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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 1

Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………….1 to 7
SECTION I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY AND ITS PLANNING PROCESS............................. 1
1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................1
1.2 City Development Planning Process ..................................................................................2
1.3 Previous City Planning Process in Surat ............................................................................2
1.3.1 City Development Strategies........................................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Surat Vision 2020............................................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2: CITY PROFILE, VALUES AND STRENGTH................................................................... 5
2.1 City Profile .........................................................................................................................5
2.1.1 History & Growth............................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Demographic Characteristics .............................................................................................7
2.3 Urban Economy..................................................................................................................9
2.4 Population Forecasts ........................................................................................................12
SECTION II: EXISTING SITUATION ANALYSIS................................................................................. 15
CHAPTER 3: URBAN PLANNING & GROWTH MANAGEMENT..................................................... 16
3.1 Urban Sprawl over the years ............................................................................................16
3.2 Planning Process ..............................................................................................................17
3.2.1 Development Plans........................................................................................................ 17
3.2.2 Town Planning Schemes ............................................................................................... 20
3.3 Emerging Issues ...............................................................................................................23
CHAPTER 4: BASIC SERVICES & URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................... 24
4.1 Water Supply....................................................................................................................24
4.1.1 Sources of Water ........................................................................................................... 24
4.1.3 Treatment Facility ......................................................................................................... 27
4.1.4 Storage, Transmission and Distribution ........................................................................ 27
4.1.5 Consumer Connections ................................................................................................. 28
4.1.6 EmerginG Issues ........................................................................................................... 28
4.1.7 Future Planning ............................................................................................................. 29
4.2 Sewerage Systems ............................................................................................................31
4.2.1 Sewerage Network ........................................................................................................ 31
4.2.2 Sewerage Pumping Stations .......................................................................................... 32
4.2.3 Treatment Facilities....................................................................................................... 32
4.2.4 Sewerage Systems (Zone wise)..................................................................................... 34
4.2.5 Emerging Issues ............................................................................................................ 41
4.3 Storm Water Drainage ..........................................................................................................43
4.3.1 Existing Situation................................................................................................................ 43
4.3.2 Flood Protection Scheme of River Tapi ........................................................................ 43
4.3.3 EmerginG Issues ........................................................................................................... 45
4.4 Solid Waste Management.................................................................................................47
4.4.1 Waste Generation & Collection .................................................................................... 47
4.4.2 Waste Transportation and Disposal............................................................................... 48
4.4.3 Emerging Issues ............................................................................................................ 48
CHAPTER 5: ROADS AND TRANSPORTATION .................................................................................. 50
5.1 Roads................................................................................................................................50
5.1.1 Existing situation........................................................................................................... 50
5.1.2 Bridges and Fly-overs ................................................................................................... 52
5.1.3 Emerging Issues ............................................................................................................ 53
5.2 Traffic Management.........................................................................................................55
5.2.1 Traffic Characteristics ................................................................................................... 55
5.2.2 Road-Rail Crossings...................................................................................................... 55

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5.2.3 Junctions........................................................................................................................ 56
5.2.2 Public Transport ............................................................................................................ 56
5.2.5 Street Lighting............................................................................................................... 57
5.2.6 Emerging Issues ............................................................................................................ 57
CHAPTER 6: HOUSING AND URBAN POOR ........................................................................................ 58
6.1 Housing ............................................................................................................................58
6.1.1 Occupancy Rate and Household Size............................................................................ 58
6.2 Housing for Urban Poor ...................................................................................................59
6.2.1 Urban Poverty and Socio-economic Profile .................................................................. 60
6.2.2 Housing for Urban Poor -.............................................................................................. 63
6. 3 Emerging Issues ..............................................................................................................66
CHAPTER 7: URBAN ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................. 67
7.1 Water ................................................................................................................................67
7.2 Air.....................................................................................................................................67
7.3 Pollution Control Mechanisms.........................................................................................68
7.3.1 Institutional Framework ................................................................................................ 68
7.3.2 Regulatory Framework.................................................................................................. 68
7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT IN SUDA AREA ................................................69
7.5 Emerging Issues ...............................................................................................................69
CHAPTER 8: SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT................................................................................................. 70
8.1 Education..........................................................................................................................70
8.2 Health ...............................................................................................................................70
8.2.1 Health Facilities............................................................................................................. 71
8.2.2 Birth & Death Rates ...................................................................................................... 71
8.2.3 Mortality Pattern ........................................................................................................... 72
8.2.4 Disease Pattern .............................................................................................................. 72
8.2.5 Organisational Structure................................................................................................ 73
8.3 Recreation/ Open Spaces..................................................................................................74
8.4 Emerging Issues,...................................................................................................................76
CHAPTER 9: URBAN GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT............................................................ 77
9.1 74TH Constituional Amendment .......................................................................................77
9.2 Governing Structure of SMC ...........................................................................................78
9.2.1 Elected Wing ................................................................................................................. 78
9.2.2 Administrative Wing ..................................................................................................... 79
9.3 Recent Management Reforms ..........................................................................................83
9.4 Capacity Building Measures ............................................................................................90
9.5 Emerging Issues ...............................................................................................................90
CHAPTER 10: URBAN FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT .................................................................... 91
10.1 74th Constitution Amendment Act....................................................................................91
10.1.1 State Finance Commission ............................................................................................ 91
10.2 Structure of Municipal Finances ......................................................................................92
10.3 Finances of SMC..............................................................................................................93
10.3.1 Revenue Account .......................................................................................................... 94
10.3.2 Capital Account........................................................................................................... 100
10.3.3 Accounting of Depreciation ........................................................................................ 102
10.4 Financial Performance....................................................................................................102
10.4.1 Status of Municipal Finances ...................................................................................... 103
10.5 FINANCES OF SUDA.....................................................................................................104
10.5.1 REVENUE ACCOUNT.................................................................................................. 104
10.5.2 CAPITAL ACCOUNT ................................................................................................... 104
SECTION III: VISION, GOALS STRATEGIES AND PROJECTS ..................................................... 105

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CHAPTER 11: VISION 2020: STRATEGIES AND PROJECT IDENTIFICATION ......................... 106
11.1 Strategic Focus ...............................................................................................................106
11.1.1 Strategic Focus 1: Promoting Growth ......................................................................... 107
11.1.2 Strategic Focus 2: Good Governance.......................................................................... 108
11.1.3 Strategic Focus 3: Improved Service Delivery............................................................ 109
11.1.4 Overarching Objectives............................................................................................... 110
11.1.5 Toward Implementation .............................................................................................. 110
11.2 Urban Planning and Growth Management - Strategies & Action Plan..........................111
11.2.1 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 112
11.3 Basic Services and Urban Infrastructure – Strategies and Action Plan .........................113
11.3.1 Reforms in Water Supply............................................................................................ 114
11.3.2 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 116
11.3.3 Sewerage System......................................................................................................... 119
11.3.4 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 120
11.3.5 Storm Water Drainage................................................................................................. 124
11.3.6 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 125
11.3.5 Solid Waste Management............................................................................................ 127
11.3.6 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 128
11.4 Roads and Traffic Management- Strategies and Action Plan ........................................129
11.4.1 Roads, Flyover/ Bridges.............................................................................................. 129
11.4.2 Traffic Management.................................................................................................... 130
11.4.3 Identification of projects ............................................................................................. 131
11.4.4 Identification of Projects ................................................................................................ 132
11.5 Housing - Strategies & Action Plan ...............................................................................135
11.5.4 Identification of Projects................................................................................................. 136
11.6 Environment - Strategies & Action Plan........................................................................139
11.6.1 Identification of Projects ............................................................................................. 140
11.7 Health and Education - Strategies & Action Plan.........................................................146
11.8 Urban Governance – Strategic Action & Plan..................................................................151
11.9 IDentification of Projects ............................................................................................ 151
11.9 Urban Finance- Strategies and Action Plan ...................................................................152
11.10 Identification of Special Projects ...................................................................................153
11.11 Sectoral Summary of Projects Identified .......................................................................156
CHAPTER 12: CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME.............................................................. 158
12.1 Introduction to CIP.........................................................................................................158
12.2 Institutionalising the CIP Process ..................................................................................159
12.3 Capital Facilities & Investment Needs...........................................................................159
12.3.1 Capital Investments ..................................................................................................... 159
12.4 Multi-Year Investment Programme ...............................................................................160
12.4.1 FOP Assumptions........................................................................................................ 161
12.5 Financial Operating Plan (FOP)- Results.......................................................................164
12.5.1 SUDA – FOP Assumptions......................................................................................... 165
12.5.2 FOP – SUDA – Results............................................................................................... 167
ANNEXURES ........................................................................................................................................ 168

Annexure 1: F.O.P. Assumptions


Annexure 2: F.O.P. of SMC
Annexure 3: F.O.P. of SUDA

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LIST OF MAPS

Map 1: Important Places ..................................................................................................................... 6


Map 2: Industries in Surat ................................................................................................................. 12
Map 3: Revised Development Plan 2004.......................................................................................... 18
Map 4: SUDA area – Phased wise development............................................................................... 19
Map 5: Town Planning Schemes (SMC)........................................................................................... 21
Map 6: Town Planning Schemes(SUDA) ......................................................................................... 22
Map 7 : Water Supply ....................................................................................................................... 26
Map 8 : Sewerage Systems................................................................................................................ 33
Map 9 : Flood Prone Areas (1998).................................................................................................... 44
Map 10 : Transportation Network..................................................................................................... 51
Map 11: Slums in Surat..................................................................................................................... 62
Map 12: Administrative zoning of SMC........................................................................................... 80

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 5


Background
The city of Surat in Gujarat is known for
its textile trade, diamond cutting and
polishing industries and, since 1994, for
the Plague, is today known for its
strength to convert adversity into
advantage. The outbreak of pneumonic
plague in Surat during September 1994
created worldwide panic and severely
affected the city as well as the entire
nation’s economy. About 60% of the
population fled the city and the industry
suffered an estimated loss of Rs. 12
Billion. Though the disease was
controlled within a week, it raised many
NAVSARI
serious issues of public heath and the
capacity of the local government to
manage the city.
Subsequent to the Plague of 1994, the city authorities undertook one of the most massive clean-up
operations in recent times and revamped the entire administration of the city. Within two years, Surat had
been transformed from the one of the filthiest cities to the second cleanest city in the country. A systematic
process to upgrade infrastructure, both quantitatively and qualitatively, has been made by the local
government. The city governance has come to be recognized as an example of a good governance system.
The experience of Surat has demonstrated that urban local governments in developing countries have the
capacity to face the challenges of rapid urbanization and improve the quality of life of all residents.
While the city has successfully filled the large infrastructure gap accumulated over the decades within a
short span of a decade, consistently high rate of growth in population has posed new demands. The City has
been proactive in strategising its future. The first set of city consultations were done in 1998. Subsequently
in 1999, 2000 and 2001, the city concluded its City Corporate Plan (CCP). In 2004 the City revisited its CCP
and went ahead to draw the vision for Surat ‘Global City – Global Standards’. This ‘FUTURE CITY’ met
again in 2005 to take stock of the progress made in implementation of the strategy and draw up the plan for
further development. This plan, anchored on JNNURM, aims to upgrade the infrastructure standards
qualitatively and qualitatively to a desired level, extend coverage to rapidly expanding fringe/outgrowth area
and thus contributes towards transforming Surat to become a ‘Global City with Global Standards and
Values’. The declaration of the year 2005 as the Urban Development Year (Shaheri Vikas Varsh 2005) by
the State has enabled the city to initiate all-round developmental efforts.

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Population Growth: Surat city
has seen an unprecedented
growth in last four decades
recording one of the highest
growth rates in the country and a
10-fold population rise. The
City now ranks the 9th largest
city in the country. Coupled with
this the spillover of population
into periphery has also been
observed. From time to time
jurisdictional limits of SMC
have also been extended to
include the outgrowth. At
present SMC area is about 112
Sq. Kms. There are about 6.50 Lakh people (2001) reside in the immediate periphery of the city.
Surat Urban Area – Population Growth

Economic Base
The economic base of Surat consists of textile manufacturing, trade, diamond cutting and polishing
industries, intricate Zari works, chemical industries and the petrochemical and natural gas based industries at
Hazira established by leading industry houses such as ONGC, Reliance, ESSAR, and Shell. The City
accounts for:
42 % of the world’s total rough diamond cutting and polishing,
70 % of the nation’s total rough diamond cutting and polishing,
40 % of the nation’s total diamond exports,
40 % of the nation’s total man made fabric production,
28 % of the nation’s total man made fibre production
18 % of the nation’s total man made fibre export, and
12 % of the nation’s total fabric production.
As estimated (1997-98) the industrial sector in the city contributed a gross amount of Rs.14667 million to
SMC as taxes, Rs.27512 million as Excise Duty, Rs.6050 million as Income Tax and Rs.6976 million as
Sales Tax.
The region is one of the leading city-regions in the country that has attracted massive investments of which
substantial proportion is under implementation. According to CMIE 2002, the Surat City region has a
proposed investment of about Rs. 11,817 Crores. In addition projects worth Rs. 2,022 Crores are under
implementation. Hazira and SEZ are major focal points for growth. Given these, the prospects of rapid
growth continuing is bright.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 2


Income Distribution
The city is experiencing rapid growth in economy, which is dominated by labor-intensive activities. This
character reflects distinct demographic characteristics. Being dominated by migrant labor from eastern India,
in Gujarat and parts of Maharashtra, the demography exhibits a low sex ratio, growth of informal settlements
characterized by high density and associated public health risks. The reflection of this is also visible on cities
income distribution.
The distribution of incomes in Surat relates to the
Household Income Distribution in Select Cities
120
quality of its work force Vis-a-Vis comparable
100
cities. Around 60 % earn less than Rs 25000 a year
% D i s t r ib u t i o n

80
or about Rs. 70 per day. While the incomes are
60 higher than the standard poverty levels, it needs
40 mention that the cost of living in Surat if not equal
c
20 to Mumbai is at least close to it. This is one of the
0
< 25 25 to 50 to 75 to 100 to 150 to > 200
reasons for the growth in informal settlements.
50 75 100 150 200 This also means additional responsibility on the
Bangalore
Rs in '000
Ahmedabad Surat
part of the City Government to provide for
services at affordable cost.

CITY ASSESSMENT
City Strengths and Opportunities: The resourceful and inclusive city of Surat with a dynamic local authority
thrives for excellence to become a dominant player in the national and global scenario. Its distinct social and
economic character is its major strength. Its strength lies in its diverse economic base, conducive
environment for industrial growth provided by responsive local administration, entrepreneurial skill of
people, peoples’ willingness to accept other people belonging to different culture and sustained growth over
four decades. While Surat is seen as an alternative to Mumbai as a place of residence, at the same time it is
also a weakness that it is located in between two metro cities namely Mumbai and Ahmedabad. The major
weakness of the city is lack of educational institutions to respond to local institutional demand. Large
proportion of the population lives in slums in Surat as cost of living is quite high. Additional support from
ULB towards urban poor is a necessity. At the same time, the opportunity provided by the local
administration to enhance quality of life of the residents makes the city enterprising by creating conditions
for a safe living and business friendly environment. The recent development and growth of petrochemicals
and gas-based industries in the city region should be considered as an opportunity for further growth.
Potential for demand in terms of trade and transit services should be tapped for sustainable urban growth .

CITY SERVICES Infrastructure Status


The turnaround of the city of Surat happened after 100
90
the plague in 1994. This event reflected the ability of 80
% of Area Covered

local governance to turnaround and the support of 70


the citizens in transforming their city. This 60
50
transformation is an outcome of: ingenious 40
entrepreneurship skills of people of Surat and 30
20
commitments of the Central and the State 10
Governments. In the centre of all this transformation 0
process is the Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC).
SWM
Supply

Street
Sewerage

Road

Planning
Light
Water

Spatial

The quality of infrastructure in Surat reflects its high


quality governance. The levels of services post 1994
1995 2004
have enhanced the levels by improved operation and
maintenance and informed investments. The infrastructure growth in this city has kept pace with the growth
of population. Surat is an exemplary case study of post-plague resurgence, a result of improved and dynamic
urban governance and citizen support for reforms. Improved governance and financial management have
resulted in enhanced municipal financial capacity to invest in services and improved O&M. However, the
population, which has spilled over in the periphery is devoid of urban services even at basic level.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 3


CITY VISION
Surat city is gearing up for becoming a city with global presence in a well-planned and systematic way.
There is an awareness that the City needs to strategically decide its future growth direction. The people of
Surat articulate their aspirations in terms of their vision ‘Global City – Global Standards’ and the ‘FUTURE
CITY’ with Global Standards and Values’.
The city’s population with its continuing high rate of growth, is likely to double from the present 2.8 million
to 5.5 to 6.0 million by the year 2020. The forecasts are in the order of 3.5 and 4.1 Million by 2011 and
2016. The city’s economic base has to remain attractive and continuously upgrade quality of life of its
residents. In this light the strategic focus of the city has been structured around three elements:
Promoting Growth
Good Governance
Improved Service Delivery
The overarching objective of this strategy is to promote safety, security, and environmental quality.
The vision and strategies towards fulfilling these are summarised below.

SURAT VISION 2020


“A Global City with Global Standards -
A city that is competitive and offers a better quality of life”

Strategic Focus Overarching


Objectives
1. Promoting 1A Enabling Economic Development
It is important to create an enabling environment for trade, industry and
Growth business to flourish by adopting a judicious mix of policies, incentives, A Safe and
tariff structure, assured power supply, access to the serviced land, Sustainable City
creation of markets and high quality affordable infrastructure, An enterprising and
recognizing the existing large scale informal trade and cheap labour inviting city by
availability. creating a safe living
and business friendly
1B Improve Connectivity environment
Improve connectivity through a combination of high-speed, strategic
links via air, expressways and waterways and advanced information
2. Good technology / communications networks for global positioning. Improve
Governance Environmental
Quality
2A Managing Urban Growth Pollution-free, clean
To make the city enterprising and inviting by creating a business friendly and green
environment environment by
managing pollution. A
2B Strengthening Urban Governance cleaner river and
Strengthening governance to promote growth and effective service sustained efforts
delivery towards natural
resource
2C Inter Agency Coordination management and
3. Improved Inter-departmental Coordination within SMC and coordination with other energy efficiency in
agencies and state government policies and incentives internal systems
Service Delivery
3A Access to Basic Services
Improve access to basic services for the poor and set up a demand
responsive service delivery mechanism to foster growth

3B Mass Rapid Transit


Improved, fast and affordable public transport

3C Road Network Improvements


Improved transportation system and networks for better intra-city
commuting

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 4


The City has initiated actions to update its medium term financial framework to prioritize investment and
related policy interventions. The consultations with stakeholders would continue and form the basis for
operational decisions. It is also important to note that the overarching objectives for the entire exercise are
making Surat a safe and sustainable city by improving environmental quality.
City Investment Plan: With the support of the State and the Centre, there have been initiatives to develop a
Gems and jewellery Park, an apparel park. A SEZ is being developed in Surat. Efforts to strengthen
education sector is also underway. Similarly proposals towards development of regional transportation
systems in the form of airport, high-speed highway corridor are also being pursued at different levels.
Towards delivery of urban core functions, i.e provision of basic amenities and facilities of a quality to make
city competitive, the city has envisaged a host of projects under several heads which have been summarized
below.
Some redistribution in the outlay is being considered with the period extending upto 2012. The projects
identified here are part of continuous planning and consultative process based on a certain vision for the city.
Total planned investments are of the tune of Rs. 4968 crores in the city and Rs. 2,517 crores in the periphery
(Rs. 7485.42 Crores over 7 years). The proposal, in addition to standard urban infrastructure components,
also includes projects such as Tapi Riverfront Development, Heritage Conservation, Canal Road
Development (express corridor), Gopi Talao Re-development and Alia-bet Island Development.
Out of the projects outlined below, projects listed as 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 16 and 21 specifically address the
needs of the poor in the city by providing basic infrastructure, housing and community development works.
The projects listed as numbers 1-11, 19, 20, 21 have potentials for developing (partially or fully) as public-
private partnership project in the planning, execution and operation of the systems. The City under the
JNNURM Framework wherein 70% of the urban infrastructure and governance related investment is funded
by way of GoI and GoG capital grants proposes these investments. The rest of the 30% and investment on
social infrastructure will need funding through own sources or user contributions and borrowings.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 5


Investment Plan:
Summary of Identified Projects

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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 6


INVESTMENT VIABILITY
In determining a long-term financial strategy, the city plans to raise resources through:
Accessing the grants available under the JNNURM Framework (as % of identified
investment in Urban Governance and infrastructure sectors - 50% Central Govt. Grants and 20% State
Govt. Grants)
Funds devolved by the GoG based on the recommendations of the State Finance
Commission
Revision of the Annual Rateable Value at certain levels
Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific intervals
Transfer of water and sewerage tax to the respective account heads
Maintaining the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum levels for
the present and for arrears.
Underlying the major assumptions, a few basic assumptions for growth in property tax assessment, growth
in other taxes and miscellaneous income, as well as changes in the main expenditure heads have been made,
including general administration, establishment, O & M, debt servicing, etc. In the existing framework
SMC is the core agency implementing projects. SUDA is the agency overseeing developmental activities in
the periphery. The proposal is to expand jurisdictional limits of SMC to include outgrowth areas. However,
FOP have been developed separately as per the existing arrangement.
In case of SMC, investments in sectors of sewerage, sanitation and storm water drains are envisaged in the
first three years and those in the other sectors are envisaged. It has been assumed that by enhancing the
collection performance and widening the tax base, SMC would be able to sustain the entire identified
investment, of Rs. 4968.18 Crores (Rs. 5996.44 Crores at current prices). The actual investment
sustainability of SMC under the assumptions made and funding structure is 145% of the identified
investment i.e., about Rs. 7204 Crores. In the absence of JNURM grants, the sustainability of SMC falls to
95%.

In case of SUDA recommended investment is Rs. 2517.25 Crores. It may be noted that, under the
assumptions made, and the available resources for funding SUDA records 45% sustainability. That is SUDA
can sustain 45% of the identified investment of Rs. 2517 Crore amounting to Rs. 1133 Crores. Though
during the intial four years, it was observed that the operating surpluses would not be available, SUDA
would be able to tide over the situation in the next financial year at the indicated sustainability figure of 45%
while continuing to maintain overall surpluses during all the years.
SUDA will need to find additional resources to the tune of Rs. 1385 Crores in the form of grants or
own sources to fund the remaining 55% of the identified investment. At this juncture, it however
needs mention that SMC has indicated excess sustainability to the tune of Rs. 2234 Crores.
Considering the possibility of SMC area getting extended to include parts of SUDA area under its
jurisdiction in the near future, a framework of implementation between SMC and SUDA to take up
the remaining investment is suggested. It also needs mention that the FOP for SMC indicated
sustainability for Rs. 7204 Crores, which is marginally less than the combined investment
requirement of SMC and SUDA of Rs. 7485 Crores. In which case an appropriate project funding
and revenue sharing mechanism between SMC and SUDA will project a combined sustainability
much higher than the total identified investment of Rs. 7485 Crores. Such cooperation and
association between SMC and SUDA in the backdrop of JNNURM framework will assist them in
maintaining a healthy financial condition and further provide the leverage to take up additional
investments towards creation of better infrastructure for its ever growing populace.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 7


Year. At the State level several
!"# initiatives have been made in line with
URIF framework. The State Urban
! $" Slum Policy, State Hawkers Policy and
State Urban Transport Policy are under
#%" & # various stages of finalizeation. As part

11.1 BACKGROUND
Cities play a critical role in the economic development process
of the nation. They are the engines of economic growth and
places of high productivity. They contribute more than the
proportionate share towards the regions income. For instance,
Surat district alone contributes to about Rs. 700 Crores to the
state as through sales tax, over Rs 3000 Crores and Rs. 8500
Crores through as Excise duty and Income Tax respectively 2002
and 2003. This clearly demonstrates that to sustain high rates of
economic growth, cities have to be made productive and
competitive. In a globalizing scenario, the role of the cities is
even more pronounced. With no barriers, attractiveness of a city
as an investment destination depends on the quality of
infrastructure, social safety and connectivity. Ultimately,
improved quality of life in our city would depend on our ability
to compete successful y with other city-regions and to provide
the necessary foundations for growth. Competitive businesses
and industries are going to result in employment and increased
revenues to the local government. To achieve this objective of
being the most appropriate choice of investment/ residence, there
is a need to strategically position our city strengths.
While cities generate more than proportionate share of States’
income, they also pose certain challenges. The challenges relate
to providing access to serviced land for housing the urban poor,
provision of basic amenities and facilities and a system to plan
and manage these. Hence urban investments in economic,
physical and social infrastructure at adequate levels are a
prerequisite. In recognition of these the state has initiated a series
of reforms in urban governance. A greater emphasis was laid
when the state declared the year 2005 as Urban Development

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 1


of this, cities have prepared City Development Strategies/Plan 1.3 PREVIOUS CITY PLANNING
which outlined vision, strateties to achieve the vision and time PROCESS IN SURAT
bound action plans. The City Development Strategy/Plans were
Surat City went through substantial
prepared through consultative process for all major cities.
transformation after the Plague of
1994. Rejuvenated civic sense amongst
1.2 CITY DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS
the citizens of Surat, efficient
The process of preparation of City Development Strategy began administration, focused planning and
in the year 1998 with initiation of series of consultations. The governing reforms were continued to
outcome of these consultations was synthesized to form a City convert the threat to the city into an
Development Strategy in February 2003. The strategic plan opportunity. City development
involves articulating a clear vision for the city over the next 20 strategies were one such planning
years with the active participation of the stakeholders and exercise that was initiated involving
subsequently implementing the vision articulated by them. For the people of Surat.
effective implementation, the City Development Plan (CDP)
works as Medium-term plan focusing on priority projects. 1.3.1 CITY DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGIES
VISION 2020
The National Urban Renewal Mission gives the city an The Surat Municipal Corporation
opportunity to carry this initiative forward and place the reform (SMC) took up the project of devising
process on a higher plane. This would also be an opportunity for “City Development Strategies” for the
the city to undertake a mid-course assessment and reposition its long term and short term planning of
priorities with changing needs within the JNNURM framework. the city in the year 2000. The purpose:
a more focussed and better use of
A City Development Plan is a perspective of and a vision for the resources through clarity in mission
future development of a city. Essentially it addresses following and long-term goals of SMC. The main
questions: objective of the project was to develop
Where are we now? Surat into a “Model City” through a
definite Strategic Plan, covering all
Where do we want to go? sectors of services with short term
What do we need to address on priority basis? (next 5 years) and long term (up to
What interventions do we make in order to attain the vision? 2021 A.D.) plans.
As discussed above, strategic planning has to be action oriented
IDENTIFICATION OF SECTORS AND
and linked to tactical and operation planning in order to be
SERVICES
effective. Thus a medium-term plan commonly known as City
In January 2000, the Surat Municipal
Development/Corporate Plan is prepared for the initial 8 years.
Corporation (SMC) successfully
The plan will set out in detail the priority projects, outline the
conducted the workshop on "City
tasks to be undertaken and give investment options ahead. The
Development Strategies" with Surat
plan also proposes a Financial Operating Plan for the period
State Government Officials, Municipal
based on the long-term financial vision and high priority
Councillors and leading NGOs. The
investment requirements.
workshop was aimed to exchange the
The Plan is an iterative process and focuses on the key services views on "the exquisite formulation of
as identified in the Visioning exercise. As envisaged, the plan is the City Development Strategies
anchored on the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal (CDS)". Sectors and Services were to
Mission (JNNURM) goal of creating economically productive, be identified for short term and long
efficient, equitable and responsive cities. Among the agencies term planning of the City Development
the Surat Urban Local Body (Surat Municipal Corporation), the Strategies. Accordingly, SMC defined
apex-planning agency is important as it takes care of major the sectors/ services to be covered for
developmental activities in the peripheral areas of SMC. The the City Development Strategies to
consideration is that in the near future these outgrowth areas nurture every citizen' s dream to make
either will be merged with SMC jurisdiction or a separate Surat as the "Model City of India". The
Municipal Corporation will be formed so that service delivery identified sectors/services are:
improves.
Finance

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 2


Taxes and duties:- direct tax, education cess, octroi
Accounts:- budgets, developments, fund mobilisation
Identification of new source of income
Infrastructure and Services
Public health:- hospitals, bio-medical waste and solid waste
management
Water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage
Roads, flyovers, street lights, Traffic regulatory system
Special project, Sports, Tourism, culture, parks and gardens,
Library
Slum upgradation
Environment / pollution control management
Fire services
Information technology/ EDP, Wireless control etc.
Town planning and town development
Education:- primary, secondary, higher
Disaster management system

Workshop on "City Development Strategies" conducted on 12th January 2000


at Indoor Stadium, Athwalines, Surat.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 3


STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS
This report outlines City Development
SMC has identified the stakeholders at zonal as well as election-
Plan (2006-2012) and it is divided in
ward level through meetings conducted at both the levels. The
three sections.
stakeholders include NGOs, government organisations (like
Police Department, Collectorate, GST, and GPCB etc.), Section I is an introduction to the city
commercial organisations, M.P., MLAs, municipal councillors, development plan, planning efforts in
Ex-MLAs, eminent citizens, technocrats and social workers. the city of Surat and socio-economic
profile of Surat City.
EVALUATION OF EXISTING SERVICES
In order to elicit the people’s responses in developing the future Section II is a situation analysis for
vision of the city and to measure the satisfaction level regarding various sectors such as urban basic
the existing services, SMC had distributed approximately 30000 services, physical planning, Roads and
copies of a questionnaire to the identified stakeholders. transportation, Education and Health,
Questionnaires were also sent to all the senior officials of the Slums and Housing, urban governance
SMC for their suggestions. Nearly 13 percent of the and Finance.
questionnaires were duly filled in by the stakeholders and Section III of the report outlines the
suggestions made were analysed. framework of Vision 2020 and
integrating it with sector wise issues,
SWOT ANALYSIS goals, strategies and action plans
The analysis of the filled in questionnaires made the SMC have a focusing on identification of projects,
close look at what it believed were the strengths and weaknesses their resources allocation and
together with the threats and opportunities it faced. implementation mechanism.
FUTURE PLANNING SCOPE
In order to realise the stature of a “Model City” and while taking This report is prepared placing the
into account the expectations of external and internal lending needs of Surat City in a holistic
agencies, which would finance the long-term development goals; perspective. However, in the peripheral
the city corporation felt the need for a short-term strategic outgrowth areas under SUDA, the
framework that will guide the long-term strategic plan. This availability of urban services is limited
short-term framework is otherwise called the CITY to a minimum, while the needs are
CORPORATE PLAN. All implementation plans will be based included in total to cover the entire
on the Corporate Plan only. The budgetary provisions, area.
development of financial and physical resources, augmentation
of existing services and development of new projects are planned
to be based on the Corporate Plan. The SWOT analysis carried
out by SMC also produced a set of core values which will act as
fundamental guidelines for the preparation of the Corporate Plan
and the ultimate measure of the plan’s success or failure.
Based on the SMC’s infrastructure analysis SUDA has also
identified the sectors and services to be improved for model city.

1.3.2 SURAT VISION 2020


Based on the first phase of City development strategies and its The set of Core Values:
sectoral analysis done by SMC and SUDA, an exercise to
Transparent Administration through
formalize Vision 2020 was launched in March – May 2004 with
Community Participation
the objective of positioning Surat as “Global City with Global
Standards”. This is the vision articulated by the citizens of Social Development
Surat, supported by the Government of Gujarat. Surat Vision Environmental Management
2020 took the shape of a public document and was inaugurated
by Shri Narendra Modi, Hon. Chief Minister of Gujarat on May
1, 2004. Section III of this report illustrates the Vision 2020 in
detail. Upon completion of one year, a progress review was done
with a stakeholder meeting organised on September 15, 2005
along with the Chamber of Comerce.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 4


!"# ' $# (% ) REGIONAL SETTING
The city of Surat is the commercial
*"% " & ! capital of the state and is of significant
importance to the country. The Arabian
Sea is to its west at a distance of about
2.1 CITY PROFILE 22 kilometres along the Tapi and about
16 kilometres by road. The city is a
2.1.1 HISTORY & GROWTH pivotal centre on the Ahmedabad-
Mumbai regional corridor as well as on
The city of Surat has glorious history that dates back to 300 BC.
the 225 km long industrial belt, having
The origin of the city can be traced to the old Hindu town of
direct linkages with the industrial
Suryapur, during 1500 – 1520 A.D., which was later colonised
urban centres of Vadodara,
by the Brigus or the King from Sauvira on the banks of River
Ankleshwar and Vapi. National
Tapi. In 1759, The British rulers took its control from the
Highway 8 passes within 16 km of the
Mughals till the beginning of the 20th century.
SMC boundary and is one of the
The city is located on the River Tapi and has about 6 km long busiest inter-state trunk routes in the
coastal belt along the Arabian Sea. Due to these reasons, the city country.
emerged as an important trade centre and enjoyed prosperity
Surat is located midway on the 500 km
through sea trade in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
long Ahmedabad-Mumbai western
Surat became the most important trade link between India and railway corridor and as many as forty
many other countries and was at the height of prosperity till the pairs of express, mail and passenger
rise of Bombay port in the 17th and 18th centuries. Surat was trains pass through it. The state
also a flourishing centre for ship building activities. The whole government has also established an
coast of Tapi from Athwalines to Dumas was specially meant for airstrip to facilitate smaller aircraft
ship builders who were usually Rassis. After the rise of the port landings but no domestic air service
at Bombay, Surat faced a severe blow and its ship building has been started yet.
industry also declined. During the post-independence period,
Surat has experienced considerable growth in industrial activities TOPOGRAPHY
(especially textiles) along with trading activities. Concentration The city lies at a bend of the River
of these activities combined with residential developments has Tapi, where its course swerves
resulted in considerable expansion of the city limits. suddenly from the north-east to south-
west. With the walled city at its centre,
EVOLUTION OF MODERN INDUSTRIES the city forms an arc of a circle, the
The evolution of the power loom and handloom sectors led to bends enclosed by its walls stretching
gradual growth of textile industries gradually. Another important for about a mile and a quarter along the
addition since the 1950' s is the diamond cutting and polishing bank. From the right bank of the river,
industry. In the last two decades, especially during the eighties the ground rises slightly towards the
large-scale industries have come up in Surat and its peripheries. north, but the height above mean sea
level is only 13 metres. The
This increased the importance of Surat in the regional context,
topography is controlled by the river
along with Baroda and Ahmedabad, specifically due to its
and the general slope is from north-east
location at the core of what is called the "Golden Corridor" of
to south-west.
industrial development. 2 The southern part of the city houses
the industrial complexes of Gujarat Industrial Development TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL
Corporation at Sachin and Diamond Nagar. Besides industrial The summers are quite hot with
potential, the city has fertile agricultural land irrigated by an temperatures ranging from 37.78 C to
itensive canal network. The combined effect of all these on the 44.44 C. The climate is pleasant
economic activities in the city and its outskirts have changed the during the monsoon while autumn is
otherwise small and quiet town into a bustling metropolis. temperate. The winters are not very
cold but the temperatures in January
range from 100 C to 15.50 C. The
average annual rainfall of the city has
been 1143 mm.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 5


Map 1: Important Places

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 6


Surat Urban Development Authority
- Population
2.2 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 6
6 9 6
. !
Surat is India's twelfth and Gujarat’s second most populous city 8 . !
7
(2001). It became a metropolis in 1991, along with eleven other . !
major cities across the country, by crossing thewith population of 9 9 9 9 9 9
more than one a million-population mark. Surat has experienced 9 9 9 9 9 9
very rapid population growth during the last 20 years. This rapid 9 9 9 9 9 9
growth in a very short time span is actually the hallmark of 9 9 9 9 9 9
Surat’s demographic trends.
Since the inception of SUDA (Surat
Surat Urban Agglomeration Urban Development Authority) in late
70s, the City is growing at a rapid
The city has been experiencing rapid growth in population pace; though the development in the
during past three decades, which is clear from the comparative peripheral areas was not that rapid until
chart given below depicting the population growth in three cities 2001. Decadal population growth rate
of Gujarat. The growth rates have been one of the highest in the between 1991-2001, did not result in
country. This consistently high rate of growth over three the horizontal urban sprawl; on the
successive decades has been a major feature in the city growth. contrary, it densified the core city
Along with this the needs for infrastructure the needs of areas, which were part of the municipal
augmentation have also arise rapidly. The peri-urban growth is a corporation. With the municipal area in
major cause of concern as about 4 lakh people reside in areas Surat reaching a density of 21677
with only a minimum level of urban services. persons/Sq kms, it is believed that the
+*%+ +*'+ +*(+ +*)+ +**+ #$$+ future development will take place
outside the municipal limits in the
.
urban development authority areas.
/ 0 12 3 )1+) )1+) 441)% %%1%' +++1+' ++#1#( This demographic fact makes the role
##4+)# #))$#' 5(+'%' (('%)4 +5*))+( #544()%
of SUDA very crucial in the coming
& #*1$% '41(% '51'% *4 '#14)
6 #(#)5 4%#++ +4*45 +4*(( +45)* #+'(( decades of development in the city.
7 *+' *+% ))( )%( )4* ((5

& & 5*4$$+ *+4)$' +%+)*%$ #)++5'5


& & & )%14' ''1## )%1$*
Surat City has seen an unprecedented growth in last three
decades and along with that the municipal boundaries have been
increasing. An exceptional decadal population growth rate of
85.09 percent in 1991-2001 suggest that the Surat City region
has to be planned in a broader perceptive and making it possible Comparison with other urban
for the city to capitalize on its thriving economic development. agglomeration in the State
The literacy rate has gone up from 63 percent in 1991 to 83 8 #$$+ 7&
percent in 2001 and the figures are well above that of the state.
Rapid inflow of population has continued. The sex ratio has & 1 1 5%+*#() 4'155 ))%
dropped down to an alarming figure of 774 in 2001 from 839 in 1 1 #)++5'5 )%1$* ('$
1991. : +5*#4*) 4#155 *$%
1 1
; 1 1 +$$#+'$ %41+# *$'
5
Surat Its Positioning and Growth
4.5
Population in M illion

4
3.5
The table given below places Surat
3
2.5
along with other urban agglomerations
2 in the Gujarat state. It clearly suggest
1.5 that Surat urban agglomeration has
1
Surat
Ahmedabad
highest decadal population growth rate
0.5
Vadodara
0

Census Year 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 7


and the lowest sex ratio directing towards tremendous increase
in the male migration in the city in last decade. This may have
happened due to employment opportunities in the manufacturing
and other sectors in Surat.
Note: Urban Agglomeration is a demographic category and it is not necessary
that population and area of urban agglomeration matches with that of the
urban development authority.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 8


< 2 = !" !> ! " , ,! /+**+3
2.3 URBAN ECONOMY < ; =
! ? #%$)
Sectoral Distribution of Employment Surat 1999-2000 @ 5#5$
@? ; - - 1 #(#$
Services . A B )(%
Transport 10.6 . - A >>
++4#%
4.6
. - A
Trade >>
#)4%')
commerc
& ? +($*(
e 24. Manufacturi
1 ng 53.
A *%)55
5 A
Constructi #4$#)
on 7.1 ? '('%*
*5')
Surat’s economy is characterized by large number of small and
#*%(')
medium unorganized industries. The industrial base is labour
#$4'#)
Intensive. As a result the level of unemployment is also low.
. ; %$))'5
However, the wages are also lower and the workers are generally
deprived of social and other benefits. . ; 45'#
& ; *)'5*+
Surat is known for its textile manufacturing, trade, diamond /! +**+3 +5*))+(
cutting and polishing industries, intricate zari works, chemical
industries and the gas based industries at Hazira established by Textile Industries
leading industry houses such as ONGC, Reliance, ESSAR, and Textiles is one of the oldest industries
Shell.
. , / 3
Its entrepreneurial skills are worth noting. The city without a 7
single location advantage successfully hosts a vibrant diamond 7 %$$
industry. The city has made an important position in the world
$15%
and national economy. The textile and diamond units of Surat
region contribute to: > 5$$
C ''+$
42 % of the world’s total rough diamond cutting and
polishing 6 A 4#'
6 A +4$
70 % of the nation’s total rough diamond cutting and
polishing #$$

40 % of the nation’s total diamond exports 6 $1$+

40 % of the nation’s total man made fabric production = %'


, - 4$$
28 % of the nation’s total man made fibre production
18 % of the nation’s total man made fibre export in the country and continue to be a
significant contributor to value of
12 % of the nation’s total fabric production industrial production, employment
generation and thus to national income.
Today Surat is one of the major industrial city contributing major An estimated 4 percent of GDP is
shares of output especially in diamond and textiles sector. The contributed from the sector. It adds to
entire industrial sector put together contributed a gross revenue about 30% of country’s export
income of Rs.2975.60 million to SMC in1997-98. Rs.18118 earnings while adding about 7 to 8% of
million in Excise Tax, Rs.2715 million in Income Tax and the gross import bill. Surat is a
Rs.4215.4 million in Sales Tax. The contribution, problems and dominant player in the textile sector.
prospects of each of these sectors have been briefly summarized The traditional handloom weaving
below: industry has given way to power-
looms, printing, and dyeing textiles.
Surat is one of the largest centres in the
world for production of synthetic fiber

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 9


fabrics, mainly nylon and polyester. The Indian Government’s import roughs from Diamond Trading
policy since 1956 of providing incentives and protection to Corporation, London and other sources
small-scale industries boosted the power-loom industry in the abroad and export cut and polished
diamonds. Added support came from
500000 the encouragement offered to small-
450000 scale industries during this time. By
400000
the late 1950s, about 100 diamond
No. of looms

300000 cutting and polishing units had been set


200000
200000 up. With the setting up of the Gems
100000 8105 19025 25488 and Jewelry Export Promotion Council
2282
in 1966, diamond exports received a
0 further impetus and consequently, the
Census
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 number of cutting and polishing units
Years
also increased. Coupled with ease of
city. Weavers took advantage of the incentives and converted establishing small-scale industries,
their handlooms into power-looms. At present, there are about various governmental policies aimed at
0.45 million power-looms (about 45,000 units) in the city region increasing the export of polished
and the sector provides for over 0.7 million jobs in Surat. diamonds aided the growth of such
units in the city. During the 60s,
Textile processing units are the major backbone of the Surat exports in polished diamonds grew 14
city’s economy. Each unit, with a turnover of nearly Rs.5.0 times! In the early 1970s, there were
crores, produces about 35,000 to 1.5 lakh meter of Sari and dress about 1,200 units, employing 20,000
materials every day. Textitle units mainly depend on ground workers. In the early 1990s, the
water for its processing and withdraws about 700 to 1000 cubic number of units was estimated at
meter of water every day.With about 60 thousand shops and 13,000, providing employment to more
establishments, the trading activity in general, textiles in specific than 100,000 workers.
acts as major generator of employment and income.
Like textiles, diamond cutting and
An Apparel Park has also been planned in the city for production polishing is also a labour intensive
and export facilities to be under one roof and to give a face-lift to industry employing about 2,50,000
the textile industry. Major industrial concentrations within the workers or 50 percent of 0.5 million
city are found in the east and south zones of the corporation. workers, in about 10,000 units
operating within the city limits. India’s
Diamond Cutting and Polishing first private Special Economic Zone
has been functioning near Sachin in
No. of Diamond Polishing

25000
22000 Surat since November 2000. From
20000
13000 household industry base, over the
years, the structure of the industry has
Units

15000

10000 5667 changed to small, medium and large-


1200
scale units. Technical advancements
5000
100 500 have also contributed to improved
0 productivity. However, as a result,
Years 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 though output increased 5 times during
the last 10 years, there has not been
any significant increase in jobs. The
Surat is one of the world’s largest centers for diamond
industry requires a low capital base, is
processing. The emergence of the industry in the region which
non-polluting, high on employment
did not have raw material, markets or worker base is a significant
generation and is a leading contributor
feat. Even majority of the entrepreneurs are from outside. Still
to foreign exchange reserve. Export
the industry has flourished. Initially the industry began largely as
value increased from a mere Rs. 110
an initiative of few individuals belonging to a particular
million in 1966-7 to 32,0000 millions
community which has now expanded to large section of the
in 2002-03.
society.
Under the Import Replenishment Scheme introduced by the
Government of India in 1958, diamond traders were allowed to

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 10


Developments at Hazira
The establishment of large industrial giants like Reliance, Essar
Steel, KRIBHCO, ONGC, NTPCL etc on the outskirts of the city
in the Hazira industrial complex has changed the industrial
scenario in the region. These industries have come up in and
around Surat for example, a major port at Hazira, petro-chemical
refinery, natural gas, cement, steel plants etc., with a total
investment of about Rs. 1,00,000 million. Projects in the field of
nuclear, heavy water and space research are also under
implementation. Although these are capital-intensive industries,
their employment potential is limited. These industries are
together estimated to employ only about 5,500 persons.
However, the ancillary industries and other related activities are
likely to exacerbate further pressure on the infrastructure and
services in Surat. The latest development in the city is the
Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal at Hazira near Magadalla Port.

