Mobile Broadcasting: Communication Principles

MOBILE BROADCASTING BENT 3113
MOBILE BROADCASTING
Introduction
Mobile broadcasting is integrated system of TV broadcasting. The term broadcasting refers to

the ability to deliver the content to the user. In other words, broadcasting is the distribution of
audio or video content electronically to a dispersed audience usually via television, radio or
others. The system which broadcasts the multimedia video services at relatively high
transmission rate is called “Mobile Broadcasting”. The mobile broadcast network transmits
content to any mobile device equipped with a receiver enabled to view the material with no
limit to the number of viewers supported simultaneously. The problem that we face on
broadcast network is the broadcasting services for mobile user such as a person with a small
receiving terminal and a fellow passenger in car are restricted to the sound and music by AM
and FM radio broadcasting and only for the local area. In recent years, data services
providing sound and video in the mobile environment are spreading by the use of the mobile
communications system such as mobile phones and wireless LANs. As for the broadcasting
service in the mobile environment, sound and video services with high quality are expected
as well as by mobile communication. As a result, mobile broadcast is the solution.
Additionally, mobile broadcast networks purpose built for streaming video to mobile devices
offer benefits such as high quality images and the ability to support large channel bouquets.
There are three basic types of digital broadcasting:
Satellite
This type of broadcasting distributes content using a signal that is transmitted across a
satellite network.
Cable
Cable broadcasting uses cables to transmit content from the cable companies to customer’s
homes.
Terrestrial
Terrestrial broadcasting uses transmitters located on the ground across service areas.
COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES Page 1

Mobile broadcasting has many advantages and disadvantages. Public broadcaster may receive
all or a substantial part of their funding from government source. Public broadcasters do not
rely on advertising as a source of revenue to the same degree as commercial broadcasters but
this allows public broadcasters to air programs that are less saleable to the mass market, such
as public affairs shows, radio and television documentaries, and educational programs. The
public broadcaster does not chase rating in same way as commercial broadcaster but they can
explore issues in greater depth and with more complexity that is possible in commercial
media. They also can present cultural fare that has social value but would not support by
market.
These developments are creating opportunities for especially extreme TV services as well. Dr
Windsor Holden said there will always be a market for some form of premium TV service on
the mobile handset and will broadcast TV in many likely to consist simply of the free-to-air
terrestrial signals, the gap in the market is likely to be filled by streamed video-on demand
service over the 3G network.
In other hand, mobile broadcasting has disadvantages. Usually mobile terminal have limited
capabilities compared to fixed terminals. This is mainly ascribes to portability considerations,
which lead to small displays, low power processor and limited storage. Capable limitations
implicate very strict requirements that only a restricted set of technologies. The wireless
bandwidth has limitation but the wireless network is fully deployed that wireless link
bandwidth becomes broad enough to accommodate high definition quality video services.
The most significant problem of the mobile broadcasting is that consumer need for watching
TV program on the go is not so high. This is mainly because there is limited time for
enjoying visual services on the go.
Problems
However, mobile broadcasting network face some problems which are mobile broadcast
networks do not offer a two-way delivery system. Similar to traditional radio and TV, users
do not interact directly with the operator for activities. This is where the use of 3G networks
as a return path for interactive data applications plays a pivotal role. Besides that, the
broadcast industry faces a decisive challenge in personalizing content and segmenting
channels towards a still more fragmented market that apart from digital TV and radio must be
accessed through mobile terminal.

