Antenna - Systems - For - Nokia Ultrasite

Antenna System for Nokia
UltraSite
Product Overview
DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 1 (34)

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Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the
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The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or
performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding
but shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer.
However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions
contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia
Networks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document.
Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary
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Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective
companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.
Copyright © Nokia Networks Oy 2001. All rights reserved.
2 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

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Contents
Contents
1 About this document..................................................................6
2 Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite...............7

2.1 Antenna line without a Masthead Amplifier...................................7
2.2 Antenna line with a Masthead Amplifier........................................9
3 Features.....................................................................................10
3.1 Concurrent roll-out ......................................................................10
3.2 Modular design ...........................................................................10
3.3 New choices for site locations ....................................................11
3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite......................................................11
3.5 Co-siting......................................................................................11
3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs ....................................................12
3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA ...............................................................13
3.6 Customer benefits.......................................................................13
3.6.1 Cross-polarized antennas...........................................................13
3.6.2 Dual band antennas....................................................................13
3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier ......................................................14
4 Examples of applications and configurations .......................15

4.1 Typical urban GSM/EDGE site ...................................................15
4.2 Typical urban GSM/EDGE dual band site ..................................16
4.3 Typical urban GSM/EDGE co-site ..............................................17
4.4 Typical suburban GSM/EDGE site .............................................18
4.5 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 1 ..................................................19
4.6 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 2 ..................................................20
4.7 Typical GSM/EDGE road site .....................................................21
4.8 Urban WCDMA site ....................................................................22
4.9 Urban WCDMA site with Smart Radio Concept..........................23
4.10 WCDMA/GSM co-site .................................................................24
5 Management..............................................................................25
6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna

System .......................................................................................26
6.1 Antennas.....................................................................................26
6.2 Masthead Amplifiers ...................................................................26
6.3 Feeders.......................................................................................27
6.4 Antenna line components ...........................................................27
6.5 Options .......................................................................................28
7 Technical Specifications..........................................................29
7.1 Antennas.....................................................................................29
7.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900
networks .....................................................................................29

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7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks ................................................ 30

7.2 Masthead Amplifiers .................................................................. 31
7.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks ........................................................... 31
7.2.2 MHA for WCDMA networks ....................................................... 32
7.3 Feeders and clamps .................................................................. 33
7.4 Antenna line components .......................................................... 33
7.5 Options....................................................................................... 34
Glossary ................................................................................................... 35

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Summary of changes
Summary of changes
Version: Date: Author: Notes:

1.0 05 Oct 99 N. T. Thomas Issue 1.
2.0 16 Jan 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 2. Incorporation of minor changes
2.0.1 31 May 00 J. Hintsala Issue 2. Draft 1. Changes as per J.
Hintsala
2.0.2 30 Jun 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 2. Draft 2. To include different
MHA drawings
3.0 11 Jul 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 3.
4.0 20 Jan 01 T.N. Williams Issue 4.
5.0 05 Oct 01 Peter Berghäll Issue 5. Update
6.0_____ 10 Dec 01_________ Peter Berghäll___ Issue 6. Update____________________
7.0_____ 30 May 02________ Peter Berghäll___ Issue 7. Update____________________

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1 About this document

This document, Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite, is an overview and
contains the following information:
• an introduction to the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in chapter 2
• the features of the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in chapter 3
• examples of applications and configurations in chapter 4
• the product structure of the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite in
chapter 5
• technical specifications in chapter 6.
This document is primarily intended to provide basic information relating to
upgrades of Talk Family GSM base station sites to UltraSite base station sites.
Upgrades to UltraSite WCDMA base station sites are mentioned, but the reader
is referred to The UltraSite WCDMA Antenna System product overview for a
more detailed discussion.
For more detailed information on the Nokia UltraSite macrocellular solution
and related products, see the Nokia UltraSite Solution Description and the
product overviews for the Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS, Nokia FlexiHopper
microwave radio and Nokia UltraSite support. The Nokia UltraSite solution
incorporates GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA.

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Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite
2 Introduction to Antenna System for

Nokia UltraSite
Growth of mobile penetration and industrial change towards data and
multimedia increases the challenges of macro-cellular solutions. There is a
continuous need for high-density traffic and transmission capabilities in
addition to support for the ongoing data evolution. A concurrent need for
capacity and quality improvements raise ever-increasing demands for network
operations. Cellular operators are responding to these demands by providing
high-capacity sites. The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is designed for
serving these demands.
The Nokia Antenna System including the Nokia UltraSite Masthead Amplifier
(MHA) are specially designed and tested, and are ideal for use with Nokia
UltraSite Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). The MHAs are a part of the Nokia
antenna system and together with the BTS, form an integral part of Nokia built
GSM, EDGE and WCDMA networks. The same antenna system components
are used in GSM and EDGE sites, but for WCDMA sites, some WCDMA
specific components are required.
The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is a state-of-the-art solution for Nokia
UltraSite applications, from low-capacity road sites to high-capacity urban sites.
It represents the latest technology where special requirements of high-quality
macrocellular sites are fulfilled. Due to modularity, the Antenna System for
Nokia UltraSite is an extremely flexible design.
2.1 Antenna system without a Masthead Amplifier

The purpose of the antenna system is to distribute the RF signal from the BTS
to the surrounding atmosphere with a minimum of losses. Each component in
the antenna system is thoroughly tested, first individually, then as part of the
system. High contact pressure in the contacts minimizes intermodulation
products and ensures mechanical stability. All metallic components, connectors
and installation hardware are made of corrosion resistant materials. The
insulating materials are UV resistant and can withstand most types of air
pollution.
Figure 1 shows an antenna system without an MHA. The significance of the
numbers is as follows:
Item Description