Zari Industries
The silver and gold brocade (zari) industry, embroidery, and
weaving of textiles in Surat have a 300-year old history. Since
the 1980s, the industry got some boost due to growing exports.
There are about 6,610 zari units that employ approximately
15,000 workers. Difficulties in availability of skilled labour, high
cost of raw material, outdated technology and changing
preferences of the consumers have led to a severe contraction of
the industry. Innovations through improvements in technology,
alternative product design and development may enable long-
term sustenance of the industry.

GIDC Industrial Estates


There are several industrial estates established by the Gujarat
Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) in and around the
city like Pandesara, Khatodara, Udhana, Katargam, Sachin and
Bhestan. Textiles, chemicals and diamond are major units
located in these estates.

Prospects
, , ? /. 13 "
#(#4) )441% +5%')%
. A @ 4)' +#'44%1* *$$$$
, +44 ++##$1$ +5#45
This region is one of the leading city-regions in the country that
has attracted massive investments of which substantial
proportion is under implementation. According to CMIE 2002,
the Surat City region has proposed investment of about Rs.
11,817 crores, and projects worth another Rs. 2,022 are under
implementation. Hazira and SEZ are major focal points for
growth.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 11


2.4 POPULATION FORECASTS 1 6 =
" % " & ( 9 9
The exercise of population projections takes in account the " % " & ( 9 9
recent high growth of economy and population along with the " % " 9 9
existing migration pattern in the city. , ' * ") B
2" " "3 0 9 9
From the analysis above it is evident that the city economy will 2" " "3 , 9
continue grow and attract large nuber of migrants from Orissa, < % 9 9
Saurastra and other parts of the contry. However, in the longterm "% "
the growth rates are likely to stabilise. Development of Orissa, < % "3 B
Saurastra, satuaration of existing low uality jobs etc., are , ' "3 " % " B
possible sources of this decrease in the migration rate. Keeping '% " + * "
: % "3 " % " B
these in context three scenarios have been developed. '% " + * "

Continued High Growth Scenario:


The first scenario estimates with an assumption that population Surat Population Projections
growth rate will oderately with trends at the state level. But $% " % " "C " D " % "
given high rate experienced in the past four decades the base rate ! >
will still high. 8 .

Population Stabilisation:
The second scenarion assumes decline in the overall rate of
growth towards the assumption that the state’s population growth
will stabilise in the next four decades, a decade sooner than
stabilasation period for the nation.

Population Stabilisation plus Reduced Migration Scenario:


In addition to the second scenario, it is expected that other
regions which are sending igrants to Surat will develop and or
other regions will become destinations for migration and hence
further reduction in the growth rate. With proposed peripheral
ares to be merged under SMC jurisidiction, the population
presented below will be the target service population for this
plan.
& "C '(
Population Growth Composition
The projections given in the CDP are of Surat Urban #$#+
'*15) %)14* '41*5
/ 3
Agglomeration. However, as per the data availability for the
SMC area, refer the table: It is observed that the annual
& "C '(
migration rate of increase of population in the city is estimated to
be 3.5% to 4%.

Population Projections - SURAT U.A.


Map 2:
100 Industries in
Population in Lakhs

90
80 Surat
70
60 High
50 Growth
40 Stabilisatio
30 n
20 Reduced
10
0 Migration
11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

91

01

11

21

31
ar
Ye

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

20

20

20

20
s
su
en
C

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 12


Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 13
Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 14
+ ,-
., ", / + +

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 15


!"# 0"
#%" & 1 & 2 !
3 " "& 3
3.1 URBAN SPRAWL OVER THE YEARS
The city was originally established on the southern bank of the
River Tapi with a castle on the eastern bank of the river. A
customhouse was on the southern side of the castle. The
activities were concentrated within the inner wall, construction
of which was started in the year 1664. The area of the city at this
time within the wall was 178 hectares. The entrance to the
walled city area was through twelve gates: to the south were the
Navsari and Majura gates and on the west, the Mecca and
Badshahi gates and along the riverfront, the Dacca Dwara or
Custom House Water gate, Mirbehar and Lati gate. The
construction of the entire wall was completed in the year 1707
enclosing an area of 736 hectares.
Surat witnessed the development of its suburbs Udhna, Athwa
and Fulpada during the beginning of the 20th century. The
physical expansion of the town was radial and rapid along five
major corridors on the north, south, east, west and south-west till
the end of 80’s.
Since the 90’s the city has been growing rapidly on the eastern,
southern and south-western sides wherein large chunks of
residential localities were developed under the SUDA area.
The Land Use pattern of the city indicates large parcels of
agricultural lands in the Ved area of North zone and in the
wards- Jahangirabad and Jahangirpura of West zone. The growth
pattern is clearly demarcated with the industrial locations.
Industrial location within SMC area along the main railway line
from Mumbai to Ahmedabad has attracted major residential
development during the past two decades and new industrial
developments on the southern side near Sachin has also been
vital in the growth of the city in the southern direction.
Surat today is an outcome of the expansion of the city’s limits at
various intervals. Presently, Surat covers an area of 112.28 sq.
km.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 16


The provision suggested in 74th
Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992,
3.2 PLANNING PROCESS are already adopted in the Surat
The planning process for the city of Surat is governed by the Municipal Corporation, wherein the
Gujarat Town Planning and Urban Development Act, 1976 liability to prepare Development Plan
under the provisions of which the Surat Urban Development as well as Town Planning Scheme is
Authority prepares the development plan for the entire area of shouldered by SMC.
SUDA including the area under the Surat Municipal Expansion of city limits (SMC area)
Corporation. With this SMC is left with the preparation of Town
Planning Schemes for the area under its jurisdiction based on the
development plan prepared by SUDA. 8
/ 012 3
/ 0 1 ; 13
Formal urban planning was started for the city in 1960 when the +''5 , < +1() &
first Development Plan of Surat was prepared. The Development +($( )1+) '15$
Plan of the city was then revised for the additional area included +*'4 . ! #+1*% +41((
+*(+ . ! 441)$ ++1)%
in the city limits at a later stage. The Development Plans of the
+*(% . ! %%1%' #+1('
Rander and Adajan, which were included within the SMC limits +*)' . ! +++1+' %%1'$
on February 2, 1970, were sanctioned by the government as in +**5 . ! ++#1#) +1+#
1961 and 1969 respectively.
Land USE: revised development plan
3.2.1 DEVELOPMENT PLANS Suda - 2004 (SUDA Area)
With the establishment of the Surat Urban Development 6
Authority (SUDA) the development plan for its entire area @ 6 ?
(including SMC’s area) was prepared, as provided under the / 3
/ 3
Gujarat Town Planning and Urban Development Act, 1976.
+ *)$'1+) %(1%4
The planning area besides the area within the SMC includes 148 # ! 5+%1(# #155
villages of Choryasi, Kamrej, Palsana and Olpad taluka.The
4 , 4$#415$ +(1(5
urban sprawl has already been started outside of Surat city limits,
" A
along the radial roads and different corridors such as Udhana 5 %(*1)# 415$
corridor, Dindoli corridor, Rander – Adajan – Olpad corridor, % A +$'1'+ $1'#
Nana – Varachha – Kamrej corridor etc.
' +%'+15+ *1+)
-C 6 6 6 ( : 1 1 1 1
#$$5
+*() +**% ) +%%$1$$ *1$*
+ +($541$$ +$$1$$
# !
* & %%+%(1$$
4 ,
5 " (##$$1$$
Source: Revised Development Plan, SUDA
%

' A
!
(

This plan was sanctioned in 1986. The revised development plan


for the SUDA area was submitted to the Government in 1998,
which was sanctioned on 2/9/2004. The land use details as per
the Revised Development plan (SUDA) is shown in the adjacent
table.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 17


Map 3: Revised Development Plan 2004

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 18


Map 4: SUDA area – Phased wise development

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 19


3.2.2 TOWN PLANNING SCHEMES Details of town planning schemes
within SMC area (2005)
Within the SMC, a full-fledged Town Planning Department
carries out the physical planning of the city. SUDA has a 1 -
1 1
separate planning cell which looks after the Town planning /> 3
schemes in the peripheral areas. SMC-SUDA is working towards +
=
+' #+)%1*+
utilizing the town planning schemes as a mechanism to its full
potentials. # +4 +5#%1*+
For the implementation of the Development Plan of the city at
6 -
micro level, SMC has initiated the preparation of Town Planning 4 #' #)4(15)
Schemes. A total of 63 T.P. Schemes have been prepared by the 6 -
Corporation, which comprise almost 90 percent of the total SMC 5 ? 1 + )41$
land area. This includes schemes prior to the formation of -
SUDA, out of which the government has already finalised 16 % ( )$414'
T.P. Schemes. The entire area within the SMC, thus is covered
'4 (44%1''
by T.P.Schemes. The remained portion is river, creek, areas
wholly under industrial houses or Housing Board/govt. land, * Details of the TP Schemes are presented in
the Annexure.
which cannot be put under Town planning scheme.
SUDA has also taken initiatives of preparing the town planning
schemes in the outgrowth of the city outside SMC limits. There Details of town planning schemes
are total 68 town planning schemes being considered in the within SUDA area (2005)
SUDA area and are at various stages of completion. These 1 -
1 D
schemes are covering about 6,348 hectares of areas in the SUDA > 1
jurisdiction outside the municipal area. SUDA is also gearing up $ / +
for the implementation of these town-planning schemes and + +
provide basic amenities to the population living outside the $ " ', 3
municipal areas. $ +
, 3 $ +
Surat city can boast of the effective utilization of the town % .+ ' & "
planning scheme mechanism. With total of about 13680 hectares *" + 3"
of the usable urbanising land is covered under the town planning " *(
scheme mechanism in the municipal as well as peripheral area. $ + % '
"
Besides, The Town Planning Department at SMC is also " " '2
involved in other task related to planning. According to the $ +
needs of the city/corporation in line with the proposals of D.P. 2"
and T.P. Schemes, the department is involved in *Excluding Gamtal Area

Land acquisition,
Roads alignment,
Land and estate management
Allotment of tenements, staff quarters, shops, offices of
municipal properties;
Issuing license/ rights for hoarding, kiosks, hawking zone
scheme, pay and park scheme etc.;
Allotment of alternate provision of plot/ shop

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 20


Map 5: Town Planning Schemes (SMC)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 21


Map 6: Town Planning Schemes(SUDA)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 22


OPERATING PLAN (URBAN
3.3 EMERGING ISSUES GROWTH MANAGEMENT/
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING)
Outgrowth in the Periphery
As observed, about 6 lakhs people live in areas with only
minimum levels of basic services. These areas are unplanned and Institutions
unserviced and are in a poor environmental condition. SUDA
Surat Municipal Corporation
Urban land management to be improved Town Planning Department
While ineffective urban land management in the past has
Voluntary organizations and NGOs
resulted in the unregulated private sector exploiting land
resources like water bodies, open spaces etc., rapid growth in Citizens’ Council/ Groups
population has increased the pressure on land significantly. In
the absence of physical constraints to the growth of the city, it is
found that development towards the peripheral areas has been
haphazard. This has also led to several litigations and court
cases, delaying the land acquisition process. Further the
congestion in the Central Business District (CBD) of the City
presently is due to non-application of any specialized land use
planning techniques in the past. It is imperative that the growth
of the city be directed in manner that improves the urban form
and function of the city.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 23


Water supply – Existing situation
!"# 0"
> 8 #$$%
* 1 0" - / 01; 3 ++#1#(5
?
+$)1*$
( " / 0 12
-
3
? *(1$$
? / ; 3 #'1'+
4.1 WATER SUPPLY - ? *%1$$
/
'(4#
At present SMC is serving about 97 percent of its total populated - 3 /. @63
area and 95 percent of its population. The area, which is not /
%)$#
- 3 /. @63
served, is mostly made up of agricultural land within the SMC
/ 3 +*%
limits. Apart from these tThe areas still to be covered with piped
water supply are parts of Nana varachhaVarachha, Bamroli,
Adajan and a part of LimbayatJahangirpura-Jahangirabad, Quantity of water supply Daily
Limbayat, Ved, Dabholi, etc. These areas are at present being B /. @63
served by water tankers owned by SMC. The work of laying of 6 %$%
pipeline network has already been started in these places, the !
#$
work of laying of remaining pipeline network is either under ,
progress at present or would be starting soon, which will make ,
, , %%
100 percent population and populated area coverage of the city
@ %)
under water supply network, a reality in coming years. The
corporation also caters to the water supply demand of the
floating population. At present gross 195 lpcd is being supplied
to the population of the city. Due to the construction of Rander
Water Works, water supply pipeline grid has been formed, which
will ensure that there would be no disruption of water supply in The drainage area of the River Tapi above the
any part of the city. dam site is 62225 sq. km.
The total supply from WVarachha and Sarthana
For the areas outside the municipal corporation (SUDA area), Water Works is 180 MLD and from Katargam
there is no systemic water supply system. The drinking water is Water Works is 260 MLD. Supply from Rander
fetched from open wells or from various water supply scheme Water Works is 140 MLD.
implemented by GWSSB (Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage
Board). SUDA is also planning water supply schemes in the Pal
and Vesu areas.

4.1.1 SOURCES OF WATER


The city exploits both ground and surface sources of water, but
90 percent of the gross daily water supply is from surface
sources. The main source of water for the city is the River Tapi.
The main source of surface water for the city is the river Tapi.
To harness the river basin for flood control, irrigation and power
generation, a weir at Kakrapar in the lower basin and the Ukai
dam on the upper basin were constructed in the year 1954 and
1972, respectively. The Ukai Dam is situated about 100 km
upstream of the city of Surat. Electricity boards and irrigation
authorities regulate the releases from the barrage. The water
released from the Ukai dam, is drawn at WarrachaVarracha,
Sarthana, Katargam and Rander Water Works for treatment.
These are four major water works on the banks of Tapi. Water
Works at Rander is completed and commissioned in January
2003.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 24


The lower Tapi project that comprised a masonry weir at Average Yield and installed capacity
Kakrapar and two canals, one on the right bank, 65 km long and of Various Surface Sources (2005)
the other on the left bank, 100 km long, both having a command
area of 214490 ha, was initiated in 1954. , ? 8
< < ; ! 1
The Tapi meets the Arabian Sea at a distance of about 17 /. @63 /. @63 ! 1
2 < < ; /+**'E**3
km from the city. The effect of the high tide is observed up
#5$ #'$ +$)
to about 30 km from the mouth of the river. : < < ; F
A weir at Singanpore was constructed in 1995 to prevent ') & *($
seawater intrusion into the river and to create a water body < < ;
+#$ +#$ +$$
a pondage for ensuring water supply during lean periods.
< < ; D
GROUND WATER SOURCES #$$ +5$ ($
The general practice of using ground water in addition to the / -
'#) %#$D )#
municipal supply has lead to the existence of bore wells in 3
D < < - #$$ . @6
almost every dwelling unit o f the city. E +#$ . @6
The total number of tube wells for water supply in the city is 41. G
- ?
At Sarthana water works, there are 25 tube wells. All these tube ? 1
wells are not being used now and they have become obsolete as
maintenance of these has become far more expensive as
compared to their output.

GROUND WATER POTENTIAL , ? 8


In Chorasi taluka of Surat district, total groundwater recharge < < ; ! 1
amounts to 330 MLD, out of which the allocation for domestic /. @63 /. @63 ! 1
and industrial requirements is about 50 MLD. This is far below : < < ;
the city’s future requirement. -
, - #) $ $
It is observed that the ground water level generally rises to 2-5 <
meters below ground level during the monsoon (June to < /+'3 % $ $
October). During the rest of the year, the ground water level $ $ $
< < ;
drops down to below 5 meters and even up to 10 meters at some = < + 5% #$ 5%
locations. Water table in the city, which was 18 metres below = < # 5% 5$ )*
ground level in 1991, has gone down to 20 meters in 2000. < /#%3 +$ $ $
*$ '$ '(
D/
*$D '$ '(
YIELD FROM SURFACE AND GROUND SOURCES < 3
The installed capacity of surface water sources is mostly utilized D6 ? E
1
at present. The contribution from the ground sources is only 7 1
about 10 percent in the daily total water supply to the city. The
system of ground water sources has become old now and the ? A , /#$$%3
main reason for the reduced yield of ground water appears to be , ? 8
the silting of ground water sources after the construction of the ! 1
Singanpore weir. The yield of French well no. 1 has substantially /. @63 /. @63 ! 1
reduced and it is under maintenance. At present surface water - '#) %#$ )#
sources contribute 90 percent of the daily water supply. *$ '$ '(
(+) %)$ )$
It has become a need of the hour now
to recharge the rainwater to the
maximum possible extent in order to
lift the depleted ground water level and
to improve its quality.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 25


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Map 7 : Water Supply

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 26


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Water treatment facilities


4.1.3 TREATMENT FACILITY 6 < ;
< ;
The treatment of water is carried out at Varachha, Katargam, 1 ! !
/ 3
/. @63 . @6 /#$$%3
Sarthana and Rander Water Works. At Varachha Waterworks, F
+ : ') &
three water treatment plants (WTP- II & III) with a total design # +#$ +#$
capacity of 50 were installed in 1993 to treat water extracted 4 2 #5$ #'$
from the River Tapi. At Katargam 120 MLD capacity WTP was 5 D #$$ +5$D
commissioned in year 1997 and this capacity was increased to
240 MLD in year 1999. A 120 MLD capacity WTP was
commissioned in year 2000 at Sarthana, followed by 200 MLD
capacity WTP commissioned recently in January 2003 at .
Rander. All these WTPs are equipped with most modern
facilities, which have latest kind of instrumentation devices and The total treatment capacity at present is 628
pneumatically operated valves. At present, work for proposed MLD against a total supply of 540 MLD.
200 MLD water treatment plant is under progress at Sarthana
Water Works. This plant will be run automatically by SCADA -
" 9
System. < /. @ .
; @ 3 /. @63
Under the water supply monitoring mechanism, hourly check for < < ;
turbidity, residual chlorine content is done at the source. A : 441$% &
chemical analysis and bacteriological test is done daily. At #*1%$ +)$
intermediate levels a residual chlorine content check is carried 2 '(1% #'$
out in each supply. At the consumer end the residual chlorine + #+1$$ +5$
content check in each supply area and the bacteriological test are < 6
2 5(1#% &
carried out as needed. The treatment constitutes of pre-
4'1$$ &
chlorination, alum/PEC dosing mixing, clariflocculation, 2 5(1#% &
filtration and post chlorination. ##1%$ &
4+1%$ &
4.1.4 STORAGE, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION H 5%1$$ &
5'1%$ &
Water from Sarthana is transmitted to the underground sumps at 6 ##1%$ &
Varachha Dumbhal and Khatodara Water Distribution Stations. ++1#% &
The water from the surface water treatment plant and tube wells @I 5'%1$% %)$
1
at Varachha is also stored in the underground sumps. From the Work for the 225 lakhs litres capacity UGSR is
overhead tanks, water is transmitted to Umarwada, Khatodra and in progress at present at Sarthana & Rander
WW.
Chowk Bazar distribution stations. The same two mains are used 2
Work for 110 Lakh litres capacity UGSR is in
for distributing water to three of the four water zones viz., east, progress at present at Udhna WDS.
north and south. The west zone receives water from the Khatodra 3
Work for 72 Lakh litres capacity UGSR is in
distribution station at present but will be catered by newly progress at present at Dunbhal WDS.
commissioned Rander Water Works. The total distribution ^Work for 22.5 Lakh litres capacity ESR will be
started soon at Athwa, Dunbhal &
network length including the transmission lines is 2450 kms. A Joganinagar.
total storage capacity of 465.05 million litres is available in the The total water supplied by tankers is about 0.8
form of underground sumps and overhead service reservoirs at MLD (average of 60-70 trips of 10,000 litres
various water works and other distribution stations. The storage per day and 80 trips during summer).
capacity adequacy of all the water distribution stations to the
total water supply is 53 percent. The storage capacity at the main 7 '
water works of Varachha, Sarthana, Katargam and Rander is <% +. "3 ) % !"
about 158.56 million litres with an adequacy of 27 percent to # $% *
total water supplied. In year 2005-06, works for 5 UGSR & 3 2 + " + +
ESR will be carried out, which will increase the storage capacity / ' + +
at water works by 45 ML and distribution stations by 38.95 ML. , .% " < ) " +
The supply is for 2 – 3 hours daily. Water is also supplied by
tankers from Khatodara distribution station to some areas where
work of laying of pipeline is going on at present.problem in
either quality or quantity of water supply occurs.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 27


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Kakrapar weir by pipeline – are to be


4.1.5 CONSUMER CONNECTIONS worked out considering techno-
economical feasibility.
Service connections are of galvanized iron. There are 291,642
connections, out of which only about 6538 are metered. About
95 percent of the connections are of 15mm (1/2 inch diameter). water supply Connection details
About 4000 or more new connections are given every year. > #$$%
#*+E'5# +$$
6 #)%E+$5 *)
4.1.6 EMERGING ISSUES
J '%4) #
System (transmission and distribution) losses and #)%E+$5 +$$
unaccounted for water 6 #)%E+$5 +$$
J $ $
The gross average supply in the city is 195 lpcd. The population . '%4) +$$
coverage is approximately 95 percent with about 2.91 lakhs 6 $ $
water supply connections. It is estimated that transmission and J '%4) +$$
distribution losses account for 30 percent of the total supply.
Studies are required to check these figures and also amount of Indicators
water unaccounted for. +*%
Pollution of river water behind the weir by adjacent villages A6
4$
/ 3
The villages like Amroli, Chaprabhata, Mota Varachha, Korad ?
*%
etc. located upstream of weir, discharge their untreated affluent
directly into the river thereby affecting the quality of water ++(
%4
drawn from the surface watersources. This situation requires #&4 >
action from other government agencies as they are outside the = 0
6
jurisdiction of SMC, System losses and unaccounted for
Leakage and contamination of water at household water
connections Pollution of river water behind the
Although rehabilitation of old pipelines has been taken up during weir by adjacent villages
the past five years, the problem of low pressure in water supply Leakage and contamination of
persists due to the existence of an aged network especially in water apart from low pressure in
central zone. Increasing population has also added to the already water supply
existing woes. Apart from these, the use of GI pipes for
household connections leads to leakage and contamination of Wastage of water due to
water in several areas of the corporation, further increasing the intermittent water supply
maintenance cost. A separate leak detection cell with latest leak Alternative source of water
detection equipments and sufficient trained staff will be set up
shortly.
Wastage of water at consumer level is increasing due to
intermittent water supply
Inconsistency in watersupply timings, though reduced
drastically, still persists and wastage of water at the consumer
level has been increasing. with only 6538 connections of the
291,642 connections being metered, distribution losses are
bound to increase, as also the unaccounted for water.
Alternative Source of Water
At present, main source of water for total water supply of the
city is river Tapi. River water quality is getting deteriorated more
and more day by day. Causes contributing pollution to river
water are outside the limit & control of SMC. Hence, options for
finding any alternate source of water –like getting water from

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 28


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

4.1.7 FUTURE PLANNING


Zone Wise Water Demand
WATER DEMAND ;" , + ' &4 ,(
The overall net treated water demand for the city for the years #$++ #$#+
! +%+ +'%
2011 and 2021 is 956 MLD and 1241 MLD respectively
+'# #4*
(excluding losses as per the water supply master plan, SMC). " +)4 #+*
< +4+ +)$
SOURCE AUGMENTATION +4) +)$
With this growing demand, there arises a need for augmenting &" (4 *+
the sources and increasing the yield from various water works. < ++) +'(
Capacity of Katargam Water Works will have to be augmented *%' +#5+
to 360 MLD by 2011 and to 480 MLD by 2021. Capacity of ! < /. @63
< < ; #$++ #$#+
Sarthana Water Works will have to be augmented to 440 MLD
2 #5$ 4'$ 5)$
by 2011 and to 600 MLD by 2021. Rander water works shall : F ') && &&
have capacity of 360 MLD by 2021. At present, work for +#$ 55$ '$$
proposed 200 MLD capacity water treatment plant is in progress #$$ #$$ 4'$
at Sarthana Water Works. Reliability of source will be a '#) +$$$ +55$
governing factor and accordingly change in location of further
augmentation may be required in future. # Water work at Varachha is temprorily closed
due to polluted raw water
STORAGE CAPACITY AND ADEQUACY
225 Lac Liter capacity UGSR with booster house has been ! , ; /. @63
constructed recently at Katargam Water Works to supply water ,
< < ; G !
for T.P. 19, 25, 26, 35 & 49 of Katargam-Dabholi area. #$++ D
Work for 225 Lac liters capacity UGSR is in progress at 2 #5$ #'$ 5)$
#5$ +#$ '$$
Sarthana & Rander Water Works at present. Works for 72 Lacs
4'$ +5$ 4'$
liters capacity UGSR at Dumbhal WDS, 140 lacs liters capacity * Ultimate capacity for the year 2011 is taken
UGSR with booster house at Udhna Udyognagar Sangh and 110 as per long term planning up to year 2021.
Lac liters capacity UGSR at Udhna WDS are in progress at
present.
Moreover, works for 22.5 Lacs liters capacity ESR at Athwa,
Dumbhal & Joganinagar WDS are also in progress at present.

DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
Works for distribution network is presently in progress for the
following areas-
T.P.S. 19, 25, 26, 35 & 49 of Katargam-Dabholi
T.P.S. No. 53 of Magob
Jajangirpura-Jahangirabad area
Part of Limbayat & Dindoli area
Udhna Udyognagar Sangh

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 29


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

in case of walled city, pressure for


design purpose is considered for (G+1)
DESIGN CRITERIA OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM & (G+2) level for the year 2011 &
Water demand is normally classified as domestic water demand 2021 respectively.
and non-domestic water demand. Domestic water demand covers
the use of water for drinking, washing, bathing, flushing etc.
Non-domestic water demand includes the water demand for
educational institution, religious institutions, hospitals, ! < 6
swimming pools, commercial establishments, industries and fire ! < 6 D /@ 3
fighting. Water demand is necessarily assessed for 100% #$$+ #$++ #$#+
satisfaction of the consumers. Under constrained resources, $ %+
") /
water is allocated to consumers and the actual water supply thus
7 * /
may not be able to meet the demand. Since most of the water 2 ' " ")
supply schemes have to be generally designed to meet the water 7 "%
demand in the long run, it is necessary to estimate the water 4 ' % + ")
demand on a 100% satisfaction basis. 7 "%
0% * ")
Domestic Water Demand: : * 3"
Following water demand figures are adopted for planning
purpose, as suggested in Master plan prepared by Tata
Consulting Engineers.
- < K
0
Non-domestic Demand:
For the purpose of this study, non-domestic demand is classified 4 C" E 7 " 5. '5' " %+ "
into commercial, industrial and fire fighting demands. $% "

@ 7" 5. '5' $ "' 9


Commercial Demand
Commercial demand includes demand from hotels, health 4 C" E 7 5. '5' " %+ "
centers, educational institutions, gardens, swimming pools, $% "
cinema theatres and working population. Following are the E0 ' *
requirements of water for each of these categories. +"

@ 7 5. '5' $ "' 9
Industrial Demand
At present, SMC supplies about 50 MLD water to Pandesara - '% " 5. '5' $ "' 9
GIDC industrial area consisting of Dyeing & Printing Mills, % "
Chemical units etc, by metered water connections. Industrial 6 ' 5 5' , " "
water demand may increase rapidly in future.
$ ) ++ * B 4 % <" +
"" # 2 +
Fire Fighting Demand: 2 +
The demand for water for fire fighting arises occasionally and + 5 5' $ "' 9
hence the fire demand estimates are not accounted for in the total 2
demand. Fire fighting will be directly dealt with from a # " * 5 5' $ "' 9
" % "
distribution station nearest to the point of fire through fire
fighting tankers. Detailed design of the distribution network will
ensure that important places could be given special supply
through the network in case of fire. Proper provision for fire
hydrants has to be kept for this purpose. Adequate dead storage
at distribution stations is to be kept for fire fighting.

Terminal Pressure
For major networks in the area outside the walled city, terminal
nodal pressure of 15 meters for (G+1) level and 18 meters for
(G+2) level has been considered for design purpose to allow for
about 8 meters head loss in the ferrules, society pipelines & other
branch pipelines for the year 2011 & 2021 respectively.Whereas,

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 30


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Sewerage system – Existing situation


4.2 SEWERAGE SYSTEMS
6 #$$+
SMC is at present augmenting the existing water supply scheme. - . ! / 0 12 13 ++#1#(5
Increased water supply is expected to result in a corresponding . ! /@ ; 3 #51$%
increase in wastewater generation. For the purpose SMC had a ? /@ ; 3
#414%
master plan prepared for the augmentation of the wastewater /*(1+$ 3
disposal system in 1997. Of the total 112.274 sq. km of area, /
*(1+$
? 3
92.19 percent of the habitable area has a comprehensive
6 ; / 0 12 13 +$41%$
sewerage system. This was 29.45 percent in 1997. The - ? *#1+*
augmented sewerage system under seven drainage zones has also - ;
resulted in the increase of population coverage from 56 percent +$#)1%$
/2 13
to 97.10 percent at present within a span of eight years. The ?
)1((
numbers of sewage pumping stations have also been increased #$$4 / 0 12 13
from 18 in 1996 to 28 in 2005 with another two proposed at ? /@ ; 3 $1($
Pisad, and Bhesan-Jahangirabad. There are six sewerage #)
treatment plants serving each of the six zones of the city.
At present, the peripheral areas outside Municipal Corporation
do not have any sewerage system implemented. SUDA has Existing sewerage network
proposed water supply and sewerage projects in Pal and Vesu
6 1 - ; -
areas. / 3 /2 13 /. @63
#%$&+'$$ )$1%$ )#1%
4.2.1 SEWERAGE NETWORK #%$&(%$ '%14$ '$
#%$&+)$$ 4$#1)$ +#$
The sewerage network in Surat is presently served under six #%$&+)$$ ++514$ +$$
drainage schemes inclusive of the sewerage network in walled
#%$&+)$$ #)%1+$ +$$
city area, namely, Anjana, Bhesan, Bhatar, Karanj, Sainganpore
and the Bamroli-Vadod drainage schemes. The schemes serve a #%$&#$$$ +)$1%$ +$$
total population of 23.35 lakhs through 22 main sewerage
pumping stations and six auxiliary pumping stations.
Existing sewerage network
6
1 -
-
1
+ 6 5
# K 6 4
4 K 6 (
5 2 6 #
% 6 5
' K &: 6 #
At present, only the central zone has 100 percent coverage while
the efforts during the past three years have led to 98.6 percent
coverage in the south-west zone and 96.8 percent coverage in
east zone. West zone has 74.56 percent area covered by an
effective sewerage system. The north, south and south-east zones
which had practically no coverage till recently now enjoy
coverage of 95 percent, 90 percent and 96.92 percent
respectively. An underground sewerage system is planned for the
entire city and network lines are nearing completion in some
areas. By 2006, the entire area and population of the city is
envisaged to be provided with effective sewerage systems. The
system is also planned to reduce the pollution into the River
Tapi.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 31


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Zone wise existing sewerage pumping


4.2.2 SEWERAGE PUMPING STATIONS stations (2002)
Of the total 28 sewerage-pumping stations 22 are main stations C
-
and the remaining six are auxiliary stations, which are of a . /. @63 7
/'%3
smaller capacity and installed in an isolated manner. The !
&
/+*3
diameters of the raising mains of the main stations vary between C
/*)3
600 mm to 1600 mm and those of the auxiliary stations vary 2 &
2 J ; /(+3
from 250 – 300 mm. The depths of the stations vary from 9 to 15 ,6!& /#3
metres for main stations and 4 to 9 metres for auxiliary stations. : &2 /'*3
2 &
C ,6!& /#3
6 & ;
4.2.3 TREATMENT FACILITIES /'#3 /+3
? /%%3 /#3
"
There are six sewerage treatment plants catering to the needs of . .
C 2 /*43
all the six zones of the city and which have a total capacity of /43
treating 562.5 MLD of sewage. The sewage collected by the <
& /+%3
Anjana and Bhesan drainage schemes is treated at the Anjana /+%3 &
C
/4$3
and Bhesan treatment plants before being let out into river or & ,6! /#*3
Khadi. With the increased drainage network over the last three C K &: /+'$3
years, the entire sewage generated in the city can be treated & /##3
before disposal by the year 2006. " /+51%3 &
C @ /5+3
The total capacity of the six treatment plants is 562.5 MLD. It /##3
was estimated by AIC Watson, Mumbai in 1997 that at the rate & /+)1%3
of 172 lpcd, 548 MLD of wastewater is generated during the &
& /+*1%3 &2 &
<
year 2001. Taking this figure into consideration, the entire C 2 /%$3 ,6! /+3
amount of wastewater generated per day can be treated. /+*3
/*3
Six treatment plants are located at Anjana, Bhesan, Bhatar, D= !
Karanj, Bamroli-Vadod and Singanpore. At present, all the
sewage treatment plants are under run as per its designed
Treatment plants and their capacity
facilities. The operation and maintenance of four sewage (MLD)
treatment plants located at Bhatar, Bamroli-Vadod, Singanpore
and Karanj has been carried out by private agencies since last 3 !
/. @63
to 5 years, while the two sewage treatment plants located at
! ? ?
Anjana and Bhesan and all the pumping stations are operated and 82.5
/! 3
maintained by the drainage department of SMC. The contractual K ! ? ?
cost for the operation and maintenance of the 60 MLD capacity 60
/< 3
sewage treatment plant at Bhatar and Karanj each, is Rs. 270.0 K
lacs, for the total period of five years, which includes the cost of ! ? ?
/ & 120
spares, chlorine and all other consumables except energy. At the < 3
100 MLD capacity sewage treatment plants of Bamroli-Vadod 2 ! ? ?
100
and Singanpore each, the contractor has to run, operate and /" 3
maintain the plant for five years, at a cost of Rs. 160.0 lacs, K &
-
which includes the cost of spares, chlorine and all other : 100
K ;
consumables except energy. / 3
! ? ?
Treatment plants at Bhatar and Karanj have been augmented 100
/ 3
from the Extended Aeration Activated Sludge process to the %'#1%
Conventional Activated Sludge process facility. They have been SMC gives contracts for de-silting of
augmented from 60 MLD capacities each to 120 MLD and 100 manholes and drainage lines in
MLD capacities respectively. The treatment plant at Bamroli- different parts of the city to private
Vadod is based on the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket agencies.
process and is one of the largest plants of its kind in the world.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 32


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Map 8 : Sewerage Systems

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 33


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

4.2.4 SEWERAGE SYSTEMS (ZONE WISE)

CENTRAL ZONE
A comprehensive sewerage system for the walled city (central
zone) of Surat was planned as long back as 1948 and was
completed in the year 1958. The population of the walled city
area has become nearly 1.5 times its design population.
/ 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
!
Because of the excessive population being catered to, all the )1+) +$$ 51+% +$$
three sewage-pumping stations (SPS) have become inadequate,
hence rendering the trunk sewers and main sewers in a
permanently flooded condition. Complaints of overflowing
sewer lines have become a matter of routine.
An attempt has been made not only to improve the efficiency of
the whole sewerage system, but also to make the system cope
with the ultimate population of the walled city.
Gravity mains were laid to divert the
Sewerage Network sewage from Saiyadpura SPS to
At present, sewage from the Saiyadpura pumping station is Katargam-Tunki SPS.
transmitted to the Katargam-Tunki pumping station by a gravity
main. The 4 km rising main of MS Spirally Arc Welded pipes of
1524 mm diameter for Nanpura pumping station has been laid to
carry the sewage from the entire Nanpura and Salabatpura
pumping station area to the sewage treatment plant (STP) at
Bhatar.

Sewerage Pumping Stations (SPSs)


The sewage from Saiyadpura SPS is transmitted to the STP at
Singanpore, whereas the Salabatpura SPS is transmitted to the
STP at Anjana. A new pumping station at Nanpura has been
commissioned with ultimate capacity of 98 MLD. The sewage from the walled city will
As per the master plan, after the commissioning of the gravity be transmitted to sewage treatment
main lines, the walled city will have only one sewage pumping plants located at Bhatar and
station, namely the Nanpura new pumping station and the Singanpore for further treatment.
existing pumping stations located at Salabatpura and Saiyadpura
will be abandoned. Out of them, the pumping station at
Saiyadpura is already abandoned.

Sewerage Treatment Plants (STPs)


The primary sewage treatment plant at Anjana, with a capacity
of 25 MLD and 51 MLD capacity was constructed in the year
1958 and 1984 respectively. The secondary sewage treatment
plant, based on the Conventional Activated Sludge Process, and
with a capacity of 82.50 MLD was constructed and
commissioned in the year 1996. At present, it treats the sewage
of the Salabatpura, Limbayat, Umarwada and Anjana sewage
pumping stations. During 2006/08, the treatment efficiency of
sewage treatment plant at Anjana will be upgraded as per the
norms of Gujarat Pollution Control Board.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 34


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

EAST ZONE
At present, 96.8 percent area has been covered with sewage
network. The sewage water is being treated as per the norms of
the consent of the Gujarat Pollution Control Board, in a 100
MLD capacity sewage treatment plant at Karanj and the treated
sewage is being disposed off into the Karanj khadi. Untreated
sewage from remaining areas, along with wastewater generated
from the local small-scale industries is being discharge into the / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
!
Karanj Khadi and the River Tapi through storm water drains. +41)' *'1) %1)% *)1%(
However, as per the master plan, the sewage from the whole East
Zone will be treated at the sewage treatment plant located at
Karanj and the treated sewage will be disposed off into the
Karanj Khadi.
According to the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be a
sewage treatment plant with an ultimate capacity of 150 MLD,
three sewage-pumping stations, a transmission line from each
pumping station to the sewage treatment plant and a sewerage
network of NP-3 class RCC pipes.

Sewerage Network
With a sewerage network of Navagam and the part area of
Karanj, Fulpada and Umarwada, was covered during the year
1990-1995.The part-area of Fulpada has been covered during
1999/2000. A network in the remaining areas of Karanj,
Kapadra, Fulpada, Magob and Nana Varachha were completed
by end of 2001, thus covering the total area and population of the
entire east zone, which ultimately prevents the pollution of the
River Tapi.

Sewerage Pumping Stations


The sewage from the Navagam area and a part area of Fulpada,
Karanj and Umarwada is collected at the Navagam SPS and
auxiliary SPSs at Patel Nagar and Modi Mohallo and is then
transmitted to STP at Karanj.
The remaining area of the whole East zone will be covered under
the Karanj SPS, which has a capacity of 90.0 MLD..

Sewage Treatment Plant


The sewage treatment plant at Karanj with a capacity of 100
MLD and based on Conventional Activated Sludge Process, is
commissioned in 2003.
As per the master plan, during 2008/10, the capacity of sewerage
treatment plant at Karanj will be augmented by 30 MLD to a
total of 140 MLD. 1.0 MW biogas based power plant will be
installed during the year 2007-11.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 35


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

NORTH ZONE
At present 95 percent area and 96.54 percent of the population of
the zone are covered by the sewerage network. The sewage water
is being treated as per the norms of the Gujarat Pollution Control / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
Board, in a 100 MLD capacity sewage treatment plant at !
Singanpore and the treated sewage is being disposed off into the #$1%5 *%1$ 414+ *'1%5
River Tapi. Untreated sewage from remaining areas, along with
wastewater generated from the local small-scale industries is
being discharge into the River Tapi through storm water drains.
However, as per the master plan, the sewage from the whole
North Zone will be treated at the sewage treatment plant located
at Singanpore and the treated sewage will be disposed off into
the River Tapi.
As per the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be a sewage
treatment plant with an ultimate capacity of 202.0 MLD, three
sewage-pumping stations, a transmission line from each
pumping station to the sewage treatment plant and a sewage
network of NP-3 class RCC pipes.

Sewerage Network
The work of laying of sewerage network for Katargam-Tunki,
Katargam-Ved and Dabholi-Singanpore, has been already
completed in May 2004. It will cover the total area and
population of the entire north zone.
The transmission lines from Katargam-Tunki, Katargam-Ved
and Dabholi-Singanpore sewage pumping stations to the
Singanpore STP have been laid. The total length of these
transmission lines is about 7.0 kms.