Objective
In this paper, we have introduced about “Mobile Broadcasting” for future Malaysian
communication. There are huge potential of this technology in Malaysia. By using this
technology, it will make people work become easier especially who needs faster information
(engineer, businessman, etc). In addition, this technology will produce employment
opportunities such as communication engineer, technician etc. Besides that, this technology
also will produce a business opportunities by providing the coverage and sales devices.
Scope
The scope of this paper is to provide knowledge about Mobile Broadcasting and its potential
use in Malaysia.
Outline the mobile broadcasting system
Some technical items such as transmission, multiplexing, coding scheme, access

control, receiver and operational guide line for the terrestrial digital broadcasting system and
the satellite digital broadcasting system are standardized. In July 1997, Technical
requirements on the satellite digital sound broadcasting system used in 2.6GHz frequency
band was approved by Telecommunication Technology Council of MPT (Ministry of Posts
and Telecommunications) in Japan.
The frequency band used in the mobile broadcasting system is the S band (2.630-
2.655GHz) which was allocated to the Mobile Satellite Broadcasting System for World
Administrative Radio Conference held in 1992. In order to build the Mobile Broadcasting
System there are two problems which is to design and to develop the transmission system to
operate well in the multi-path radio environment. Secondly, is to produce the spacecraft with
large Equivalent Isotropic Radiation Power (EIRP) in order for users who can easily receive
the broadcasting signal with Carrier to Noise Ratio (C/N) using a small receiving terminal
and small receiving antennas.
To curb the problem, the new broadcasting transmission scheme using Code Division
Multiplex (CDM) was develop. The system consists of the larger sized spacecraft (MBSAT)
with large EIRP. The large deploy able antenna and terrestrial gap-fillers which are
distributed in the shadow regions of the blocked from high building and others obstacles.

Figure 1: Mobile Broadcasting System
Transmission system and technologies
There are some technical issues on the transmission system were investigated for
providing mobile broadcasting services with high transmission quality. Basic requirements of
this system are:
 Mobile users (receiving terminal) can receive mixed signal with signals from satellite
and signal from gap-fillers
 Receiving terminal has desired C/N in multi-path radio wave environment
 On board power amplifier in satellite has high efficiency with less signal distortion
(by minimum back-off level)
 Providing of some functions to receive broadcasting signal by using a small mobile
receiver is feasible by making LSI.
As a result, a broadcasting system with Code Division Multiplex (CDM) scheme was
developed. Transmission system parameters are shown in table 1.

Center Frequency 2642.5MHz

Bandwidth 25MHz
Modulation/ multiplexing CDM
Transmission rate 256kbps/code
Spreading code Wash code & M-sequence
Error correction code Convolution & Reed-Solomon (204 188)
Interleaver Bite Interleaver : Convolutinal
Bit Interleaver : Convolutional Interleaver with 3
segmental grouping
Baseband Multiplexing MPEG-2 Systems
Audio Coding MPEG-2 AAC+SBR
Video Coding MPEG-4 Simple Profile
Table 1: Transmission System Parameters of Mobile Broadcasting
Two frequencies are used to transmit the CDM signal and the Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) signal respectively. The CDM signal is converted frequency from Ku-
band to S-band (2.6GHz) by the transponder on MBSAT and is transmitted to mobile users
directly. On the other hand, the TDM signal is converted from 14GHz-band to 12GHz-band
on MBSAT and is transmitted to gap-fillers on the ground. Gap-fillers distributed on the
ground receive the TDM signal with 12GHz frequency band and convert to CDM signal with
frequency of S-band (2.6GH). And then, CDM signal is transmitted to mobile users.
The feature of the conversion from TDM (14GHz) signal to CDM (2.6GHz) signal is to be
obtained more C/N compared with a simple frequency conversion such as a conversion from
CDM (14GHz) signal to CDM (2.6GHz) signal. Simple repeaters which amplify the CDM
(2.6GHz) signal from MBSAT are used in small service coverage areas.

