____e_____ 3. Measures air temperature. e. Thermometer
____c_____ 4. Transmits or sends radio signals that give f. Wind vane
information about the weather. g. hygrometer
_____a____ 5. Used to find out how fast the wind is
blowing.
_____f____ 6. Measures wind direction.
_____d____ 7. Measures the amount of rainfall.

Enumeration.

A. Layers of soil 13. kaingeros

1. topsoil 14. loggers
2. subsoil 15. mining and quarrying
3. bedrock E. Effects of soil erosion
B. Kinds of soil 16. land shape is changed
4. loam 17. ditches, ponds, and reservoirs
5. sand are clogged
6. clay 18. rivers become shallow
C. Causes of mechanical weathering 19. rock formations are created
7. temperature 20. pollution-causing chemicals
8. water from melting snow and reach lakes and rivers
running water
F. Ways of preventing soil erosion
9. plant roots
21. contour plowing
D. Agents of erosion
22. terracing
10. running water
23. soil tilling
11. glaciers
24. strip cropping
12. wind
25. plant vegetation

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 G. Four main events in a water cycle
26. Evaporation of water from the ocean.
27. Transport of water vapor through the atmosphere.
28. Condensation and precipitation of water on land.
29. The return of water to the ocean through rivers and streams.

Write TRUE if the statement is true. If it is false, make the statement correct by replacing
the underlined word.

gravity 1. The moon is the force that pulls people and objects towards the
center of the earth to keeps us falling off into space.
TRUE 2. The earth has completed one rotation after turning on its axis for 24
hours.
orbit 3. The axis is the earth’s pathway around the sun.
365 ¼ days 4. One revolution of the earth around the sun takes about 364 days.
TRUE 5. The time when the Earth is said to be closest to the sun is called
perihelion.
TRUE 6. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes in front of the sun
and obscures it totally or patially.
tides 7. The period or rise and fall of sea level is known as penumbra.
neap tide 8. Spring tide occurs during full moon; high tide is not very high and
low tide is not very low.

Write one or two sentences to differentiate each pair of terms.

1. mechanical weathering – chemical weathering

In mechanical weathering, rocks are broken but no chemical change takes

place. The rock just crumbles. In chemical weathering, rocks undergo
decomposition that makes them crumble.

2. kaingineros – loggers

Kaingineros clear pieces of land by slashing and burning before they plant crops.
Loggers are people who cut down trees.

3. terracing – strip cropping

In terracing, farmers make slopes in the sides of hills in mountains just like the
Banaue Rice Terraces. In strip cropping, farmers grow tall and short crops in
alternate rows so tall crops can protect short crops from the wind.

4. stalactites – stalagmites

Stalactites are stone formations that hang from the roof of a cave. When the
water from the roof of the cave drips down onto the floor, stalagmites are
formed.

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Answer the following questions.

1. What is the meaning of PAGASA?

Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Services Administraton
2. How are clouds formed?
Clouds are formed from small droplets of water that are produced when moist
air cools below a certain temperature.
3. What is the weather like today?
Example only: It is partly cloudly but there is no tropical cyclone affecting the
country.
4. What causes day and night?
While the earth rotates on its axis, the parts that are facing the sun will
experience daytime and the part where sunlight doe not fall will experience
night time.
5. Why is it that we only have the wet and dry season while other countries have
winter, spring, summer, and fall?
The Philippines is near the equator and we receive more sunlight than the
countries in the temperate zone.

Shade each circle to show the appearance of the moon as seen from the Earth during
each phase. Then, label each phase.

Last Quarter Half Moon

Waning Moon

Waning Gibbous Moon

Full Moon
New Moon

Waxing Crescent Waxing Gibbous Moon

First Quarter Half Moon

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