Sewerage Pumping Stations


The sewage pumping stations at Katargam-Tunki, Katargam-
Ved and Dabholi-Singanpore is in operation. The installed
capacity of the three pumping stations is 71.0, 62.0 and 69.0
MLD respectively.

Sewerage Treatment Plant


For a total of 202.0 MLD sewage expected to be generated at the
end of design period, it has been planned to construct a sewage
treatment plant, based on the Conventional Activated Sludge
Process, in two phases. The Singanpore STP with a capacity of
100 MLD, is under operation.
As per the master plan, works on augmentation of the capacity of
the plant from 100 MLD to 150 MLD will be taken up during
2008/10. 1.0 MW biogas based power plant will be installed.
The tertiary treatment plant of 100 MLD, to reduce the pollutants
load in the river Tapi, will be also constructed during the year
2007-10.
.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 36


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

SOUTH ZONE
At present 90 percent area of the zone is now covered by / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
sewerage network, which in turn caters to about 95 percent of the !
population of the zone. The sewage from the whole South zone #+1($ *$1$$ 415) *%1$$
area is treated at the Bamroli-vadod STP except Pandesara GIDC
area and the treated effluent from the same is disposed off into
the Khajod Khadi. The untreated sewage from the remaining
area, along with wastewater generated from small-scale
industries as well as industrial effluent from processing houses,
is being discharged into the Kakra Khadi through storm water
drains.
According to the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be one
sewage treatment plant at Bamroli-Vadod, with an ultimate
capacity of 156.0 MLD, one sewage pumping stations at
Bamroli, transmission lines from pumping station to the sewage
treatment plants and a sewerage network of NP-3 class RCC
pipes.

Sewerage Network
The sewerage network for Udhana, Govalak, Pandesara, Bhestan
and Dindoli (Part) has been completed.
The SPS at Bamroli is terminal pumping stations in the premises
of the STP at Bamroli-Vadod. Hence, the length of the
transmission line is negligible.
The sewage collected at the sewage
pumping stations at Bamroli-vadod
Sewerage Pumping Stations
The sewage pumping station of 160 MLD capacity at Bamroli- will be transmitted to the sewage
treatment plant at Bamroli-vadod for
Vadod is commissioned. The effluent pumping station at
Pandesara GIDC area is under run. treatment.

Sewerage Treatment Plant


The sewage treatment plant of 100 MLD capacity at Bamroli-
Vadod, based on the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB)
system, is commissioned. The plant is one of the largest capacity
plants in the world. The exisiting plant will be upgraded as per
the GPCB norms during the year 2006-07.
As per the master plan, the industrial effluent collection and
transmission lines along with the pumping station and common
effluent treatment plant of 100 MLD capacity will be executed
during 2005/08. The STP at Bamroli-Vadod will be taken up for
augmentation during 20010/11 from 100 MLD to 140 MLD. 0.5
MW biogas based power plant will be installed

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 37


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

SOUTH-EAST ZONE
At present 96.92 percent area of the zone is now covered by
sewerage network, which in turn caters to about 95 percent of the
population of the zone. The sewage from the Anjana, Limbayat, / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
!
Dindoli and Umarwada area is treated at the Anjana STP and the )1'$ *'1*# #1*( *%1$$
treated effluent from the same is disposed off into the Koyli
Khadi. The untreated sewage from the remaining area, along
with wastewater generated from small-scale industries as well as
industrial effluent from processing houses, is being discharged
into the Koyali Khadi through storm water drains.
According to the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be one
sewage treatment plant at Anjana, with an ultimate capacity of
82.50 MLD, three sewage-pumping stations at Anjana,
Umarwada and Limbayat, transmission lines from each pumping
station to the sewage treatment plant at Anjana and a sewerage
network of NP-3 class RCC pipes.

Sewerage Network
The sewage network for Umarwada, Anjana, Limbayat and
Dindoli has been completed.
The SPS at LImbayat is terminal pumping station in the premises
of the STP at Anjana. Hence, the length of the transmission lines The sewage collected at the sewage
is negligible. pumping stations at Anjana, Dumbhal
and Umarwada will be transmitted to
Sewerage Pumping Stations the sewage treatment plant at Anjana
The sewage pumping station at Umarwada has an ultimate for treatment.
capacity of 14 MLD. The sewage pumping station at Limbayat
has an ultimate capacity of 41 MLD, whereas the sewage
pumping station at Anjana has an ultimate capacity of 12 MLD.

Sewerage Treatment Plant


The sewage treatment plant of 82.5 MLD capacity at Anjana,
based on the Conventional Activated Sludge Process, is the
oldest sewage treatment plant in the city.
As per the master plan, it has been planned to upgrade the
treatment facility at Anjana as per the norms of Gujarat Pollution
Control Board during the year 2005-07.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 38


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

WEST ZONE
Almost 74.56 percent of the area is covered by sewerage
network. The sewage is being treated in a 60 MLD capacity
sewage treatment plant at Bhesan and the treated sewage is / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
!
disposed off into the Tena khadi. In the area bereft of the +*1'4 (51%' #14( )'15%
network, the sewage along with wastewater from local small-
scale industries is being discharged into the River Tapi through
storm water drains or is being disposed through septic tanks and
cesspools.
According to the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be a
sewage treatment plant at Bhesan, with an ultimate capacity of
160 MLD, five sewage pumping stations, transmission lines
from each pumping station to sewage the treatment plant and a
sewerage network of NP-3 class RCC pipes.

Sewerage Network
Seventy Five percent of the area of the zone is provided with an
underground sewage network. The 13.0 km sewage network for
Jahangirabad and Jahangirapura-Pisad, will be completed by the
year 2006.
The transmission line of the Rander, Adajan and Pal sewage
pumping stations is under service since 1995-96 and the 3.5 km
transmission line for Jahangirabad and Jahangirapura-Pisad
sewage pumping stations is planned to be taken up in the first
quarter of 2006. As per the master plan the sewerage system in
Adajan area will be augmented / rehabilitated in year 2006-07.

Sewerage Pumping Stations


The developed area of the zone has been provided with sewage
pumping stations at Rander, Adajan and Pal since 1995-96.
Sewage pumping stations of 40.0 MLD capacity at Jahangirabad
and Jahangirapura-Pisad, will be commissioned by the year
2006.

Sewerage Treatment Plant


A sewage treatment plant of capacity of 60 MLD, based on the
Conventional Activated Sludge Process was completed and
commissioned in 1995 at Bhesan.
As per the master plan, it has been planned to augment the
capacity of the Bhesan sewage treatment plant by 40 MLD
during the year 2006-08.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 39


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

SOUTH-WEST ZONE
In this zone practically 100 percent of the area has been covered
by the sewerage network, barring the Althan area. While sewage
is treated in the 120 MLD capacity sewage treatment plant at
Bhatar and the treated sewage is disposed off into the Kakra / 0 12 3 ! ? /@ ; 3
khadi. !
+51*' *)1'+ 41+% +$$
According to the sewerage scheme of this zone, there will be a
sewage treatment plant at Bhatar, with an ultimate capacity of
236.0 MLD, eight sewage pumping stations, transmission lines
from each pumping station to the sewage treatment plant and
sewerage network of NP-3 class RCC pipes.

Sewerage Network
Ninety Nine percent area of the zone has a comprehensive
sewerage facility. As per the master plan, the sewerage network
of Athwa and Umara will be rehabilitated during the year 2006-
08.

Sewerage Pumping Stations


The sewage pumping station of 19.5 MLD capacity at Althan has
been completed and is under operation since May 2002. AS per
the master plan, the pumping station at Athwa and its rising main
will be rehabilitated.

Sewerage Treatment Plant


The Bhatar sewage treatment plant of 120 MLD capacity and
based on the Conventional Activated Sludge Process, is
commissioned since 2003 and is the largest capacity sewage
treatment plant in the city.
As per the master plan, the sewage treatment plant at Bhatar will
be augmented by 80 MLD during 2009/11. 1.0 MW biogas based
power plant will be installed

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 40


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Indicators
4.2.5 EMERGING ISSUES
Outdated sewerage system in the walled city area, 4*$ . @6
Athwa, Umra and Adajan ? *#1+*
?
*(1++
Mixing of sewage with storm water and solid waste in
several areas +$$1$$
Low number of sewer connections
Very low nil per-capita cost recovery
Unavailability of comprehensive wastewater system in Out-dated Sewerage system in
Industrial Area. Walled City Area.
Mixing of Sewage with Storm
FUTURE REQUIREMENTS water and Solid waste in several
Surat Municipal Corporation has prepared a master plan for areas.
comprehensive sewerage system (more than 1000 km of sewers Less number of Sewer Connections
and 6 sewage treatment works) to serve not only the domestic and almost nill per-capita cost
and commercial, but also the industrial developments for the recovery.
year 2021. Wastewater generated from all this development is to
be collected by a network of underground sewers and pumping
stations and conveyed to sewage treatment works for physical
and biological treatment to meet the parameters prescribed by
the GPCB before discharge into the nearest watercourse. Sewerage Network
Sewerage Network
The comprehensive sewerage system designed for the city of / 01 ! ? / 3
C
Surat as per the master plan is expected to be in place by the end 2 3 #$$% #$++ #$#+
of 2006. Phase wise execution of the master plan will cover not ! )1+) +$$ +$$ +$$
only the present population of the city but also the population #$1%5 *%1$ +$$ +$$
expected by the year 2021. Complete area coverage is expected " +41)' *'1) +$$ +$$
to be achieved by 2006. This is apart from the revitalisation of < +*1'4 (51' +$$ +$$
the entire sewerage network in the central zone, where the #+1($ *$1$ +$$ +$$
&" )1'$ *'1* +$$ +$$
present system is outdated. Complete revitalisation of the system < +51*' *)1' +$$ +$$
in the central zone is to be completed by 2010. ++#1#(5 *#1+* +$$ +$$
At present, there is no drainage system exists in the Pandesara
GIDC area, which leads to the flowing industrial wastewater
open into the open surface water body.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 41


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Sewerage Pumping Stations


With the newly proposed sewerage pumping stations at Sewerage Pumping Stations
Jahangirabad and Jahangirpura-Pisad, the sewerage pumping
stations will total to 30. These are expected to cater to the needs
/. A 7 3
of the population of the city till 2021. After the completion of the C
#$$% #$++ #$#+
gravity mains that diverts the sewerage generated in the central ! 4 + +
zone to the Singanpore and Bhatar STPs, the sewerage pumping ' ' '
stations at Salabatpura and Saiyadpura shall be abandoned. " 5 5 5
Hence the total number of sewerage pumping stations in the city < 4 % %
will be 28. Few of the existing sewage pumping stations i.e. # # #
Athwa, Umra, Adajan, Salabatpura shall be rehabilitated. &" 4 4 4
< ( ( (
In, Pandesara GIDC area a sewage pumping station exists. #) #) #)
However, practically very little wastewater is collected, as there
is no comprehensive drainage system exists. Sewage Treatment
#$$# #$++ #$#+
Sewerage Treatment Plants ! /. @63
As per the master plan, to cater to the needs of the present )#1% )#1% )#1%
population sewerage treatment plants have been constructed at K '$ +$$ +'$
Singanpore and Bamroli-Vadod. But to cater to the needs of the K +#$ #$$ #5$
population in 2011 and 2021, the treatment capacities of these 2 +$$ +5$ +%$
plants need to be augmented without the necessity of new K &: +$$ +5$ +'$
+$$ +%$ #$#
treatment plants. Augmentation of Bhatar STP to 120 MLD and
&&& +$$ #$$
Karanj STP to 100 MLD has been recently completed, is under %'#1% *+#1% ++*51%
run since 2003 and the Singanpore STP is operational at present
with a capacity of 100 MLD.
For Pandesara GIDC area, there is no facility for common
effluent treatment plant. Hence, the industrial wastewater
directly flows to the nearby creek.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 42


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

4.3 STORM WATER DRAINAGE


Due to its location on banks of the River Tapi near the estuary of
the Arabian Sea, the land drainage in Surat City is relatively poor
and in the past, during the monsoon months, many areas of Surat Storm Water Drains
city suffered temporary flooding and blockage of storm water. 6 @ /; 3
The monsoon in the region is seasonal and is active between the 6 / 3 ($1#%
6 /2 3 4)1$#
months of June to December. Rainfall during this period can be ! 6 4#+1%4#
extremely intense. Hence, the SMC has laid an extensive 5#*1%((
network of storm water drains in the entire city.

4.3.1 EXISTING SITUATION During the floods of 1994 (About 5.25 lakh
cusecs) and 1998 (About 7.0 lakh cusecs), the
The gentle slope of the city has greatly aided in the natural storm backwater entry of floods played major role in
submerging the many low laying areas of Surat
water drainage. 85% of the city is covered with a storm water city.
drainage network, but well built leader lines to support the
natural system are lacking in most parts of the town except in the
well-developed areas. Generally, the storm water flows through A majority of the slums drain storm waters
un-built open surface drains and joins the nearby khadi or the through open drains.
River Tapi.
These drains discharge storm water in to the River Tapi at 16 The River Tapi is a perennial one and it drains
locations in 5 zones of the municipal corporation. The storm a total catchment of 65,000 sq.km. It originates
in Satpura Hills of
water outlets provided backwater entry to the floodwaters of
River Tapi and thereby caused temporary flooding of areas from
which they were carrying out storm waters.
Hence, it was felt necessary to provide flood protection gates at
the outlets of storm water drains. SMC completed the
construction of flood protection gates at 15 locations in the year
1999 at a total cost of Rs.210 lakhs. These works were
completed in 3 months. A total of 22 cast iron manually operated
vertical sliding gates were provided. Normally, these gates are
kept open, but at the time of heavy floods in the River Tapi,
these gates are closed to prevent the entry of floodwater in to the
city.
At present the area outside Municipal Corporation does not have
any storm water drainage system. SUDA has proposed storm
water drainage system covering 68 TP schemes to be developed.

4.3.2 FLOOD PROTECTION SCHEME OF RIVER TAPI


After the ravaging floods of the River Tapi in 1968, the
Government of Gujarat had decided to have a flood protection
scheme to protect Surat city and its adjoining area. It was
planned to provide flood protection for a total of 46.85 km. on
both banks.
The Tapi embankment scheme was designed for a 10 lakh cusecs
flood, which is inclusive of 1.5 lakh cusecs discharge,
contributed from the catchment between the Ukai Dam which is
about 80 km. upstream of Surat city. The flood protection works
consist of raising of both banks of the river by construction of an
earthen embankment/ brick masonry retaining walls with/without
river slope pitching and also by constructing sluice regulators
across natural creeks/drains etc. meeting the River Tapi.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 43


Basic Services & Urban Infrastructure

Map 9 : Flood Prone Areas (1998)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 44


The major part of the scheme was executed by the Government
of Gujarat from 1971 to 1995 at a total cost of Rs.1542 lakhs.
But the long delay in completion of the project proved fatal
during the floods of 1994 and 1998. The works of
embankment/sluice regulators at village Chhaprabhatha, Variav
and Tunki were not completed.
With technical guidance from the Narmada and Water Resources
Department of the Government of Gujarat, SMC executed the
flood protection works, which fall within the Surat city limit.
The project cost of Rs.2406 lakhs is being borne equally by the
Government of Gujarat and SMC. Initially, SMC will execute
the works from its own resources and later on, the Government
of Gujarat will reimburse its 50 percent share within 3-5 years
SMC has constructed earthen embankments and
depending upon the availability of funds. The works of the first sluice regulators at villages Tunki and
phase have already been completed by SMC and the remaining Bharimata by spending Rs.356 lakhs during the
works are proposed to be taken up only after finalisation of the first phase. SMC has already spent a total of
scheme/ design-drawings etc. by the Irrigation Department of the Rs.530.50 lakhs including the land acquisition
cost etc
Government of Gujarat.

4.3.3 EMERGING ISSUES

Mixing of Sewer and storm water drains Indicators


With a very small number of sewerage connections in the city, 6 ;
large amounts of sewage are let out illegally into the storm water 4$1'
@
drains. The closed drains of the city amount to only 20.3 percent ! 6
#$14
of the total length of surfaced roads. Solid waste is also dumped - @
into the natural drains of the city in many areas near the slums.
Due to this, the city witnesses frequent flooding of roads during
the monsoon.
Mixing of sewer and storm water
Delay in implementation of the Flood Protection Scheme. drains
The flood protection scheme of the River Tapi that started in Delay in implementation of flood
1971 is still under progress. This long delay on the part of the protection scheme
Government of Gujarat proved fatal during the floods of 1994
and 1998. A large portion of the scheme falling under the city Silting of khadis and open storm
limits is still pending and is largely dependent on the availability water drains
of funds with SMC as the reimbursement from the Government
is expected to come only at a later stage.

Silting of khadis and open storm water drains.


The city has the advantage of a good natural drainage pattern,
which is not, unfortunately, exploited properly. Silting and
constriction due to uncontrolled solid waste dumping and
encroachments by the poor on the banks have interrupted the
flow of wastewater and storm waters, thus, causing them to spill
into neighbouring areas. Never has there been an attempt to
desilt and clean the natural drains of the city. The open storm
water drains are in a similar condition, with sewerage waters
getting mixed with them at places.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 45


Zone Wise Storm Water Drains
FUTURE REQUIREMENTS
The Surat Municipal Corporation has appreciated the importance C
@ /; 3
of an effective storm water drainage wherein the current and / 0 1; 13
future needs point to effective roadside storm water lines. This is #$$+ #$$% #$++
! 451+5 4*1*5
in consideration of the fact that apart from draining the storm
5)155 %*15#
water they also help in maintaining the condition of the road " %(15( ')1%$
surface. A total length of 532 km of present storm water drains < (%11$$ *41)$
are to be extended to a minimum of 401.076 km by 2011 to #$1+4 #51+4
effectively control flooding during the monsoon. This is also &" 451$$ 4*1%$
expected to assist the flood protection scheme of the River Tapi &< %#14' (%1(*
by reducing the sudden pressure on the system during 4#+1%4 5$+1$)
emergencies.
Year-wise Area to be Covered Under
Storm Water Drains in SUDA Area
STORM WATER DRAINAGE IN THE PERIPHERAL AREAS
A : 7
(SUDA AREA)
Due to its location on banks of the river Tapi and on the bank of
river Mindhola near the estuary of the Arabian Sea, the land
drainage in SUDA area is relatively poor. In monsoon months,
during heavy rains many areas of SUDA suffer flooding. Till
now, such flooding was not posing a major problem as major
part was agricultural area. With rapid development of SUDA
2"
area, it is necessary to see that the storm water is disposed off as
early as possible to exert only minimum hardships on residential,
commercial and industrial area.
Due to paucity of funds, normally low priority is being given to
the costly project of disposal of storm water. Moreover, as the
area is located on the banks of the river, there are number of
natural creeks which meander at number of places. It is possible
to provide systematic underground system of storm water
disposal, unless storm water drain in place of these creeks are
properly planned on the roads of TP Schemes, as by preparing
TP Schemes at many places the land falling under portion of the
schemes are allotted to final plot holders. Now, as the TP
Schemes are being prepared and finalized gradually the road
network is also finalized which facilitates to provide storm water
drain. Initially projects are prepared for Vesu and Pal-Palanpor
area at a cost of Rs. 60 crores covering the total area of 1800 Ha.
It is proposed to cover the major part of the SUDA area by
efficient network of storm water disposal at a cost of Rs. 176
crores over a period of 7 years. The project becomes costlier, as
the same is to be designed keeping in view the disposal points
which are mainly in river, the latter is not only in tidal range but
also has to face abnormal floods. To prevent the flood water
entering into SUDA area, provisions are to be made for flood
gates at disposal points.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 46


Solid Waste Management – Existing
4.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT situation
Efforts to improve solid waste management in the city of Surat > #$$%
were made by the health department after the havoc of the -
*%$
/. 3
plague in 1994. It is the only city of its kind in Gujarat where
. ! 5$
private contracting and private participation in solid waste '$
management is being tried out. The city has been divided into 7 ! / 3 4*$
zones for efficient management and the waste generated is / 3 4*$
collected through out the city and dumped at the Khajod disposal "-- /! 3 *)1+
site (200 ha). 6 - /; 1 13 %44
. - J 5#
Source segregation of recyclable waste is practiced and a large 1 - /#&4 1 3 #'4
percentage of households practice storage of waste at source. 1 - /51% 1 3 +55$
About 96 percent of the households and 99 percent of the shops - /! 1 3
and establishment practise storage of waste at source.
At present in SUDA area, there is no scientific collection and
disposal for solid waste available. Waste Generation & Collection
1 1 > 6
+
1 6 *)$.
4.4.1 WASTE GENERATION & COLLECTION 1 5$$
# !
Everyday, Surat generates 400gms per capita per day of waste 1 ! / 63 *)$.
amounting to roughly 1000 metric tons. This is collected by 1 ; / 63 #% .
SMC, private contractors and the rag pickers.
About 70 percent of the waste generated every day is contributed Quantity of waste generated
by households, shops and other commercial establishments. Just
over 30 percent of the total waste generated is recyclable. This > %4
" +'
comprises of paper, plastic, metal, brick stone and glass
: = . = ; +5
primarily. Combustible waste accounts for 22.75 percent of the !
total and organic waste is nearly 42 percent. )
K +
Doorstep bins are roadside cradle types and are 314 in number.
> )
The total number of waste collection bins is 1170. These are
mainly 4.5 cu.m in size with a capacity of 1.5 tonnes (4.5 cu. m)/
dustbin and cover the entire population of the city. The spacing
between waste storage depots is about 100 m. Composition of waste
For door-to-door collection 3000 bins would be installed by 3 1 1 -
private agencies. The cradle type would be designed in such a + ! &< ##15%
way that revenue generation through advertisement is possible. # 4$1#)
+#1(%
There are also initiatives for segregation of waste at source
K 51+#
including awareness generation through pamphlets. For this to ! . #1(%
create awareness pamphlets are distributed. 6 #1$%
" K ; )1'+
At present there are 4503 sweepers engaged in the 4 " & 5+1*(
collection of waste across the seven zones of the city. Of 5 . %1$$
the total waste collected, the corporation manages 98
percent i.e., 980 tons/day while the rest is collected by rag
pickers.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 47


4.4.2 WASTE TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL
Waste collected from all over the city is transported to the
processing and disposal sites by 450 labourers and 104 drivers. Existing fleet of vehicles
The fleet of vehicles available for the purpose includes dumper 6
- 1 -
placers, trucks, tractors, market vans and heavy machines which 1 !
? /8 3 -
are 162 in total. 41 labourers are involved in processing and / 3
disposing waste at the Khajod disposal sites. . : /+%# L 3
; 5* ) # 44$
The frequency of transportation of waste from various waste 4* +$ + +($
storage depots is once or twice a day and the total capacity of the 6 '( ' # #%$
fleet is 980 M.T. The transportation process is partly mechanised . ; : 5
in the form of loaders, bulldozers and breakdown vehicles. The > ? . /+$ L 3
mechanised process accounts for 27 percent of the total
transported waste. The remaining 73 percent is manually
transported.
The private sector is partly involved in the transportation of
waste in terms of manpower or a transportation of garbage and
vehicles. They are mainly involved in transportation of
municipal solid waste by dumper trucks and by containers
through dumper placers.

PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE


Processing and disposal methods like incineration etc. are not
used in Surat. Land available for treatment and disposal of waste,
where the land filling is carried out, is about 10 km from the city.
The life expectancy of land for the treatment and disposal of
waste is 30 years at the Khajod final disposal site. There is
sanitary landfill cell created and the cell is ready for its use for
disposal of inert material obtained at the end of treatment process
of MSW Treatment.
One Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Plant is working on a BOOT
basis from 2003. The agency to which the work is granted is
responsible for collection and treatment of Bio-Medical Waste.
There are total 27 UHC, which are collection centers and Rs. 10
per kg are collected as charge.

4.4.3 EMERGING ISSUES


Indicators
The havoc of plague in Surat helped to convert the city into one
of the cleanliest cities of the country. This was made possible ! - /
*)1+
! 3
through a complete revamping of the entire solid waste ?
management system. The system is working efficiently and +$)1%
effectively at present, wherein private sector is involved. ? - "7 = &
-
&
Lack of effective technology for scientific disposal of solid as
well as bio-medical waste.
Bhatar waste disposal site is at present the only serving site and
this site has reached the end of its life span now. Moreover, the
location of the site right within the city limits has exposed the
entire process to the open air and life threatening parasites.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 48


FUTURE REQUIREMENTS
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SMC AREA: Solid waste Generation (Metric Tons)
The Surat Municipal Corporation has been efficient in collecting C
<
/ 0 1 2 3 #$$+ #$++ #$#+
the solid waste from all over the city and maintaining
! )1+) +%$1+ +4*1% ++'1#
cleanliness. The need of the day is maintenance of the system in
#$1%5 +#+1( +(*1+ ##$1'
an efficient manner. For this purpose, it is required that the " +41)' #+$1( #*%1* 44(1(
collection and disposal system be upgraded. To cater to the < +*1'4 *$1* +''14 ##51%
needs of the population in 2011 and 2021, when 1278 MT and #'1$+ +((1' #*+15% 4)41+
1550 MT of solid waste is expected to be generated everyday in " *1+ %*1# *(1+% +#(1(
the city, additional containers, collection and transportation < +51*' (41# +$)1( +4*1*
vehicles, waste storage and transfer stations, and infrastructure at ++#1#) ))41% +#()1$ +%5*1(
the new waste disposal site at Khajod are the immediate
requirements.
As part of augmentation of the system, a new fleet of vehicles
should be obtained from 2007-08, till which time the existing
fleet is deemed sustainable. Waste storage and transfer stations
should also be added from the year 2007-08. Wheelbarrows of
0.60 cu. m capacity should also be acquired, starting 2006-07. A
waste segregation system also should be installed at a later stage
in all the storage and transfer stations. Infrastructure at the
Khajod waste disposal site is to be provided by 2008.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SUDA AREA:


To provide Dust Beans.
To have collection system from each house.
To provide transfer station.
To provide vehicles for Transportation of solid waste.
Develop landfill site for systematic disposal of solid waste
including segregation of the waste.
The scheme will be provided for 67 T.P. Schemes at a cost of
Rs. 80 Crores.
SUDA has identified and reserved land of 24 lacs sq.mtr for
solid waste and garbage disposal.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 49


!"# " "
" # "
"7 ; 4+&4&#$$5
@
/2 3
“The contours of the city landscape underwent basic and cosmetic changes in - +$)$1+# *%14
the mid 1990s along with growth of infrastructural facilities, which earned K ; +$%* *4155
Surat the tag of being one of the cleanliest cities of the country. But lack of a < K. +*1'(( +1(5
viable transport system, has left the city with a crumbling face. In the absence ! +14+* $1+
of any traffic planning, over 7.5 lakh vehicles leave the city roads gasping for
& - %41#%$ 51'
space. The public transport services have remained as they were years back
and need for a proper system to cater to the growing population is felt - ++4414( +$$
overwhelming. For industrialists, with lack of an airport in the second largest
city of the state, business travels abroad still mean taking a flight from Mumbai - -
or Ahmedabad”. 1
& ?
– Surat Forum : Times of India, May 22, 2001. - 1
& ?
5.1 ROADS ; 1

5.1.1 EXISTING SITUATION


Recent efforts at better management of the road network in the
city have resulted in effective widening of the main corridors of
the city. The roads in the city cover an area of 28.29 sq. km,
which is about 25 percent of the total area of SMC. So far, 80
percent of the area of the city has been effectively connected
through a total length of 1133.37 km. of road network. Of this,
93.5 percent of the roads are surfaced mostly with asphalt.
The region is characterized by “black cotton soil with high
shrinkage and swelling” and high rainfall. These are the major
causes for the unsatisfactory condition of the asphalt roads in the
city. Keeping this in view, SMC has come up with a proposal to
change the major arterial road network into a cement concrete
road. The conversion of asphalt road in to C.C. Roads has been
started in the city since 2004. In the first phase, The Surat-
Dumas Road was selected. The other roads selected in this year
are: Surat-Navsari Road and Kadodara Road.In the next phase,
major ring roads and corridors, important link roads, roads wider
than 24.39 m. are proposed to be changed to CC roads; the total
cost of this work will be Rs. 4409.96 million.

RING ROADS
The Ring Road is one of the major roads in the city and
channelises the traffic from the congested roads of the walled
city to other parts of the city. The road encircles the eastern and
southern sides of the walled city. The outer ring road lacks
continuity at certain areas and is still to be constructed at several
parts.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 50


Transport And Traffic Management

Map 10 : Transportation Network

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 51


OTHER ROADS
Roads leading away from the walled city gates bifurcate into
Major Radial Roads/ Corridors
radial roads extending to the urban areas that have developed
"7 ?
outside the city walls. These radial roads are significant because
+ > K K /+)((3
regional bus trips from all these corridors enter the city area near # K 1 5%# /+*+%3
the railway station. The north-south flow of traffic is 4 K ! ; K G /+*''3
predominant. 5 2 J K /+*)#3
: K
In SUDA area there are about 170 km of existing roads of %
/+**+3
various category, NH, SH, MDR, ODR etc. ' . 6 /+**%3
:? ; K . ;
(
5.1.2 BRIDGES AND FLY-OVERS /+**'3
> +'( A > +')
)
At present there are 37 major and minor bridges and two : /#$$+3
underpass ways in the city. Of them eight bridges are across D= -
River Tapi at various locations. One of them is a weir cum
causeway and another is a railway bridge. The rest of the six are
major roadway bridges. Another roadway bridge is proposed to Athwa Lines Road
be constructed on the River Tapi near Dabholi. Udhna – Majura Road
There are three fly over bridges in the Surat city. Of these, two Navsari Gate to Udhna Road
fly over bridges are on the Ring road, one at Athwa gate junction Salabatpura Gate to Anjana society
and another from Nan Darwaja junction to Sahara Darwaja. Road
Another fly over bridge is on Varachha road. There is one
Salabatpura Gate to Dumbhal road
overbridge above L.C.No. 146 on Sumul Dairy Road. At present
one fly over bridge at Majura Gate Junction on Ring Road and Delhi Gate to Karanj Road
one road over bridge above Railway Culver No. 436 AT Dindoli Lal Darwaja to Nana Varachha
are under construction.. Road
The Bridge Cell of SMC carries out the construction and Katargam Gate to Katargam Road
maintenance of bridges, culverts, underpasses, flyovers and road Ved Gate to Ved Road
over bridges within SMC limits. Chowk to Rander-Adajan Road
Two major bridges across the River Tapi are planned to be Chowk to Station-Rajmarg
constructed within a span of three years each. While the one at
Ved-Dabholi shall start during this year (2005-06) the other one Recently Completed
near Paanch Pandav bunglow, Athwalines shall start in 2006-07. Bridge across Khadi near Puna –
Kumbhariya (2002-04)
The construction of two major fly-overs road over bridge will be
Construction of minor bridge across
completed during 2006-07 and the other fly over on the Ring
Khadi near FP 80, Dumbhal (2003-
Road near Majura-Udhana Gate, will be completed during 2007-
04)
08.
Bridge Across Koyli Khadi near
Two small bridges shall be constructed across Kankhara Khadi Model Township (2003-05)
near Althan and Gandhi Kutir to improve connectivity in the
south and south-west zone. A bridge is being constructed on Under Progress
Mithi Khadi near Limbayat in South-East Zone to improve R.O.B across Railway Culvert
connectivity. No.436 (2003-07)
In addition, several fly overs and bridges are proposed on major Fly over on Ring Road near Majura
and busy junctions/routes to ease traffic congestion and for easy & Udhana Gate (2005-08)
movement of vehicles; thereby reducing air/noise pollution also. Bridge Across Mithi Khadi near
Limbayat (2005-07)
In SUDA area there are two major bridges across river Tapi and
15 bridges across various creeks. Bridge Across Kankara Khadi near
Althan (2006-07)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 52


5.1.3 EMERGING ISSUES Indicators
6 )15' ; 0 1;
The current network of roads in the city comprising asphalt, @ $15
WBM, concrete and un-surfaced roads covers 8.46 km. per !
$1$'
sq.km of the corporation area accounting for a per capita road @
length of 0.40 m. On an average, the area covered by the present
network is around 25.20 percent of the total area of the
corporation. Some of the related issues include:

Improper connectivity in peripheral areas.


While the peripheral areas in the west, east, south and south-west
zones have grown considerably, the connectivity of these roads
with the main corridors is inadequate. While nearly 80 percent of
the city area is well connected, the rest lacks good linkages. Only
94 percent of the existing network is surfaced mainly with
asphalt.

Major operation and maintenance costs on roads.


The city receives intense rainfall during the monsoon. The black
cotton soil of the region (with its high shrinkage and swelling
characteristics) has made the roads with an asphalt/ bituminous
top highly susceptible to damages. After every monsoon, the
roads have to be re-laid, leaving the corporation with very high
operation and maintenance costs.

Discontinuity in Ring Road and Major Roads.


The Ring Road from Lal Darwaza to Ved Darwaza on the
periphery of the walled city is discontinuous. Several other major
roads in the north, west and south zones are also discontinuous
leading to major traffic movement on other roads and minor Improper connectivity in peripheral
roads in residential areas. areas
Major operation & maintenance
Encroachments and informal activities on major corridors of costs on roads
the city. Discontinuity in Ring Road and
The margins of major roads and the footpaths are encroached major roads
upon in several sections by small time street vendors, illegal
Encroachments and Informal
parking and other informal activities. With no margins left, the
activities on major corridors of the
extension and widening process of these roads is hampered.
city
No consideration for future growth patterns in planning for Lack of consideration for future
roads outside SMC growth patterns in planning for
The growth pattern of the city clearly indicates major growth roads outside SMC
clusters towards the Eastern, Western and Southern peripheral
areas. The lack of a comprehensive planning outlook will make
these areas improperly connected when they are merged within
the corporation at a future date. Hence, there is a need for
incorporating the Outer-Ring Road concept in to the TP schemes
of these areas in the SUDA limits.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 53


Distribution of Roads in SUDA Area
FUTURE REQUIREMENTS
The adverse climate with respect to road infrastructure and the 1 < @
growing pressure of traffic on the roads have led the SMC to /. 3
propose up-gradation of the roads to a cement concrete topping /. 3 /2 3
+ ' + +45$$ +415$
that could withstand all weather conditions. This up-gradation
# (1% +1% #')$$ #'1)$
will be carried out accordingly in a phased manner with a target 4 * # *4)$$ *41)$
of up-grading 65 percent of the roads in the city ones by 2021. 5 +# #1% +)$*$$ +)$1*$
% 1+% #1% 4))'$$ 4)1)'
To tackle the problems of congestion and high volumes of ' +) 5 +'$)$$ +'$1)$
traffic, the corporation has already commenced the construction ( #5 5 %'*%$ %)1*%
of fly-over on certain important roads of the city. Apart from ) 4$ ' )$5$$ )$15$
these there have been long pending proposals of constructing * 4' ' '($$ '1($
bridges on the Khadis to improve the connectivity and another +$ 5$ '9 # ++4*$ ++14*
two bridges across the River Tapi near Bhadra Ashram and near '($$$$ '($1$$
Ved-Dabholi. To improve the connectivity within the city as well
as with the areas on the other side of the River Tapi, these works
should be taken up on priority basis to be completed before CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES IN
2012. To overcome the voluminous traffic problem new roads SUDA AREA
are identified for development. There are canals, plying through Bridge on River Tapi Near Valak to
the city, which can be utilized for surface transport. Considering complete the Ring Road.
the same, two major canals are included to be developed. The Bridge on River Mindhola near
identified canals are: Abhwa for shortening the travel
Canal starting from Karmrej to Althan, which bisects the city distance to Ubhrat.
(60m wide) Construction of ROB at Sachin,
Canal starting from Karanj Sewage Treatment Plant to Surat- Kosad and Gothan to complete the
Navsari Road (45 m wide) Ring Road.

ROADS IN THE PERIPHERAL AREAS (SUDA AREA)


SUDA has planned to provide new roads and improve existing
roads for better movement of vehicles including continuation of
a ring road to reduce congestion on existing roads. This effort of
SUDA would result in better connectivity.

Proposal of road projects in SUDA area


Approximately 670 K.M. of Roads will be constructed in 67
T.P. Schemes to facilitate movement of vehicles.
A Ring Road of 66 K.M. length will be constructed. Of the 66
K.M. length 44 K.M. is of existing Road, which will be
upgraded to 4-lane roads, and 22 K.M. of new road to be
constructed.
The existing / developed road network will be planned in
such a manner that it will have better connectivity to the Ring
Road.
Approximate cost for development of roads will be Rs. 675
crores
The cost for construction of Ring Road will be Rs. 195
Crores the Ring Road will be developed under Public/Private
Partnership and viability gap funding will be provided to
make project viable.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 54


The main functions carried out by the
5.2 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Traffic cell are:
Traffic engineering aspects for regulating and controlling the
Traffic and transportation surveys
traffic of the city are important to fulfil the mission of "overall
regulation and control of vehicles, pedestrian traffic and Installation of traffic signals on
transportation, so as to provide safe and un-delayed travel trips road junctions
to the citizens”. Construction of channelisers on
road junctions
5.2.1 TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS Construction of road dividers either
The number of vehicles in the city has gone up from 2.94 lakhs with guard stones or R.C.C. pardi
in 1991 to 9.83 lakhs in 2005; due to the rapid addition of two- with a facility of plantations
wheelers and four-wheelers. This indicates the economic status Install automatic night blinkers at
of the populace due to the distributed economic growth and critical curves, vehicular gaps,
reflects the lack of efficient and adequate public transportation accident prone points etc
facilities. Construction of traffic island
Vehicular Growth (rotary) at road junctions
Installation of Traffic Sign Boards
/*+&
4+ 4 $5
4+ 4 $+ $+3 (cautionary, mandatory,
+ . ! ()+((* '$($(5 +')1$ informatory etc.) and installation of
# . ! )%'4) '#**+ #$$1% sign boards indicating the names of
4 ; 55)4( 45$54 +(+1$ new streets and squares
5 H 9 7 )4)$ ('45 +'*1$
Construct speed breakers in
% +)(' +)$( +%1$
' ! 9 K +$+) *)' +4%14 consultation with the Traffic Police
K 9 ? 5'* Department
( 44% %41)
? : Make road markings like zebra
) : ++% )5 #41' crossings, stop lines, junction
* ; +4+*% ++'++ 5(1)
+$ ; 9 '(* %*( +$41)
markings, centre lines, and lane
++ 1@1:1 #$+)( +($#( +'*15 lines etc. and to fix cat eyes on dark
+# )(*5 )4$5 551) roads along the centre line for
+4 %( %' &#1) enhanced visibility
+5 +4$5* +#4*+ %'1$ Maintenance of traffic signals and
+% ##* +'( ')1)
blinkers previously installed and
+' +$4 54+ #$%1)
+( . 7 +*' ++' & commissioned
*)#(+4 ('%'%% +'$1) Maintenance of islands,
channelisers, road dividers by
In contrast to this large number of private vehicles, the amount making minor repairs and painting
of public parking space available throughout the city is just them once in a year
sufficient for 1652 two-wheelers and 400 four-wheelers. Earmark spots for rickshaw stand,
bus stand and traffic related
5.2.2 ROAD-RAIL CROSSINGS structures
The main section of Western Railway connecting Ahmedabad Road-Rail Crossings
and Mumbai passes right through the city forming the border for Sahara Darwaja Crossing
the north and east zones and across the south zone.There are five
Lambe hanuman road Crossing
road-rail crossings which are important with respect to traffic
management. Khand bazaar Crossing
Sachin over bridge
Traffic flow at these crossings has not been smooth either due to
level crossings with heavy traffic flow or grade separator Dindoli Garnala Crossing
crossings, which are very, narrow.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 55


5.2.3 JUNCTIONS
There are 89 such junctions in the city that have traffic islands.
Of these, 42 junctions have traffic islands or channelisers which
Traffic Management Initiative
are sponsored. These junctions were mostly constructed largely
H +**5 +**%&#$$%
during the years 1998-2001. Considering the rapid growth of
-- , * )$ )*
vehicles, coupled with the poor public transport system, SMC -- 5 #% #*
has taken up a number of traffic management initiatives during -- K ; 54 )# ++5
the past decade. Road dividers of about 67.0 km length were 6? /; 3 #) ''1*% *51*%
added to the existing 28 km length. Traffic signals were installed
at 25 junctions and traffic islands were constructed at 45
junctions. Traffic blinkers were also installed at 28 junctions in
the city.
These measures have reduced the incidence of traffic accidents
in the city. There has been a reduction of 32.94 percent in fatal
accidents and a 19.83 percent reduction in serious accidents
since 1997. Traffic Management Initiative
C "< , " "6 = = ,! , @ 6
5.2.2 PUBLIC TRANSPORT C 1 - -- ,
! / 3
The Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation (GSRTC) ! '
operates buses for the mass transportation of passengers in the '
city with its existing fleet of 148 buses. GSRTC has three depots, " '
of which Lambe Hanuman and Udhna Gam depots are used for < +$
Within-city buses. The Adajan Patiya depot is used for outside- 4
city buses. &" +
&< +$
Over the years, the number of routes covered by city buses has 5#
increased, but fleet availability has drastically come down to a
poor 6 buses per lakh population. Buses run by GSRTC are not
favoured by the citizens. This is clearly indicated by the ever
decreasing number of passengers using the buses. The figure
declined by 37.12 percent over the previous decade.

8 : Buses, routes and passengers


=
+**( %#%'4 +5( 5)( %)' ++#$ K
+**) %*)%( +5) %$$ %%* +#$( 8 ?
+*** ''$4$ +(4 5)* 54' +$*)
#$$$ %%4#( +4) 4'* 5$) *+% +*)+ +#4 +44 ##+++4
#$$+ 5*#+$ ++' 4*# 4%* )'4 +**+ ##* +') +%)((+
#$$# %(54( +4# 5++ 4'+ *$5 #$$+ 4') +5) **)5$
#$$5 ++$#'$ +%) %+) 5%4 ++#*
Intermediate modes of public transport are very high in the city.
They are mainly contributed by trips made by auto rickshaws,
jeeps, taxicabs, stage cars, and maxi-cabs and so on. The
phenomenal growth of these vehicles during the last decade
(above 135 percent) can be mainly attributed to the inadequate
Public Transport System, thus creating traffic and pollution
problems.
There is a study being carried out on IPTS (Integrated Public
Transport System) by CES which is supported by GIDB (Gujarat
Industrial development Board).