a) Gap-Filler (regenerated Repeater) b) Gap-Filler (Repeater)
Figure 2: Transmission System of Gap-Filler
Multimedia Transmission Technologies
The mobile broadcasting transmission system provides not only sound such as speech
and music but also provides video with high quality and data. The audio coding method
includes the Spectral Band Replication (SBR) processing to improve quality at low bit rate
such as speech. As a result, monaural, stereo and dual monaural mode audio at bit rate up to
144 kbps are coded with high quality. As for video coding scheme，MPEG-4 simple profile
is used and can transmit high quality pictures with maximum bit-rate of 384kbps and
maximum frame- rate of 15 frames per second. The functions of multiplexing and de-
multiplexing of coding signal are done by using MPEG-2 Systems.
Broadcasting Centre
The functions of broadcasting centre as production and organization of broadcasting

programs, encoding for source information, multiplexing and modulation to transmit CDM
signals and TDM. The centre consists of the management system for program
information ， the management system for customer, the program transmission system, the
PSI/SI (Program Specific Information/Service Information) transmission system, the
conditional access system, the key management system, the encoding and multiplexing
system for video and audio，the TDM/CDM modulation system and the antenna/transmitter.
M signals toward MBSAT and managements of some information for customer.

Figure 3: Function Block of the Mobile Broadcasting Centre
Figure 4: Broadcasting Centre
Recent Major Development Associated With Mobile Broadcasting
As a users and customers, we definitely wants to use the consumer friendly multimedia
applications for Mobile TV, video store and forward and interactive voting and more based
on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB). IMB
is a technology-based mobile braodcasting developed by many leading companies at this
time. IPWireless, a pioneer in developing key enabling technology, announced today that the

IMB has been working with Streamezzo for development and will demonstrate the various
IMB applications on the latest popular smartphones and tablets at IBC 2010 in the Amdocs
Booth M 152, Hall 9.
“IMB has the potential to deliver the multimedia experience consumers want at an economic
model that makes sense for operators. Streamezzo and IPWireless bring advanced
application features that enable service providers to move beyond Mobile TV and offer
innovative and intelligent new broadcast services that will lead to an enhanced consumer
experience”, said Olivier Avaro, Amdocs Hub Vice President of Applications. (Posted
September 9, 2010 by ipwireless.com).
In addition, on Thursday, 24th June 2010, intomobile.com posted, three top UK providers
which are Orange, O2 and Vodafone is set for the conference Integrated Mobile Broadcast
(IMB) technology, which can be used for commercial mobile TV service. Pilot will begin in
October and last for three months in central London and Slough, with the idea to test how
mobile broadcast services can be used by the network infrastructure sharing.
“It is too soon to say when IMB-based services will be available commercially. However,
once IMB is ready to be rolled out, I expects to see the technology built into smartphones and
tablet PCs. Besides radio and TV, IMB can also be used for content downloads.”, according
to Yves Bellégo, director of technical and network strategy at Orange.
For users, the adoption of IMB will mean better picture quality compared to TV streamed
over existing 3G networks. It also lets operators offer more channels, according to
IPWireless, which develops chipsets and software for IMB and together with Ericsson, is
providing the equipment for the trial.
On July 2010 at San Francisco, IPWireless and Huawei, a leader in providing next-
generation telecommunications network solutions for operators around the world announced
that the two companies have signed a co-operation agreement with respect to the production
of each party’s Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB) technology. This co-operation will
include interoperability testing (IOT) and service provider trials. These ground-breaking
interoperability tests will assure operators that they can confidently source IMB equipment
from multiple vendors and assure handset manufacturers that their devices will be fully
compatible with all IMB networks.

