The Operation of Fuzzy Set

LESSON 02
Dewi Yanti Liliana, M.Kom
 Learning Objectives
• Introduces various operations of fuzzy sets
• Introduces the concepts of disjunctive sum,
distance, difference, conorm and t – conorm
operators

Material sources is taken from First Course on Fuzzy Theory and Applications, Lee, K.H.
 Standard Operations of Fuzzy Set
• Complement set A , union , and
intersection represent the standard
operations of fuzzy theory and are arranged
as:
• Note that the two characteristics of crisp set
operators does not hold in fuzzy set.

• The reason for this occurrence is that the

boundary of complement of A is ambiguous.
 Fuzzy Complement
(Requirement for complement function)
• Complement set of A ( ) carries the sense of
negation.
• Complement function C maps the
membership function of fuzzy set A to
[0,1] (written by ).
• Fuzzy complement function should satisfy two
axioms:
• Axioms C1 and C2 are fundamental requisites
to be a complement function.
• These two axioms are called “axiomatic
skeleton”.
• Additional axioms are:
Example of Complement Function
• The four axioms for complement hold in
standard complement operator
Example of Complement Function
• The following is a complement function
satisfying only the axiomatic skeleton.
Example of Complement Function
• The following complement function is
continuous (C3) but not holds C4

When a = 0.33, C(0.33) = 0.75 in this function. However since C(0.75)

= 0.15 ≠ 0.33, C4 does not hold .
 Popular Complement Function
• Yager’s Function

• When w = 1, the Yager’s function becomes the

standard complement function C(a) = 1 – a.
Yager Complement Function
Fuzzy Partition
Fuzzy Union
 Fuzzy Union

the union and OR logic are identical.

Examples of Union Function
Yager Union Function
Other Union Operations
Fuzzy Intersection
Axioms for Intersection Function
 Examples of Intersection

intersection and AND logic are equivalent.

Examples of Intersection
Yager Intersection Function
Other Intersection Operations
 Other Operations in Fuzzy Set
1. Disjunctive Sum
• Disjunctive sum is the name of operation
corresponding “exclusive OR” logic.
• Definition (Simple disjunctive sum)
By means of fuzzy union and fuzzy
intersection, definition of the disjunctive sum
in fuzzy set is allowed just like in crisp set.
Example of Disjunctive Sum
Example of simple disjunctive sum
Definition (Disjoint sum)
• The key idea of “exclusive OR” is elimination
of common area from the union of A and B.
With this idea, we can define an operator ∆
for the exclusive OR disjoint sum as follows.
Disjoint Sum
Difference in Crisp Set
Difference in Fuzzy Set
 Distance in Fuzzy Set
• The concept ‘distance’ is designated to
describe the difference.
• Measures for distance in fuzzy setare defined
in:
1. Hamming Distance
2. Euclidean Distance
3. Minkowski distance
1. Hamming Distance
2. Euclidean Distance
Euclidean Distance
3. Minkowski distance
Cartesian Product of Fuzzy Set
 t-norms and t-conorms
• There are two types of operators in fuzzy sets:
– t-norms (triangular-norm)
– t-conorms (triangular-conorm) or also called as s-
norms
• All tnorm and t-conorm functions follow these
relations.
How about these operators?