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 56


5.2.5 STREET LIGHTING Indicators
; - # A 5& $1$$4
Street lighting is decentralised with respect to all the zones and #A 5& ?
the Streetlight Department at the head quarters co-ordinates all ? -
#%1$%
these activities.
The city’s 48098 street lights are spaced at an average distance
of 25.05 m. adequately lighting the city. 68 percent of them are Streetlight Department Functions are:
tube lights and 31.9 are percent sodium vapour and Metal
Halide lamps. High mast tower lamps are being introduced onto Providing street lights on all the
important junctions on the arterial roads and are currently roads within SMC limits.
located at 28 junctions in the city, using a total of 524 Installing high masts on all the
luminaries. major traffic junctions.
Providing decorative luminaries
The number of luminaries has grown at an annual average
and poles wherever necessary.
of 17 percent during the past three years. The average
operation and maintenance cost incurred on street lighting
for the past five years is about Rs.261 lakhs. Luminaries in various zones (31-03-
5.2.6 EMERGING ISSUES C
4# <
@ @
Rapid growth of private vehicles. ! '#++ #)'+ *$(#
Inadequate parking facilities. 5*+) +*44 ')%+
" 444+ #%*$ %*#+
Lack of Traffic Segregation. < 54+# #)+$ (+##
Lack of pedestrian facilities. %44) +)$4 (+5+
&" 5'5* '+) %#'(
Inefficient and poorly maintained public transport. < 4**4 #(4+ '(#5
High operation and maintenance costs on street lighting. @ 4#(%# +%45' 5)$*)
2001)
FUTURE REQUIREMENTS
Putting in place an efficient traffic management system and an
efficient and adequate public transport system are the immediate The city of Surat suffers from lack of
requirements. A Traffic Management Study is necessary to enforcement of the traffic management
indicate a number of measures. These include increasing the system. Coupled with the high growth
public parking facilities, pedestrian facilities, improvement of of private vehicles, an inefficient
junctions and rail crossings, provision of traffic signals wherever public transport system, inadequate
necessary, lane separators to segregate traffic etc. parking facilities and lack of pedestrian
facilities, encroachments on footpaths
To keep an adequate and efficient public transport system in and road margins, informal activities
place by 2012, it is necessary that the corporation initiate and small-time business activities
dialogue with GSRTC for its improvement. along the major corridors, have
An effective enforcement mechanism by the Traffic Police is increased the traffic congestion in the
also necessary to enforce smooth traffic flow in the city. city.
A study is being carried out by CRRI / GIDB in SUDA area for
placing an efficient traffic management system. The measures
suggested will be carried out.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 57


!"# ! & "
0" # Sixty three and a half percent of the
houses in the city are being used
wholly for residential purposes while
6.1 HOUSING 19.2 percent of the houses are entirely
The housing condition in the city of Surat has reached saturation under uses other than residential.
levels with vacancy rates lingering around 15 percent during the
last two decades. This could be mainly due to the constraints
posed by the Rent Control Act, which dissuades owners from
renting out properties. Occupancy Rates & Housesold Sizes
House listing – census 2001 >
8 / 01 >
>
1 < : 2 3 G
C >
>
-> > +*(+ 441%% 5(+'%' 5.14 5.42
! (5'(* +5%$$) '*5)( %#$5 5+'$$ #)(+( +*)+ %%1%' (('%)4 5.16 5.78
'%+)4 )(%54 '4)5* +#4* +4)5% )'+$ +**+ +++1+' +5*))+( 4.90 4.90
" ++*44' +')%#( ++)$4( +#+* 4##'5 +($5) #$$+ ++#1#) #544()% 4.96 3.83
< %$$*$ (45+# 5*4+) +$#4 ()4' +%#4%
D +4*%(% #$(#'$ +4'$%4 4)45 4((+' #*'%(
&< 5+'#* ($'*+ 5$('5 *55 ++$+5 +(*'*
Housing Condition (1971-2001)
. ! 5*$5*# (%#55+ 5((%$) +45'4 +55#(% ++(#4' 7.00
*South zone was further bifurcated in the year 2004.
6.00

6.1.1 OCCUPANCY RATE AND HOUSEHOLD SIZE 5.00

4.00
The general housing condition in the city of Surat has shown
3.00
great improvement during the decade 1981-91. During this
2.00
decade, the occupancy rates came down to less than five persons
1.00
per house and matched the household size at 4.90. But during the
decade 1991-2001, the occupancy rate went down well below the 0.00
1971 1981 1991 2001
household size as is represented in the adjacent graph. Occupancy Rate Ho use Ho ld Size
Occupancy Rates and Household Sizes (2001)
6 >
C / >
/ 012 3
012 3 G >
Occupancy rate going below
! )1+) 5+4%*) %$%'# %1%5 ++'#*+ 41%' Household sizeThis is a clear indicator
#$1%5 44%#4* +'4#+ %1+5 ()*44 51#% of high incidence of male migration
" +41)' %)$5%+ 5+))$ 51)' +%+%+* 41)4 into the city.
< +*1'4 #%$5+$ +#(%' %1$$ %)+(( 514$
D 4%1++ '%#44$ +)%)$ 51'( +(('$4 41'(
&< +51*' #$+(%( +45)' 51)% %#(## 41)4
. ! ++#1#) #544()% #+'(' 51*' '4%#5% 41)4
D G - - #$$51
This indicates a large vacancy rate, though the rate has been
constant at 15 percent since 1981. The other possibility could be
the large number of bachelors occupying individual houses. This
is also indicated by the composition of population growth
wherein the male population growth was 68.39 percent during
1991-2001 while the same for females stood at 55.32 percent.

During the year 2000, the vacancy rate was 15.6 percent.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 58


Within the city the occupancy rates have also come down to
below 4.5 in all the six zones. The Central zone with the highest
density has a house hold size of 5.54 but the occupancy rate has
come down to 3.56 persons per house. This is against a total of Growth Trends in Slum Population
41600 houses being put to other uses than residential purpose. +*)4 +**# #$$+ #$$%
This clearly indicates the shifting of population from the walled
city to other areas of the city for residential purpose. *1# +%1( #5145 #)1$$
/ ; 3
6.2 HOUSING FOR URBAN POOR )1# (1) '1#5 +15+
Owing to rapid industrialisation in and around the city, a large
influx of migrants has been observed, which has resulted in the +1)( 5145 51*+ %1'*
/ ; 3
formation of slums. The city presents a wide range of activities
in various industrial and commercial sectors. Growth in such / 3
#+15 +51' +15' +15*
activities, possibilities of absorption in industrial, allied as well
as service sectors, scope of employment in trade and business - #$14 #(1% #$1+5 +*1#5
activities, hawking, retailing, carting and other such possibilities
have attracted rural poor to the city.
There are a total of 312 slums in the city of Surat in which 19.24 Growth in the Number of Slums
percent of the total population the city lives. This figure was 27.5
percent of the city’s population during 1992. Growth of the slum
population has also decreased considerably from an annual -
! ?
average of 14.6 percent in 1992 to an annual average of 1.46
+*'$ (* (*
percent in 2001. This achievement on the part of SMC is due to +*'+ & '' %5 +44
the effective implementation of various slum re-location and +*'' & (# 5' +(*
development programmes after the havoc of the plague in 1994. +*(4 & () 5+ ##$
+*(* & )5 %$ #($
During 1995-98, five slums were relocated and in 1999, those +*)% & *$ #5 #*5
settlements, which were not considered earlier as slums, were +**+ & *% $ #*5
also added along with new slums that developed. The total +**% & *) &% #)*
number of slums thus stands at 312 at present. Development of +*** &#$$+ +) 4$(
new slums could not be avoided by the SMC due to the easy #$$%&#$$' $% 4+#
access to open spaces in the south and southeastern areas of the The south zone, followed by the east
city. continues to house the maximum
Zone wise Slum Settlements (-2005) number of slums as well as the
maximum slum population of the city.
C
1 - 1 -
G These are also the zones, which are
>
most densely populated in the city. The
! #% *+)* 5%'+) ++1$4 +1)( west and south-west zones have about
5$ *'$4 5%%*' +41'$ +1)( 20 and 17 percent of their respective
D +#) %)#+4 #44'%) 4%1)# *1'$ populations residing in slums.
" %4 +*4'5 (*$$* +41'+ 41#%
< 4) ++444 %+(+# #$1'% #1+#
< #4 )*'+ 45(+# +(1#$ +154
. ! 4$( ++'''4 5*$4$% #$1+% #$1+% Status of Land of Slum settlements
* south zone was bifurcated in the year 2004. - +*(4 / 3 +**# / 3 #$$+ / 3
? 541( 4(14 #'14$
Sixty four percent of public land has been encroached upon by ? 51( +414 #$1+$
slums in the city, with 44 and 20 percent respectively belonging . 5#1# 5+1$ 54(4
to the corporation and to the government. Encroachments on *15 )15 *1)(
private land have been cleared off in certain areas, bringing
down its share 37 percent in 1992 to 26 percent in 2000. This
also could be reason behind the addition of new slum pockets in
the city.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 59


Slum locations have been determined mainly by nearness to Location of Slums in the city
work sites and availability of patches of land along the roads and
rail tracks, adjacent to factory walls, low lying areas and canal @
banks. The density in all the slums that existed before 1994 is < *# 4$1$
significantly high, making them congested and unhygienic. ; - 4# +$15
)% #(1(
Of the 312 slums in the city, 124 are within and around the city ? ; +* '1#
wall and another 85 are along transport corridors. A significant #) *1+
number (51) of slums exist in the interior areas of the wards. , - %+ +'1'

6.2.1 URBAN POVERTY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Occupation Pattern Of Surat Slums
elative location of slums
With its changing industrial landscape and growth of its
economic activities, the city has not only attracted a substantial @ % " 7 "% "' @ % " 7 "% "'
amount of capital but also a large proportion of migrant 2 * 2 *
population from within Gujarat and other states like $ 3-+ " ' :* % %
7 * '
Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, '
Tamil Nadu, Kerala, etc. $ 3-+ " ' " %
& (& ( "
About 80 percent of the slum households in Surat are migrants $ 3-+ " ' 2 >
from rural areas of Gujarat as well as from other states of the & (
country. The city presents a wide range of activities in various & "'% " (
industrial and commercial sectors. Growth in such activities, $ 3-+ " ' @
possibilities of absorptions in its industrial, allied as well as & ( " % "
& " *(
service sectors, scope of employment in petty trade and business
Note : Excludes 7% for they belong to
activities, hawking, vending, carting etc. have attracted rural categories like unemployed, disabled, invalid,
poor people to the city. Accordingly, there has been a shift in the retired, house wives and those who are living
monthly income range of slum households between 1994 and on land and house on rent, inherited wealth or
2001. The households in the income range below Rs 1000 have property etc
improved their status marginally while the new households that
were added after 1995 remain in the lower income ranges.
Distribution of Slum Households by
Income
HOUSING CONDITION AND BASIC AMENITIES
It was reported way back in 1997 that 86 percent of the dwelling
units in the slums of Surat are one room units and 58 percent of ,
> >
/ 13
them are less than 100 to 200 sq.ft in area. Migrant labourers +**5 #$$+
often share a single kutcha room on a shift basis. M ($$ ) '
($+& +$$$ #( +#
The condition of public utilities and services is dismal. Lack of +$$+& #$$$ 5# 4'
drainage, choked gutters, uncleaned filth, muck, garbage, pigs #$$+& 4$$$ +# 4+
and stray dogs together make many of these locations easy prey N 4$$$ ++ +%
to water borne diseases like malaria, hepatitis B, typhoid, gastro
enteritis etc. While slums within the city wall have access to
piped water supply, the rest of the slums are not covered by any
such network. Though efforts to provide the slums with better
amenities were carried out, the increasing number of slums has
made such efforts in adequate.
Subsequent to the plague in 1994, all basic services like water
supply, drainage lines, stone paved foot paths, road with carpet,
hand pumps, pay-and-use toilet, individual toilet, Balwadis,
street lights, stand posts, storm water lines etc., have been
provided in a majority of the slums as part of the slum
improvement programme.
Socio Economic and Physical survey of the slums of the Surat
city was conducted in March 2005 and the work is recently
completed.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 60


Basic Amenities in Slums

+**# #$$+ #$$%


? / 3 +)1*' #$1$$ (#
? / 3 #$1*4 #(1%$ 4%
/ #%1$+ 4#1$$ 5%
3
? - / 4(14$ #'14$
3
6 - / 3 5$ ')1$$ )$
? / 13 #4$5$ #444# '')+'
/ 13 +#** +4%$
> / 13 (# )'
/ 13 445 4'4
? / 13 +*''( 44$%*
/ 13 %%) +*+5
> / 13 +') #(1+'
/ 13 ((( +4'
& ? - (# %#
/ 3
? - '#
/ 3
? - ++
/ 3
#(
?
A ; +#5

Details of Zone-wise Provision of Basic Amenities in Slums


;" <" "3 <" "3 <" "3 <" "3 '8 7
$ %+ 77 77 77 2" / =
" ' ' * <" "3 <" "3 <" "3 <" "3
) ' '% $ % + 77 $ %+ 77
# 2"
$ "%
&8 ' ( 9 9 9 9
$ "% -
& +. ( 9 9 9 9 9
-
&= ( 9 9 9 9
<"
&F * +( 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9
$ "% #
&: ) ( 9 9 9 9 9
#
& ' ( 9 9 9 9 9
2"
9 9 9 9 9

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 61


Map 11: Slums in Surat

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 62


6.2.2 HOUSING FOR URBAN POOR - been rehabilitated upto June 2005 on
21 various sites with the total
Slum Upgradation expenditure of Rs. 57.60 crores.
Surat Municipal Corporation is providing basic infrastructure
facilities like water supply, drainage, roads, street light, nursery Built House Programme
schools etc. since many years. 10% of municipal budget is Surat Municipal Corporation constructs
allocated by every year under section 63 / 2 for providing the RCC Pucca houses for the slum
basic infra-structure in slum area. Upto this day, about 70-80% beneficiaries. The hutments, which are
of slums have been provided all the basic services. It is estimated compulsorily required to shift from its
that about 125 crores of rupees has been spent for this mission. original place to another place because
of city development works, such
Water Supply in Slum Areas affected slum households are provided
Almost 70% of the total hutments in the slum area are catered the Built Houses.The built house
through piped water supply network and remaining hutments are approach for the rehabilitation of slum
served either by stand posts or tankers at present. The remianing dwellers is carried out for the three
area is planned to be covered under pipeline network at an categories such as LIG, EWS & BPL
approx. cost of Rs. 20 Crore. housing.
By 1996, SMC had paved 75 percent of the internal roads in LIG Housing
slums with Kota stone. The municipality sweepers clean these
roads everyday. After the plague, surface drains were Under Government of India’s 20 point
constructed in all the slums and are cleaned every week. In 1995, program, the Government has given
SMC had launched the construction of toilets and till date 136 target to construct about 65 dwelling
such complexes have been constructed by two NGOs, viz. units. Against it, Surat Municipal
Sulabh and Paryavaran. Functioning on the basis of ‘Pay and Corporation has constructed 113
Use’, each toilet block has 8 WCs, 4 baths and 4 urinals dwelling units on 2 different sites.
separately for men and women. Men pay Rs. 15/- per month or The housing design for L.I.G Category
Rs. 0.50 per use and the facility is free for women and children is Ground + Three Storied RCC framed
below 12 of years of age. The under-usage of these blocks calls structure. On each floor, there are four
for an awareness campaign regarding cleanliness and sanitary dwelling units. The total Built-up area
habits. of single D.U. is 38.00 Sq.m. (i.e.
Around 48 slum pockets were covered under the "National Slum 408.88 Sft.). The unit has living room,
Development Programme". The Gujarat Municipal Finance Bed room, kitchen, W.C., Bath and
Board has been sanctioning loans/ grant under this programme to balcony.
upgrade the existing environment in slums. Besides this, SMC is The cost of the single dwelling unit is
also administering a few centrally sponsored programmes for approximately Rs.2,00,000/-
uplift of the poor and slum dwellers under the Integrated Child including land, construction &
Development Scheme (ICDS), Urban Community Development infrastructure cost. The average
(UCD) and Urban Basic Services for the Poor (UBSP). The housing density is 376 D.U.s./Hector
major thrust of the UBSP programme is on health, nutrition, (i.e.1880 PPH).
formal education, provision of clean potable water and disposal
The projects implemented by SMC are
of waste. But the reach of most of these programmes has been
listed below.
limited so far.
1 @ 1 "
SLUM REHABILITATION 1 -
/ 01 3 /, 3
Site & Service Scheme +1 1 1 (% +*+$ +%$
Surat Municipal Corporation started the site & service scheme 1 +4
on large scale from the year 1994. The slum pockets located on / 3
important public roads as well as on important public lands = 1 1 4$
required for city development was vacated by removing the #1 1 1 4) +$)5 ('
14#
hutments. The effected hutments were shifted to other SMC land / &
by providing them individual open plot of 3.0m x 5.0m size with 3
all basic infrastructure facilities. The cost of land and = 1 1 1 +%+
infrastructure is borne by SMC. About 12,000 households have ++4 #**5 ##'

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 63


EWS HOUSING PROJECTS @ - "< >

Under the Chief Minister’s 15 point development program, and $ " " <" "3 " : -> '
<" % ?+ %
Government of India’s 20 point program, the Government has % '
given target to construct about 7754 dwelling units including
target for the Year 2005 -2006. Against which the Surat
C &2
Municipal Corporation has constructed 7616 dwelling units on
2 $ + <"
24 different sites. Planning is under process of remaining units. &F * +( / <@
The construction work of 7424 D.U.s. has been completed and 2 $ + <"
&F * +( / <"
possession to the beneficiaries has been handed over. 3533 units
" C &:
are handed over to the beneficiaries by draw and in 3891 units
2 $ + <"
hutments on road alignment and such other inappropriate &/ % ' ( / <"
locations have been shifted. 2 $ + <"
&/ % ' ( / <"
The housing design for E.W.S. Category is Ground + Three
2 $ + <"
Storied RCC framed structure. On each floor, there are four &F ' ( / <"
dwelling units. The total Built-up area of single D.U. is 22.45 2 $ + <"
Sq.m. (i.e. 241.00 Sft.) The unit has single living room, kitchen, &F ' ( / <"
W.C., washing place and balcony. 2 $ + <" &F C(
/ <"
The land cost is not considered as part of total project cost. < C &
1,49,596 sq.mt. of land has been covered for 23 sites. The 2 $ + <" &:' C (
average housing density is 453 D.U.s./Hector (i.e.2265 PPH). / <"
Basic infrastructure like water supply, drainage, pucca roads and 2 $ + <" &:' C (
/ <"
street lights are also provided by Surat Municipal Corporation.
2 $ + <" &:' C (
The construction cost of the single dwelling unit was Rs.58,000/- / <"
for the project prior to 26 Jan, 2001. While for the post 2 $ + <" &:' C (
/ <"
earthquake projects, the building design was revised and the
2 $ + <"
construction of single dwelling unit rise to Rs.68,000/-. Rs. 5,000 &G * . '( / <"
per D.U subsidy is provided by the Government. 4 "C G * . ' $
<"
2 $ + <" &:' C (
/ <"
2 $ + <"
& ' ( / <"
C &
2 $ + <" &8 ' (
/ <"
2 $ + <" &8 ' (
/ <"
2 $ + <"
&0 ( / <"

&" C &
2 $ + <" &: C (
/ <"
&< C &
2 $ + <" & "'(
/ <"
2 $ + <" &8 +
$ "% ( / <"
2 $ + <" &8 +
$ "% ( / <"
2 $ + <" &8 +
$ "% ( / <"
(5#5 +E5*E%*' 55%$1')

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 64


VAMBAY HOUSING PROJECTS ( BPL Housing )
The Central Government subsidized scheme Valmiki Ambedker
Awas Yojana began in 2002-2003. This is the scheme specially List of VAMBAY Housing Projects
design for the families those who are living in slums and are $ " " <" "3 " -> ' %
below poverty line. <" % % '5
$ ?+ + '
It is estimated that about 55,066 household are living below "
poverty line in Surat City. The VAMBAY Housing Scheme is
directly benefited to these families. !
2 $ + <"
The Government has recommended to provide the housing unit &0 ( / <"
with 15 Sq. m. of built-up area. The cost ceiling per dwelling
house is Rs.50,000/- for Surat. The Central Government will 2 $ + <"
&0 (/ <"
provided Rs.25,000/- subsidy per dwelling unit. and Rs.25,000/-
2 $ + <"
per dwelling unit will be in form of loan component. & ' (/ <"
The Government has given a target of 3700 dwelling units 2 $ + <"
& ' (/ <"
including target for the year 2005-2006. Against that, Surat 2"
Municipal Corporation has already planned to execute 2120 !
dwelling units on different 10 sites. The implementation of the 2 $ + <"
scheme had started in Feb'2004. &< = (
/ <"
Amongst them, 296 row houses on 3 sites are design with single 2 $ + <"
multi-purpose room, attached with toilet unit. Front ottah and a &8 ' +. (
small backyard has been provided. The total built-up area of / <" 1
2 $ + <"
single dwelling unit is 20.16 Sq. m. & ' ( / <"
1824 dwelling units are design with single room, cooking space, 2 $ + <"
& ' ( / <"
W.C. and chowkdi. The building structure is Ground + Three
4 "C G * . '
storied RCC framed structure. There are six dwelling units on $ <"
each floor. The total built-up area of single dwelling unit is 20.69 2 $ + <"
Sq. m. &,% +. (
/ <"
53,262 Sq. m. of land will be utilized for the projects. The 2"
probable total construction cost will be Rs.1912.18 lacs. The
land cost and infrastructure services cost will be borne by Surat
Municipal Corporation.
Slums to be Relocated either completely or partially by 2012
1 -
1 -
!
C 6 >
/ ; 3
>
! +#+ 4+()+ 4'$$$
? +++ 45%%4 5$$$$
" )$ #(4#+ #5#%

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 65


6. 3 EMERGING ISSUES Indicators
%1+
Unregulated and Speculative Land and Real Estate Marted >
Lack of implementation of T.P.Schemes and inadequate : +%1%)
infrastructure in the newly developed areas has led to a 1 -
speculative land market, wherein there is no differential pricing 441*
1 - 1
for developed and undeveloped areas. Insecure tenure, rent 1 - 6
control act, inappropriate regulation, pricing and taxation have ''445
all perpetuated the issue. . > -
? 1 1 +%$$
Increase in the number of slums. , -
While 5 new slums were added increased during 2000-2005, it
has been observed that the relative location of the slums is along
water bodies or transport corridors. The concentration of such
slums is very high in the east and south zones. Growth of slums
in isolated locations has also led to poor living conditions and Increase in the number of slums
poor service availability in such areas. Lack of information on service
availability in slums
Lack of information on services availability in slums
Though the corporation has set up a separate Slum Up-gradation Meagre availability of land within
Cell, lack of complete information on service availability in all the corporation area for slum
the 312 slums in the city has been hampering the implementation relocation
of slum improvement/ rehabilitation programmes.

Meager availability of land within the corporation area for


slum relocation.
Several slums, which are either along water bodies or transport
corridors, have to be relocated as infrastructure cannot be
provided in such areas and the amount of land available with the
corporation is not adequate to relocate such a large number of
slums.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 66


!"# 0"
* 3
The environment of a city is a critical determinant of the health
of its inhabitants and consequently, urban productivity. This is in
turn determined by the water and air quality. The Gujarat
Pollution Control Board is responsible for monitoring water and
air quality. It includes under its purview, testing of both surface The stretch of the Tapi after it leaves
water and ground water and testing the ambient air quality. the city near Hazira village has been
dangerously polluted with COD, BOD,
7.1 WATER faecal coliforms and total coliforms,
The water quality of the River Tapi is tested analysed every with values alarmingly higher than the
month by GPCB. Over the years, three locations are selected for prescribed standards.
sampling viz. Ukai Dam, Mandvi and Kathor Bridge.
Surat and the nearby industrial areas account for 89 of the 563
large and medium water-polluting industries listed by the Status of Ambient Air Quality
inventory of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). It has #$$5&$%
@
been stated by CPCB that the stretch of the River Tapi that . # 7
passes through the city of Surat is moderately polluted. Tapi , K 1 +(4 #5 4#
waters at Ukai Dam and at Mandvi were upgraded to Class A 1:1 1 " 1! +5$ +' #%
(drinking water source without treatment but after disinfection) K1 1!1E +)$ 4) #5
in 1997 from class B (useful for outdoor bathing only) in 1991.
The waters at Kathor Bridge after entering the city are put under
class B. It has been observed that there has been a rise in the
+**%&*'
COD levels at all three locations during the last six years. @
. # 7
, K 1 4'4 +$+ 44
7.2 AIR 1:1 1 " 1! #+5 (% #5
Ambient air quality is being monitored by GPCB regularly at K1 1!1E #4' *# #(
three locations in Surat. They are: Air India Building, SVR Source: GPCB Reports (1995-99)
Engineering College and BRC Udhna (industrial). Monitoring
Note: Ambient Air Quality Standards
stations were also set up at Dumas, Surat Station, Old Civil (CPCB) for Rural and Residential areas is as
Surat, GIDC Pandesara and GIDC-Sachin from where under:
monitoring was done during 1993-94 but was later discontinued SPM 200 g/ m3
from the succeeding year. The monitoring station at GIDC SO2 80 g/ m3
NOx 80 g/ m3
Sachin was reopened during 1998-99.
The NOx levels have always been below the CPCB prescribed
standards but during the year 1998-99 there was a major rise in
the values at all three locations. SO2 levels, which were earlier
above the prescribed limits have come down significantly and
are now below the limits.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 67


But the SPM levels have always remained above the prescribed
limits for residential and rural areas. This can be mainly @
+**(&*)
attributed to the high concentrations of dust and other . # 7

construction materials in most parts of the city. Though the city , K 1 #+$ 4% 4+
is cleaned almost twice a day by the sand on the roads (which 1:1 1 " 1! +)% #( +5
K1 1!1E #5$ 44 4$
lack proper margins) and footpaths are the main reason for the
Note: Ambient Air Quality Standards
particulate matter in high concentrations. (CPCB) for Industrial areas.
It is to be noted that these values do not reflect the situation in SPM 500 g/ m3
SO2 120 g/ m3
the entire city and during 1993-94, when monitoring was done at NOx 120 g/ m3
other places like Surat Station, Dumas, Old Civil Surat, GIDC-
Pandesara and GIDC Sachin, SPM levels at all the locations
were above the prescribed residential and rural area limits.
+**)&**
@
. # 7
, K 1 4%$ 5* %%
7.3 POLLUTION CONTROL MECHANISMS 1:1 1 " 1! #+4 ## 4$
K1 1!1E #*+ 4( 55
7.3.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
The GPCB is the nodal agency that looks after the enforcement
and implementation of environmental laws in the city. The
environmental management of the city is looked after by several
agencies. All these agencies are to act under the co-ordination of
GPCB.
The agencies looking after the
GPCB implements pollution control laws in the entire state and pollution problems with respect to
is guided by the Central Pollution Control Board. The Surat vehicular pollution, discharge of
Municipal Corporation can now take up policy matters with untreated sewage, etc. in the city are:
respect to environmental protection under the 74th CAA’s
provisions. The SMC’s role assumes significance as the provider GPCB
and facilitator of any development in the city. SMC
PWD
The SMC has set up the ambient air monitoring van in State Highways Department
partnership with the TIFAC center under mission REACH at the National Highways Regulatory
cost of Rs. 120 lacs in the year 2004. Authority
State Public Works Department is responsible for the RTO, Surat
maintenance of the major water bodies in the city. The State Surat City Traffic Police
Highways Department and the National Highway Regulatory
Authority are responsible for the maintenance of the highways in The “Environmental Protection (Prevention &
the city. The Regional Transport Office in Surat has Control) Act, 1986”; Water Pollution
responsibility of managing issues due to the Vehicular growth in (Prevention & Control) Act and the Air
the city and the Surat Traffic Police is responsible for the Pollution (Prevention & Control) Act govern
pollution control and prevention activities in
implementation of traffic management initiatives. the city.

7.3.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK


GPCB is empowered to take legal action and punishable
measures against law offenders under the EP Act. The Board can
also monitor the industrial discharge and terminate the
operations if an industry is found flouting the norms.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 68


Rapid growth of vehicular
7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT IN SUDA AREA population during the past decade
Several initiatives have been planned. These include the is also a concern. Most of these
development of gardens, lakes, gas/electricity based crematorium vehicles are mostly not compliant
etc. some ot the details include: with the BHARAT-II norms and
release dangerous exhausts. The
One Garden in each T.P.Scheme will be developed for climatic conditions of the city
Beautification of the Area at the cost of Rs. 50 Lacs per Garden generally cause these exhausts to
with a total cost of Rs. 33.5 Crores. remain suspended in the air.
Existing 4 Lakes in SUDA Area will be developed at the cost of Inadequate traffic management
Rs. 5 Crores per Lake with a total cost of Rs. 20 Crores. The measures have reduced the average
Lakes will be developed in such a way that the Water Bodies are speed of vehicles on the roads
preserved and are also useful in storing the Rain water and thereby increasing the travel time
reducing the flooding of area. and hence the vehicular pollution.
Two Crematoria in the SUDA Area will be constructed at the Chaotic movements at junctions
cost of Rs. 5 Crores each with a total cost of Rs. 10 Crores. The have increased the dimension of
Crematorium will be run on Gas / Electricity to reduce the the problem. The small number of
Pollution and to save the natural wood which is used in present air quality monitoring stations in
Crematorium. the city with an area of 112.28
sq.km and population of above 25
lakhs do not generate the true
7.5 EMERGING ISSUES picture of air pollution in the city.
Water Pollution.
Several reasons can be attributed to the pollution of the
water bodies in the city. The most important of them are:
Encroachments along major natural drains of the city
resulting in obstruction of the natural flow of water. This
results in flooding and stagnation of water, thereby rendering
the surrounding areas susceptible to infectious and
communicable diseases.
Till recently, the lack of comprehensive sewerage system has
led to large quantities of untreated wastewater being drained
into the River Tapi. This has led to degradation of ground
water too.
The letting out of wastewaters by several small-scale
industries in the east and south zones, either into the nearby
drains or dub-bores has polluted the surface as well as
ground waters.
There are no monitoring stations to estimate and assess the
quantity and quality of wastewaters being generated in the
city. The obvious results of all the above-mentioned reasons Water Pollution
are health risks to the citizens of the city. Air Pollution
Air Pollution.

All the air quality monitoring stations in the city has


recorded dangerously high SPM levels in the the past. This is
due to several internal and external factors of which the most
important are:the high volume of dust suspension in the city
is mainly due to the climatic conditions as well as the un-
surfaced margins on almost all the roads in the city.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 69


!"# "%
Primary Schools
* % #3
!
1. 1! ?
? 1 ? 1
8.1 EDUCATION # # #%) # 44# %*'

From primary school to research level, educational facilities in


Surat are provided by a host of agencies, ranging from the
central government, state government and local government to
the agencies aided by the state government as well as private
institutions.
The city has 596 primary schools of which 258 schools are run
by SMC and as many as 332 schools are under the management
of private institutions. A considerable numbers of the secondary/ Secondary/ Higher Secondary
higher secondary schools are also under the management of
private institutions. !
1. 1! ?
? 1 ? 1
Apart from these there are 22 colleges, which are either affiliated
+ & 5 +#' +4* #'$
or self financed. Professional Institutes located in the city are
Schools
S.V. Regional Engineering College, Government Medical
College and the SMC Medical College. The South Gujarat
University is also located in the city and acts as a research
institute. The Department of Business Administration under the
university acts as a professional institute and offers a Masters in
Business Economics.
There are schools and colleges in the city but most of them lack
an environment conducive to learning. Even today, Suratis prefer
the family business or setting up new business soon after
finishing high school. Because of this trend, despite its potential
for economic growth, Surat will have to depend on professionals
from outside though this trend is changing recently.

8.2 HEALTH
From decay to resurgence, the city has emerged in recent years
as an example for other civic agencies to follow. Devastated by
the plague in 1994, the city got a new lease of life thanks to
SMC’s efforts increasing and improving the health facilities. A
new civil hospital has come up along with a new medical
college. A new super specialty cardiac centre was set up in the
year 2000.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 70


8.2.1 HEALTH FACILITIES
The ever-increasing population in the city is expected to put
pressures on the existing health facilities. The SMIMER with
medical collage has 750 beds while the Civil Hospital (attached Existing Health Facilities in SMC
to a Govt. Medical College) has 1040 beds in 32 wards looked
=
after by 200 medical teaching staff, over 400 interns and PG
students. There are around 650 trained nurses in the hospital. At Civil Hospital +
Major Hospitals )
the lowest level there are basic health centres, anganwadis, Urban Health Centre 27
dispensaries, etc Pathological Laboratory 1
Mobile Dispensary with I.E.C services 6
Distribution of Hospitals run by Various Organisations I.C.D.S 2
Zone Government Private Charitable Trust SMC Total Anganwadis 316
Central Zone 0 195 15 6 216
North Zone - 27 2 - 29
South Zone - 55 - 1 56
East Zone - 95 1 3 99
West Zone - 58 1 1 60
South West Zone 2 37 4 1 44
South East Zone 8 - 1 9
Total 2 475 23 13 513

There are a total of 513 hospitals in the city that are registered
with the SMC. Of these as many as 475 (92.59 percent) hospitals
are run by private organisations. SMC runs 13 hospitals of which
6 are in the central zone. On the whole, 46 percent of the 8 @? K 6 K 6
hospitals are within the central zone, which has a considerably +*)% #)'4' ($(( #(1(% (14%
smaller area than the other zones but is most densely populated. +*)' 44#5# (54% #%1*% %1)+
+*)( 4%)(( ('#+ #'1(' %1')
+*)) 4'%(' )))( #'1$* '145
8.2.2 BIRTH & DEATH RATES +*)* 4)(44 ()'# #'15# %14'
Both the birth rate and the death rate have come down in the +**$ 5%'*# (4(' 4$15% 51*4
+**+ 5%%)4 )$)% #*1*% %14+
recent years, especially after the outbreak of plague in 1994.
+**# 5'%+# )(+% #*1+5 515'
While the birth rate has stabilized at 19 births per 1000 +**4 4))'+ )$4% #41#5 51)
population, the death rate is hovering around 4 deaths per 1000 +**5 4)'** )$(% ##1$) 51'+
populations. +**% 5#(4# ())) #41#' 51#*
+**' 5#)(4 ))'# ##1## 51'
Birth & Death Rates +**( 5%')( )'%* ##1'% 51#*
+**) 5%#'' *4*% #+15+ 5155
+*** 5(*+* *5$5 #+1'# 51#5
40
#$$$ %+++) *'4% ##1$+ 51+%
30 #$$+ 5(++5 +$+*) +*1$5 51+#
20 #$$# 5*+*5 +$#$) +)1)5 41*+
#$$4 %45%# ++#%%
10
#$$5 %%%## ++*#+
0
1885
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004

Births and Deaths in Surat (1985-2000)


C.B.R. C.D.R.
The birth rate, death rate and the
infant mortality rate are less than the
state averages as well as the averages
of urban areas of Gujarat.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 71


8.2.3 MORTALITY PATTERN Infant Mortality rate & MATERNAL
Infant Mortality Rate is 36.32 per 1000 live births in the year 8 ,. . .
1985 while the Infant Mortality rate of Surat Municipal +*)%
Corporation is as low as 19.79 per 1000 live births This is also +*)'
true of Maternal Mortality Rate, which reduced from 2.13 in +*)(
1985 to 0.61 per 1000 deliveries. +*))
+*)*
+**$
+**+
8.2.4 DISEASE PATTERN +**#
+**4
The maximum number of reported cases in the city is of Malaria,
+**5
Infective Hepatitis and Gastro Enteritis. This trend has been +**%
confirmed over the years. The fall in the reported cases of all the +**'
diseases after 1995 can be attributed to the cleanliness drive +**(
started by SMC in 1994. +**)
+***
SMC employed paramedics who have been monitoring and #$$$
treating minor ailments on a fortnightly basis and serious cases #$$+
are reported to the government hospitals or the dispensaries. The #$$#
numbers of reported cases proving fatal have come down #$$4
significantly, especially of Gastroenteritis and Infective #$$5
Hepatitis. Mortality rate (1985-2004)

With the mortality and morbidity rates having come down


significantly, there has been a noticeable improvement in the Infant Mortality & Maternal Mortality
health status of the city. A rise in the actual number of infant Rates
deaths and stillbirths calls for increased awareness regarding pre
and postnatal care. The maximum numbers of deaths in the city 40.00
are due to disorders related to the heart, lungs and kidneys. Surat 35.00

has a very high incidence rate of heart attack and diabetes. Under 30.00

the National Malaria Eradication Programme the entire city 25.00

population is covered with an Annual Blood Examination Rate 20.00

(ABER) of 22.22 during the year 2004. The over all impression 15.00

10.00
indicates that malaria cases have drastically declined over one
5.00
decade in Surat City inspite of huge surveillance. 0.00

Positive cases had remained 2.99 percent of the total samples


1885
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
collected during 2004 which was at around 30 percent during
1990-91. Of the total positive cases seen in year 2004, P.Vivax is INF.MORTALITY RATE MAT.MORTALITY RATE

seen predominantly compared to P.Falciparum.

Disease Pattern

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

GASTRO-ENTRITIS VIRAL HEPATITIS


ENTRIC-FEVER PNEUMONIA
PULMONARY T.B. A.R .I.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 72


workers from uni-purpose to multi-
purpose workers (each health worker
8.2.5 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE covers 10,000 people in the slum and
slum like areas).
After the plague, various organisational measures have been
taken up by SMC, which are also reflected in Health department.
The decentralisation of powers involved conversion of health

Commissioner Urban Health Care Programmes


• Preventive, Promotive and Curative Care
• National Health Programmes like Malaria.
Dy. Commissioner of T.B., Leprosy, Filaria, S.T.D. Care
Health & Hospital Immunition & Family Planning
• Surveillance and Monitoring of Diseases:
Health Mapping
Medical Officer of Health
• I.E.C Activities
• Data Collection, Analysis and Feedback
Dy. Medical Officer of Health
Asst. Medical Officer of Health
(7 Nos)

Urban Health Centers (27 Nos)

• Lady Medical Officer


• Medical Officer

• Health Inspector
• Lab Technicians
• Lady Health Visitor
• Vaccinator

Health Workers
(Paramedical Workers)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 73


Existing Open Spaces, Gardens
(sq.km)
8.3 RECREATION/ OPEN SPACES
Open spaces in Surat are categorised as open spaces, gardens, <
1 1 1
playgrounds, recreational areas and green belts. The city which
had 0.57 sq. km of such spaces in 1997 today has 2.15 sq. km for ! ) $1$5 #+ $1++ % $1$+
the said purpose thanks to the efforts taken during the 1 1 1/= 3 5% $1+$ #$ $1++ % $1$#
preparation of the development plan by SUDA 1 1 1/ 3 ( $1$5 ++ +14$ * $1$%
'$ $1+* %# +1%# +* $1$*
Playgrounds are mostly included within the school premises and
the rest of the areas are open for public use. The present figure of
2.15 sq. km of open spaces, gardens, playgrounds, recreation <
areas, etc all put together is far less than the actual requirements 1 1 1
for the year 2001, which is 6.77 sq. km. ! & & 4 $1+$ 4( $1#'
1 1 1/= 3 & & % $1$( (% $14$
1 1 1/ 3 & & +4 $1+* 5$ +1%*
Preservation of Water Bodies $ $ #+ $14' +%# #1+%
Water bodies are an integral part of city open spaces and
connected to various traditions and religios functions. At the T.P.S (F) = Town Planning Scheme, Final.
same time it provides at time larger open space to the city. It also T.P.S (P) = Town Planning Scheme, Primary.
maintains eco-system. It provides immence potential to tourism <
in the city. Many times human interface with the water fronts of 1 1 1
these water bodies may liable to contaminate and pollution. ! & & 4 $1+$ 4( $1#'
Therefore it is necessary to preserve and develop these large 1 1 1/= 3 & & % $1$( (% $14$
open space – water bodies. As per the direction of The Hon. 1 1 1/ 3 & & +4 $1+* 5$ +1%*
Gujarat High Court, dated .2-8-02 in S.C.A.No. 10621 of 2000, $ $ #+ $14' +%# #1+%
the Government of Gujarat issued a Notification on 1st April,
Details of development projects of
2003, notifying the different water bodies, in the State of
water bodies undergoing execution :
Gujarat. According to the order of the Hon. Gujarat High Court,
State Govt, all area development Authorities & Local bodies $ < + "3 : , "3 "
were held responsible for protection, maintenance and <" # 0"' $ ? 4 ' " +
preservation of all the water bodies in the state. 2 ' *1
, *9
As per the Gujarat Government Notification, dated. 1-4-2003, $%
*9 &
following water bodies were notified in the Surat Municipal 4 %
6 ' 9 (
" " "
Corporation Area. 9
" 1 1
0" * /% %
$ , " "3 ' : F *
%' *
<" < + "3 # 0"' 4 "C $ <" 5 $ ?4 9
+" @ 3 .
0 " <" F * +
7% + " " '(
6" + " '9 :' C :' C " +
0 + "9 :' C :' C 0" "
6" + 9= G * . 6 '
2 "9 8 * ' : ?%
$% 4 % " " " ' 9 6 '
9$ %. $ " 94 " :+
0 *" 6" +
2
$4 9F * 9 F * + 5:5 5:5 9=
4 %*
F * + 2 "9 8 *
6 '
6" + 9, . " , . " "
6 + "9 $ * " $ * " 6 '
$% 4 % " " " 4 C% 2 $ &4 C% / "%
F "' F "' ( / ""' !!
/
$4 0 &
, '" 6 + , '" 6" +
6 ' 1 (
$% 4 % " " " "' 2 $ 9
" 1
9 = )9 "' & "'( / , . "
/% %
6 + 2 "9 : : 2 $ " " '(
&: (9 /

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 74


In addition to the above the historic Gopi Talao development
project is also under planning stage. The proposed development
consists of Historical Vav conservation, development of jogging
track including displaying old city cultural value and trades such
as textile, jari & diamond Industry. The estimated cost of the
proposed development will be app. Rs.680 lacs.
To preserve for water bodies it is necessary to control the
development around the water bodies. The State Government has
sanctioned the Revised Development Plan of Surat City vide
Notification No. GH/V/100 OF 2004/DVP/1403/3307/L, Dtd,.
2/9/2004. The revised Development Control Regulations have
also come into force with sanction of the Development Plan.
Provision has been made in the regulations that no development
be allowed within a distance of 9.0 mts. from the boundary of the
talao, lake, water bodies etc.
In order to raise the sub-soil water, Surat Municipal Corporation
has developed percolating bore well with rain water harvesting
system on major projects sites.
To enforce this the project under taken by the private developers,
provision to construct recharging bore well with rain water
harvesting system has been made in the revised development
control regulations, which is being implement presently.
The details of development projects of the water bodies, which
are under planning, are as under.
1 -< K 6 - 71
1 ? 1
0 1. 1
2 $ &4 C% F "' ( 6 ' 1
/ "
$ * " 6 ' 1
"

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 75


8.4 EMERGING ISSUES,
Lack of educational facilities.
A spatial disparity is observed in the educational facilities
with most of the primary, secondary and higher secondary
schools in the city located in and around the central zone.
At one primary / secondary / higher secondary schools for
every 425 students, there is a clear inadequacy in the number
of schools available in the city. An average of one school for
every 300 students is the necessity.
Educational facilities in the slum localities of the city are
also inadequate. For a city with a phenomenal growth rate
the number of colleges and professional institutions is very
low. There is also a need for research institutions.
Inadequacy of health facilities to cater to the needs of
Population in 2011 and 2021. Lack of educational facilities
The number of Multi-disciplinary and Super speciality Inadequacy of health facilities to
Hospitals are also inadeuate. Apart from the New Civil cater to the needs of population in
Hospital there is only one cardiac super speciality hospital 2011 and 2021
that has been recently set up in the city. The Civil Hospital is Lack of recreational facilities
also lacking in the number of trained nurses and paramedical
staff, which in turn hinders the implementation of health
programmes in the city, especially in the slums.
The Civil Hospital is not easily accessible for a large number
of slums spread throughout the city. For a city with about 4.9
lakhs of slum population there are only 22 health centres.
It has also been observed that the number of HIV (+) cases
in the city is growing gradually, which is of grave concern.
Efficient management of health facilities after the Plague
have helped to tackle the needs of the present city population
but without additional facilities the future appears bleak.
Lack of recreational facilities.
There has been a continuous decrease in the amount of open
space present in the city over the past decade.
In the past, the green belts, gardens and parks were put to
different urban uses . At present these are not sufficient to
cater to the recreational needs of the population.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 76


!"# 0"
& * " "
3 " "& 3
The functioning of SMC is governed by the Gujarat
Municipalities Act of 1963 and the Bombay Provincial
Municipal Corporations Act, 1949. SMC performs obligatory
and discretionary functions, as incorporated in the said Acts.
The hydraulics Department under SMC is responsible for water
supply and sewerage schemes in the city. The Gujarat Municipal
Finance Board, incorporated under the Gujarat Municipal
Finance Act, routes the loan and grant money and central aid
provided by the State and Central Government to the ULBs.
The governance of urban local bodies assumes importance in the
wake of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act which delegates
mandatory elections and greater devolution of powers and
functions to the city corporations. This theme outlines the
present structure of the elected and administrative wings of the
corporation related to management functions, operations and
reforms
TH
9.1 74 CONSTITUIONAL AMENDMENT
th
The 74 Constitution Amendment Act, 1992 has its essence in
reforms and building new systems in the structural, functional
and planning areas of municipal management and capacity
building. The Gujarat Government appropriately adopted the
notification and amended the Gujarat Municipalities Act, 1963
and the Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949.
The provisions under the amendments are:

Structural
Regular and fair conduct of elections to municipalities by
statutorily constituted state election commissionsA framework
assigning appropriate civic functions to urban local bodies as
envisaged in the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution. Besides
the core functions, the municipalities are now expected to play a
crucial role in preparation and implementation of local
development plans and programs for social justice,
andConstitution of a Finance Commission, to recommend to
their legislature measures to improve the financial health of
municipal bodies once in every five years.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 77


Functional
The Gujarat Municipalities Act, 1963 and the Bombay
Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949, have been
amended in 1993 but no actual devolution took place as
functions like regulation of land-use, town planning with
development authorities, safeguarding the interests of the weaker
sections, promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects
etc. have still not been devolved to the fullest extent.
Planning
The absence of Metropolitan Planning Committees in Gujarat, as
envisaged by the 74th CAA has limited the functional role of the
ULBs in planning and management to a series of sectoral and
departmental plans and programs, which under no circumstances
can lead to integrated planning and development of ULBs.