What is Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB)
Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB) was defined in the 3GPP release 8 standards, and was
recently endorsed by the GSMA as their preferred method for the efficient delivery of
broadcast services. TDD uses the same channel to alternately send and receive data, and lets
the operator configure the network to use the available spectrum for sending data to the
subscriber, which a good fit for broadcast services. That compares to Frequency Division
Duplex (FDD) which is used by most current 3G networks and sends data to and from the
subscriber using separate channels, and doesn't allow the same flexibility. However, the
amount of spectrum each operator has for TDD services is so small that they have to work
together in order to have enough to deliver broadcast TV services. Operators can use IMB
within a spectrum band that, although already allocated to them in connection with many 3G
licenses, has hitherto been unused due to the lack of an appropriate technology.
IMB is capable of streaming live video, and broadcasting and storing popular content on the
device for later consumption – both resulting in significant offloading of data intensive traffic
from existing 3G unicast networks and an improved customer experience. The rich
multimedia client features a highly intuitive electronic program guide (EPG), channel grid
and embedded video player for live TV viewing and video recording. All of the IMB
applications can be quickly, effortlessly and cost-effectively adapted to support all major
mobile OSs and different mobile device types including smartphones, tablets and e-readers.
Below are the Commercial Development Parameters for Mobile Broadcasting
Demand factors
 This technology is high demands among people because people would be able to
assess television programme or any live broadcast anywhere.
 Younger users and new generation demands because the idea is attractive for this kind
of technology to be accomplished is proven.
 Companies that offer the service in Malaysia are WiMAX technologies, Axiata Group
Berhad, DiGi Telecommunications, Maxis Communications Berhad, Telekom
Malaysia Berhad, U Mobile Sdn Bhd and others. MEASAT Broadcast Network
Systems Sdn Bhd or Astro also provides this service.

General Constraints
 Variety type and wide usage of mobile broadcast could cause congestion in network
traffic because 3G networks are finite and in some certain circumstances
 General constraints that mostly known is the limited coverage and also limited 3G
accesses in Malaysia.
 When 3G usage with same network increase, the quality and speed will be quite slow
for the average user. Many service providers in Europe are already experiencing
network slowdown and degradation in quality due to increasing mobile usage.
 Mobile broadcast services require a monthly subscription and it is quite expensive
 The high-speed data services that make in 3G, especially video and SMS traffic,
consume enormous network capacity. Video requires a lot of spectrum because 3G
networks, also called unicast networks, offer a dedicated two-way communication
channel with users. Unicast networks send separate signals to respond to each
individual request made by users. With each unicast signal the broadcasting
transmitter sends, the overall quality and speed of the network decreases.
 3G network can only be accessed in big cities and certain areas such as developing
states in Malaysia. Limited access of 3G causes a stumble in providing this mobile
broadcast.
Competing technologies
 Linear broadcast is one of the competitors to mobile broadcast technologies if the

monthly subscription of mobile broadcast is expensive or the quality of the service is
bad. Besides, the coverage of 3G network in Malaysia is still limited and only
available in certain area.
 4G also the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a successor to 3G and
more advance than 3G network. It is advance in the fundamental nature of the service,
non-backwards compatible transmission technology, and new frequency bands
 5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems is another
competitors but still used in some research papers and projects to denote the next
major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the upcoming 4G
standards (expected to be finalized between approximately 2011 and 2013).

Regulatory Factors
 Commercial mobile broadcast services need a license from CMA. This requires to
working with each country’s regulatory authority and government agencies. Operators
should lobby for technology-neutral regulatory policies and allocation of spectrum
suitable for broadcast mobile TV.
 For foreign companies, it is difficult to obtain the license to acquire spectrum for
commercial mobile broadcast services because the policy of government to give the
license to companies that owned by local shareholders.
 Referring to Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (the MCMC),
All licensees under the CMA must be companies incorporated in Malaysia, and the
equity structure of all individual licensees must comply with relevant Malaysian
foreign investment restrictions.
Why this technology important for Malaysia to develop/acquire?
The mobile broadcasting is synonym to point-to-multipoint (PTM) communications where

the data packets are simultaneously transmitted from a single source to multiple destinations.
The term broadcast refers to the ability to deliver all content to all users. For examples, radio
and TV services which are broadcasted over the air (either terrestrial or via satellite) and over
the cable networks. This technology ensures the efficient coverage whether in urban or dense
areas because the satellite transmissions provide coverage in all areas where network would
be too expensive to deploy.
There is several importance of mobile broadcast:
 The mobile operators of the mobile broadcast can retain established the business
models. Current service such ad mobile TV will greatly benefit from capacity-
boosting effect of mobile broadcast. Sometimes, they are stimulating the development
of new, mobile, mass-media services.
 It will enable operators to provide a full triple-play service offering (telephone,
Internet and TV) for mobile handheld devices in a cost effective way over a common
service and network infrastructure.
 Mobile broadcasting can be used by many people:
- Businesses - Professionals
- Institutions - Individuals

- Bars & Restaurants - Service Companies

- Special Events - Web-based Businesses
- Communities - Churches, Schools
 Mobile Broadcasting is a tool for our mobile generation. It is a timely service that is
ripe and ready to meet the needs of a mobile marketplace that is booming in reach,
value and opportunities.
 Mobile Broadcasting can be used to send important notices, special announcements,
event calendars, sales invitations, promo offers, product intros, discount deals and
much more.
Another uses:
- Real Estate Listings - General Business Info
- Professional Bios - Schedules
- Sponsored Content - Discount Coupons
- Menu specials - Special of the Days
 The mobile broadcasting transmission is not only provides sound such as music but
has provides video with high quality and data.
 Mobile Broadcasting allows more efficient use of 3G bandwidth. Avoid the need to
load 3G bandwidth for video streaming so as to preserve bandwidth for mobile
broadband services.
Who are the major players of mobile broadcasting?
1. Celcom Axiata Berhad

 Celcom Axiata Berhad is the oldest mobile telecommunications company in

Malaysia. Celcom is one of a member of the Axiata group of companies. It
successfully introduced mobile telephony in Malaysia through its ART-900
(Automatic Radio Telephone) service, using first generation (analogue) ETACS
(Extended Total Access Communication System) specifications of the United
Kingdom, a derivative of the US-AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
technology.
 The ETACS ART-900 was started using the prefix "010". Celcom now uses the
dialling prefix identifier of "013" and "019" and offer digital GSM (Groupe Speciale
Mobile), an originally European standard, now largely a world standard for mobile
communications. The original frequency band for GSM is 900 MHz, and was soon
extended to 1800 MHz to cater for a much wider bandwidth requirements.
 Through the Mobile Numbering Portability by the Malaysian Communications and

Multimedia Commission, CELCOM also provides Virtual Mobile Operator services.
Celcom also provides rural communications services using CDMA Technology and
Satellite Phone.
2. Telekom Malaysia Berhad
 Telekom Malaysia Berhad is the largest telecommunication company in

Malaysia. It has a monopoly on the fixed line network and has a considerable
market share of the mobile communications market after its acquisition of
Celcom and merging with its mobile operation arm, TMTouch.
 TM has an internet service provider subsidiary (TM Net) offering narrowband

and broadband connectivity. Broadband connectivity is through DSL under
TM Net's Streamyx brand. Due to its near monopoly of the last mile
connections, TM Net is now the sole DSL broadband provider in the country.

 Telekom Malaysia officially changed its global brand from Telekom Malaysia
to TM in April 2005.
 Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM), is one of the largest listed companies on

Bursa Malaysia with an operating revenue of more than RM16 billion] and
total asset over RM41.8 billion. TM is a government-linked company,
reporting government shareholdings of over 36%. Of the remaining shares,
less than 4% are held by non-bumiputera Malaysians, the racial distinction
being an example of the government's affirmative action policy.
3. Maxis Communications Berhad
• Maxis Communications Berhad is a leading mobile phone service provider in

Malaysia. It was started in the year 1995.
• Maxis provides a variety of mobile communication products and services.

They offer prepaid call plans, monthly subscription plans, global roaming,
MMS, WAP (over both GSM and GPRS), Residential Fixed Line services,
Broadband Internet plans, and as of early 2005, 3G services to both prepaid
and postpaid subscription customers.
• For business customers, Maxis offer VSAT services (satellite based

communications) and BlackBerry based mobile services besides regular
services. Maxis also provides an online Music store for its customers to
download multimedia content.
• Maxis most popular service is its prepaid brand Hotlink, which currently
serves over 8 million customers in Malaysia. They are currently heavily
promoting a new IDD 132 service, which offers discounted calls to landlines
in selected countries, at a rate of 20 sen (roughly 6 US cents) per minute which
is, at certain times for many subscribers, even cheaper than a local call.