9.2 GOVERNING STRUCTURE OF SMC


The governing structure of SMC consists of both political and
administrative wings. The political wing is an elected body of
councillors headed by a Mayor. The Commissioner, from the
IAS cadre, heads the administrative wing and is responsible for
the strategic and operational planning and management of the
Corporation. The Commissioner takes the decisions on behalf of
the Board or the Standing Committee formed from the elected
Councillors, while performing the duties of the Corporation.

9.2.1 ELECTED WING


The elected wing consists of Corporators elected by the citizens
of SMC and the actual number of Councillors is related to the
total population. At present, the Corporation consists of 102 The city has seven zones, 34 election
Corporators elected from single member constituencies on an wards and 102 ward constituencies.
adult franchise. A deputy mayor assists the mayor and is elected
from amongst the corporators. The term of both the mayor and
his deputy, is for a period of five years.
The city is divided into seven zones with a total of 34 election The statutory authorities of the elected
wards and 102 ward constituencies. Ward committees operate at wing are
the zonal level and consist of elected corporators of the the General Body,
respective wards and are headed by a chairperson. These the Standing Committee and
committees are responsible for assisting the council in the The Other Committees.
planning and execution of development works at the zonal level.
Under the BPMC Act, powers are vested with three distinct One third of the seats are reserved for
statutory authorities of the elected wing, viz. the General Body, women. The proposed General Body
the Standing Committee and the Other Committees. The General will have 68 male corporators and 34
Body is the supreme body of the corporation and the mayor is female corporators representing each
the chairman of the General Body for conducting its proceedings ward constituency.
and is also the ceremonial Head in the British tradition. Though
he is not vested with executive powers, as the First Citizen of
Surat, he commands a position of great prestige and honour.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 78


Health Committee
Law Committee
The Corporation has several statutory and non-statutory
Public Works Committee
functional Committees to set out the obligatory and discretionary
Hospitals, Medical Aid and Hygiene
functions bestowed upon the Corporation by the 74th CAA. The
Committee
Standing Committee is one of the 13 statutory Committees under
SMC and is the most powerful Committee. Powers to sanction Water Committee
and award major works costing more than Rs. 5 lakhs are vested Housing & Gardens Committee
with this Committee. The Committee is also vested with Town Planning Committee
financial powers and has 12 members and is headed by a Light & Fire (Extinguishment)
Chairman elected from among the Corporators. The other twelve Committee
Committees look after specialised functions of SMC. Social Welfare, Entertainment and
Cultural Committee
9.2.2 ADMINISTRATIVE WING Slum Improvement Committee
Drainage Committee
In Gujarat, the municipal administration comes under the Khadi Committee
purview of Urban Development and Urban Housing Department.
It is the policy making body for the urban sector in the state and
undertakes the functions as specified in the local Acts.
After 1994, significant changes were made in the administrative
setup of SMC, from a vertical-rigid-hierarchical system to a
horizontally-more-interactive system. There has been a shift to
‘field level operations’. Decentralization of administration is a
major aspect of this change. The city has been divided into seven
zones viz. Varachcha (East), Rander (west), Katargam (North),
Udhna (South), Limbayat (South-East), Athwa Lines (South-
West) and Muglisara (Central). Each zone is vested with
complete authority to address local problems and mitigate them
at the source. Further, transparency and collective decision- The central zone mainly consists of
making have become key elements of the administrative process. the old city (also called the inner
city)The eastern zone mainly
DECENTRALISED ADMINISTRATION: ZONES AND WARDS consists of Varaccha, Karanj,
Fulpada The northern zone mainly
During the last three decades, the city has expanded in all consists of Katargam,Ved,
directions. For administrative purposes, the area of SMC has Dabholi and Singanpore
been divided into seven zones after suggestions from various The western zone mainly consists
sectors. The zonal system came into existence in 1996 with six of Rander and Adajan
administrative zones and one zone is further bifurcated in May The southern zone mainly consists
2004. It envisages decentralisation of activities and a more of Udhna Pandesara, Bhestan and
responsive administration at the zone/ ward level. Bhedawad,
Each zone is headed by a divisional Head, who is either an The southeast zone mainly consists
Assistant Commissioner or a Deputy Municipal Commissioner. of Anjana, Limbayat, and Dindoli,
Depending upon the size of the ward, the divisional head has one The southwest zone mainly consists
or two zonal officers under him, who in turn, has about three to of Athwa, Umra, Piplod Bhatar
four Deputy Engineers working for him. In each zone there are and Ghod Dod.
six to seven junior engineers, typists etc.
Under the decentralised administrative setup the powers and
functions at each level are clearly delegated for the Heads to
discharge their functions adequately. Even the junior engineers
and other inspectors working at the ward level are provided with
adequate powers for effective discharge of their duties. By
decentralising various public services provided by SMC a zonal
system has been implemented.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 79


Map 12: Administrative zoning of SMC

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 80


Functions of a Zone Office
Health Department Legal procedures for illegal
connections and repair of
Scavenging the entire area of the zone, polluted water connections.
Clean choked, gully-trap and sewer traps, Issuing permits regarding
Food inspection, branch license permit, stand posts, free connection
Vaccination, birth/death registration, family planning. hand pump, drainage.
Market department to remove the nuisance of stray animals Legal procedures against
Malaria control illegal drainage connections
and illegal construction.
Assessment and Recovery Department To construct and maintain
Assessment of properties, recovery of property taxes, (box drain) rainwater drain
education tax, etc.
Appeals regarding assessment and rent recovery of the
corporation's various properties,
Registration of shops/firms renewal and court complaints
FUNCTIONS OF A WARD OFFICE
regarding breach of law.
Cleaning and sprinkling of
Engineering Department pesticides collection,
Transportation and final disposal
Build new roads up to 60 feet with, to widen the roads, to
of solid waste.
repair and re-carpet the roads etc
Disposal of small and big
Build society roads by raising public funds - to prepare new
carcasses .
footpaths, to repair them, scraping etc
License renewal of non-edible
Build roads upto 80 feet width and carry out their repair
things (matches, kerosene, coal,
work
fireworks etc.) And edible things.
Build new buildings and to maintain the municipal
Clean choked gully-trap.
properties
Cleaning of drip well.
Build and maintain school buildings
Chlorination of the well in use and
Sanction 1/2" domestic and 1" industrial connection
chlorine test of water samples.
Repair work of main water pipelines upto 22"
Legal actions against citizens who
Maintain and clean temporary/ permanent drainage
are creating nuisance.
Disposal of rainwater through new catch pits
Legal actions against citizens who
Issuing permits for layout of low-rise buildings, procedure
are creating nuisance.
against illegal construction
Inspection of hotels, hawkers and
Implementation of town planning scheme, recovery of
small shopkeeper with hygienic
betterment charges
point of view.
Take action against public nuisance and damaged property
Cleaning of public urinals.
Issuing permits for mandap, banner, hoarding-collection of
Inspection of cinema halls,
land-rent, property rent
theatres and other public
Remove permanent / temporary encroachments, to make
entertainment places form hygiene
alternative arrangements for obstructing slums
point of view.
The Central zone mainly consisting of the old city; also
Gather details of the epidemic
called the inner city,
immediately inform higher
The Eastern zone of Varaccha road
authority regarding disease-
The Northern zone of Katargam and Ved road;
controlling measures. Issue
The Western zone of Randher and Adajan
license for eatables and non-
The Southern zone of Udhna and Pandesara and,
eatable items under the BPMC act,
The Southwest zone of Athwa lines Bhatar and Ghod Dod.
1949.
City Civic Centers
There are fourteen City Civic Centers established in the city with
a state-of-the-art community services, where several counters
will be provided for citizen services.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 81


PANKAJ JOSHI, IAS
Municipal Commissioner
Vig & Insp. Deptt Research & Analysis cell

PJ Zala, KC Mehta, CJ Gamit, B M Desai, IC Patel,


Dy. Commissioner (Spl) Dy. Commissioner (Gen) Dy. Commissioner City Engineer Dy. Commissioner (H & H)
(P&I)
South West Zone East Zone North Zone South East Zone

Toll & Octroi Dept. Finance & Accounts Central Establishment Hydraulic Health Centres/Dispensary
O.I.E.B. (Octroi Squad) Information System Inquiry Deptt. Dept/HWW/CWW/ Policy Matters – Health
Municipal Libraries Development Recruitment Branch Swimming Pool SMC Health (Camp) Activities
Fire Brigade Material Management (Filaria Public Relation Deptt. Captive Power S.W. Disposal site Vaccin &
Public Parks & Garden Malaria) Shops & Estt. Section Projects Epidemic
including nature park Material Management Secondary Education Road Dev. Dept. Public Health Laboratory/ P S H
Traffic Branch (Central Stores) Right to Information Cell Bridge Cell Project
Cultural Dept. Over-all Co-Ord. WB Projects CE Sp. Cell Birth & Death Registration
Watch & Ward Dept. Preparation of Direct Tax, Family Planning & Family Welfare
Legal Branch Proposal to form part of budget Food Inspection & Licensing
Civil, Mechanical, Co-ord with the Govt for Solid Waste Management
Electrical/Equipments/ Education Cess ICDS/ Leprosy Control
Machinery including Capital Central Cell of Assessment Crematorium Burials
works of Indoor Stadium and Direct Tax Dept Disposal of big animal carcasses

Asst. JM Patel, CY Bhatt, VD Patel Dr. H. D. Doodhwala


Commissioner Director of Panning Asst. Commissioner Add. City Engineer Medical Superintendent &
(Finance) Director
South Zone Central Zone West Zone

Town Planning Deptt. Central Office Work related to Pandesara SMIMER College &
Central Desing including Disaster Management C.E.T.P. Teaching Hospital
Architecture wing Election & Census Drainage Dept. including Maskati Charitable
Town Dev. Dept. School Board storm project Hospital
SMIMER – Medical College/ Sp. Cell to Monitor GSB/Rang Upvan Proposed Physiotherapy
Hospital Bldg. Project/ Housing Factories/Trade/Business Covered under Street Light including Energy College & Nursing College /
Activities section 313/376 of BPMC Act Efficiency Cell School
Office allotment Monitoring of capital works/ Major Khadi/ Canal Embankment Central Medical Stores
Circular Railway Projects & Daily/Weekly/Monthly Project including purchase of
City Development Strategy Reports Work related to Government Equipments/ Instruments
Planning & Construction of Compo. UCD/UBSB/NRY projects and loan project including
S of Museum Science Center, Art Municipal Printing Press Environmental Cell & works related
Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 82
ADMINISTRATIVE SETUPSurat Municipal
– POST 1994 Corporation (Municipal Commissioner)

East Zone (Varachha) West Zone (Rander)

North Zone (Katargam) South Zone (Udhna)

South West Zone Central Zone


(Municipal shopping centre, Athwa (Corporation Office, Muglisara)
South East Zone
(Limbayat)

Divisional head (Deputy or Asst. Commissioner) Typical for all zones

Zonal Officer (Executive Engineer)

Deputy Engineer Deputy Engineer Deputy Engineer

9.3 RECENT MANAGEMENT REFORMS Junior Engineer


Urban reforms are the main focus of good governance and
service delivery to the inhabitants of the urban area. Several Administrative & Technological
initiatives have been taken up at national level like 74th Reforms
Constitutional Amendment Act and Model municipal law. Vision – 2020 Plan and City
Further at State level Govt. of Gujarat has taken up several Corporate Plan
initiatives like creating investor friendly environment, repeal of Micro and Macro Action plans
Urban Land (Ceiling & Regulation) Act -1976 (ULCRA) etc. Standardization, ISO certification,
At ULB Level Surat Municipal Corporation had taken up several SCADA and induction of modern
reforms and many of these are first of kind in country. gadgets
Followings are the reforms done by S.M.C. DCR Revision
! Transparency in administration
? ! / 1, @ 3 ? / 1, @ 3 ? Training to employees
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%'*# ('5# #**# 4%'4 %8
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Energy Audit (Internal)
Financial & Taxation Reforms Economical channel in Water
Accrual Based Double Entry Book Keeping Accounting Supply Grid, Demand
System Rationalization, Energy Bill
Outsourcing of Services & PPP Monitoring, etc. Saving realised:
Total Computerization Of Accounts With Balance Sheet Rs. 27.52 million / annum
Approaching Debt Free Financial Administration Energy Audit (External)
User Charges Saving Identified: Rs. 22.1 million /
Efficient Tax Collection annum
Life time vehicle tax Saving Realised: Rs. 7.56 million /
annum
Use of electronic ballast & hi-
lumen fluorescent lamps. Saving
realised: Rs. 7.6 million / annum

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 83


Power Factor Rebate: Rs. 16.66 million / annum
Alternate street lighting during low traffic period: Energy
saving of Rs. 5 million / annum
Energy generation from Biogas produced at Anjana STP:
Expected saving: Rs. 6 million / annum
LED based retrofits for traffic signaling system: Saving
realised: Rs. 0.9 million / annum
Disaster Management
Disaster Preparedness and Municipal Response Plan
Strengthened relief & rescue system
CONTINUOUS MONITORING SYSTEM
Monitoring within SMC is done at four levels, namely,
corporation level, zone level, ward level and on the field. The
standing committee meets once in a week every afternoon
between 3 to 4 p.m. (headed by the standing committee
chairman) Municipal Commissioner, wherein all the heads to
discuss their problems issues and mitigation measures if
possible, is done on daily basis.

ENHANCED POWERS
The divisional head has been given the authority to sanction
works up to a value of Rs 2 lakhs, with the permission of the
Municipal Commissioner.

COMPLAINT MONITORING SYSTEM


At the ward level, all complaints are lodged in a register and a Four levels of continuous monitoring:
complaint lodger is given a white card for sanitation purposes Corporation level,
and red card for engineering and public works. These complaints Zone level,
can be made between 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. either in person or on the Ward level and
phone. Complaint mitigation is carried out within a specific time On the field
period, a minimum of 24 hours with the upper limit as a week.
COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY Complaint register maintained at the
There is no distinction between departments in the SMC. Any ward level and mitigation carried out
official who observes something on the field is free to make within a period of minimum of 24
suggestions or complaints and a. There is no water tight hours and a maximum of a week.
compartmentalisation. All the officials are in a way responsible
for all activities of the zone, in addition to their regular duties.
There is perfect teamwork and all employees of SMC right from
the Municipal Commissioner to the karamchari are equal
partners in administration. Further, all the senior SMC officials
who comprise the Standing Committee take decisions with
respect to transfers, etc. within SMC.

IMPROVED SUPPORTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE


Communication has become far more efficient. Officials are
provided with vehicles fitted with wireless sets and are expected
to pass information to the zonal commissioner, if they find any
thing wrong, and are expected to visit the nearest ward officer or
instruct the SSI / SI to attend to a particular job.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 84


PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
The present drive in Surat is to upgrade its status from the
second cleanest city to the cleanest city of India. Each locality
has a member chosen on a voluntary basis, and he/ she in turn
interact with the SMC and try to mitigate the problems at the
earliest. It is an attempt to take management to the masses.

COMPUTERISATION
SMC is the first municipal corporation in India to develop an IT The Information Systems Department
policy. SMC introduced computerisation in all its departments’ [EDP Department] spearheads the
way back in 1998. Statistics are computerised on a daily basis information technology drive of the
and efforts are on to computerize the past records too. The town Surat Municipal Corporation with the
maps are digitised and details of each department are laid over. mission “To achieve overall
For the purpose SMC has imparted training to its staff through efficiency in various fields of
professional IT institutes. administration of SMC by using the
The Information Systems Department dutifully carries out the Information Technology in the form
functions listed below so as to achieve the objectives of of electronic computing devices,
providing better services to the citizen at his doorstep, reducing related gadgets, software, etc. so as
overall administrative response time for various tasks, reducing to provide the citizens with better
the total cost of operations for the SMC, providing centrally services and a dynamic and
organized information dissemination, having speedy and transparent administration”.
effective communication system, establishing a knowledge
repository for various processes and having an effective
management information system and decision support system
with utmost effectiveness and efficiency:

Analysis of business processes of various departments of


SMC and to design the information system for the same
Development of computerised systems for the information Procuring the pre-printed
systems of the departments. Procuring the hardware and stationery necessary for various
peripherals necessary to operate various computerised computerised systems through
systems through tendering and providing it to the end users. tendering and providing it to the
Procuring the pre-printed stationery necessary for various end users
computerised systems through tendering and providing it to Organising the training of
the end users employees and officers for subjects
Organising the training of employees and officers for related to information technology
subjects related to information technology and and computerisation
computerisation Archiving the data and information
Archiving the data and information of various computerised of various computerised processes
processes to reproduce it and provide it to the end user on to reproduce it and provide it to the
their demand end user on their demand
Imparting training to the users of various systems developed Imparting training to the users of
at SMC various systems developed at SMC
Providing support and maintenance to various hardware Providing support and maintenance
systems and peripherals and to the systems developed at to various hardware systems and
SMC. peripherals and to the systems
Designing and developing the internet and intranet website developed at SMC.
of SMC Designing and developing the
internet and intranet website of
SMC

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 85


The Corporation has its own website (www.suratmunicipal.com) Municipal theatres
which boasts of updated information regarding the various Municipal workshop
departments under the SMC. The website has wide-ranging Law department
details regarding the progress of various development projects Public lighting system
taken up. the site also facilitates downloading of forms related to Fire department
shops and establishments, property tax assessment, water supply Audit department
connections, land & estate, birth & death registration, town
Municipal press
development, drainage connections and SMIMER. On the whole,
UCD department
35 forms are available online, in addition to the various
legislation pertaining to the corporation and the citizens of the Vigilance department
city PRO

The website facilitates online complaint lodging and status check


of the complaints. It also provides the property tax structure, Information Online:
which consists of the water charges, water taxes, conservancy Updated information regarding the
taxes and general taxes; allows one to check the status one’s various departments under the
outstanding property taxand look at the budget for the ongoing SMC
financial year. New tenders that are floated by the SMC are put The various legislations pertaining
on the website for public information. to the corporation and the citizens
IT POLICY of the city
In line with the IT policy of the Government of India, the The progress of various
Government of Gujarat enacted its own IT Policy on 9th March development projects taken up
1999. SMC has launched its own IT Policy and Plan for the next New tenders that are floated by the
five years to usher in a citizen-friendly delivery system. SMC
The budget for the ongoing
SMC’s drive towards e-governance started way back in financial year
November ' 79. From then onwards SMC has always stood up to
the challenges offered by the ever-evolving IT field. SMC is the
forerunner in IT among all the other government institutions and A SWOT (Strength, Weakness,
computerisation at SMC still ranks among the best in the Opportunities and Threats) analysis of
country; praised and appreciated by various international the existing scenario of SMC has been
institutions. But now, this computerisation has reached such a carried out and the outcomes formed
stage that it requires streamlining to realise the SMC’s the primary recommendations for the
organizational goal. IT policy. A situational analysis of the
major departments of the SMC was
The following departments are either partly or fully also carried out to identify the systems
computerised: to be computerised so that
Accounts department requirements like operating skill sets,
General system hardware, software, training, etc could
Personnel department be ascertained. The outcome of the
Revenue department analysis constituted the IT plan and
Octroi department policy of SMC.
Health department It also covers the operational plan for
Information systems department the two years of focus wherein overall
City engineer's special computerisation will be targeted. The
Town development department organizational structure of the IT
Town planning department, which will be necessary to
Drainage department achieve the targeted goals, is presented
Hydraulic department in the form of an annexure. This covers
Public works department various professional posts, their
functions, responsibilities and
Bridge cell
qualifications.
Parks and garden department
Secretariat
Municipal libraries

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 86


Summary of Mandetory Reforms
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 87


Summary of Option Reforms in SMC

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4 9

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 88


SUDA
SUDA has carried out a number of
The organization chart of SUDA is presented below. Normally management reforms in the
the Chairman is non official representative from the area organization for the benefits of the
nominated by Government. Main functions of SUDA include citizens. These reforms are: continuous
development in systematic manner and to control unplanned and monitoring system enhanced powers,
unauthorized development. To ensure aforesaid functions, complaint monitoring system,
SUDA prepares Development Plans and Town Planning improved supportive infrastructure,
Schemes. public participation, computerisation,
IT policy, e-gvoernance etc.
The Board of SUDA consists of elected members from SMC,
Nagarpalika and district panchayat.

ORGANIZATION CHART OF SUDA

Chairman

Chief Executive Authority

Town Planning Construction Administrative Accounts


Department Wing Wing Wing

Senior Town Executive Mamlatdar Accounts


Planner Engineer Officer

Assistant Town Drawing Unauthorized Deputy Engineer Head Clerk Assistant


planner Branch Construction Dept. Accountant

Building Clerk
Planning Senior Draft Mamlatdar Junior Engineer /
Man Superivsor Supervisor
Assistant

Computer
Surveyors Computer Building Work Assistant Operator
Operator Supervisor

Clerk

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 89


9.4 CAPACITY BUILDING MEASURES
Facilities Online:
Some of the capacity building measures being implemented in
the administrative wing of the corporation are as follows. Downloading of forms related to
Decompartmentalisation Shops and establishments,
Decentralisation - 6 Zones – 56 Wards Property tax assessment,
Eleven Divisional Heads - 450 Files to 80 files per day Water supply connections,
Office to site : Seeing is Believing Land & estate,
Birth & death registration,
Daily Meetings : 365 Days : 52 Sundays Town development,
Drainage connections and
Innovations in Plastic Waste Usage, Administration Charges SMIMER.
Computerisation : Accounts, Budget, Taxes, Health, On the whole there are 35 forms
Personnel, Mapping, Engineering
available online
Delegation of financial powers up to Rs. 2 lakh to Zonal in
charge Online complaint lodging and
More than 500 trained technical man power status check of the complaints
Property tax structure, which
Weekly monitoring of the projects consists of the water charges,
Daily monitoring of the public grievances water taxes, conservancy taxes and
general taxes
9.5 EMERGING ISSUES Status check of one’s outstanding
Sanctioning powers for major capital works. property tax
Sanctioning powers and approvals of sanctions by divisional
Heads for major capital works are vested in the Municipal Daily Meetings
Commissioner and political interference at this level delays Sharing of success and failures
sanctioning process. Joint policy making
Joint Reveiw and monitoring
Multiplicity of line agencies. Journey of self-discovery-synergy
In addition to the Corporation there are various other State and Team spirit
central organisations that play a role in the city’s management. Awards to junior colleagues
Multiplicity problems are observed under several functions like
Town Planning, planning and design of the state highways and Professional Consultants
national highways, capital works of river front development, Montgomery Watson India Ltd.
monitoring pollution and so on. Tata Consulting Engineers
Multimedia
Price Water House
CRRI
School of Planning. and
Architecture. New Delhi.
Regional Engineering College,
Surat
School of Planning, CEPT,
Ahmedabad

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 90


!"# 0" Important recommendations of SFC
regarding state transfers to ULBs:
( " " 50 percent of the total income
3 " "& 3 recovered through professional
taxes under its area of jurisdiction
To perform a series of obligatory and discretionary functions, to go to ULBs. ULBs were not
the corporation is vested with powers to raise resources through permitted to levy professional tax
several tax and non-tax sources under the BPMC Act, 1954 and after the Gujarat State
the Gujarat Municipalities Act, 1963. The Gujarat Municipal Professional Trade, Business and
Finance Board incorporated under the Gujarat Municipal Employment Act, 1976.
Finance Act, routes the loan and grant money and aid provided The entire proceeds of
by the State and Central Government to ULBs. In terms of Entertainment Tax should go to the
financial performance, SMC has done fairly well during the past ULBs, instead of the 50 percent
five years. The performance during the recent past has been transfer by the state government
quite good, with the revenue and total income showing a steep through GMFB.
increase. The expenditure has also increased along with the The entire amount of Education
income. The corporation has also recorded a reasonable Cess is provided as a grant to the
operating ratio. ULBs responsible for primary
education, instead of the Education
10.1 74TH CONSTITUTION AMENDMENT ACT Cess being levied on the properties
as a percent of the ARV.
The Amendment, in addition to assigning specific functions, has The ULBs’ share against Non-
also provided a framework to improve the financial and Agricultural Land Assessment in
administrative management of ULBs. As per the guidelines of the form of grant-in-aid at the rate
the 74th CAA, the first State Finance Commission was of 75 percent of the total recovery
constituted by the Government of Gujarat to recommend a effected in their jurisdiction should
framework to assign appropriate civic functions to urban local be raised to 85 percent and the
bodies through the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution. An conversion tax should be paid to
important task of the Commission was to recommend measures ULBs at the rate of 85 percent of
to improve the financial health of municipal bodies. the total recovery against 0 %.
Land revenue from agricultural
10.1.1 STATE FINANCE COMMISSION land, which was abolished from
The State Finance Commission (SFC), which submitted its 1997, should be re-introduced and
report in 1998 made a series of recommendations (the 85 percent of the land revenue
recommendations are still under review by the state government) recovered within the ULBs’
to augment the financial base of urban local bodies, which jurisdiction should be provided as
include: grant-in-aid.
Enhancing the cess on land
Assignment of taxes, duties, tolls and fees revenue from 50 paise to one rupee
Sharing of state revenues and irrigation cess from 20 paise
Grants-in-aid to 50 paise.
50 percent of the recovery through
The Commission has recommended the introduction of a new entertainment tax on Cable TV,
tax, the Vacant Land Tax, for private lands at a rate ranging from etc., (introduced in 1993 through
0.125 percent to 0.25 percent of the market value on an annual an amendment to the Gujarat
basis. Entertainment Tax Act) to be
provided to the ULBs. The
collection to be entrusted to ULBs
themselves.

Important recommendations of SFC


regarding Grant-in-Aids to ULBs:

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 91


The grant towards pay and allowances is to be linked with
the population of the municipality instead of the sanctioned
establishment. The per capita grant on establishment
expenditure is to be increased from Rs.26/- to Rs.30/- and
further increases are to be linked with the Consumer Price
Index.
The grant-in-aid for natural calamities should reimburse 25
percent of the expenditure incurred in the case of municipal
corporations.
The Road Grant should be given as a capital grant instead of
a revenue grant as is in vogue currently. The grant is
recommended as 4 percent of total expenditure.
Grants for the maintenance of dispensaries, hospitals,
maternity homes and child welfare centres should be
enhanced from the present levels and a minimum charge of
Rs.2/- per case is to be introduced for patients whose income
Section 127 of the BPMC Act allows
is above the poverty line.
the corporation to levy octroi, property
The grant-in-aid for leprosy control should be as per the
tax and tax on vehicles, boats and
actual expenditure incurred against 50 percent of the
animals etc. The property tax levied on
expenditure towards establishment and training.
buildings consists of a water tax,
The grant to the District Planning Board should be increased
conservancy tax, a general tax (at a
from 20 percent to 25 percent and should be disbursed at
rate of not less than 12 percent6 of
8.146 percent for Municipal Corporations (as per the formula
ARV). The Act has special provisions
suggested by the Finance Commission).
relating to water and conservancy
taxes. By virtue of Section 134 of the
Act, the Commissioner has powers to
10.2 STRUCTURE OF MUNICIPAL FINANCES levy a volumetric charge for water
For long, financial reporting has been considered an important supplied in lieu of water tax, subject to
tool of accountability. A set of financial reports produced its consistency with the by- laws. These
periodically by the Accounts Department enables the policy by-laws are framed by virtue of powers
makers to assess the efficiency of the SMC in carrying out its granted under Sections 458 of the
stewardship responsibilities. It also provides the Corporation as BPMC Act. Similarly, based on the
well as the state government with relevant financial information approval of the Standing Committee,
to serve as a basis for their decision. In recent years, it has also the Commissioner may fix a charge for
been felt necessary for the corporation to communicate reliable provision of conservancy service
information concerning their financial activities and financial As per taxation rules the base for
position to various interest groups, for which they have initiated property taxes will have to be assessed
the accrual basis of accounting systems. once in four years. The Municipal
For review of finances includes a time-series analysis of the Corporation is also empowered to levy
income and expenditure of the Corporation to ascertain the property tax for residential and non-
trends and the major sources and uses of funds. In addition to residential for which the minimum and
this, certain key financial indictors relating to property tax, water maximum limits are fixed. It needs
charges, per capita income, per capita expenditure and debt mention that except for the ceiling on
servicing, have been analysed to assess the financial general tax, all other taxes have no
performance of the corporation. minimum or maximum limits
specified.
The booking of transactions in SMC is carried out under major
and minor heads. The corporation performs a series of obligatory
and discretionary functions according to the powers vested in it
through the BPMC, 1949. Under this Act, the corporation is
empowered to levy taxes and rates.
6
The maximum tax should not be more
than 30 percent

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 92


mainly in the form of errors in
classification, adjustment of
10.3 FINANCES OF SMC expenditure on receipt of a bill against
an advance, and adjustment of refunds
To ensure transparency and to give a true picture of its assets and
of revenue or recoveries of expenditure
liabilities, SMC has introduced a Computerised Double-Entry by deduction.
Commercial Accounting System. The system involves two
functions namely a Revenue Function, involving receipt of taxes,
charges, loans and grants, and an Expenditure Function,
involving release of funds against establishment, works and
supplies.
The actual accounts of SMC for the last five years (2000-01 to
2004-05) have been analysed to assess the finances of the
Corporation. Detailed accounts compiled from the budget books
of SMC are presented in Annexure 7. An abstract of annual
accounts and tables of the sectoral contribution, growth trends Income Pattern
and per-capita values of different items of income and , / 1@ ; 3
8
expenditure are also presented in Annexure 7. ? ! @
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earmarked fund, loan fund, general fund and interest accrued. In #$$4&$5 %#*('1%+ %4(51*( $1$$
#$$5&$% '+*)41*# 5'%'1)) $1$$
addition to this, the corporation also maintains record of its
current assets including, stores and spares in hand, debtors tax
and non-tax revenue, bank balance and cash balance. The loans Expenditure Pattern
and advances paid to the employees and other agencies are also * Includes Principal Payment on Loans
accounted as assets, which the Corporation possesses.
"7 / 1@ ; 3
8
? D !
As a part of its liabilities, SMC maintains a municipal fund, #$$$&$+ 4$*)#1$4 #$(4*1#(
including a corpus fund, sinking fund, as well as committed/ #$$+&$# 4'#%41## +%*#(14(
earmarked fund, and depreciation fund. The reserves and #$$#&$4 444(+154 +''5$15*
surpluses contained by the Corporation include income from #$$4&$5 4%4)%1)+ +(#($1$'
capital receipts and credit balance from the revenue income. #$$5&$% 54*$%1%* +(5)(1$)
Secured loans and unsecured loans are also reflected in the
balance sheet of the Corporation. In addition to these there are
current liabilities in the form of sundry creditors, deposits Surplus/ Deficit Pattern
* Loan Income also considered.
received, employee related liabilities and other liabilities.
6 - / 1@ ; 3
8
? ! D
The city of Surat holds a special status in its own revenue
#$$$&$+ *$%51+# /)%*#1(#3 5+'15$
sources for its efficient way of functioning and has shown an #$$+&$# %#))1*) /#$$51(+3 4#)51'%
operating surplus, in spite of its developmental activities. The #$$#&$4 +'$4+1%( +5*5514$ +$)(1#%
corporation has shown a mix of surplus and deficit in its revenue #$$4&$5 +(%*$1($ ++)*%1$* %'*%1'+
and capital accounts during 2001-2005. The revenue account #$$5&$% +)$()144 +#)4$1#+ %#5)1+#
portrays a surplus, whereas the capital account has shown a
deficit, indicating transfers from the revenue account surplus.

The Bombay Municipal Accounts Code, 1961, governs accounts


in SMC. The Chief Auditor conducts the audit in the corporation
and is independent of the accounts department. He is responsible
to the Standing Committee.
Essentially, all functions are carried out through either receipts
or payments, with certain transfers and adjustment provisions,

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 93


The revenue account has shown significant surpluses, which
have increased from Rs. 9,054 lakhs in 2000/01 to Rs. 18078 Trends in Municipal Income & Expenditure
lakhs in 2004/05, while the capital account has registered a 80000

negative closing balance during 2000/01, 2002/03 and 2003/04. 60000

This indicates that a substantial amount of revenue surplus has 40000

been transferred to the capital account for asset creation, which 20000

is a positive feature. 0
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05
Revenue Income Revenue Expenditure
The revenue income of the corporation has grown at a rate of Capital Income Capital Expenditure
Income Expenditure
11.73 percent, while the growth in revenue expenditure during
the same period was 9.79 percent. The trends in capital income
and expenditure have been fluctuating. The growth rate in capital
income has been about 32.58 per cent, while the capital
expenditure has presented negligible growth rate. Capital
expenditure by SMC during the period 2000/01 to 2004/05 is at
an average of Rs. 17612 lakhs per year.

Valuation of Inventories
The accrual basis of accounting standards applies to inventories
of material, stores and supplies. As per the net realisable value of
material, stores and supplies held for use of production has also
been determined and forms a part of the fixed assets.

10.3.1 REVENUE ACCOUNT


The revenue account comprises of the operating income and Summary of Revenue income (2004-
expenditure items of the corporation. These are generally 05)
recurring items viz. income from taxes (octroi, property, other 1 > / 1@ ; 3
direct taxes), non-tax income (rents on municipal properties, %(%#51%*
charges, fees), grants, etc. and expenditure on establishment, + A , 4%5+(1%+
# 7 +%$++1+(
repairs and maintenance, debt-servicing, etc.
4 7 %%51$%
REVENUE ACCOUNT - INCOME 5 & 7 54+%1(4
SMC derived 90 percent of its revenues during the assessment % & 7/ 3 ###%14#
period from own sources in the form of octroi, taxes, non-tax A
' & 7/ ? 3 55%*14#
sources etc and remaining 10 percent in the form of state
? , '+*)41*+
government grants. Octroi and property tax dominated the tax
structure, with octroi accounting for 57 percent of tax revenues
and property tax (and related taxes) accounting for 25 percent of
tax revenues. Non-tax receipts are low at 6 percent of the
revenues due to low rates of user charges for services against
considerably good service coverage. In effect, the corporation’s
income largely depends on a single source i.e., octroi. The total
revenue income for the year 2004-05 was Rs. 61983.91 lakhs.

In the absence of any assigned revenues, deposits and advances,


SMC has been able to generate 90 percent of the total revenue
income through its own sources during the last five years.
Property tax collections are Rs. 15011 lakhs during 2004-05 up
from Rs. 8153 lakhs during 2000-01. This is largely due to the
decentralisation efforts of SMC initiate since 1996, due to which
there has been a rise in the number of property tax assessments
and revenue.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 94


Own Sources – Tax Income
Taxes levied by the corporation are mainly listed in Section 127 Income From Tax Sources (2004-05)
of the BPMC Act. Property tax, tax on vehicles, boats and 1 > / 1@ ; 3
animals are the two taxes which are compulsorily levied, while 7,
octroi, theatre tax and other tax (as may by levied by the state + A , 4%5+(1%+
government) can be imposed by the corporation. SMC levies # 7 +%$++1+(
7 )$((1$*
property tax and service-based taxes of different types against
! ? 7 44''1%$
the services provided by it to the citizens. The corporation also < 7 *#)1$'
owns assets in the form of land and buildings, which are leased/ < ! %$'1')
rented out to generate revenue. The income from such sources < . ! #+4#1)5
contributes to the "own-source” income of SMC. 4 6 7 %%51$'
7, '%**41*+
Tax sources accounts for about 81 percent of the total revenue
income. Tax sources have increased from Rs. 65993 lakhs to
48197 lakhs during 2001/2005 at an average annual growth rate
of about 25 percent. The taxes levied by the corporation include:
Octroi;
Property tax;
Mechanical vehicle tax and theatre tax.
Octroi
Octroi is still the largest grosser for SMC at 59 percent of the
total revenue income, helping it to meet its expanding financial
obligations. Though the share of income from other taxes has
increased the importance of income from octroi remains. Octroi
is levied on the entry of goods into Surat city for use,
consumption or sale therein. The rates are ad-valorem ranging
from ½ percent to 3 percent.
Property Tax
-- :
Property tax is a generic term, under which at present three
different revenue taxes are being levied. They are: 7
. 1 . 71 . 1 . 71
General tax +# 4$ +# 4$
Conservancy tax < + + # #
! ? 4 4 ' +#
Water tax / Water charge / Water meter charge
+' 45 #$ 55
Rates of Property Taxes (01-01-2005)
During the period 2000-01 to 2004-05 property taxes contributed
25 percent of the revenue income. The tax is levied on Property Tax assessments
residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The basis for
levying all these taxes (except water charge and water meter 8
#$$$&$+ #$$#&$4 #$$5&$%
charge) is the ‘Annual Rateable Value’ of the premises. There +$5(4+% ++#'(() +#))5+$
are about 12.8 lakh property tax assessments in the city.
The present overall tariff rates of property tax are a maximum of Experience suggests that there is
34 percent & 44 percent of Net Rateable Value (NRV) for usually no significant uncertainty
domestic and non-domestic uses respectively. General tax at 30 about property tax collection and the
percent of NRV largely contributes to the overall rate. recovery is generally quick. This is
because of SMC having first charge
over the property for unpaid property
tax and also sufficient legal powers for
attachment of property to collect
arrears. Property tax may, therefore be
recognised as revenue as it accrues.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 95


General tax: The share of general tax in tax income has been 13
per cent. The income from general tax has increased from Rs. General Tax Tariff Rate per Annum
5573 lakhs in 2000/01 to Rs. 8077 lakhs in 2004/05. The high
7 / - :3
value under property tax is attributable to the revamping of the + M '$$
tariff rates apart from the increase in the number of property tax # '$+ J #$$$$ +#
assessments. 4 #$$$+&5$$$$ +%
5 5$$$+&'$$$$ #$
Conservancy tax: Conservancy tax is charged on the basis of a
% '$$$+&)$$$$ #%
fixed Net Rateable Value (NRV), along with general tax. The ' N )$$$+ 4$
income from this source has increased from Rs. 2151 lakhs in
2000/01 to Rs. 3367 lakhs in 2004/05- a growth of 12 per cent
over the last five years. It is also the second major source of tax Conservancy Tax Tariff Rate per
income contributing about 6 percent of the total tax income. annum (01-04-2005)

Water tax: Water tax is also charged on the basis of a fixed Net ! ? 7 . 7 -
Rateable Value (NRV), along with general tax in line with 14 4 - 7
conservancy tax. & 1) ' - 7
&
Tariff for water connections inside and outside the city limits /, E6 E
vary drastically, depending on the purpose of the connection and E 1) +# - 7
the connection size. SMC has raised the tariff after 1996 to > E E
sustain the growing demand as well as to curb the rise of @ 31
unmetered connections.
One-half inch to one and a half inch unmetered connections Water tariff rates for metred
inside city limit area will have a flat rate of Rs.240/- per annum connections (01-04-2005)
per connection per family in case of domestic/ religious / 1 +$$$ 3
-
purposes. Monthly water charges depending on the connection
size and purpose are shown in the adjacent tableTariff rates per 1 +$1$$
1000 litres of usage for various purposes by metered connections !
inside the city limits vary from a minimum of Rs.2/- to a #$1$$
1
maximum of Rs.24/-. Outside the city limits, purpose of usage is , 1 #51$$
broadly classified into residential, commercial and industrial
purposes and the prevailing tariff rates per 1000 litres of usage
Water charge per month (01-04-2005)
are Rs.10/-, Rs.20/- and Rs.24/- respectively.
, ! @ ! @
3

SMC levies water tax on all assessments having a House Service / 1 3 / 1 3


Connection (HSC). The contribution of water tax and water
G /

charges to the total revenue income is 4 per cent at the aggregate


level. Realisations by way of water tax and charges have been
about Rs. 3657 lakhs during 2004/05. The income from water tax
&

&

has grown at a rate of 22 percent during the last five years.