4. DiGi Telecommunications
 DiGi Telecommunications is a mobile service provider in Malaysia. It is owned in

majority by Telenor ASA of Norway with 49%. On 24 May 1995 DiGi became the
first telco in Malaysia to launch and operate a fully digital cellular network.
 DiGi Telecommunications Sdn. Bhd. provides a variety of mobile communication

services. These services include voice under their prepaid plans & postpaid plans,
SMS, data plans and services, international roaming, international calling card and
WAP services.
 They were also the first to offer GPRS (2.5G) and later EDGE (2.75G) in Malaysia in
14 May 2004. DiGi primarily uses the GSM1800 band with the network code of
50216.
 DiGi is listed on the Bursa Malaysia under the Infrastructure category.
 It uses the native dialling prefix identifier of "010", "016", "0143", "0146" and
"0149", although with the implementation of Mobile number portability mandated by
the Malaysian government this does not apply to subscribers who switched from their
old mobile service provider over to DiGi.
5. U Mobile Sdn Bhd
 U Mobile Sdn Bhd is Malaysia’s newest 3G service provider and was founded in
1998 as MiTV Networks Sdn Bhd. U Mobile is a wholly owned subsidiary of U

Television Sdn Bhd which was formerly known as U Telecom Media Holdings Sdn
Bhd and MiTV Corporation Sdn Bhd.
 Utilising the 018 prefix allocated to the organisation by the Malaysian

Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) , U Mobile seeks to enrich
the lives of consumers by making communication, entertainment and information
easily accessible through advance technology via one convenient, ubiquitous
platform.
 In addition to offering mobile telephony and mobile data, U Mobile intends to be

Malaysia’s first ever true mobile TV service provider with its Mobile LiveTV service
that utilises internationally accepted Digital Video Broadcast – Handheld (DVB-H)
technology. U Mobile targets to commence its mobile service and Mobile LiveTV
user trial before the end of 2007.
 Based on Bloomberg's feed, KT Freetel, one of U Mobile's foreign investor, has

announced that it is selling its 16.5% stake (62.6 million shares) to U Mobile’s major
shareholder.
 U Television Sdn. Bhd.
 U Television Sdn. Bhd. known as U Telecom Media Holdings Sdn. Bhd. and MiTV
Corporation Sdn. Bhd) is Malaysia's third pay television operator. It was launched in
September 2005 after having obtained all the necessary approvals from the censorship
board on its broadcast contents. The company initially offered 40 channels from
content providers worldwide.
 U television also owns a mobile phone operator called U Mobile.
 One of U television's great at is that it utilises an internet protocol over UHF-based

transmission system. Subscribers are required to install a standard UHF television
antenna as opposed to a satellite dish to receive broadcasts. U television is therefore
able to broadcast even during inclement weather.

INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER
1. Jaring Communications Sdn Bhd
 JARING (Jaring Communications Sdn Bhd) is a Malaysian internet service

provider based in Technology Park Malaysia (TPM). It was the first internet
service provider in the country and was formerly owned by MIMOS Berhad.
 The word JARING was derived from Joint Advanced Research Integrated
Networking.
2. MIMOS BERHAD
 MIMOS Berhad (Malaysian Institute Of Microelectronic Systems) is a strategic

agency under purview of the Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and
Innovation (MOSTI). MIMOS mission is to pioneer information and
communication technologies (ICT) to grow globally competitive indigenous
industries.
 The company is formerly known as The Malaysian Institute of Microelectronic

Systems and was founded in 1985.
 MIMOS’ robust technology platforms provide local companies - who are

MIMOS’ technology recipients - with a speedy time-to-market and price elasticity
to position themselves globally. With the Intellectual Property (IP) that MIMOS
has generated, we would also be able to reposition Malaysia’s indigenous
industries to play in niche markets globally.

3. PersiaSYS Sdn. Bhd
 PersiaSYS Sdn. Bhd. is specialized in Telecommunication and IT Solutions since

2004. With good experience in Cable and Wireless communication has implemented
an Internet service in Malaysia, it has also developed and implemented a Wireless
Early Warning system for North-South highway in Malaysia.
 PersiaSYS is offering high quality Internet service in Klang Valey, Malaysia at speed
up to 10MB for residential and business users. It also provide VoIP Services for
global usage.
 Major clients and partners are Plus Berhad, Dell, Microsoft, Genting Malaysia,
Kaspersky and ESET.
4. Packet One Networks
 Packet One Networks (P1) is a Malaysian converged telecommunications, broadband

and Wimax service provider. The company was founded in 2002 and is a subsidiary
of Green Packet Berhad.
 In March 2007, P1 was one of four companies awarded 2.3 GHz spectrum licenses
by the Malaysian Government to deploy WiMAX services throughout Malaysia. In
August 2008, P1 became the first company to launch commercial WiMAX services in
Malaysia

5. Nasionet
 NASIONET is a pioneer in the online prepaid industry where we sell a wide array of
telecommunication products and at the same time provide you with the best discount
and rates on international calls & domestic long distance calling cards and cell phone
recharge PINs.
 Nasionet collaboration with Comfi.com - a leading Internet communication company

based in Boston Massachusetts, NASIONET has become a major Comfi.com
distributor in the online prepaid industry providing you with an online platform where
you can securely and conveniently purchase calling cards, phone cards, VoIP call
products, recharge PINs and the rest of our product range for you to choose under a
single place.
 Along with the highest quality service and low rates for many destinations, the card
gives you many handy VoIP features such as PC to Phone, Web Call, PDA Call, SMS
Call, Click to Call, Prepaid Conference Calls, Personal USA Toll Free Number, Call
USA Toll-Free Numbers From Overseas and many more to come where most of our
competitors are hardly catching up.
6. deConnexion
 deConneXion is the service launched by Danawa Resources Sdn Bhd., Internet

Service Privider licensed by the Malaysian Communication & Multimedia
Commission (MCMC). Danawa holds nationwide ASP, NFP & NSP license for the
building of telecommunication infrastructure and services.
 Danawa also involved in ICT Education. In partnership with the University of

Cambridge, UK, Danawa provides ICT Starters Program for elementary school
children.
7. TIME dotcom Berhad
 TIME dotCom Berhad, Malaysia’s alternative fixed-line telecommunications solution

provider, is a public listed company, listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia
since 2001. Incorporated in 1996 as TIME Telecommunications Holdings Berhad, it
became TIME dotCom Berhad in 2000.
 Licensed under the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Act 1998, TIME
dotCom's full suite of telecommunication licenses has enabled the TIME dotCom
group to operate and offer its services, ranging from voice and data communications
to broadband Internet, satellite connectivity, private networks, as well as other IT and
communication solutions.
 Other internet providers are Maxis Communication and AMAX.
SATELLITE SERVICE

 Astro is Malaysian direct broadcast satellite (DBS) pay television service. It transmits
digital satellite television and radio to households in Malaysia & Brunei. The name
Astro is an acronym for All-Asian Satellite Television and Radio Operator.
 Astro is owned and operated by MEASAT Broadcast Network Systems, a wholly-

owned subsidiary of Astro All Asia Networks plc. Astro was de-listed from the Main
Market of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad on 14 June 2010, following a successful
take-over offer by Astro Holdings Sdn Bhd, a company owned by Usaha Tegas Sdn
Bhd its affiliates, and Khazanah Nasional Berhad. It has operations at All Asia
Broadcast Centre located in Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Measat in
Cyberjaya.
 In addition to serving consumers in households, Astro has substantial coverage in

commercial establishments such as bars, restaurants, hotels, dorms, and hospitals.
Since 2008, the Astro has been offering a video streaming service to mobile phone
users throughout the country (Astro Mobile TV).
TELEVISION SERVICE PROVIDER
For television broadcast in Malaysia there are six channel free-to-airs. The channels are
 RTM1  Ntv7
 RTM 2  8TV
 TV3  TV9