6

6
!

,
The corporation levies water charges against the House Service O #$ #$ #5$ %'$
Connections issued to the properties within the SMC limits. The P #$ #5$ %'$ +$#$
corporation also levies water charges and water meter charges + #$ '$$ +$#$ ##5$
other than water tax on property tax assessments that have a +O #$ +#$$ #5$$ 5$$$
# 5#$ +)'$ 4'$$ '$)$
HSC. #O %5$ 4$$$ 5(%$ ))$$
4 *$$ 5%'$ ))$$ +%#$$
5 +%'$ *$$$ +%#$$ 4$5$$
' 4+#$ +%$$$ 4')$$ (#$$$
* (%$$ 44'$$ )+$$$ +'$$$$
+$ *'$$ 5%$$$ +$+$$$ #$$$$$
+# +55$$ (%$$$ +%#$$$ 4$$$$$

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 96


Other Taxes
The set of resources comprising the tax
The other major tax items levied by the corporation are
base of the Corporation hasn’t
mechanised vehicle tax and theatre tax. The share of these two
changed over years. In the light of the
taxes together in the total revenues is negligible. During the last
74th constitutional amendment, instead
five years they have contributed 0.89 percent of the revenues
of devolving more resources to the
associated with fluctuating growth rates. The income from this
ULBs, the state government has taken
source during the year 2004/05 was about Rs. 554.85 lakhs.
over certain resources, like the
Own Sources – Non-Tax Income entertainment tax and professional tax.
The non-tax own revenue sources of the corporation account for The State Finance Commission has
6.58 percent of the total revenue income. These revenue sources recommended the devolving of these
include fees and charges levied as per relevant legislations. sources of income to the ULBs
Accordingly, these income sources have been classified under themselves.
the following broad categories:
Municipal properties,
Collection from public places,
Realization under special statutes,
Public services charges/fee,
Other sources like;
o Interest earned, Non-Tax income – Own Sources
o Sale proceeds, and (2004-05)
o Miscellaneous income.
& 7 ? / 1@ ; 3
These revenue sources include the income from leased/ rented + - . 5'%1+%
out municipal property and from the fees and charges levied for # ! - 4*(14$
the different services rendered by the corporation. The 4 4'1*4
contribution of non-tax income to the total revenue income is Rs. 5 ? ! = 45+'14%
% ###%14#
6541 lakhs during 2004/05. , =6 E@ 6 +('#155
Revenue Grants and Contributions – Non-Tax Income #44144
SMC receives grants and contribution from the state government . , ##*1%%
& 7 , '%5+1$%
under eleven heads, for general as well as specific purposes.
About 7.15 percent of total revenue income (Rs. 4459.32lakhs in
2004/05) comes from this source. The noted heads of Revenue grants for
SMC are:
Family Planning
Trends in Revenue Income 75 percent of Non-Agricultural
5000.00 Assessment and 15 percent of Land
4000.00 Revenue
3000.00
2000.00 Primary Education
1000.00 Integrated Child Development
0.00
Scheme (ICDS)
2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004-
01 02 03 04 05
Urban Community Development
Rents from Muni. Properties
(UCD)
Collection from Public Places Assistance for Road Repairs and
Realisation under special statutes
Public Service Charges/ Fees Maintenance
Tax Non-Tax Income Local Fund and Irrigation Cess
Penalty under BPMC Act and
other Acts
Share in tax collected under Motor
Vehicle Act

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 97


REVENUE ACCOUNT - EXPENDITURE
Apart from administration and general expenses, SMC uses its
resources for establishment, operation and maintenance of the
obligatory and discretionary services provide by it, direct
expenses on services provided and debt servicing.
Establishment head, which includes salaries, allowances,
employee welfare etc accounted for 52 percent of revenue
expenditure during 2004-05, followed by general administration
expenses at 24%. A notable feature of the revenue account is the
share of repair and maintenance expenses at just 11 percent of
the revenue expenses during the assessment period. 22 percent of
the revenue income is incurred in debt servicing.
The total revenue expenditure has increased from Rs. 30982
lakhs in 2000/01 to Rs. 43905.59 lakhs in 2004/05 – a growth of Revenue account – expenditure (2004-
05)
5.5 percent. 33 percent of the total revenue income is spent
1 > 1@ ;
towards payment of salaries, allowances, reimbursements and
+ " "7 +(($+1()
terminal benefits of the employees under the establishment head. # A )+(%1%*
Over the past five years, SMC has been able to generate enough 4 A . 5$+'14%
5 ? A ##')1))
income to manage its expenses, and to transfer excess income to
% "7 +'''1*4
capital funds. The excess of revenue income against revenue ' ++1$*
expenditure since 2000-01 averages around Rs. 13209 lakhs ( 6 ? / 3 *4)%1#+
annually. Debt servicing is another important head under the ) 6 ? /, 3 %451+5
revenue account, wherein the interest due on various loans taken ? "7 54*$%1%*
from financial institutions is paid from the income generated "7 - ?1, 1 ? ? 1 "7 1 +)$()144
from revenue sources. The operating ratio during the assessment $1(+
period is 0.71.
Establishment Expenditure
About Rs 17702 lakhs is spent on the salaries, wages, Establishment expenditure (2004-05)
allowances, pension etc of the personnel employed by SMC, 1 1 > 1@ ;
- ?1
which is about 46 percent (average of past five years) of the "7 1
revenue expenditure. Expenditure on salaries and wages to the " "7 +(($+1() 5$14#
personnel has more than doubled during the period 2001-2005. + A < )#4$1') +)1(%
# '##*1+( +51+*
The shares of each sub-head under the establishment expenses 4 4$(1+) $1($
have remained almost the same during the past five years. 5 " < - +)#1+$ $15+
% K - #'5$1$$ '1$+
The payroll burden on the city’s expenditure budget is explained ' " ! ++#1'% $1#'
by a legacy of rigid contracts, which significantly reduces the ?
54*$%1%* +$$1$$
administration’s effectiveness in containing expenditure. "7
Redundancies and cost control have plagued most of the
departments in the corporation, because of which, half of the
expenditure is incurred on personnel expenses, leaving very little
scope for developmental activities.
Administration & General Expenses
The most important heads under which there has been a
significant rise in expenditure are the Electricity charges, Rents
on properties (other than buildings) hired, security personnel
charges and Professional Consultancy charges. General
administration expenses increased at 6.6 percent growth rate
during 2000/01 to 2004/05.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 98


Repairs and Maintenance Repairs and Maintenance Expenditure
The total expenditure under the repairs and maintenance head is (2004-05)
just 9 percent of the total revenue expenditure. This has come
1 - ?1
down from around 14 percent during 2000-01. Even within this >
@ ; "7 1
head most of the expenses are accounted for by the repairs and A . 5$+'14% *1+%
maintenance of roads, bridges, streetlights, pavements, traffic @ . )1$% $1$#
dividers and signals etc. Considering the coastal climate of Surat, K +)$15$ $15+
where the condition of roads deteriorates very fast, the expenses ##(1*5 $1%#
are also high for maintaining the same. SMC has initiated the K
#%%#1*# %1)+
conversion of the roads in the city to cement concrete to reduce
A 6 @ +()15$ $15+
the repairs and maintenance expenses incurred every year. < 4#'1$( $1(5
The repair and maintenance expenditure of the corporation has E. A
4'(14+ $1)5
"0
decreased from Rs. 4350 lakhs in 2000/01 to Rs. 4016 lakhs in
+(%1#' $15$
2004/05. All the items in this category have shown a high level ? "7 54*$%1%* +$$1$$
of fluctuation over the last five years, but at an aggregate level
they show a declining trend. This may also be attributed to the
creation of new capital assets during the past five years, on
which the O&M expenses are yet to be incurred.
Service and programme related direct expenses
Expenditure under this head is mainly incurred on power and
fuel, material and labour, overheads, contracts, materials and so
on. The expenditure has increased from Rs. 1366 lakhs in
2000/01 to Rs. 2,269 lakhs in 2004/05 – a growth of 14 percent.
Debt Servicing Pattern
Debt Servicing
6 ? "7 / 1@ ; 3
Debt servicing through interest and principal payment on loans 8
,
accounts for about 16 percent of the revenue expenditure of the #$$$&$+ +'#)1#( +(+$1*5 444*1#+
corporation. The annual accounts of the corporation indicate that #$$+&$# '#('1$$ +*4(1*' )#+41*'
it has been servicing its debt regularly. The debt servicing #$$#&$4 #)%%1$$ +*#%1*$ 5()$1*$
expenses have increased from Rs. 3339 lakhs in 2000/01 to Rs. #$$4&$5 #')41$$ +%(#1** 5#%%1**
9919 lakhs in 2004/05. The Debt Servicing Ratio has been an #$$5&$% *4)%1#+ %451+5 **+*14%
average of 12 percent during 2000-01 to 2004-05.
Growth in Expenditure
The annual growth in expenditure during the last five years was
9.79 percent against a growth of 10 percent of the revenue
income. While the expenditure on the repairs and maintenance of
assets of SMC has come down, so has the expenditure on roads
and street lights. But repairs and maintenance of water supply
assets has increased considerably, registering a 94 percent
growth during 2001-05.
STATUS OF REVENUE ACCOUNT
SMC’s revenue account has shown surpluses all through the
assessment period, which was in turn, mainly contributed to the
capital account for taking up new works. The amount of transfer
from the revenue surpluses to capital funds is merely based on
adjustments to amounts spent on capital works rather than on any
capital utilisation plan.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 99


10.3.2 CAPITAL ACCOUNT
Capital Account - Summary
SMC funds its capital works by way of grants and loans from the
state and central governments and other institutions under
, "7
different project specific schemes. It also utilises revenue 8 6 -
surpluses on capital works. The capital account deficit for the / 1@ ; 3
years 2000-01 was Rs. 8593 lakhs. There was an excess during #$$$&$+ +#+5'1%% #$(4*1#( /)%*#1(#3
the year 2004-05 to the tune of Rs. 5248 lakhs indicating non #$$+&$# +4*##1'' +%*#(14( /#$$51(+3
#$$#&$4 +'*'1+* +'E'5$15* /+5*5514$3
utilisation to the complete extent of the new loans and grants. #$$4&$5 %4(51*( +(E#($1$' /++)*%1$*3
SMC maintains a capital fund, which comprises special purpose #$$5&$% 5'%'1)) +(E5)(1$) /+#)4$1$#3
grants from the SMC itself and the revenue surpluses transferred
to meet the capital needs.
Capital Income (2004-05)
CAPITAL INCOME
SMC is empowered by the BPMC Act to levy a betterment
1 > 1@ ;
charge for increase in the value of land and building, if they are a + K ! %(14(
result of a scheme of improvement, clearance or are & -
developments carried out by the corporation. SMC levies an #
=
##1%*
incremental contribution termed as a betterment charge, which is 4 - -= 7 +E(%(1%)
realised from the landowners, at a rate equal to one half of such 5 ! A 5'*1$#
increase in the value of the land. The revenue under this head has % ! - &
' K - $1$$
shown a constant rise from Rs. 24 lakhs during 2000-01 to about
( K - =, $1$$
Rs.57 lakhs during 2004-2005. ) , = #4%$14#
A major share of the capital income is also contributed by the ! , 5'%'1))
capital profit on sale of fixed assets which is fluctuating and
current in nature. The income under this head was as high as Rs.
6206 lakhs during 2000-01. During 2004-05, the income from
this head is Rs. 1758 lakhs. During the same year capital Capital Expenditure (2004-05)
contributions from the public were also high at Rs. 469 lakhs.
B "3
&
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE 1 >
(
"
By the end of the year 2004-05, the roads and bridges sectors : -J
@ ++(#1#4 '1($
became the most prioritised sector with 37 percent of the capital
K +%'%1%* )1*%
expenditure being incurred on them. The highest growth in 4+'1+$ +1)+
expenditure is also under this head with a total expenditure of K '%#41(# 4(14+
Rs. 4655 lakhs in 2000-01 to Rs. 6524 lakhs in 2004-05. Capital A 6 @ +4*#1$* (1*'
works under this head include conversion of major roads to < 5$451*+ #41$(
cement concrete roads and construction of new flyovers. The E. A "0 +)5(1)+ +$1%(
share of this sector during 2000-01 was 22 percent of the total : A 1 "0 ++51'% $1''
-- "0 #5414( +14*
capital expenditure. Water supply is next in order with a share of
= E= 7 = #('1'$ +1%)
23 percent followed by expenses on procuring machinery and . = 7 $1$$ $1$$
equipment. The amount spent on capital works in water supply ! "7 +(5)(1$) +$$1$$
was an average of about Rs. 2650 lakhs per year during 2001-05
and remains one of the most prioritised sectors. Sewerage and
drainage sector also received priority with 8 % of investment
during 2004-05 at Rs. 1392 lakhs spent.
Capital expenditure during the last five years by the SMC has
followed the planned expenditure pattern under the first CCP
prepared in 2001.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 100


CAPITAL ACCOUNT – DEFICIT
The deficit of income over expenditure was an average of Rs. 33
lakhs during the last five years which has come down from a
high of Rs. 13737 lakhs during 1999-00. This is contributed
mainly by the planned programme intervention of SMC through
the first City Corporate Plan prepared in 2001. Revenue
surpluses transferred to the capital fund and loans secured from
national and international lending agencies like the World Bank,
state government, LIC, HUDCO etc are effectively scheduled to
manage the capital account deficit.

LOANS
The capital account is largely dependent on loans to take up new
capital works. The borrowings of SMC during 2001-2005 are
from the state government, HUDCO, NHB, World Bank,
commercial banks and from the open market. Short-term loans
obtained during 1998-2000 were converted to long-term loans
st
from 2000-01. New loans to the extent of Rs. 125 Crores are Outstanding Loans as on 31 March
procured during the period 2001-05 to take up a large number of 2005 (Rs. Lakhs)
planned capital works for the overall development of the city of @ 1@ ;
Surat. @ @
. ; 6 +E%4(1$$
? $1$$
New Loans taken by SMC during 2000-01 to 2004-05 (Rs. Lakhs) < K ; $1$$
@ #$$$&$+ #$$+&$# #$$#&$4 #$$4&$5 #$$5&$% @,! $1$$
@ @ > 6! $1$$
. ; 6 & & & & & > K ; +$'%1$$
? & & & & & ! K ; $1$$
< K ; & & & & & $1$$
@,! & & & & & @ $1$$
> 6! #$(1*( & & & & #'$#1$$
> K ; +E45(1)5 & & & &
! K ; #E(%$1$$ & & & &
& )#''1$$ & & &
@ & & & & &

Outstanding Loans
The total outstanding loan amount with SMC at the end of the
financial year 2004-05 as on 31st March 2005 is Rs. 2602 lakhs.
This includes new loans obtained during 2000-01 to 2004-05
from open market and National Housing Bank.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 101


> = , / ? - #$$+&#$$%3
. / 3
10.3.3 ACCOUNTING OF DEPRECIATION
! 1 +()$
Depreciation is an important item of expense under this system -
*4
of accounting. Under provision for depreciation would vitiate the ? ,
, ? , ++1(4
view presented by the income and expenditure account. -
Therefore, the corporation has worked out a lump sum factor of ? ,
+#14(
depreciation over the last five years. It has assumed depreciation ! 1 +'5*
on buildings, plant and machinery and vehicles and - & 7
+%1'%
transportation equipment amounting to about Rs. 3 lakhs per , ? ,
annum. . / 73
7 +# 4$
It is important that in some cases, several kinds of fixed assets - 7
#%
may form part of a single asset, eg. parks may comprise a part of ? ,
land, building, pumping station, etc., some of which may be 6 1 %%'
#14
depreciable while others may be non-depreciable. Even the
"7 .
depreciable assets may have varying useful lives. In order that ! "7 1 +#*)
depreciation can be computed properly, it is important to account -" 7
for each of these items under different account heads. %4145
? 7
-" 7
44
10.4 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ?
@ .
Indicators are facts about project implementation results, not & 1 +$(
actions. The standard practice by banks and borrowers is to ?
$
consider performance targets as indicative. The technique of -
financial analysis is a useful tool to analyse the municipal -
$1(+
corporation’s financial position. Ratio analyses presented here ! -
provide information about efficiency and operational / 73
)*
performance, and debt servicing. As such they provide insight ! 41('
into areas that merit further investigation but do not, in 6 ? +'1$$
themselves, provide definite answers on the financial condition
of a given service. And hence, they have been calculated as an
average over a period of five years, to provide a realistic picture.

Operating Ratio
Operating Ratio (OR) is the ratio of revenue expenditure to
revenue income and it indicates financial status or “profitability”
of local body operations. Sound financial management requires
that this ratio should be less than unity. The average OR of SMC
works out to 0.71. The OR below 1.0 in SMC indicates that it
has had a surplus revenue account over the last five years.
Revenue surpluses indicated by the operating ratio are mainly
used for capital works. This is a healthy indicator.
Debt Servicing Ratio
Debt Servicing Ratio (DSR) is the ratio of debt payment to total
revenue income. This indicator helps in assessing the implication
of debt on the local body’s finances. It has been observed that
SMC services its debts on a regular basis. The analysis indicates
that the average DSR with respect to revenue income is 16
percent. It gives an indication of debt payment to the total
revenue income. The outstanding loan amount with SMC was Rs
2602 Lakhs and there are no overdues to any of the lending
organisation with respect to principal as well as interest.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 102


Capital Utilisation Ratio sources) of SMC, are found to be
marginally higher than that of
Capital Utilisation is the ratio of capital expenditure to the Ahmedabad Municipal
capital income. This ratio indicates the performance of the local Corporation.
body in terms of utilisation of capital income- it could also be an
indicator of the local body’s capacity to utilise capital resources. • Income from own-sources is fairly
A capital utilisation ratio of greater than unity indicates that the high but is dominated by income
revenue account surplus has been utilised for capital works, from octroi. The resource position
which is a positive feature. A CU ratio below unity indicates that of SMC is sound with income from
either capital income is being diverted for revenue expenditure property tax assessments at 25
(when O.R. is also above 1), or that part of the capital income percent of revenues against
was unspent during the financial year under consideration. collection performance ranging
between 85 and 89 percent. The
The Capital Utilisation Ratio (CUR) of SMC is just above unity tax rates of water and conservancy
at 3.76. The planned expenditure over the past five years is a have not been revised during the
clear indication of the CUR being just above unity along with past five years.
operating ratio being below unity. However, the situation also
refers to non-utilisation of the capital available in that financial
year to the complete extent, which SMC will need to plan
accordingly.
Share of Establishment Expenditure in Total Revenue
Income
This is expressed as a ratio of establishment expenditure to
operating cost (revenue income). Its contribution (including
salaries and wages, pension, reimbursement, etc) has accounted
for 40.32 percent of the total revenue income during 2001-2005.
This has come down from over 50% till FY 2000-01 indicating
the effective control of the establishment expenses on one hand
and enhancement of revenues on the other hand by SMC during
the assessment period.
10.4.1 STATUS OF MUNICIPAL FINANCES
• Revenue expenditure has been primarily directed towards
establishment expenses (40.32 percent) followed by
administration and general expenditure (18.62 percent).
• Revenue through the levy of octroi contributes to over 57
percent of the total revenue of the corporation and property
tax contributes to about 25 percent of the total revenue
income. The average collection performance of the same has
been over 88 per cent from 2000-01 to 2004-05.
• Capital expenditure has been mainly directed towards the
public works (roads/bridges/street lighting) and water supply
at 37 and 23 percent respectively, which is followed by
plant, machinery and equipment (11 percent).
• While the capital account has witnessed a deficit over the
years, the revenue account has been accruing a substantial
amount of surplus. CAPEX has decreased from Rs. 207
Crores in 2000/01 to Rs. 175 Crores in 2004-05.
• SMC' s performance with respect to resource mobilisation
and expenditure has been reasonably good during the recent
past. The per capita incomes, (both revenue as well as own

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 103


10.5 FINANCES OF SUDA

10.5.1 REVENUE ACCOUNT


The revenue account comprises of the income from scrutinity
charges, development charges, zoning fee, water charges and
interest on deposit and expenditure on establishment,
administration and O & H charges, repairs and maintenance,
debt servicing etc.

10.5.2 CAPITAL ACCOUNT


SUDA’s main source of capital income is betterment charges for
increase in the value of land and buildings, as it is a result of
implementation of TP schemes. Other sources include:
contribution from the beneficiaries, sale of land allotted under
TP scheme for public purposes and capital expenditure mainly
on construction of new roads, water supply schemes, sewerage
projects, street light, storm water projects, lake development,
solid waste management etc. preparation of TP schemes and
acqisition of land.

Due to availability of sufficient funds on capital surplus, SUDA


does not need to go for major borrowing from financial
institutions, nevertheless, SUDA needs adequate fund for taking
up all development works, to provide basic aminities like water
supply, sewerage, storm water disposal, road, street light,
disposal of solid waste which is almost lacking in this area as
discussed in detail in previous chapters. For expenditure on
building, SUDA arranges loans on behalf of the beneficiaries. As
such there is no major impact on revenue expenditure from
capital surplus.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 104


., * + .,) &. /+
- + ,4 # .5 +

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 105


!"# * + ., ' '
- + ,4 # .5
4 , 6 .,
11.1 STRATEGIC FOCUS
The genesis of this Vision emerges from the fact that this city’s SURAT VISION 2020
population, with its continuing high growth, is likely to double
from the present 2.8 million to 5.5 to 6.0 million by the year STRENGTHS
2020*. For sustained growth of its economic base for the city to Diversity in economic base: Textiles, diamond
be attractive, and improve quality of life, there is a need to cutting and polishing, zari industry, major market
for yarn and major center for trade in the region
position this city in a manner to sustain this level of growth and Sustained growth spread over four decades
strengthen the response mechanism of agencies to address Emergence of a petrochemical complex in the
growth demands. region and centrally promoted SEZ
Quality-Cheap labor
The Suratis'homespun kindliness, charity, entrepreneurship and Responsive Local Administration
above all a strong civic pride are the traits that have helped the Strong sense of belongingness and pride of being a
Surati and at the same time always willing to accept
city flourish. The resourceful and inclusive city, with a dynamic and include people from other cultures
local authority, thrives for excellence to become a dominant The city is known for its social harmony
player in the global scenario. SMC- SUDA initiated a public Adequate social services such as education and
health
consultation in this regard to define the cities vision and Seen as an alternate to Mumbai as a place of
priorities. The collective vision of the stakeholders as outlined is residence
based on assessment of a wide range of elements affecting
growth and the quality of life. To realize the vision of a ' Global WEAKNESSES
City with Global Standards'by 2020, a structured program of Medium quality of Power supply
actions and initiatives has been defined. Weak connectivity with major centers/ world cities
from a competitive perspective
The Strategic Focus is structured around three elements of In between two major metro's (Mumbai and
Ahmedabad)
Promoting Growth for economic development; Good Multi tiered protocols for industrial clearances
Governance to enable Improved Service Delivery. However, the Rigid land conversion and town planning process
overarching objective of this strategy is to promote safety, Unregulated peri-urban growth and weak
institutional structures
security, and environmental quality. The strategic focus and Large segment of work force and population living
operational strategies have been detailed in the following in slums
sections. Dominant informal sector
High costs of living
Quality of services in peri urban areas
Absence of education facilities to respond to local
industrial demand
Lack of premier institutions

OPPORTUNITIES
Growth in the region and potential for down stream
industries
Potential for demand in terms of trade and transit
services, and social sectors such as health,
education, leisure and tourism
Enhancing quality of life

THREATS
Policy risks such as incentives in neighboring
states, trade and tariff regimes on raw materials
Health concerns related to migrant population (HIV)
Environmental degradation

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 106


Simplification of land conversion
process to make available serviced
11.1.1 STRATEGIC FOCUS 1: PROMOTING GROWTH land for growth of economic
activities
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 1A: ENABLING ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT Promote New Towns
Facilitate development of new high
Surat recognizes the importance of local economic development quality residential areas with good
as a deciding factor to achieve its vision of a global city with connectivity and high levels of
global standards. The concerns are in terms of continued growth infrastructure and connectivity with
and adding value to the existing labour intensive economic base the involvement of the corporate
with necessary qualitative improvements. The way ahead relates sector
to exploiting opportunities for diversification, both in industrial
as well as service sectors, taking into consideration the potential These new residential areas will
offered by the petrochemical and natural gas based activities in attract investors and corporate
the region. Associated downstream activities are also to be houses to locate in Surat
explored. Towards this end, the city will initiate a City Economic Value Services
Development Strategy (CEDS). Offer an enriched cultural
environment and upgraded sports
Creating and Rejuvenating Markets Relates to facility for a better quality of life
Availability of land and sites in appropriate location with and thereby enhancing its
required quantity and quality is necessary positioning amongst other
Delineate areas of economic development interest in the city competing cities:
within the proposed City Economic Development Strategy Trade cum convention center
(CEDS)
High-end shopping malls,
Projects identified through this plan will be implemented multiplexes, river cruises, clubs etc.
through public-private partnerships
Leisure clubs with tennis,
Immediate investment priority area are the textile markets on swimming and golf facilities
the Ring road and old city area, GIDC estates and Udhana,
Pandesara, Bhestan, Varachha, Katargam, Sachin, other City Museum, Art Gallery,
industrial areas Museum, Planetarium, Science City
and Amphi-theatres
New city-level projects include: Gems & Jewelry park,
Apparel Park and Agro Export Zone Invite premier institutions to
establish high quality education and
Surat bazaar / haat may be developed to show case specialties training facility
from Surat: textiles, zari, diamond and food items
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 1B:
Trade and Tariff IMPROVING CONNECTIVITY
Appropriate tax and tariff regime for creating a business Substantial improvements are required
friendly environment in Surat's connectivity with other cities
Streamline procedures for clearances in the world. A combination of high-
speed, strategic connectivity through
Quality of Power Supply international air-links, national
Reliable, affordable and quality power supply to meet the expressways and water ways would be
demands of industry and trade mandatory for positioning Surat as
Mainstreaming Informal Trade Gujarat's Global City by 2020.
Providing for informal trade within context of the city'
s
Development Plan, street design by earmarking hawking/
non-hawking areas and specific town planning schemes/
urban design plans
Provide necessary public amenities and infrastructure like
pay-and-use toilets, parking and onsite improvements like
paving, vending platforms and designed kiosks
Serviced Land

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 107


11.1.2 STRATEGIC FOCUS 2: GOOD GOVERNANCE

OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 2A: MANAGING URBAN


GROWTH
For effective, safe and sustainable growth management:
Establishing a framework for planning and management of
Metropolitan City Regions, Greater Surat and Surat City
Ensure that infrastructure development and enforcement of
regulations keep pace with actual growth of cities
Improve the quality of built environment by developing good
residential areas
Effective Spatial Planning Framework
Land for Housing the Urban Poor
Create new towns to offer high quality residential and
business environment
Preparation of Town Planning Schemes
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 2B STRENGTHENING
URBAN GOVERNANCE
To make the city more responsive and responsible, improve
governance and management through:
Establishing mechanisms for making city governance more
transparent and accountable and enhancing public
participation in governance
Streamline administrative procedures for efficient urban
management
Initiate e-governance for improved performance and service
delivery.
Raising adequate resources for realizing the vision of a
Global City with Global Standards
Resources Mobilization to Realize the Vision of Global City
Global Standards
SMC/SUDA to be Transparent, Accountable and Responsive
Public Participation in Governance
Capacity Building
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 2C INTER AGENCY
COORDINATION
Surat Municipal Corporation is to play a pivotal role for
coordinating with the state government departments and other
important agencies for cohesive growth in the City Region. It
will also have to improve and streamline its inter-departmental
coordination.
Inter-departmental Coordination
Coordinating with State Government
Coordinating with other agencies

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 108


11.1.3 STRATEGIC FOCUS 3: IMPROVED SERVICE
DELIVERY

OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 3A ACCESS TO BASIC


SERVICES
Surat must invest to strengthen its city basics and upgrade its
water supply, wastewater management, municipal solid waste
disposal, public sanitation to the next level by improving the
quality of services and improved service delivery. It must adopt
world-class infrastructure standards. Undertake phased
upgrading of infrastructure, expanding infrastructure to SUDA
areas, in
Water Supply
Public Health and Sanitation
Integrated Water Management Strategy
Storm Water Management
Municipal & Bio-Medical Waste Management
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 3B MASS TRANSIT
Urban transport through enhanced accessibility and mobility
enables increase in efficiency and productivity, increase in
access to amenities, reduction in commuting costs, efficient use
of scarce land resource and contributes to improvement of the
environment.
Circular Surface Railway
Bus Transit System
Integrated Mass Rapid Transit
OPERATIONAL STRATEGY 3C ROAD NETWORK
IMPROVEMENTS
Today Surat is experiencing traffic congestion causing traffic
delays, inconvenience because of limited provision of public
transport facility, amplified due to rapid growth of population
and a very rapid increase in motorization. Parking problem is
very acute in the old city, institutional area and in the business
districts of Surat.
Neglecting pedestrians, bicycles and other non-motorized traffic
has added to the problem, resulting in severe traffic delays,
accidents and deteriorating air quality. These adversely impact
on economic efficiency, environmental, and health aspects. The
social costs incurred by the poor due to cumulative health
impacts, land price impacts and journey time & cost impacts are
large. The strategy to improve the road network will essentially
comprise of improving linkages within the city by removing
bottlenecks and constructing new flyovers/ ROBs/ underpasses
New Road Links, Fly overs and Road Over Bridges
Remove Bottlenecks and Improve Road Network
Parking

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 109


11.1.4 OVERARCHING OBJECTIVES

A SAFE AND SUSTAINABLE CITY


Surat aims at becoming an enterprising and inviting city by
creating a safe living and business friendly environment. Surat to
offer a safe and sustainable environment to promote growth
Enforce Safety Regulations
Improve Civic Safety
B IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Pollution-free, clean and green environment by managing
pollution. A cleaner river and sustained efforts towards natural
resource management and energy efficiency in internal systems
are important.
Environmental sustainability is the basic foundation for any city
aiming for world-class living standards. Surat will consciously
make efforts to ensure a pollution-free, clean and green city
environment that does not threaten the local ecological balance
by fast-paced developments. “Eco City Surat” status has
achieved through a judicious mix of environmental sustainability
measures, pollution control, urban forestry development,
wastewater reuse/ recycling, rainwater harvesting and energy
conservation focussing on:
Industrial Pollution Prevention
Environmental Management Plan
Vehicular Pollution Control
Protect and Develop Tapi River
Energy Conservation

11.1.5 TOWARD IMPLEMENTATION


SMC/SUDA has initiated actions to update its medium term
financial framework to prioritize investment and related policy
interventions. The consultations with stakeholders would
continue and form the basis for operational decisions.
On the extra Municipal issues, a high-powered Steering
Committee under the Chairmanship of the Chief Minister should
be established to steer the agenda. SMC-SUDA would continue
to facilitate the dialogue.
A Senior Officer of the local body will act as the focal point to
oversee the dialogue and progress in implementation; Heads of
Departments will head the sectoral groups- responsible for
initiation of actions to prepare working documents and develop
appropriate interventions, packaged for implementation.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 110


11.2 URBAN PLANNING AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT - ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
STRATEGIES & ACTION PLAN Implementation of development
plan to cover the entire city and its
STRATEGIES outgrowth with town planning
Urban growth management strategies shall take into account the schemes
environmental concerns developing of late in the city. The
Discouraging excessive urban
strategies are to facilitate a balanced growth with an efficient
sprawl by establishing appropriate
urban form devoid of congestion and conflicting land uses.
building and density regulations
Rapid and rational implementation of development plan. for selected areas
Implementation of the development plan lies in the Establish green belts and buffer
finalisation of the Town Planning Schemes covering the zones
corporation area as well as the SUDA area. In these,
Development of geographical
regularisation drives for illegal non-conflicting changes in
information systems
land use and demolition drive for illegal non-confirming
land uses shall be taken up. Implementation of major road
alignments
Development restrictions in specific areas.
Restriction of development in specific areas shall be taken
up by finalising TP schemes with provisions for open/ green
spaces acting as buffer zones. This is also to create an
efficient urban form and for decongestion of the CBD,
wherein the state transport bus-stand has to be shifted to an Institutions
alternate location. SUDA
Decentralised planning and increased citizens’ Surat Municipal Corporation
involvement in the development planning process.
Town Planning Department
Public participation and consultation at neighbourhood level
regarding land use and growth patterns shall create social Voluntary organizations and
benefits and avoid non-conforming land uses. Increased NGOs
citizens’ involvement in the development planning process Citizens’ Council/ Groups
shall be pursued actively to achieve the above-mentioned
social benefits.
Improved co-ordination between various sanctioning and
implementing agencies.
Non-conforming land uses and major non-aligned sections
towards the periphery of the corporation shall be corrected
with improved co-ordination between the implementing
agencies, SMC and SUDA, and necessary changes shall be
incorporated in the development plan.
Optimum use of municipal land and inviting private
sector to act work with the public sector.
The land and real estate owned by the corporation in the city
shall be utilised for commercial development either by itself
or through leasing out to private users. This shall help to
mobilise financial resources for implementation of the
SMC’s Capital Improvement Programme.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 111


SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
PROJECT
11.2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS This revitalization plan for the next
five years includes:
INNER CITY REVITALIZATION
The Surat Inner City or the historical walled city has an area of Cement Concrete roads for all
8.16 sq.km. It is a densely populated area with a population of major having width between 10 m
3.63 lakh in 1971 and 4.14 lakh in 2001. Ageing infrastructure, and 24 m and concrete pavers
old municipal services (such as B.B. masonry box drain and block roads for minor roads
storm drain system) loss of traditional character, deteriorating having width less than 4 m.
environmental quality and maximum slum population in inner Development of Ring Road,
city are the basic factors, which lead to the need for revitalization including parking, and traffic
of inner city. The study area delineated for this revitalization amenities below flyover/bridges
plan includes the municipal wards no. 1 to 12 covering the inner etc.
city and part of the area in the immediate periphery of the Ring Parking facilities in most
Road. congested areas like Hira Bazaar
at Khan Saheb’s Dela and Dhobi
$ < + "3 A 5 "C " & " (
"C
ni Wadi.
2"
Providing sewerage system for
+ various areas in the walled city
" Providing storm water drain
" ' structures of B.B. masonry
& ( 4 C" Repairs and Restoration of
&.( 4 " Heritage properties like the Sir J.
* " ' J. Training institute, Old Civil
' " + Hospital, and ASI monuments like
* Mirza Swami’s Tomb, Kavi
/ Narmad’s house, etc.
$ ) *
< )"
Restoration of ovaras
(embankments) like Raja Ovara,
$ "+# Ghanta Ovara, Patalia Hanuman
, *
< )" Ovara, by making a welcome gate,
7 * road, pavements, compound wall,
0% ' * etc.
4 Housing related projects like
" " "3
construction of vegetable, fruit and
@
fish markets, community halls and
7 "% * administration buildings.
' "C
Erection of new light poles for
"++% proper illumination.
9+ 9 Providing traffic amenities like
footbridge at Chowk Bazaar
- " "3
junction, intersection development,
) *
" construction of channelizers, etc.
2 33
G% " 5 " '
, " +

#
7 *
2@ 2:

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 112


Existing Public Private Partnerships
"
11.3 BASIC SERVICES AND URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE – -6
STRATEGIES AND ACTION PLAN + < J A. -< E
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 113


11.3.1 REFORMS IN WATER SUPPLY 24 X 7 Water Supply System
24 X 7 Water supply scheme is
Water Supply Grid System - For Uninterrupted Water envisaged in the year 2021 as per the
Supply water supply Master Plan prepared by
Initially, entire water supply for Surat city was dependant on one Tata Consulting Engineers. But Surat
water works only. Therefore, shutdown/ closure of the plant Municipal Corporation intends to
caused regular interruption in the entire water supply system. implement the same by the year 2011..
Today, there are four water works and nine water distribution To minimize the risk level, scheme
stations interconnected in a grid in such a way that : will be implemented first for pilot zone
Failure of any water works does not cause any disruption on only. After reviewing the results for
the entire water supply system pilot zone, the scheme will be
All the water distribution stations can be fed from any of the implemented further for the rest of the
alternative water works. city as per the recommendations of the
consultant to be appointed.
Private Sector Participation Implementation of the scheme in the
At present, Surat Municipal Corporation is outsourcing phased manner and hence lower
following services for water supply; segmental investment.
"Operation & Maintenance" of water treatment plants at Estimated expenditure of proposed 24
Sarthana & Rander. x 7 water supply scheme is Rs.1530
Valve operation in the different parts of the city. Lacs.
Collection of water samples during the water supply period. Key Benefits
Housekeeping & gardening of Water Works & Water Consistent pressure & quantity of
Distribution Stations water at all the times - means less
Surat Municipal Corporation is exploring more possibilities for chances of leakages &
private sector involvement - Like Annual "Operation & contamination of water.
Maintenance" contract for one Water Distribution Station and Less chances of outbreak of water-
Intake well on experimental basis. borne diseases.
Wastage of water is reduced at
ISO-9001-2000 Certification for Water Supply consumer level.
Surat Municipal Corporation is the very first local body in the
whole country to think and start the process for getting ISO Continuous water supply to citizens'
certification for the entire water supply system. Quality, quantity - means higher satisfaction at
and timing of water supply will be the main criteria under the consumer level.
ISO Certification. The process of training of the staff regarding Prevention of breeding of
ISO certification has already been started. It is expected to be mosquitoes, as storage of water is
achieved positively in the year 2006. mostly eliminated.