Conclusion
The purpose of this report is to disclose information about the mobile broadcast to the
people of Malaysia as it is suitable to be developed in Malaysia. This study also provides
information on the latest technology in the world of broadcasting and the company who lead
this technology. Through this study, we found lot of benefits to be obtained if the technology
is developed and it is a profitable business investment if the venture. Mobile broadcasting is
also very fast and easy when compared with other technologies because mobile broadcasting
is not a two-way delivery system. It’s only receiving the information from broadcaster.
Although its use in Malaysia is still not widespread due to the lack of information
about it, but it still received a positive response from users who tried it before. This can be
proved by a significant increase in Asia in the use of mobile broadcasting. This technology
will give a lot of benefit to the user especially for those who need a lot of information such as
businessman, engineer, politician and other because with mobile broadcasting they with
always update with latest news and information. Lastly, the researcher should a lot of
investigation about this technology for future benefit.
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trial_new_mobile_tv_technology.html
 http://www.ipwireless.com/news
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Mobile Broadcasting: Communication Principles

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Mobile Broadcasting: Communication Principles

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MOBILE BROADCASTING BENT 3113

Mobile broadcasting is integrated system of TV broadcasting. The term broadcasting refers to

There are three basic types of digital broadcasting:

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Outline the mobile broadcasting system

Some technical items such as transmission, multiplexing, coding scheme, access

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Figure 1: Mobile Broadcasting System

Transmission system and technologies

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Center Frequency 2642.5MHz

Table 1: Transmission System Parameters of Mobile Broadcasting

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a) Gap-Filler (regenerated Repeater) b) Gap-Filler (Repeater)

Figure 2: Transmission System of Gap-Filler

Multimedia Transmission Technologies

The functions of broadcasting centre as production and organization of broadcasting

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Figure 3: Function Block of the Mobile Broadcasting Centre

Figure 4: Broadcasting Centre

Recent Major Development Associated With Mobile Broadcasting

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What is Integrated Mobile Broadcast (IMB)

Below are the Commercial Development Parameters for Mobile Broadcasting

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 Linear broadcast is one of the competitors to mobile broadcast technologies if the

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Why this technology important for Malaysia to develop/acquire?

The mobile broadcasting is synonym to point-to-multipoint (PTM) communications where

There is several importance of mobile broadcast:

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- Bars & Restaurants - Service Companies

Who are the major players of mobile broadcasting?

1. Celcom Axiata Berhad

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 Celcom Axiata Berhad is the oldest mobile telecommunications company in

 Through the Mobile Numbering Portability by the Malaysian Communications and

2. Telekom Malaysia Berhad

 Telekom Malaysia Berhad is the largest telecommunication company in

 TM has an internet service provider subsidiary (TM Net) offering narrowband

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 Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM), is one of the largest listed companies on

3. Maxis Communications Berhad

• Maxis Communications Berhad is a leading mobile phone service provider in

• Maxis provides a variety of mobile communication products and services.

• For business customers, Maxis offer VSAT services (satellite based

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 DiGi Telecommunications is a mobile service provider in Malaysia. It is owned in

 DiGi Telecommunications Sdn. Bhd. provides a variety of mobile communication

 DiGi is listed on the Bursa Malaysia under the Infrastructure category.

5. U Mobile Sdn Bhd

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 Utilising the 018 prefix allocated to the organisation by the Malaysian

 In addition to offering mobile telephony and mobile data, U Mobile intends to be

 Based on Bloomberg's feed, KT Freetel, one of U Mobile's foreign investor, has

 U Television Sdn. Bhd.

 U television also owns a mobile phone operator called U Mobile.

 One of U television's great at is that it utilises an internet protocol over UHF-based

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INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER

1. Jaring Communications Sdn Bhd