Modernization of Existing Infrastructure of Water Supply


Following modernization/ up-gradation of existing infrastructure
of water supply are in the process at present;
Implementation of SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition) system.
On-line Ultrasonic Flow meters on all the transmission mains
For accurate measurement of water being supplied and water
auditing
To detect the leakages and un accounted water flow in the
system
To monitor and control the pumping operations

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 114


STRATEGIES
The strategies are in accordance with the suggestions of the
citizens, elected representatives and the other stakeholders
involved in the entire City Development Strategies process. The Goal
Water Supply Planning .Surat Municipal Corporation intends
to get ISO-9001-2000 certification for
While the current works shall focus on the source consistent quality, quantity & timing of
augmentation, yield increase, adequate storage and treatment water supply given to the citizens.
facilities for future requirements, the programme shall be so Documentation part of the certification
designed to match the community needs. The entire system has been mostly completed. It is
shall be augmented and structured in a sustained process. expected that the whole process of
Water Auditing getting the ISO certification shall be
completed by March 2006.
Water auditing is the best practice to reduce the system
losses and make the entire supply of water accountable. This
involves leak detection studies apart from studies on the
quality and quantity of water drawl at the consumer end and
explores ways and means for effective water supply systems.
Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building Institutions
The members of the hydraulic department shall undergo Ground Water Resources
training in project planning, implementation, monitoring and Development Corporation
evaluation. The significance of people’s participation in Central Ground Water Board
water conservation shall also be realised.
Surat Municipal Corporation

ACTION PLAN/ TASKS


Sustainability Indicators
Assessment, management and utilisation of ground water
resources in and around Surat city.Controlling and diversion Gross supply
of polluted waste water discharge into the river at the T&D losses and unaccounted for
upstream of weir. water
Treatment capacity to total supply
Finding an alternative source of water for improved
Storage capacity to total supply
sustainability of water supply to citizens.
Distribution network to total road
An inventory of possible leaks and sources of unaccounted length
for water followed by water auditing every three years (a Number of house service
technical team from S.M.C. or a private consultancy shall connections to total property tax
take up the task). assessments
Procurement of quality meters and conversion of un-metered
connections to metered ones and revision of tariff with
political willingness
Involve private sector in operation and maintenance on
contract basis.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 115


11.3.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS Project Phasing
1 8 / 1@ ; 3
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA 1
Surat Municipal Corporation has prepared a long-term master +1 #$$%&$' 4%5$1'
plan in the year 1995 for water supply scheme of Surat city in #1 #$$'&$( ($#)1)
consultation with Tata Consulting Engineers, Mumbai. The 41 #$$(&$) )'(5
master plan was prepared to fulfill the water demand for the 51 #$$)&$* 4)$'
%1 #$$*&+$ +'%'
projected population growth for the horizon year 2021, '1 #$+$&++ +$$'
considering the base year as 1995.water treatment plant. The (1 #$++&+# &
project identified here are in consensus with this master plan. @ #%(++15

PROJECTS
IDENTIFIED FOR WATER SUPPLY (SMC AREA)
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" % " "3 8 6$ " " '
= '# , .% " $ "

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 116


+ " % " "3 -$ :
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 117


IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SUDA AREA
utmost priority developmental work.
GWSSB (Gujarat Water Supply and
At present, SUDA area has no water supply system of its own. Sewerage Board) has proposed and
The main source of water for various villages in SUDA area is approved Variav Regional Water
the ground water; being tapped through bore wells or the water Supply project to cater the drinking
supply schemes supported by GWSSB. With the rapid water needs of 156 villages of
urbanization in the SUDA area water supply schemes are the Choryasi, Olpad and Kamrej taluka of
Surat district which also includes a
water filtration plant at the cost of Rs.
< 6 - 1 1 1+ ( -: - 6 66.43 crores. Besides, a provision has
/! , 1! " 3
also been made in this project for the
1 6 ! , ,,
requirements of 60 MLD of water for
"C 7
Surat Urban Development Authority
" % " & " ( 9 9 9 9
(SUDA) and 5 MLD of water for the
# ' + ' & 4 ,(
" "3 "C
upcoming Special Economic Zone
8 56 $ % + 9 % + 7 "% 1 " "
(SEZ). The Singanpore Weir on Tapi
""+ river near Surat has been therefore
7 '# " H identified as a sustainable source of
7 '# " H water supply for this Variav Regional
4 1 - " %+ Water Supply Project.
"%
4 C" "+ " "3 # $% "
7# H $ +
7# H "
, .% " < )" )
7# H +' " * .
7# H +' " 3 .
4 "% # " % "+ "% ' # 2 +
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+'
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7# H +'
") " " * 96 ' *9 2 2% 4
" # , .% " $ " 1
$ % . 2" , .% " < ) "
B " * 5 ! 4*'
+*1*4( & GWSSB has also agreed to supply the
! - Q +*1*5 9 %1)) #%1)# aforementioned volume of water to
< 6 - 1 1 1 )E *E +$E +5E +%E +' - SUDA from the Variav Regional
& - 6 /! , 1! " 3 Water Supply Scheme. On the basis of
"C 7 this scheme, SUDA has now proposed
" % " & " ( Water Supply Schemes for Vesu as
# ' + ' & 4 ,( well as Pal-Palanpore areas. The
" "3 "C salient details of both these schemes
8 56 $ % + 9 % + 7 "% 1 " " along with their estimated costs are
""+
given in the adjoining table.
4 1 - " %+
"% In addition to this, other water supply
, .% " < )" projects are also proposed in the
4 "% # " % "+ "% ' periphery areas of the city covering
# 9 " ' 9$ ."
about 8400 hactres. These additional
") " " * 96 ' *9 2
peripheral areas are included in the 68
"
$ % . 2"
TPS proposed by SUDA. The
B " *
estimated cost for the water supply
+$145 &
projects in this TPS areas is amounting
! - Q +$145 9 414+ +41'%
to be about RS. 396 crores.
Phase I: for the requirement till 2019 AD
PhaseII: for the requirement till 2034 AD

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 118


The Goal
11.3.3 SEWERAGE SYSTEM The year 2021 sees a wastewater
generation of nearly 912.5 MLD by
STRATEGIES about 51.7 lakh persons through 100%
With a comprehensive sewerage system already nearing population and area coverage (to be
completion, the strategies would focus upon planning for the achieved by 2012). For the year 2021,
future needs with cost effective operation and maintenance. an ultimate treatment capacity of
Augmentation and rehabilitation of the system 1194.5 MLD is envisaged. The
distribution network will extend to a
The sewerage system being put into operation caters to the length of about 1250 km.
population needs for the year 2021 Extension of the capacity
of the existing sewerage treatment plants becomes necessary ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
to cater to the needs of 2011 and 2021. This shall also Extension, augmentation and
involve revitalisation of the sewerage network in the walled rehabilitation of existing systems
city area, Athwa, Umra and Adajan, which will solve a large in an efficient manner to match the
number of issues with regard to frequent spilling, leaks etc. community needs and desired
Regularisation targets by 2012.
The large number of illegal outfalls/ outlets into the drains of Installation of biogas based power
the city is a major hurdle in revenue generation as the plants at all the STPs.
number of connections is comparatively low. A Execution of drainage network in
regularisation drive affecting an impact fee shall direct the the Industrial area along with the
system towards effective cost recovery with an increase in pumping station and common
the number of connections. effluent treatment plant.
Effective operation & maintenance An inventory of locations of spills,
With two of the sewerage treatment plants already under leaks and mixing areas of storm
private operation and maintenance, the corporation has plans water with solid waste.
to extend the same principle to the newly constructed STPs. Mapping and creation of
at Bamroli-Vadod and Singanpore. Incentives for improved Geographical Information System
performance shall be included in the management contract. (GIS) detailing out system
At the same time, SMC shall continue to operate and location, characteristics, and age to
maintain the Anjana and Bhesan STPs and all the SPSs. The enable a constant check on
0.5 MW biogas based power plant is under operation since malfunctions
2004. The other 5 STPs shall also equipped with the Biogas
based power plant to run the STP more efficiently with less Regularisation drive to be taken up
maintenance cost. as also an awareness campaign on
getting a sewerage connection.
System maintenance plan
Institutions
A system maintenance plan involving the components of
routine, corrective and preventive maintenance shall be Surat Municipal Corporation
prepared apart from an inventory of the entire system to aid Private Sector
the preparation of Geographical Information System.
Citizens’ Council
Common Effluent Treatment Plant
Sustainability Indicators
A common effluent treatment plant is necessary to install to
stop the industrial wastewater flow to the creek without Total sewerage generation
treatment plant. Total area served to total area
Total population served to total
Awareness campaign on recycling/ reuse population
An awareness campaign regarding the importance of Sewer network length to total road
recycling and reuse of wastewater for various household length.
purposes shall be taken up to tackle any unforeseen situation Treatment capacity to total
in the future. sewerage generated

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 119


At present, flow from the entire
Pandesara GIDC area is 100 MLD.
11.3.4 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS To cope up with the future
requirement of 200 MLD in 2021,
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA the drainage network along with
Augmentation of Adajan Drainage Scheme the pumping station will be
The Adajan S.P.S. was designed to transmit the flow of 15 constructed. The CETP will be
MLD, whereas presently 20 MLD flow has been reaching constructed for the present flow of
this S.P.S. To cope with the present situation as well as to 100 MLD.
meet future demands new augmentation scheme is adopted. .
Augmentation of Singanpore Sewage
Augmentation of Bhesan Sewage Treatment Plant Treatment Plant
The expected flow reaching the Bhesan STP by 2011 is 95 The expected flow reaching the
MLD. To cope up with this requirement and to Singanpore STP by 2011 is 150
accommodate the generated flow for treatment it is planned MLD. To cope up with this
to augment the capacity of 40 MLD and making it 100 MLD requirement for treatment it is
capacity. planned to augment the capacity of
50 MLD and making it 150 MLD
Sewage Gas Based Power Plants capacity, with tertiary treatment
Since October 2003, the sewage gas based power plant facility
having capacity of 0.5 Mw has been run by SMC. Inspired
from the successful running of this plant at Anjana STP, the Augmentation of Karanj Sewage
SMC has decided to set up other such sewage gas based Treatment Plant
power plants at Bhatar, Karanj, Bhesan, Bamroli and The expected flow reaching the
Singanpore sewage treatment plants at a total cost of Rs. 22 Karanj STP by 2011 is 140 MLD.
crores. To cope up with this requirement
and to accommodate the generated
Augmentation of Athwa Sewerage Scheme flow for treatment it is planned to
The Athwa Scheme was put into operation way back in 1979 augment the capacity of 40 MLD
as well as due to unexpected rise in contributory population and making it 130 MLD capacity.
the amount of sewerage generated has increased greatly,
making the drainage capacity insufficient. All this Augmentation of Bhatar Sewage
necessitates the augmentation of the scheme. Treatment Plant
The expected flow reaching the
Augmentation of Anjana sewage treatment plant including Bhatar STP by 2012 is 200 MLD.
SITC of dewatering system To cope up with this requirement
The capacity of the existing STP at Anjana 82.5 MLD and and to accommodate the generated
about 55 MLD of sewage is being pumped into it. The flow for treatment it is planned to
effluent transfer pumps are to be replaced and it is proposed augment the capacity of 80 MLD
to increase the levels of primary treatment unit by and making it 200 MLD capacity.
constructing new ones. The estimated cost of the project is
Rs. 11 crores. It is proposed to be implemented in the years Augmentation of Bamroli Sewage
2006-08. Treatment Plant
The expected flow reaching the
Secondary Treatment Plant at Bamroli Bamroli STP by 2012 is 140 MLD.
The capacity of the existing sewage treatment plant at To cope up with this requirement
Bamroli is 100 MLD with current flow reading 25 MLD. In and to accommodate the generated
order to support the existing plant and improve the quality of flow for treatment it is planned to
treatment another secondary plant is proposed. augment the capacity of 40 MLD
and making it 140 MLD capacity.

Common Effluent Treatment Plant along with drainage Miscellaneous works for the various
system for Pandesara GIDC. sewerage systems

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 120


The modification, replacement works for old sewerage are getting stringent. This necessitates
systems will be carried out as and when required. the augmentation / construction of
Furthermore, the drainage line works in the slums, public Sewage Treatment Plant. The proposed
roads will also be carried out as and when it requires. project also covers the augmentation of
existing Sewage Treatment Plants. The
SCADA system for all SPS and STP’s sewage from the entire city will be
The SCADA system to all SPS and STP’s will be installed in treated up to desired standard in these
a stepwise manner in the span of six years i.e. during the treatment plants and then will be
year 2006-2012. The SCADA system for STP’s will be disposed off in nearby creek / nulla
provided in the first phase. This will be followed by the thereby preserving the aquatic lives
installation of SCADA system on various SPS. Finally, they also.
will be interlinked centrally. The project will be carried out
Thus, this project will not only
in the span of six year.
improve the sanitation and hygienic
condition of the city but also preserve
Wastewater Recycle and Reuse
At present, the treated effluent is being discharged to the the environment as a whole.
open surface water bodies in the city. Looking to the scarcity Project Phasing
of the water into the near future, it is of utmost requirement 1 1 8 / 1@ ; 3
to recycle and reuse the wastewater. It is planned to provide +1 #$$%&$' +5+%
necessary further treatment to the secondary treated #1 #$$'&$( ((%$
wastewater, so that it can be used to reuse it in industries as 41 #$$(&$) ))4$
51 #$$)&$* '+#%
well as in the irrigation. This projects are planned to carried %1 #$$*&+$ %*$$
out during the year 2008-2012. '1 #$+$&++ %)$$
(1 #$++&+# 4+$$
Machineries and equipments for sewerage, SPS and STP’s @ 4)*#$
The Hon’able high court has given the direction to minimize
the use of labors in the maintenance of sewerage and sewage
pumping stations. In that direction, it is planned to purchase
the machineries and equipments like sewer jetting machine,
deep-suction machine, gulpur machine, camera for sewerage,
gas detectors, etc. The equipment will be purchased in a
phasewise manner during the period 2006-2012.

Benefits
The proposed projects will ensure underground sewerage facility
to the hitherto uncovered areas of city as well as will rectify the
drawbacks of the existing system. The different projects include
laying RCC sewers, modification and augmentation of Sewage
Pumping Stations and Sewage Treatment Plants. By
implementing this project, it is estimated to cover the population
of about 4.339 Millions of the year 2021 with the sewerage
system. By augmenting the existing system, the problems of
overflowing of sewerage manholes and overflowing of untreated
sewage into the river will be eliminated and the city will have
comprehensive sewerage system
The proposed project will also strengthen the existing sewerage
system within Athwa-Umra, Adajan and Old city area. Due to
this the overflowing and choking problems of existing sewers
will be eliminated.
As per the Water (Pollution Control) Act of 1974, any person of
local body has to treat the sewage water up to the desired
standard before discharging into the natural bodies of water or
land. Some sewage treatment plants in the city were constructed
10-15 years back and with the time, the effluent disposal criteria

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 121


Summary of Projects – Sewerage (SMC AREA)
#$$%&$' #$$'&$( #$$(&$) #$$)&$* #$$*&+$ #$+$&++ #$++&+#
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 122


IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SUDA AREA
areas. Therefore, SUDA has given a
top priority for a systematic sewerage
"6 "< " " 8 ". 1 1 1 +E #E 4E 5E %E 'E ( +4 - system with sewage treatment and
: - 6 "
disposal facilities for the Town
1 6 ! , ,,
"C 7
Planning Schemes of Vesu as well as
" % " & " ( 9 9 9 9 Pal- Palanpor area of SUDA, along
$ ) * / ") & 4 ,( with the proposed water supply system
: * / ") and storm water drainage system of
/ ") these T.P. Schemes.
" "3 "C
, * < )" Sewerage Scheme For Amroli –
2 + $ ) * %+ *$ " Chhaprabhatha (Six Villages)
+ ' $ ) * %+ *$ " & # "
(
Similarly, the sewerage prepared,
*4 3 "+ + ' $ ) * %+ * covering six villages, which is being
$ " "$ 2 rapidly developed peripheral area, near
*4 3 "+ + ' $ ) * %+ * Surat city. The phase-I scheme for this
$ " " +. + " area is designed for 25 MLD of sewage
4 "% )" 2 + $ ) *
at an estimated cost of Rs. 220 million.
%+ *$ "
4 "% )" + ' $ ) * The implementation of this project
%+ *$ " may be taken up, after getting land for
$ ) * 2 + - > ' ': " sewage treatment plant near village
- 54 " 3" 2 + $ ) * Variav.
%+ *$ "
- 54 " 3" + ' ) *
%+ *$ "
Sewerage scheme for Puna-Simada
") " " * 9* ' *9 and Parvat – Goddhara
" The sewage scheme for this area is
2" under preparation by SUDA, covering
:'' B " * the above area, which is also being
6 ' " rapidly developed near Surat city. The
+* ! - 5(14( Phase-I scheme for this area is
- 1 1 1 )E *E +$E +5E +%E +' - &
- 6 designed for 50 MLD of sewage at an
"C 7 estimated cost of Rs. 450 million.
" % " & " ( 9 9 9 9
$ ) * / ") & 4 ,(
: * / ")
/ ") . ! - ! 1
" "3 "C
, * < )" + ! #)'
2 + $ ) * %+ $ & # " (
*4 3 "+ + ' $ ) * %+ *
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$ " "$ 2
4 "% )" 2 + $ ) *
4 ,
%+ *$ "
4 ,
$ ) * 2 + - > ' ': "
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- 54 " 3" 2 + $ ) *
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") " " * 9* ' *9 4
"
2" 4 ,
4 ,
:'' B " *
4 ,
6 ' "
+% ! - #*1#% 5 ! 5#$
Phase I: for the requirement till 2019 AD
PhaseII: for the requirement till 2034 AD

In SUDA area, there is a lack of adequate sewerage system with


adequate treatment and disposal system for any of the outgrowth

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 123


11.3.5 STORM WATER DRAINAGE

STRATEGIES
Strategies for storm water drainage have been based on the fact The Goal
that roadside storm water drains are as important as the flood
protection scheme for natural drains. The year 2012 sees a complete
embankment of the River Tapi and
Drainage Rehabilitation Programme other important Khadis and canals and
Under this programme a study shall be taken up to identify a total storm water drain network of
the flood spots within the city. This shall be based on the about 85 % of the road network in that
past history of floods and a survey of all the drains in the city year.
and their conditions. Mere cleaning of the drains could drain Institutions
most of the flood spots. In almost all the cases, strengthening
of the drains and construction of leading drains will have to Narmada and Water Resources
be taken up. A desilting exercise has to be taken up in all the Department, Government of
natural and open drains. Gujarat
Construction of Roadside drains Irrigation Department,
Government of Gujarat
Adequate attention has to be given to the construction of
roadside storm water drains (both open and closed) to Surat Municipal Corporation
facilitate proper draining of storm water into natural drains Private sector
and also to maintain proper road surface. It is expected that
around 950 km of storm water drains are necessary by 2007. Citizen’s council
Rapid implementation of the Flood Protection Scheme
Funds shall be set aside for the scheme to be completed by Sustainability Indicators
2012. Rapid implementation of the scheme would definitely
reduce the operation and maintenance costs borne by SMC Storm drain network/total road
during floods. length
Effective operation and maintenance Closed drains length/total surfaced
road length
Once the flood protection scheme is in place, an operation
and maintenance plan for the entire system involving the
roadside drains, storm water drains natural drains and the
river Tapi is necessary and shall be drafted by 2007.

ACTION PLAN/ TASKS


Extension, Augmentation and rehabilitation of the existing
network to match the desired targets by 2012.
Coordinated effort with other agencies for completing the
flood protection scheme by 20059 and taking up new capital
works (bunding of khadi’s and canals).
De-silting of the River Tapi, khadi’s and open roadside
drains. And an inventory of flood spots and areas of mixing
areas with sewer lines.
An operation and maintenance plan for the embankments, sluice
regulators etc of the flood protection system and the storm water
drain network.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 124


providing storm water system, the
11.3.6 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS
problems of flooding in the area will
be eliminated and the city will have
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA comprehensive storm water system.
Capital works towards an extensive storm water drain network The proposed projects also reduce the
will be taken up on a priority basis. Based on the past history of rehabilitation expenses towards the
floods, the central and east zones will be where the network will slums located on the banks of creeks.
be completed by 2008. a network length of 5.8 km will be added
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS –
to the central zone by 2008-09 and a length of 39.66 km is to be
SUDA AREA
added to the east zone also by 2008-09. The network in the north
SUDA has given the priority to storm
zone will be completed by 2009-10 with an addition of 10.98
water drainage system for the town
km. Work in the South West, South East and West Zone will
planning schemes of Vesu area of
also be completed by 2012. By the end fo 2008-09 79.544 km of
SUDA which will solve the flooding
storm water drains shall be added to the existing 321.532 km
problems of the low-lying area under
network, taking the total length to 401.076 km. The capital
the project. The estimated cost of the
works will involve procurement and alying of 1600 mm
project is Rs. 37.31 crores.
diameter, 1400 mm diameter, 900 mm diameter and 600 mm
diameter RCC NP2 class storm drain lines. Storm Water Drains For Pal-
Under the Flood Protection Scheme of the River Tapi, Capital Palanpor
works towards embankment of the natural drains from the origin This area covers about 670
to outfall will be taken up apart from the embankment of the hectares of SUDA area. For this
river Tapi which is already in progress. The entire scheme is project, the survey and
expected to be completed by 2009. constructing of roadside investigation work is under
storm water drains in all zones to an estimated total length of progress. The probable cost
about 401.076 km by 2012 and completion of the Tapi Flood estimates for this project is Rs.
Protection Scheme by 2009. 21.00 crores.
Storm Water Drains For Amroli
Benefits
Area
The proposed projects will ensure underground storm water
This area covers about 600 hectors
drains facility to the hitherto uncovered areas of city as well as
of SUDA area. Survey and
will rectify the drawbacks of the existing system. The different
investigation work is under
projects include laying RCC storm drains. By implementing this
progress. The probable cost
projects, it is estimated to cover the population of about 4.339
estimates for this project is Rs.
Millions of the year 2021 with the storm water system. By
19.50 crores.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 125


- J < / . ! 3

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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 126


11.3.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
The Goal
STRATEGIES The year 2021 envisages a
New mechanisms of collection and disposal have to be brought comprehensive and sustained solid
in, unless lack of the same develops into an unmanageable issue. waste management system with modern
While 2021 envisages a solid waste generation of 1550 MT, the and scientific answers to collection,
immediate task before the corporation would be to identify transportation and disposal of about
suitable collection and disposal methods. 1550 MT of solid waste and bio-
Developing and maintaining a transfer station network. medical waste.
As the Bhatar site is completing its life and the Khajod Institutions
disposal site (which is away from the city) will become
operational shortly, intermediate transfer stations have to be Surat Municipal Corporation
developed and maintained. There will be a need for one or Private sector.
two such stations in each zone. This decision shall be based
on a survey of the quantity of waste generated from each Citizen’s council
ward of the city. The existing storage depots shall be
converted into such stations wherein facilities of a refuse ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
compactor, waste segregators, recycling units and disposal Maintain and manage the existing
facilities shall be provided. system through improved methods
of waste collection.
Effective positioning of solid waste collection facilities
A Geographical Information System shall be developed Preventive maintenance of refuse
regarding the existing locations of collection facilities, the collection vehicles
characteristics of the neighbourhoods being served by each Increase the door-to-door waste
container, the total amount and types of waste being collection performance and make
generated, effective walking distance from each the staff accountable and
neighbourhood to the container spot etc. The idea is to come responsible for the same as well as
out with the Geographical Positioning System for the cleanliness and effective use of
containers. This, apart from an effective location will help in public spaces.
optimum usage of containers and upkeep of surroundings.
Create waste transfer centres at
Waste segregation and reuse. appropriate locations with refuse
Source segregation of solid waste is practised in the city and compactor systems, waste
shall be effectively increased and materials of value shall be segregator systems and reuse or
segregated for recycling and income generation. Waste recycle facilities.
material from demolition sites such as timber, masonry and
Khajod waste disposal site to be
other process-able wastes shall be diverted to the transfer
commissioned shortly
stations and reused. In consultation with Community
development groups, creation of rag pickers’ societies shall Scientific disposal methods to be
be initiated in slums. Based on a survey of process-able and introduced
recyclable wastes being generated and the various reuses
Bio-medical waste treatment plant
they can be put to, such societies shall be facilitated in
at Bhatar to be commissioned by
contacting all such units and industries that can reuse them,
2003
thereby creating a corporation assisted rehabilitation and
employment generation program. Introduce private sector
Increased private sector and community participation. participation in operation and
maintenance of waste transfer
For the private sector involved in solid waste management,
centres and disposal sites.
incentives shall be introduced for improved performance.
Awareness campaigns shall be taken up in all slums and
through the media about waste minimisation, source
segregation, healthy ways of storage at source and reuse.
This is aimed at increasing level of community participation.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 127


11.3.6 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS
Details of Solid Waste Management Machinaries to be
purchased

1 , 1 1, @
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Surat Municipal Corporation has developed a site near Khajod


village for scientific land filling for the disposal of solid waste
collected as per the standards and specifications for the
collection of solid waste within the framework of MSW Rules –
2000.
Further Surat Municipal Corporation has constructed weir-cum-
causeway across the river Tapi. The water stored on the
upstream side is useful as source for intake wells. Beyond the
SMC limit drainage water is directly poured into river water.
This leads to the development of vegetation (algae, hydrilla) in
the river which affects the quality of water. In order to cut down
lots of vegetation in the river water, de-weeder machines are
required, which will be very useful to maintain the quality of
water.
Project Phasing
1 1 8 / 1
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 128


During the first phase, the ring road,
11.4 ROADS AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT- STRATEGIES
all major roads and important regional
AND ACTION PLAN corridors within the city limits shall be
taken up for up-gradation by 2012.
11.4.1 ROADS, FLYOVER/ BRIDGES

STRATEGIES The Goal


The strategies aim at covering the entire area and population of The year 2021 envisages 65 % “all
the city with an effective road network by 2012, as well as weather roads” and a total road length
improving the surface condition of the roads by 2021. of 1130 km is expected to cover the
Augmentation and asset rehabilitation. entire area and population of the
Corporation by 2012.
While the peripheral areas are to be provided with surfaced
roads, up-grading of the existing roads shall be taken up to
extend, renovate and enhance the roads. Plans shall be taken
up in a phased manner so as to optimise the cost and surface
condition and shall include upgrading earthen roads to Institutions
bituminous roads and Major corridors and roads shall be National and State Highway
upgraded to cement concrete roads. The programme shall Regulatory Authorities
also include completion of the Ring Road.
Traffic Police, Surat
Widening and strengthening of road structures and
removal of encroachments. Surat Municipal Corporation
With due consideration to the growing traffic intensity, SUDA
major roads, corridors and state highways running through NGOs
the city are to be extended and expanded. This shall involve
construction of fly-overs, bridges etc., the works on which Citizen’s council
are already in progress. This shall also involve removal of Sustainability Indicators
encroachments on road margins and strengthening of road
structures with pavements, footpaths and surfaced margins Road density
with a provision for storm water lines. Per capita road length
Concrete road length/ total road
Planning for an outer ring road length
To avoid any improper connectivity and to have proper road
alignments at a later stage when the peripheral areas outside The Capital Improvement Programme
SMC are merged with SMC, the concept of an outer ring towards investments in roads &
road connecting all such areas should be envisioned. bridges is directed towards improving
the intra & inter connectivity of the
ACTION PLAN/ TASKS peripheral areas of the corporation
All major roads to be expanded to 4-lanes and converted to and up-gradation of major roads to all
cement concrete roads weather roads by 2012 and 2021,
Increase degree of connectivity to 100 percent and respectively.
Introducing the concept of outer-ring road
Completion of the ring road from Lal Darwaja to Ved
Darwaja and Connecting the areas on the northern side of the
River Tapi with a bridge across the river
Improve connectivity in peripheral areas of the south and
south-west zones by construction of small bridges across the
khadis

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 129


11.4.2 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT The Goal
STRATEGIES The year 2021 envisages an outer ring
The strategies address the issues of traffic management and road concept with an effective traffic
public transport. Since it is the need of an efficient system rather management and efficient public
than any up-gradation or extension, the strategies shall focus transport systems and introduction of
upon system re-structuring mechanisms. metro/ suburban trains on/ under the
outer ring road, elevated roads and
Preparation of traffic and transportation master plan. fly-overs as also on the major
A comprehensive traffic and transportation master plan shall corridors of the city by 2021.
be prepared for which consultants shall be hired. The plan as Institutions
a whole shall address issues with respect to traffic
management and the public transport system. Surat Municipal Corporation
The plan shall be a comprehensive effort in identifying all SUDA
the roads, all such junctions and road-rail crossings that are Traffic Police, Surat
facing or will face traffic congestion problems. It will also
identify spatially, the inadequacy of public parking facilities, NGOs
pedestrian facilities, road dividers and traffic segregation Citizens’ groups
measures etc.
The plan shall also look into the inefficient functioning of ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
the public transport system and shall explore measures and Traffic and transportation master
options for improving the system to cater to the needs of the plan for 2021.
population in 2011 and 2021. Identification of locations for
Improvement of parking and pedestrian facilities. provision of parking facilities.

It shall be seen that all new commercial developments Alternate site location for the
adhere to the minimum provision of parking facilities. Apart central ST station.
from providing public parking spaces on important roads Traffic signs to be converted by
steps shall be initiated to avoid parking at junctions. modern elements such as thermo
Footpaths of requisite width, pedestrian crosswalks and plastic paint, retro-reflective
subways should be introduced. Vehicular traffic should be boards, gantry signage, countdown
banned or limited to only access lanes in certain stretches of clocks etc.
the CBD near the ST bus stand and railway station stands.
Lane separators on major roads to
Traffic streamlining at intersections. segregate traffic and improvised
Channelisers, traffic islands, traffic signals, dividers, lane junctions to streamline traffic flow.
separators and traffic police control shall be introduced at all Provision of adequate footpaths
important junctions based on necessity and design. A and pedestrian ways.
separate study shall be carried out consultants to suggest
improvements in the design and layout of junctions in the Awareness programme on
city. implementation of TP schemes,
traffic regulations and civic sense.
Decongestion of the CBD.
Regular maintenance and energy
Proposals shall be drawn up to decongest the CBD, in which management so as to cut down on
a mix of commercial and public activities invites a lot of the O & M expenses on street
traffic. Options of an alternate site location for the ST bus lighting.
stand shall be explored. The existing terminal can be utilised
as an alighting point. Also, possibilities of shifting certain
wholesale activities to new locations can be explored.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 130


11.4.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS

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* This will be done on b-o-t basis (Public Private Partnership)

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 131


11.4.4 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS
Development cost of corridor
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA Flyover/ Bridges/ ROB = Rs 143
Surat Municipal Corporation has planned to construct 2 Major Cr.
Bridges on river Tapi, 4 Fly over, 2 Road over bridges and CC Roads – 44.25 Cr.
bridges across creeks, details given as below. Street Furniture – 11.1 Cr.
Details of the Bridges/Flyovers/ Roads
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Project Phasing (Roads, Bridges & Fly overs) Impact Area Development
Project Phasing Roads = 8,18,060.63 sq. mt .x 1000
1 1 8 / 1 ; 3 Rs/sq. mt= Rs 81.8 Cr.
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Rs 300 crores
Other Road Development Projects
Surat-Navsari road between Udhna Darwaja to Unn Jakat
Naka having length of 7.86 km.
Surat-Bardoli road between T-Junction with Ring Road up to
junction with Godadara road near Poona Octroi Naka having
length of 2.40 km.
Surat-Dumas road between Sargam shopping centre to
Rundh Octroi naka having length of 2.80 km.
Rander road between Adajan Patiya to Ramnagar Junction
having length of 2.8 km.
Canal Road Development
Existing Canal Service Roads on both the sides of the canal that
is passing across the city to be developed into a high quality
cement concrete roads with all street furniture. This includes the
improvement of the intersections along the major linkage roads.
The length of canal inside the SMC limit is considered i.e from
Udhna Magdalla Road to Puna Jakat Naka 8.937 Km.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 132


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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 133


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IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SUDA AREA


SUDA is also planning for 4-lane ring road of 66 km length in
this peripheral area. For this, survey and investigation work is,
under progress. The probable cost of this proposed ring road is
Rs. 50 crores. Similarly, SUDA is planning for Town Planning
roads in 20 TP schemes of SUDA. The estimated cost for this is
Rs. 89.3 crores. Thus, total probable cost for the proposed roads
is Rs. 139.3 crores.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 134


of the service availability in the
11.5 HOUSING - STRATEGIES & ACTION PLAN slums and in all those slums which
STRATEGIES are not being shifted, rehabilitation
While the housing strategies are focused on facilitating the land programmes shall be taken up to
market in the city, the strategies for slum improvement are improve the living conditions.
focussed on relocation and rehabilitation programmes. Services and Individual
Connection to all
The land to be made available either by Land Acquisition
Act, 1894 or from the open market. Evolving financial mechanisms
for making housing and services
Micro level slum survey to be carried out to decide the affordable to urban poor
category of slum i.e slum upgradation, rehabilitation or
redevelopment. ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
Coordinated infrastructure
Priorities of the operation to be decided. development to facilitate land
Preparation of year wise and category wise housing market
target upto next seven (7) years. Slums that are not to be shifted to
be provided with all basic services
As per year wise target, selection of sites for the housing and new EWS housing schemes to
projects to be decided. be introduced
CPM programming will be prepared referring the Creation of community
annual targets of the housing and the execution will be development groups from within
carried out accordingly. the slums for effective
participation in rehabilitation and
Involvement of reputed NGOs (for the awareness
relocation
programs, development of civic habits of the slum
Capacity building of the
dwellers, for the operating recovery mechanism, quality
community development groups.
construction of houses etc.).
The cleanliness drive already taken
Preparation of building plans and estimates and its up in the slums of the city to be
sanction from the Competent Authority. further strengthened through
participatory techniques.
Submission of the projects to the Government.
The Goal
Execution of the project after Govt. approval.
The year 2021 envisages a “zero slum
Identification of beneficiaries. city” in a phased manner.
Provision of basic and social infrastructure. Institutions
Allotment of houses. Real estate developers
Regularisation of illegal land conversions and Surat Municipal Corporation
unauthorised layouts.
Illegal conversion of agricultural land on the fringes of the Voluntary Organisations
city has happened in the past and several unauthorised NGOs, CBOs
layouts have sprung up. The corporation intends to regularise
these conversions through the levying of an impact fee after Citizen’s council
which the land use for the specified areas shall be made legal Sustainability Indicators
and adequate infrastructure shall be provided.
Relocation of slums along water bodies and transport Occupancy rate
corridors. Vacancy rate
It has been observed that 34 percent of the total numbers of Number of slums along water
slums in the city are either along major transport corridors or bodies and transport corridors/
water bodies. Identification of relocation sites and provision total number of slums.
of infrastructure in these areas shall be in consultation with Number of slum dwelling units
the community development. relocated/ rehabilitated
Slum Rehabilitation Programme. Monthly household income of
The community development groups shall help the Slum Up- rehabilitated slum dwelling units/
gradation Cell of the corporation in preparing an inventory income before rehabilitation

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 135


various types of housing schemes for
the rehabilitation
11.5.4 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS $ " " <" "3 " : +
<" % ?+
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA 2 $ + = :4 0:A
<" & ' ( 7 "% *
SLUM UPGRADATION / <" $ + 3"
Surat Municipal Corporation has provided most of the basic 0 3 +
2 $ + = :4 0:A
infrastructures in most of the slums. The slums, which are not to <" & ' ( 7 "% *
be shifted in future, such 80 slums with 27321 households, will / <" $ + 3"
be upgraded by SMC. Considering Rs.8000/- fund requirement 0 3 +
2 $ + = :4 0:A
per household for providing additional infrastructure, Rs. 2185 <" &: ( 7 "% *
lacs will be required for Slum Upgradation project. / <" $ + 3"
0 3 +
It is observed that in above identified 80 slums, 30 pay & use 2 $ + = :4 0:A
toilets and nursery schools will be required. About Rs.240.00 <" &: ( 7 "% *
/ <" $ + 3"
lacs will be required for the development of this facilities. 0 3 +
- # $ "% -# $
It is estimated that about 85% of households are of kachcha and F" ' "% *
semi pucca type structures. Referring this, the upgradation of 7 "% * 3" 0 7 "% *
existing huts on site will be one of the prime requirements. 3 + $ + 3"
F" ' 0 3 +
Looking to the present situation and primary estimates, about - # $ "% -# $
24,000 households needs reconstruction and considering Rs. 0 7 "% *
60,000 expenditure per household Rs. 14400 lacs will be 6 "%
6 7 "% *
0
required. 2 $ + 7 "% *
<" &:' C ( $ + 3"
SLUM REHABILITATION / <" 0 3 +
2 $ + 7 "% *
As a part of rehabilitation program SMC resort site & service <" &:' C ( $ + 3"
program in the beginning stage. By experience, it is observed / <" 0 3 +
that the development on the site & service scheme was more or 2 $ +
7 "% *
<" &0 (
less slum like area. Moreover the land requirement per / <"
$ + 3"
0 3 +
household was about 40sq.mt per household. Looking to the 9
availability of land with SMC, the horizontal development for 6 7 "%
7 "% *
' 9
slum rehabilitation is atmost very difficult. Because of this 8' 9
$ + 3"
63 +
reason, SMC started constructing the structurally well designed 0
low rise buildings for the rehabilitation of slum dweller. 2"
Admeasuring about 117 hector has
Surat Municipal Corporation intends to relocate about 121 slums been allotted to SMC at the cost of Rs.
with approximately 31781 hutments by providing pucca R.C.C 5100.00 lacs. Further more SMC
houses for the urban poor. purchased land situated at Bhestan and
For the relocation project, about 74 hectare of land will be Vadod admeasuring about 21 hector at
required. For construction of houses, about Rs.317 crore of fund the cost of Rs.2300.00 lacs. About Rs.
will be required. For development of infrastructure facilities on 8000.00lacs of budgetary provision for
relocation sites, about Rs. 35 crores of additional fund will be the year 2006-07 is made by SMC for
required. the purchasing land.
For the social infrastructure like nursery schools, primary Surat Municipal Corporation has
schools, UCD centers, community halls, work places for the planned to construct well designed
livelihood program etc. will be required. For these purposes EWS / LIG houses with healthy and
additional fund of Rs. 800.00 lacs will be required. hygienic environment in forthcoming
years. The houses meant for EWS
PROPOSED PROJECTS FOR REHABILITATION comprises of ground + 3 storied
The availability of land for the construction of rehabilitation apartment with 4 flats on a floor. Each
housing projects was the prime issue with SMC. With the help of unit shall consist of one room, kitchen,
Urban Development and Urban Housing Department, WC, wash area and balcony. The built
Government of Gujarat, the land belonging to GHB at Kosad up area of a unit shall be 22.45 Sq Mts.
The houses shall be provided with all
infrastructure facilities like roads,

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 136


water supply, drainage, streetlight, power supply etc. The
houses meant for LIG comprises of ground + 3 storied apartment Slums to be Relocated either
with 4 flats on a floor. Each unit shall consist of two rooms, completely or partially by 2012
kitchen, toilet, bath, balcony and parking facility. The built up 1 -
1 -
!
area of a unit shall be 38.00 Sq Mts. The houses shall be 6 >
/ ; 3
>
provided with all infrastructure facilities like roads, water +#+ 4+()+ 4'$$$
supply, drainage, streetlight, power supply etc. Also, land at ? +++ 45%%4 5$$$$
Kosad, Bhestan and other areas are acquired for housing for
)$ #(4#+ #5#%
urban poor. The tentative planning of the houses to be
constructed in forthcoming five years and its project cost shall be
as follows:

SLUM REDEVELOPMENT
Surat Municipal Corporation has tentatively identified certain
slum locations which can be regularized at its existing place. The
redevelopment program for such slums will be carried out in
such a way that, at the initial stage the beneficiaries will be
temporarily accommodated at transit camp and the land vacated
will be partly utilized for the residential purpose with low rise
buildings allowing more F.S.I. The remaining land available
after residential purpose can be developed for commercial
purpose or can be sold in open market and by the way substantial
revenue can be generated which may be utilized for cross
subsidization of redevelopment program of various slums.
About 111 such slums with 34553 hutments will be covered
under this program at the cost of approximate Rs.40000.00 lacs.
The land belonging to SMC will be develop by SMC. The land
belonging to Government of Gujarat or Central Government, the
concern Government will be requested to hand over the
possession of land to SMC and thereafter SMC will redevelop
the concern slums. In case of slums located on private plots, the
consent of land owner will be taken first for the redevelopment
housing project on the same site and land made available after
the housing project, as per the Government directives upto 25%
of total land area will be allotted to the legal land owner.

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SUDA AREA


SUDA is planning to provide housing facilities to economically
weaker section in the developing areas with basic infrastructure
facilities like water supply, sanitation, lights, roads, health etc.
These housing facilities are proposed to be provided at Vesu,
Pal-Palanpor, Amroli, Puna etc.

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! - J 1 +$$1$$

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 137


MASTER PLAN TOWARDS MAKING THE CITY SLUM FREE

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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 138


The Goal
11.6 ENVIRONMENT - STRATEGIES & ACTION PLAN The year 2021 envisages a “Clean and
Environment Friendly Surat” with
STRATEGIES environment status reports being
Since there is no effective monitoring of the pollution levels of prepared each year to check the levels
the city, the strategies shall address the same and help the of pollution in the city.
corporation in maintaining an effective database of the
environmental conditions of the city. Institutions
Action plan for cleaning and desilting of important water Gujarat Pollution Control Board
bodies in the city. Surat Municipal Corporation
The action plan shall be formulated after consultations with State Highways Department
the stakeholders, wherein all the water bodies in the city
shall be studied to check the pollution levels and measures National Highways Regulatory
towards the maintenance and revitalisation shall be Authority
suggested. The plan shall also explore various options of RTO, Surat
maintenance; like developing recreational activities etc.
based on the plan. The River Tapi shall also be part of the Surat City Traffic Police
study. Industrial associations
Effective monitoring of water bodies and quality control. NGOs, CBOs and Citizen’s council
The corporation shall initiate a dialogue between various
agencies including GPCB, to collect and maintain data on ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
important parameters of water bodies like BOD, COD, Preparation of action plans for
species present, extent of silt, sewerage outfalls, industrial control of water and air pollution
discharges etc. on a regular basis. This forms an important in the city
aspect of monitoring the quality of water bodies. Dredging of the River Tapi
Preparation of inventory of air quality. CETPs to be introduced to control
The inventory shall include a database on air quality industrial pollution
indicators, identification of potential air pollution sources in Small scale polluting industrial
the city, emission concentrations and identification of non- units to be moved out of the city
scheduled industrial and commercial locations with pollution
potential. This programme shall involve the services of Effective transportation planning
GPCB and the Traffic Police. The study shall form the basis to avoid congestion on roads and
for regular maintenance of data and can help to initiate road margins to be properly paved
education and awareness programmes on pollution Augmentation and capacity
mitigation and control measures. building of public transport
Integrated transportation planning. Mixed land use to be accepted to
Since a high concentration of pollutants is observed at reduce unnecessary movement of
junctions and in the form of SPM along roads, it is vehicles
imperative to integrate air pollution mitigation measures Option of renewable energy
with those of traffic improvement. sources to be explored for transport
Regulatory framework. Green belt provision and plantation
th
In line with the powers vested by the 74 Constitutional of trees
Amendment Act on ULBs to maintain the environment of
the city, bylaws shall be drafted in coordination with GPCB
to control air and water pollution in the city.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 139


of river in d/s. regime of Weir-
11.6.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS
cum-causeway a Tidal Barrier
needs to be constructed.
IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA Preliminary feasibility study report
was prepared through consultant
1 6 " , for project of Barrage near Piplod
1 ! / 1 ! on river Tapi. The present
3 estimated cost of the project is Rs.
+ 6 < ;
50 crores.
- # R $( H R $)

& 1 1 1 Diversion of storm drains falling in


1 Tapi d/s. Of barrage
! - 1 1 1- #% R $( . R $) The Barrage Project proposed on
river Tapi at Rundh will form a
? reservoir of 10 k.m. length. There
0 1 1 1 are number of storm drains falling
! - #$ R $' . R $( into this stretch of river. Due to
! @ creation of reservoir, there will be
# ! - %$ 1 R$' H 1 R$) backwater effect in these drains
K
? and their functioning will be
affected. Also some drains do
4 6? - +$$ 1 R$' H 1 R$( contain illegal sewage connections
A 6 1 -K that cause pollution in river water.
1 /+$9 #$Q 4$ 2 3
Therefore the drains need to be
5 5$ L $' . L++
% < > ? % = $% . L$(
diverted by constructing
#5# Interceptor drains or by extending
the drain to some point U/s & D/s.
Tertiary Treatment Plant at Singanpore (10+20=30 km) of barrage site.
The capacity of the existing sewage treatment plant is 100 The diversion of these drains
MLD. In order to reduce the pollution in the river, the plant would cost about Rs. 100 Crores.
will be upgraded with tertiary level of treatment.
Surat ‘Pushpa Nagri’ Program
STPs outside the city limits Surat Municipal Corporation
At present, the villages on the bank of river Tapi, on the gradually evolved a comprehensive
upstream side of the weir at Singanpore, disposes their approach for urban forestry and
sewage directly into the river Tapi, without any treatment. In environmental upgradation of the
order to reduce the load of pollutants into the river Tapi, it is city, "The Surat Pushpa Nagri
planned to provide the sewage treatment facility to the Program" include efforts in various
sewage from this villages during the year 2006-07. fronts to tackle the city' s air
pollution problems. Surat
Replacement of existing sewer line from Salabatpura to Municipal Corporation has carried
Nanpura SPS out plantation activities by
The Sewerage Scheme of Salabatpura and Nanpura SPS was greening of road sides, traffic
put into operation way back in 1958 as well as due to islands, parks, garden
unexpected rise in contributory population the amount of development, trees plantation in
sewerage generated has increased greatly, making the open plots, drainage station, water
drainage capacity insufficient. All this necessitates the works, municipal schools, etc.
replacement of the gravity trunk main sewer from
Salabatpura SPS to Nanpura SPS. Objectives of "The Surat
Pushpa Nagri Program" are :
Barrage project on river Tapi • To promote protection,
Considering various environmental aspects, it was felt that management, enhancement of
sea tide should be curtailed near Piplod to prevent trees in city.
continuous pollution of river by effluent brought in with tide
and to prevent tidal silting. To prevent continuous pollution

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 140


• To work in areas with in city where greening is looking • After 7 years the city will be
and to use community participation and implement an pollution free.
urban green plan in those areas.
• To establish and test methods of community
involvement, the model or process of urban greening
that other communities emulate in order to green their
own communities.
• Establish linkages between community groups and
government to identify and meet environmental
problems in affected areas.
• Develop a process where other communities will be able
to improve environment in their communities.
• To reduce the quantity of storm water flows
• To improve the quality of storm water runoff.

Benefits of the urban forestry Project :


• Trees plantation in Surat Municipal Corporation limit
with improve the environmental conditions as trees have
a proper rate in abating various types of pollution,
including dust, noxious gases, particulate matter,
improving polluted land, countering noise pollution
besides acting as an effective carbon sink and natural air
conditioner lowering temperature.
• Urban forestry project will help in motivating people to
plant trees.
• To inculcate sense of responsibility towards trees in
particular and nature in general.
• To increase awareness among the citizens of Surat about
the importance of trees and their role in pollution
control, thereby enhancing the quality of life.
• To motivate communities and colonies to actively
participate in combating pollution at a local level and
hence be part of city' s resolve to improve the
environment of Surat.
• In addition, urban forestry conveys a number of
environmental benefits through air pollutant uptake and
greenhouse gas reduction functions.
• Urban forestry can provide limited improvements to
runoff quality. Pollutants are removed by plant uptake
and storage, preventing soil erosion, and by reducing the
overall quantity of stormwater (thereby reducing
associated pollutants).
• City will be totally green after the year 2011.
• As per the population 1 tree will be for 2 people.
• The city will have 41 more new gardens.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 141


Rain Water Recharging & Harvesting Plan uplifted ground water and city will
become more eco-cum-enviro-
Surat Municipal Corporation intends to implement the rainwater-
friendly.
harvesting plan step by step. The core plan has been choked out
and will be put into practice after necessary changes required in • Ground water will be available in
the present policies. At present also, 50 % subsidy maximum sufficient quantity & at cheaper
amount up to Rs. 2000/- is given to the citizens to encourage the rates and thereby reducing the
noble cause of rainwater recharging. This may be revised as per stress on surface water, thereby
the present circumstances and after measuring the response from indirect burden on SMC can be
the citizens. Plan is also there to make it obligatory by law to reduced.
implement the rainwater harvesting methods for large size plots • Life of road pavements will be
and large or multi-storied buildings. To begin with, all the large increased, as the water logging will
open plots or rooftops of the buildings owned by Surat decrease.
Municipal Corporation are being provided with rainwater
recharging/ harvesting systems. Surat Municipal Corporation has
already started the implementation of
At present, Surat is mostly dependent on surface water source of
rainwater harvesting/ recharging
river Tapi, which contributes about 85 to 90 % of gross water
system. To start with, the corporation
supply to the citizens. So under these circumstances, it will not
owned buildings, schools, pumping
be wise to depend solely on the available quantity & quality of
stations, open plots; gardens etc. are
surface water alone. So conservation of ground water is one of
going to be covered in the first phase
the major aspects to be considered now a day and from this point
under rainwater harvesting/ recharging
of view, rainwater harvesting/recharging has a greater role to
system. In this context, total 316
play. If this is not taken seriously now, upcoming generation
locations in different parts of the city
will never forgive us.
have been identified. Out of these 316
Rainwater harvesting/recharging has following distinctive locations, work at 47 spots has been
benefits. already completed and on 9 spots it is
currently in progress. At the remaining
260 locations also, the work will be
• Precious rainwater which is flowing in to the sea will be started soon.
saved and thereby ground water table will be uplifted. Due to
this, intrusion of seawater into the ground water will be
minimized.
• Water from boring will be available at lesser depth from the
ground and thereby decreasing the energy saving & costs.
• Quality of ground water will be improved and long lasting ill
effects of draught will be reduced.
• There will be an overall benefit to the environment & the
eco-system making it more sustainable for human beings and
other creatures. Trees & plantation will be benefited by the

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 142


- = - -

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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 143


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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 144


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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 145


11.7 HEALTH AND EDUCATION - STRATEGIES & The Goal
ACTION PLAN
The year 2021 envisages a
Education “Completely Literate and Green
Emphasis on pre-primary education and good quality Surat” with adequate lung space in all
primary education for all, especially for the residents of slum the localities and a “healthy Surat”,
localities. Support from various sections of the society and free of health risks with adequate
voluntary organizations for involvement in literacy health facilities to tackle any situation
programmes shall be encouraged. of emergency.
Ensuring a minimum level of learning through enhancement Institutions
of opportunities towards access to literacy programmes. Government of Gujarat.
Professional and vocational colleges to be given importance Surat Municipal Corporation
for setting up employment development resources through
education and training programmes. Private educational institutions
Ensuring education of the handicapped and development of REC, Government Medical
self-supporting employment opportunities for them. College, South Gujarat University
Citizen’s council
Health
Reduction of health risks and practices leading to chronic
and infectious diseases through effective implementation of
sanitary programmes, combined with regular inspection of
food joints by the Food and Civil Supplies Department.
Awareness on pre and post-natal care, and unhealthy
practices leading to still-births and infant mortality shall be
created through door-to-door education campaigns and with
the help of the media. Institutions
Reduction of environmental threats and hazards to health Government of Gujarat.
through an integrated approach by various concerned Surat Municipal Corporation
organisations and departments towards enhancement of the
environment of the city. Private medical organisations

Improving the quality of health care systems through Voluntary organisations


augmentation and modernisation to cater to needs of the NGOs, CBOs
future and further decentralisation of the health care system
at zonal level. Citizen’s council

Recreation/ Open Spaces.


Taking up a tree plantation programme along the roads to Institutions
make Surat a Green city. Surat Municipal Corporation
Tapi River-front to be developed and converted to act as an Voluntary organisations
effective open space and recreational area. Initially, the
Stretch near Athwa can be considered for the purpose. NGOs, CBOs

Private sector participation in revitalisation of the existing Citizen’s council


waster bodies and green spaces of the city.
Preservation of Water Bodies

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 146


ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
Education Sustainability Indicators
Ensure 100 percent enrolment in primary schools. Number of students per primary
Increase the number of primary schools through private school
sector involvement to a total of 1000 schools by 2006. Number of students per teacher
% slum areas without educational
Adequate numbers of teachers to be employed in SMC run facilities
schools
Night schools to be opened in slum localities in consultation
with community development groups.
Setting up schools for the Blind, Deaf and Dumb.
Initiate the setting up of professional colleges in the fields of
physiotherapy, dental medicines, tourism, hotel
management, marine & aeronautical engineering. Sustainability Indicators

Health Number of institutions reporting


Effective implementation of health programmes in the slum births and deaths
areas of the city Infant mortality rate
Number of HIV cases
Augmentation of health facilities in maskati hospital and
increasing the number of urban health centres and the
paramedics.
Regular checks for water contamination in all water bodies
of the city.
Regular checks by the Food and Civil Supplies Department Sustainability Indicators
of food served at several eating joints in the city.
% open space to total area
Recreation/ Open Spaces % area under gardens & parks to
Provision for green belts in future development plans total open space

Encourage tree plantation among residents.


Tapi River Front development plan to be prepared
Private sector to maintain existing parks/ gardens
Beautification of community level open spaces
Preservation & development of water bodies & lakes

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 147


PROJECTS IDENTIFIED FOR PRESERVATION OF WATER BODIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN
SPACES
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 148


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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 149


Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 150
Geographical mapping of all the
11.8 Urban Governance – Strategic Action & Plan property tax assessments and
database development
STRATEGIES
Drafting bylaws to control pollution. The Goal
The corporation is now also responsible for the pollution in the
city, an issue that was hitherto only the responsibility of the The year 2012 sees SMC as a
Pollution Control Board. Hence, the new powers vested in the “Corporation that delivers” to “the
corporation shall be used to draft bylaws to regulate within the Citizens who govern”. Efficient
SMC limits the discharge of industrial waste/sewerage into delivery of services shall be realised
water body; the disposal of solid wastes and GPCB shall be through enhanced public participation
taken into confidence while drafting these bylaws. at the ward level to the city level in
Institutional strengthening and capacity building. every issue pertaining to the city.
These measures shall focus on identification of training needs
for the staff of the corporation and preparation of a 11.9 IDENTIFICATION OF
comprehensive programme to suit to the requirements. The PROJECTS
programme shall include innovative practices of service As a part of capacity building and
delivery and the best practices of governance followed across structural reforms in a administration,
the world. various high technique practices need
Review of sanctioning limits at various levels to overcome to be implemented. E-Governance is
undue delays. one such part though SMC has
The sanctioning limits and powers of approval shall be further computerized many functions still
looked into. This shall be based on the review of the various many more functions need to be
projects taken the Corporation from the year when devolution computerized. Integration of all the
of powers was initiated. services through GIS for efficient
Integrated planning with other line agencies involved. monitoring and satisfactory services
Other Line agencies involved like SUDA, GSRTC, GWSSB, delivery is prime objective of the
GWRDC, GoG, GPCB, etc., involved in the city’s structural reform. The components
management shall be taken into confidence during the under this project are
formulation of programmes and projects. The projects
identified as part of the City Development Planning shall also 1. Land Records
be discussed elaborately with these line agencies before actual 2. Building Permission
implementation.
Creation of Geographical Information System of city. 3. T.P.Schemes & Base Map
The Corporation shall also develop a comprehensive Preparation
Geographical Information System by plotting all the features 4. Property Tax Assessment
of the city and its environs with necessary data to act as a tool
5. Basic Services like water supply,
in development planning.
sewerage, road network, etc.
Involvement of private sector in service delivery.
The encouraging experience of part involvement of the private 6. Traffic Management
sector in service delivery shall be kept in view and it shall be
7. Supervision & Monitoring of
extended to take up certain capital projects identified under the
Services by Staff
city development planning process. This shall be on a BOT/
BOOT basis as per the requirements framed. 8. Operation & Maintenance of
ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
Infrastructure
Revision of property tax structure and water tariff 9. Solid Waste Collection and Disposal
Computerisation of the activities of SMC as per the IT policy 10. Efficient use of vehicular fleet
Expedite long overdue projects through vehicle tracking system,
automated logged maintenance, fuel
creation of MIS and GIS. consumption & milage, etc.
Introduction of innovative urban governance practices and Total Cost of the Project is Rs. 5
department specific training programmes Crores.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 151


11.9 URBAN FINANCE- STRATEGIES AND ACTION PLAN The Goal
STRATEGIES The year 2021 envisages a “Self-
The strategies for the financial soundness of the corporation shall Sustainable and Commercially Viable”
be focussed on the long-term goal of self-sustainability in financial position for SMC with
finances. Hence the long-term financial strategies include. adequate surpluses to carry out the
Devolution of funds. capital works that are intended to be
In accordance with the recommendation of more than one taken up without looking for financial
Finance Commission, funds devolved by the state and central aid from external lending agencies.
governments would contribute to the revenue sources of the
corporation. It is proposed to put these funds into use under the ACTION PLAN/ TASKS
Capital Improvement Programme uncovered by investment Maintaining the collection
plans. performance
Regular tax base revision and exploration of other revenue
sources. Shift from “Annual Letting Value”
The subsidies on service delivery should be removed to some concept to that of “Area Based”
extent to avoid cross subsidisation. The tax base should be property tax structure to generate
revised regularly on a yearly basis. Apart from these, new more revenue and mitigate legal
sources of revenue generation shall be explored. These matters
measures are necessary to avoid over-dependence on octroi. Upward revision of water supply
Maintain transfer of revenue surpluses. tariff and user charges
Maintaining the transfer of revenue surpluses to capital funds
in the manner that is being followed is necessary for the All plan proposals to be
sustenance of the Capital Improvement Programme during the formulated by basing on the
next five years and also in the long run. This is also necessary Corporate Plan Proposals
to keep the finances of the corporation in a sound position. Capacity building measures
Effective collection performance.
Services and cost recovery
The present collection performance of the taxes and charges by mechanisms
the Corporation is sound and should be maintained at this 1 ! ?
minimum level. Measures shall be incorporated to improve the # $% # >9 " " '
collection performance of both current and arrears further. ' " " * 9
Effective cost recovery mechanisms. " ' +
The most effective cost recovery mechanism is an appropriate * 9+ ' *
3" " ' %
tax base and sustainable user charges and fees. Will and
$# , %' * " > '%
determination should be shown towards upwards revision of 9 3 3" "
tax and user charges. Collection from public places in the form $ ) * , * " " 3
of user charges/ fees shall also be revised but not without N " *
efficient maintenance of the systems. " ' = >9 " '
Improved auditing performances. 2 " + * 9 9
$ * ' >
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$ " '# * 3" . " + '
introduced into the corporation, the intricacies involved in the 4 * + ) 3 "+
maintenance of accounts are high and hence the auditing '7 " ' % *
operations required under this system shall be enhanced to "+ 9 :'+ *
oversee the effective maintenance of accounts.
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/

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 152


11.10 IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIAL PROJECTS

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SMC AREA


SCIENCE CENTRE, MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY
The SMC has planned the Science Centre, Museum and Art ! , !
-
Gallery Complex in the posh City Light area of the city on an , /#$$'& ,, /#$++
#$++3 J #$+#3
18,420 sq. m. site. Total Project Cost is Rs. 50 Crores.
- "
*
TRADE CENTER #
The SMC has planned the ultra modern Trade Center on around 0 '*
10000 sq.m. area at the cost of 22 crores. + / *
, " +
SLAUGHTER HOUSE "
3 ,
In order to improve the existing slaughter house area, SMC is 0% 8
proposing a new slaughter house with updated utilities, space for # $
live stock marketing and other facilities. This project is estimated
INTEGRATED ROAD
to have cost of Rs. 9 crores.
DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
MULTIDISCIPLINARY AQUARIUM Important roads, which have direct
SMC is proposing a multidisciplinary aquarium comprising impact on the trade activities and the
freshwater, brackish water and marine aquarium near the image of the city, should be improved
Jagdishchandra Bose garden, in T.P. 10, F.P. 690-703, Adajan, in order to function efficiently as well
Surat having 15000 sq mt area. The estimated cost of the project as appears aesthetically appealing. The
is about Rs. 6.57 crores. major road network is converted from
flexible pavement to rigid pavement.
OTHER PROJECTS These roads can be taken of for
SMC is also proposing number of civic amenities in various integrated development whereby all the
zones. The details of the projects are given in the table below: component of the roads will be
redesign, which will boost economic
1 / 1 ! 13 / 1 activities along the road. Major
1 ! 13
#$$%&$' #$$'&$( #$$(&$) components of this project shall be
+
/
$1%# ( +$ +(1%# taken up by Public Private Partnership.
< G 3
/ Total cost of the project is 125 Crores.
# 4 51% & (1%
G 3 (836006.8 Sq. mt. * 1500 Rs. Per per
6? /< sq.mt.)
4 +1% +1)# 414#
C 3
@ <
: . ; /
4 + % + ( / 3 / 3 / 01 3
G 3
$% ,% ++
@/ 1 ! 13 #+1% " '
$% <
ALIA BET DEVELOPMENT " 'E
SMC has planned a recreational spot on the western side of the $ % 0 '"
" 'E
city in the vicinity of Arabian Sea. It is proposed to develop a
Beach Resort and a Convention Centre. Due to the proximity to = " 'E
the industrial places like Surat, Hazira, Dumas has high potential ' 4
for coastal tourism. The SMC had put their proposal for " 'E
development of Recreational Complex at Aalia Bet as a joint :' C 7 C
" 'E
venture of Public privet partnership for development. Special
%+ * "
attention has been paid to the aspect of “Suitability for P
recreational use / tourist attraction”. The total area of the Aalia
bet is 1703.00 hectare. *excluding 22 m wide C.C.Road; ^consider entire
width of road

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 153


HERITAGE CONSERVATION above the recreational aspect, the vast
City of Surat being a Trade Center, there is lack of political landscape can be commercially utilised
heritage as the city was never capital of any political seat. As for the development of river. The apex
threat from different rules to city for wealth was always very decision making body of S.M.C.
high. The city wealth was not expressed through architecture. (Standing Committee) has decided to
However, it is believed that the city is pioneer in establishing make a comprehensive feasibility and
some of the best trade practices. It is claimed that the hydrology study of the river by
administrator of the Surat promoted the concept of excise in the consultant.
past. This heritage needs to be highlighted & depicted by way of
highlighted such places of trade centers. For eg. The English Tapi river front development in
factory, the fort, trade jetties. addition to above mentioned
objectives, will reduced the risk of
- ! , ! flood to minimum.
' " + "3 / " : Surat Municipal Corporation intends to
" " "3 - * / " 0% ' *
develop banks of river Tapi by
constructing
' " + "3 @ ' "
River drive road for future traffic
" ' , ' # / "" : ' %+ " 9
need
2" Multipurpose barrage project
WATER SPORTS Gardens/recreational spots
Commercial centers
For enrichment the requirement of potable water for Surat City,
Water sports centers
Surat Municipal Corporation has constructed a weir-cum-
Amusement Park
causeway type structure across river Tapi between Rander and
Any other such development
Singapore at Surat due to construction of weir a large reservoir
recommended by consultants
formed on U/S. side of weir and S.M.C. want to develop Water ? - ? !
Sports activities in such reservoir. Cost of this project is
estimated as Rs. 2 crores. 1 , ! !
E ,
Gopi Talav Development Project " 'D + *
0 " " # "
To develop an open urban place – A BREATHING SPACE, $ * * "3
where all citizens participate in recreational and cultural -> * 0 '* 9 # 9
activities equally…experiencing the Proposal – Transforming
limitations into opportunities . " "3 $ % +
$ /% %
', " +
<" + - + ' :+"% 0 '* " 0 *
- # " 9 9 9 2" "
$ ' 3 % % 9 9 Construction of flood protective
* " ' ' ) 9 9 9
RCC wall with bank protection
# " 9 9
' * 9 9 9 on Rander bank of river Tapi
9 9 9 Flood protective wall on Rander
Tapi River Front Development Project bank is needed to be constructed in
two stretches admeasuring about
Tapi is a second largest perennial river of Guajarat. At present 600 Mts and bank protection to
the city of Surat on the bank of river is wayward faced to the about 860 Mts. The work of bank
river. The city and the river do not make a homogeneous urban protection would cost about Rs.
scape. Both the banks of the river are unutilised and encroached 16.36 crores for which the tenders
by different elements. Thereby blocking the face of the river to have been sanctioned and the work
the city. The banks provide an enormous opportunity for would start shortly. The work of
developing as a recreational activity center as well as RCC wall would cost about Rs. 8.5
conservation of the largest water body and protecting the crores for which the tenders are
ecology. about to be invited. Therefore the
Various studies from time to time were conducted by the civic entire work would require about Rs.
body for the development & conservation of river Tapi. Over & 25 crores. Similar nature of works

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 154


is required to be carried out at Bharimata (1050 M) and
Singanpore (600 M) at the cost of Rs. 28 crores.
Construction of flood protective sluice regulator on Umra
and Varachha creek
Umra and Varaccha creeks fall into river Tapi. As presently
these creeks do not have flood protective sluice regulator. To
prevent flood water entering into city through these creeks
design for gated sluice regulator was prepared. The cost for
constructing sluice regulator and Umra creek would be about
Rs. 2.5 crores and that for Varachha Creek would be 3.5
crores. .

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECTS – SUDA AREA


Development of Lakes and Garden
SUDA is developing lakes and gardens at Bhimrada, Abhva
and Pal area. Various surveys are in process for this. The
estimated cost for this recreation work is worked out as Rs.
10 crores.

Sports Complex
A sport complex with all modern facilities is proposed by
SUDA at village Khasod. For this complex, the land
acquisition work is under progress. The estimated cost for
this is worked out by SUDA as Rs. 25 crores.

Fire fighting facilities


SUDA is proposing fire stations with modern equipment at
the cost of Rs. 4 crores at Vesu, Pal-palanpor, Amroli and
Puna.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012) 155


11

11.11 SECTORAL SUMMARY OF PROJECTS IDENTIFIED

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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


2 3" , " +
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Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


!"# ' "# "%
3# * 3 # & "3 3
12.1 INTRODUCTION TO CIP
The Capital Investment Plan is the multi- year scheduling of
public improvements and investments. The scheduling or
phasing of the plan is based on studies of the fiscal resources
availability (for new investments and O & M), technical capacity
for construction and O & M and the choice of specific
improvements to be constructed for a period of five years into
the future.
As a part of CIP prepared for the first City Corporate Plan during
2001-02, SMC has (a) analyzed and discussed with the public,
the existing applicable norms and standards for infrastructure Principles of Phasing
services, considering low, medium, high and mixed options, (b) Priority needs, with developed
agreed and recommended a reasonable and realistic option and areas receiving priority over future
(c) justified and provided rationale if the chosen option is not development area
within the existing service level standards.
Inter and intra-service linkages,
In determining a long-term financial strategy, the corporation viz. water supply investments shall
plans to raise resources through: be complemented by
Accessing the grants available under the JNURM corresponding sewerage/
Framework (as % of identified investment in Urban sanitation improvements.
Governance and infrastructure sectors - 50% Central Govt. Size and duration of the
Grants and 20% State Govt. Grants) requirements, including
Funds devolved by the GoG based on the recommendations preparation and implementation
of the State Finance Commission period
Revision of the Annual Rateable Value at certain levels Project linked revenue
implications, such as installing
Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific intervals
house connections where supply
Transfer of water and sewerage tax to the respective account and distribution capacities have
heads been increased
Maintaining the collection performance of taxes and charges The Capital Investment Plan involved
at certain minimum levels for current and for arrears. the identification of public capital
facilities to cater to the demand of the
Underlying the major assumptions, basic assumptions for growth
city populace by the year 2011/12.
in property tax assessment, growth in other taxes and
miscellaneous income, as well as changes in the main
expenditure heads have been made, including general
administration, establishment, O & M, debt servicing, etc.
The phasing/ scheduling of investments have been carried out
through an iterative process and the principles of phasing have
been taken into account.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


Grass-root involvement.
Community inputs to the siting of
12.2 INSTITUTIONALISING THE CIP PROCESS
public facilities.
The Capital Investment Plan is an important element and is
significant in terms of the city’s management process and
sustainability with regard to the delivery of basic services. While Strategies for CIP
the CIP provides a framework for the annual budget cycle, for Strategic Capital Improvement
that purpose alone the CIP presented in 2000-01 is updated and
rolled forward for a further five-year period. Facility Siting
The need for updating is on account of: Decision Making
Reassessment of city growth and infrastructure needs ( to be Programme Funding
carried out once in five years)
Detailed feasibility/ engineering studies carried out of new
projects.
Rescheduling of investments on ongoing projects due to cost
and/ or time overruns.
Reassigning priorities within the constraints of available
financial resources

12.3 CAPITAL FACILITIES & INVESTMENT NEEDS


Updated Capital Investment Plan and forecasted future needs for
provision of capital facilities under each identified sector is In addition to the investment of Rs.
presented below. 4968.18 Crores identified by SMC for
SMC area, an additional Rs. 2517.25
Crores is identified as investment
12.3.1 CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
required for areas outside SMC
PROJECTS’ IDENTIFICATION jurisdiction under SUDA. These
The projects identification has been done based on the strategies investments are proposed by SMC &
listed out under each of the service sector as identified by SMC. SUDA under the JNURM Framework
The projects derived based on the SMC estimates are aimed at wherein 70% of the urban
ensuring optimal and efficient utilisation of existing infrastructure and governance related
infrastructure systems. Other developmental projects include investment is funded by way of GoI
projects other than those for core service sector viz. system and GoG capital grants. The rest of the
modernisation, river conservation etc. Such projects are also 30% and investment on social
based on lists and/ or reports prepared by SMC. infrastructure will need funding
through own sources or user
The total estimated capital investment required for providing contributions and borrowings.
efficient services to the population of SMC by the year 2011/12
is about Rs. 4968.18 Crores. The table below presents the
summary of sector-wise investment requirements. Of the non-
core sector the maximum investment has been worked out for the
river conservation plan. It accounts for about Rs. 1000 crores (20
percent of the total investment required).

Goals for CIP


Provision of capital facilities that sustains city populace.
Preservation of the physical integrity capital assets.
Capital facilities to be considered community assets.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


Summary of Sector Wise Investment requirement (SMC Area)

2"
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+
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PHASING OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT


The phasing has been worked out by SMC. The estimated capital
investment is phased over a 7-year period (2005-06 to 2011-12)
so as to enable completion of capital works identified for the
2011/12 population.
Investments are envisaged and phased over the seven year period
till 2011-12. 36% of the total identified investment is proposed
on improvement and new works on roads, bridges and fly-overs.
Slum improvement, LIG housing etc is allotted 16% of the The main items of income and
investment followed by 8% on sewerage and 6% each on urban expenditure classified into revenue
development and environmental improvement projects. 5% of account and capital account are
the investment is proposed for water supply system projected in the FOP under the
improvements. following categories.
Categories of FOP Projections
12.4 MULTI-YEAR INVESTMENT PROGRAMME
Revenue Account Receipts;
Eessentially a multi-year forecast of finances of the local body o Taxes ,
for a medium term is termed as the Financial and Operating Plan o Non Tax Sources, and
(FOP). While the identified investment is phased from 2005/06 o Grants, Contribution and
to 2010/119, the FOP has been generated from 2005/06 to Subsidies.
2014/2015. A salient feature of the FOP is that all outstanding Revenue Account Expenditure;
dues including debt and non-debt liabilities have been taken into o Establishment,
account. The FOP is generated to assess the investment o Operation and Maintenance,
sustaining capacity of the corporation adopting a project funding o Debt Servicing- Existing and
structure comprising of 70 per cent in the form of grants under New Loans,
the JNURM framework and the rest (30 per cent) by way of o Phasing of non debt
internal resources and loans. The major criterion for ascertaining liabilities, and
the investment sustaining capacity of SMC is that they should o Additional O&M.
have year-to year positive Opening Balance and that the debt Capital Income; and
servicing ratio during each year not to exceed 25%. The finance Capital Expenditure
data updated for the F.Ys 2000-01 to 2004-05 from SMC annual
accounts has been used as the base to prepare the FOP. A
spreadsheet FOP model has been customised so as to work out
the investment sustaining capacity of SMC, based on the FOP
assumptions.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


Other tax items including fees, etc.
have been assumed to grow at the past
12.4.1 FOP ASSUMPTIONS growth trends, subject to a minimum of
5% and maximum of 15% per annum.
FORECAST OF REVENUE INCOME
Assumptions Adopted for Forecasting
Octroi10 has been the single largest source of revenue for the Realisation under Other Tax Heads
: % + " :'" ' 3"
+ 0
/"
= 1
Assumptions Adopted for Forecasting
,, 7 7 Realisation under Octroi Head
? : % + " :'" ' 3"
! - + 0
/"
& +**+&#$$+ 4 = ?
+
? , E
"0 ? 7 ? -% 7 - +% 1
# 7
?
#% #$$' $(E
4 / ? 5
A #$+$ ++
8 3
- -
- 1 S ?
5 ! - & 5$ E ?
! S ? 1($ E
71 *%
SMC contributing about 59 per cent. The assumption adopted in
forecasting octroi tax, property tax (general tax, conservancy tax,
water tax, water charges, and water meter charges) and other
revenue items are presented in the following tables.
Assumptions Adopted for Forecasting Realisation under ASSUMPTIONS ADOPTED FOR FORECASTING
REALISATION UNDER OTHER TAX HEADS
General Tax Head
: %+ "
: % + " :'" ' 3" + :'" ' 3" 0
+ 0
/" /"
,,, 7 ,,, 7
= S < E
E <
+ < 7 . E =
E
-- ? ? E
#
! - -%
? 7E
3 T ' 7 - +# 1
7E
. 7
K3 - 1 #%
= S
, 8 #$$' $( #$+$ ++& %$ ? 1 - E
!3 -- ?
4 E
- - ?
- 1 S ? -
! - &
63 5$ E ? 1 - "0 ? - 7
! S ? 1 ($ 3
71 *%
3 . 1 #%
"3 1 #$$$
, !
3 T #% ? 5 - #$$' $( 3 -
- - &
- - 1
Other Taxes 3 ?
%$ ? ,
8 #$$' $( A #$+$&++
-3 1 +$$$
, T #% ? 5
3
- - #$$' $(
10
Octroi has been discontinued from the Municipalities in the State
of Gujarat, but exists in all Corporations in the state.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


Non-Tax Income (Own Sources)
Non tax income from the corporation’s operations and assets,
like income from municipal properties, collection form public
places, realisation under special acts, and public service charges : %+ "
and fees, etc. are assumed to grow at the past trends, subject to a + '" ' 3" 0
/"
minimum of 5% and maximum of 8% per annum, over the
,: & 7
average income during the last five years. , -
=
Non-Tax Income (Other Sources) E ? E
+
Other sources mainly include interest earned from deposits and G -%
dues, sale proceeds (scrap sale, farm product, publication, tender 1 E, 1E 7 -) 1
A
form, etc), and miscellaneous income. These sources of income : ?
are assumed to increase at the past trends, subject to a minimum ?
of 5% and a maximum of 8% per annum. + ?
-)

Non-Tax Income (Revenue Grants)


The revenue grants announced from time-to time are assumed to
grow at past trends, subject to a nominal growth of 8 per cent.
These grants mainly include grants for various purposes viz.
UBSP, grants for educational and medical services and other
grants announced from time to time.
FORECAST OF REVENUE EXPENDITURE
ASSUMPTIONS ADOPTED FOR FORECASTING REALISATION UNDER NON-
TAX INCOME HEADS

+ : %+ " :'" ' 3" / "


= U
"
,
7
, -- - :, ! ?
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+
- +# 1
:, !
# - #%
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< &T 1 '1'+ ; . @6
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,, . ? &= ?
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- - < . +$1$$
!, / < 6 51$$
,,,
- A K 51$$
? ? = 6 ? ? #1$$
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@ / - !, 3& +$ 9 %
. ,6! T (1% 1 1
&

: / E 1= E ,- E + %8 #$$%&$'
< KE "KE
" 1 ! E 13

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


FORECAST OF CAPITAL INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
Capital Income (Own Sources)
The amount realised under own sources contribute mainly from
betterment charges, non-refundable registration/ permit fee, sale
of capital assets. A standard nominal growth rate of 12 per cent Assumptions Adopted for Forecasting
per annum over the average realisation during the last five years Realisation under Capital Income
has been assumed. Items

Capital Income (Regular Scheme-Based-Capital Grants)


SMC receives capital grants from the State Government under : %+ " :'" ' 3"
+
/"
various state and Central Government sponsored schemes for
! ,
specific capital works. The income under such grants does not
"7
show specific trends during the last five years. 70% of identified E
investment under infrastructure and governance sectors is , ? E
proposed for grants from GoI and GoG under the JNNURM ! -
framework. The adjacent table presents the assumptions adopted +#
%$ -, - ?
for forecasting the items of capital income and expenditure.
, -
Other Capital Income ?
,, H . - ,
The other income realised under capital accounts head is from
!
borrowings from government and other institutions. It is #$ !
assumed that other capital would have a growth rate of 12 per
cent per annul on the average realisation of last five years. & 4$ -
? ?
Capital Expenditure (Regular Scheme-Based-Capital Works) ,,, , -
SMC is required to utilise the scheme-based capital income for @ - - ?
specific works alone. It is assumed that the entire amount of @ 1
capital income received for such works from state/ central
Government will be expended on specific schemes for which Assumptions Adopted for Forecasting
they are meant. Realisation under Capital Expenditure
Items
SIZING OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT +
: %+ " :'" ' 3"
The phased investment is loaded onto the FOP model, and based /"
on the assumptions adopted; the annual finances of SMC are K ! 7
K ?
forecasted until F.Y 2014-15. The criterion for ascertaining . !E
investment sustainability is a ? 1
&
/ -
Year-to-year positive closing balance; ,
? G -
7
Debt servicing ratio during each year not to exceed 25%. ? 31
?
- . !
In cases where SMC does not satisfy the above criterion, the
investment needs to be scaled down uniformly across all sectors
of identified investment, till the criterion is met. The investment
level at which the criterion is met is the sustainable investment
by SMC. It needs mention, that the FOP is structured such that
while demonstrating zero sustainability the SMC will still incur
capital expenditure against scheme-specific capital grants
received from GoG.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


12.5 FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN (FOP)- RESULTS

The FOP was generated from the sustainable investment point of


view with consideration also towards the additional O&M
expenses to be incurred on the new capital assets to be created.

The 10-year FOP of SMC is presented in the Annexure. It may


be noted that, under the assumptions made and the full identified
investment loaded, the investment sustainability criteria are
satisfied during all years of planning horizon. SMC would have
operating surpluses along with prompt repayment of all
outstanding loans and non-debt liabilities. This is mainly due to
the consideration of about 70% of the total identified investment
being funded in the form of grants under the JNURM
framework.
The results of the FOP in terms of the total investment required,
investment sustainable and source-wise funding of the
sustainable investment for the SMC is presented in Annexure.
FUND REQUIREMENT
Recommended investment of Rs. 4968.18 Crores
One of the purposes of this assignment is to ascertain the
requirement for funding within a municipal finance framework.
It has been assumed that by enhancing the collection
performance and widening the tax base of current taxes, SMC
would be able to sustain the entire identified investment, Rs.
4968.18 Crores (Rs. 5996.44 Crores at current prices), phased
over a seven-year period from 2005-06 to 2011-12. The actual
investment sustainability of SMC under the adopted assumptions
and funding structure is 145% of the identified investment i.e.,
about Rs. 7204 Crores. The funding for the identified investment
of Rs. 5996.44 Crores in current prices as worked out in the FOP
model would be by way of.
JNURM Capital Grants - Rs. 4097.57 Crores (68%)
o Rs. 2926.84 Crores (48% - GoI)
o Rs. 1170.73 Crores (20% - GoG)
Own Contribution of the ULBs The JNNURM framework and the
o Rs. 1798.93 Crores (30%) grants to be made available would
Loans assist in keeping the soundness of
o Rs.99.68 Crores (2%) financial condition of SMC intact and
further provide the leverage to SMC to
It needs mention that the FOP indicated sustainability for Rs. take up additional investments towards
7204 Crores against proposed investment of Rs. 4968 Crores for creation of better infrastructure for its
SMC. This indicates the sound financial condition of SMC with ever growing populace and city.
respect to taking up large scale investments. In the absence of
JNURM grants, the sustainability of SMC is 95% which is the An assessment of the financial viability
significant feature of current SMC finances however subject to of SUDA to take up the projects
rationalization and regular revision of user charges and better identified is carried out and presented
collection performance. The combined investment requirement below along with the
of SMC and SUDA is Rs. 7485 Crores. recommendations.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


12.5.1 SUDA – FOP ASSUMPTIONS

FORECAST OF REVENUE INCOME


Land
In the absence of tax related income for SUDA, the single largest
source of revenue income is lands. Premium on lease of lands
and development charges would be major revenue source for
SUDA and accordingly the same has been projected to increase
further in the future.
User Charges
There hasn’t been any collection of user charges with respect to
water supply and sewerage services being provided to the
citizens. SUDA proposes to introduce and also affect regular
revision of the charges for better service delivery as well as cost
recovery.
Other Income Sources
Other sources mainly include interest earned from deposits and
dues, sale proceeds (scrap sale, farm product, publication, tender
form, etc), and miscellaneous income and comprise a minimal
quantum of the total revenues.

The growth rate for these sources is assumed at the current


average growth rate, subject to a minimum of 7% and a
maximum of 15%.
FORECAST OF REVENUE EXPENDITURE
The assumptions made in forecasting the items of revenue
expenditure are presented below.

+ : %+ " :'" ' 3" / "


"
, =
7
A
= ? E
,, .
-% 7 -) 1
7 ?
- E ' 1
< 51$$
A '1$$
A. < . +$1$$
7
< 6 51$$
,,, ?
- - A K 51$$
!, 6 ? ? #1$$
" ? 51$$
, - #1$$
? " ; ! ? '1$$
"7 @ / E @,!E > 6! E K ; E ,
@ E 13& +$ +% T
,: 6 ? - )1% * 1 E - #$$%&$'1
@ / - !, 3& +$ 9 %
. ,6! T (1% 1 1
&
: ,- E + %8 #$$%&$'

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


FORECAST OF CAPITAL INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
The projects derived based on SUDA
estimates are aimed at ensuring
Capital Income (Own Sources) optimal and efficient utilisation of
The amount realised under own sources contribute mainly from existing infrastructure systems. Other
capital grants, sale of capital assets/ lands, etc. Estimates as developmental projects include
available with SUDA for the next five years have been assumed. projects other than those for core
Also the one-time connection deposits arising out of water service sector viz. LIG/ EWS housing,
supply and sewerage services to be provided out of the planned environmental management, etc.
investments is expected to contribute a significantly.
Capital Income (Regular Scheme-Based-Capital Grants) The total estimated capital investment
SUDA proposes to utilize capital grants as may be available requirement for providing services for
from the State Government under various state and Central the population of SUDA by the year
Government sponsored schemes for specific capital works. The 2011/12 is Rs. 2517 Crores as
income under such grants does not show specific trends during presented in the Annexure.
the last five years. Estimates of such grants as considered to be
available for the next five years have been assumed.
Roads and Bridges sector accounts for
Other Capital Income the maximum investment at 39%,
The other income realised under capital accounts head is from followed by sewerage and drainage
borrowings from government and other institutions. The sector at 24% of the identified
quantum of external borrowings required is estimated depending investment. Water supply accounts for
on the estimated gap of resources after considering various other 16% and Housing and Slums’
capital sources (grants, own sources etc). improvement accounts for 14% of the
investment. Social infrastructure is also
Capital Expenditure
The assumptions made in forecasting the items of capital account given importance at 5% of the
identified investment.
are presented in Table below.
, - = SIZING OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT
! , -> * "+ " * ") . ' " % * The phased investment is loaded onto
&* ' * ") 9 % .C " ' ' * ") "3 B the FOP model, and based on the
" .% " ( assumptions adopted; the annual
@ < ) )" " . 3% ' ' 3 "+
finances of SUDA are forecasted until
• B "3 ' 3 ' + & > %' * " F.Y 2014-15. The criterion for
3 % % ( ascertaining investment sustainability
• G <8 4 6 D * "3 ' 3 '
+ & > %' * " 3 % % ( B
is a
3 "+ 6" 9 B 3 "+ 6"6 D & B "3 * +"% Year-to-year positive closing
"3 8 . 3 % % 1 6" "C
' B "3 * +"% "3 8 . ""
balance;
"C " . " .% ' . 8 0 " $ Debt servicing ratio during each
3 % % /% '. ' "3 G <<8 4 "'(
year not to exceed 25%.
• B "3 + * + %' * "
3 % % In cases where SUDA does not satisfy
• @ ) "% B "3 + ?% ' ". the above criterion, the investment
3% ' ' 3 "+ % % % 9 needs to be scaled down uniformly
• 0" ") * 3 "+ " % " across all sectors of identified
K ! 7
investment, till the criterion is met.
$ " ) 0 '" + % . . $ 8 ,:9
The investment level at which the
'" "' &$ * "3
> ' % + ' ! * "3 + ( 2 criterion is met is the sustainable
+ ' ' 3 ' . $ 8 ,: . '" ' investment by SUDA. It needs
3" "' mention, that the FOP is structured
PROJECT IDENTIFICATION such that while demonstrating zero
sustainability the SUDA will still incur
Project identification is based on SUDA’s proposed projects and capital expenditure against scheme-
cost estimates together with planned implementation period. The specific capital grants received from
forecast population for the planning horizon- 2011 is 15 Lakhs. GoG.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


12.5.2 FOP – SUDA – RESULTS

The FOP was generated from the sustainable investment point of


view with consideration also towards the additional O&M
expenses to be incurred on the new capital assets to be created.

Recommended investment of Rs. 2517.25 Crores

The 10-year FOP of SUDA is presented in Annexure. It may be


noted that, under the assumptions made, and the available
resources for funding SUDA records 45% sustainability. That is
SUDA can sustain 45% of the identified investment of Rs. 2517 OPTIONS/ SCENARIOS FOR
Crore amounting to Rs. 1133 Crores. Though during the intial IMPROVING SUDA’S
four years, it was observed that the operating surpluses would SUSTAINABILITY AGAINST
not be available, SUDA would be able to tide over the situation IDENTIFIED INVESTMENT OF RS.
in the next financial year at the indicated sustainability figure of 2517 CRORES
45% while continuing to maintain overall surpluses during all The sustainability of SUDA
the years. improves to a significant 68%, that
is Rs. 1712 Crores if the revenues
SUDA will need to find additional resources to the tune of Rs. from sale of lands’ doubles.
1385 Crores in the form of grants or own sources to fund the Considering the rise in real estate
remaining 55% of the identified investment. At this juncture, it sector and increase in land values
however needs mention that SMC has indicated excess in the near future, SUDA can
sustainability to the tune of Rs. 2234 Crores. Considering the expect to garner more profitability
possibility of SMC area getting extended to include parts of on the sale and development of
SUDA area under its jurisdiction in the near future, a framework lands under its jurisdiction thereby
of implementation between SMC and SUDA to take up the improving upon their
remaining investment is suggested. It also needs mention that the sustainability.
FOP for SMC indicated sustainability for Rs. 7204 Crores,
which is marginally less than the combined investment Tripling of the revenues from sale
requirement of SMC and SUDA of Rs. 7485 Crores. In which of lands’ will take the
case an appropriate project funding and revenue sharing sustainability of SUDA close to
mechanism between SMC and SUDA will project a combined 100 percent of the identified
sustainability much higher than the total identified investment of investment.
Rs. 7485 Crores. Such cooperation and association between
SMC and SUDA in the backdrop of JNNURM framework will
assist them in maintaining a healthy financial condition and
further provide the leverage to take up additional investments
towards creation of better infrastructure for its ever growing
populace.

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)


",, +

Surat City Development Plan (2006-2012)

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