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1 The antennas can be either vertically polarized or cross-polarized and

they can be directional or omni-directional.
2 The jumper cable is a flexible low loss cable (1/2") which is used at
the ends of the feeder. It protects the connectors from the forces
caused by the feeder cable. Jumpers are IP68 classified.
3 The inner conductors of the 7/16 connector are made of silver plated
brass or a special grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.
4 The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded as a
protection against lightning.
5 The RF-feeder is corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes,
i.e. 1/2”, 7/8” and 1 5/8”, depending on the height of the mast and
the desired attenuation.
6 Cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and they are easy
and quick to install. Design of the feeder clamps prevents over
tightening which could deform the cable.
7 A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning and
over voltage that may occur down the antenna line.
8 The wall feed through kit facilitates the connection of the feeders to
the inside of a building without the ingress of water.
4
5
8 3 2
7
4
O u td o o r In d o o r
Figure 1. Antenna system without an MHA

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Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite
2.2 Antenna system with a Masthead Amplifier

Figure 2 shows an antenna system with an MHA system. The numbers 9, 10
and 11 in the figure are identified as follows:
Item Description
9 The Nokia MHA is used to compensate cable losses between the BTS
and the antenna and, thus, prevent the imbalance between the
downlink and the uplink.
10 An extra jumper cable needs to be added. The jumper cable is a ½”
jumper with 7/16 male/male connectors.
11 The BiasTee, with or without VSWR monitoring, supplies the MHA
with a DC voltage from the BTS.
10
3 9
4
5 2
8 3 2
4 11
Outdoor Indoor
Figure 2. Antenna system with MHA

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3 Features
The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite has many features that contribute to its
flexibility and usage. The following sections describe the many qualities
relating to the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite.
All the features described provide a customer with a cost-effective network,
optimum cellular coverage and aesthetic qualities.
3.1 Concurrent roll-out

One complete solution is the safest and most economical. When building a
complete site that is designed as a system, the result is less complicated and
more efficient to implement and to operate. There are less co-ordination
problems, fewer misunderstandings, less elements and a common interface for
roll-out. The one solution method reduces the time span of roll-out, i.e.
operation of the site can be implemented sooner.
The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite and other elements of a BTS site have
common logistics and can, therefore, be implemented together. Common
logistics also enable optimised inventory and, therefore, release capital for
service creation.
Time-to-market is critical, particularity in dense urban areas where roll-out is
more challenging due to itemised regulations. Fast roll-out creates less
interference to the surrounding community and, therefore, eases necessary
permits.
The Antenna line products are linked to Planning Services. The Planning
Service provides advice about antenna selections and planning of the radio
network. In addition, Implementation Services gives advice about the
installation and the equipment required.
3.2 Modular design

Modularity means flexibility when fitting antenna systems to different sites.
The modular product structure consists of standard building blocks and kits for
standard solutions. Also, site installation is made easy and expedient because of
the modular design.

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Features
The use of standard building blocks and kits facilitates expansion and upgrading
of existing BTS sites. Also the design of the Antenna System for Nokia
UltraSite took into account the easy expandability and upgrading for future
requirements, which modularity allows.
3.3 New choices for site locations

The antennas are designed to make site acquisition easier and faster.
Use of cross-polarized and dual band or triple band antennas has an impact on
operational expenditure by minimising site rental costs and the number of
antenna feeders.
A co-ordinated design with the Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite gives an
aesthetic appearance and eases acceptance by site owners by reducing visual
pollution.
3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite

The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is designed for supporting Nokia
UltraSite base station solutions.
Integrated diplexer units in the GSM BTS and dual band antennas are a compact
solution, minimizing the number of antenna feeders required. External diplexers
or triplexers can be used to combine GSM/WCDMA systems into the same
antenna line.
Nokia UltraSite MHAs are an integral element of a site and use BiasTees
(one/MHA) installed in the BTS for their power supply and an optional VSWR
monitoring (of the antenna line). The BiasTee for use with WCDMA systems
has VSWR monitoring as a standard feature. Operation of the MHAs can be
monitored through the Network Management System (NMS).
Tested compatibility of each building block to the whole system ensures a risk-
free alternative for an operator.
3.5 Co-siting
Existing antennas and antenna lines can be utilized to some extent when a
Nokia UltraSite is built in an existing site. This minimizes investment costs and
makes the installation much easier and faster.
The antenna system can be shared either fully or partially based on the intended
configuration and existing antenna scheme. Sharing the existing antennas and
feeders depends on how they are utilized by the existing system. Utilizing
existing facilities makes the network expansion feasible and cost effective.

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If antenna line losses are the main concern, the best solution is to install new
antennas and antenna lines. In this case, there are no added losses (combiners;
diplexers) to the antenna line.
3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs
If a Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is built in an existing Talk-family BTS site,

there are various possibilities to utilize common antenna lines.
3.5.1.1 No-diversity solution

Sharing the existing antennas and feeders depends on the way the Talk-family
BTS uses them. If they are all used for transmitting by the Talk-family BTS and
if no new antennas can be introduced, then the only way to share the antennas
and feeders is to do external hybrid combining before sending the signals to the
feeders. The disadvantage of this is the reduced output power caused by the
extra combining.
3.5.1.2 Diversity solution

In cases where the Talk-family BTS uses only some of the antennas for
transmitting, the diversity branch can be used for transmitting by Nokia
UltraSite GSM BTSs and the receiver diversity information can be exchanged
between the BTSs using a separate cable set.
The diversity branch cabling, as well as the different gains of the diversity paths
coming from the other cabinet, degrade the diversity receiver sensitivity.
3.5.1.3 MHA solution

Use of MHAs is in single band case is possible only if Talk and UltraSite GSM
BTSs have their own antenna lines and antennas. Talk family MHAs can also
be connected to the UltraSite BTS, but because current consumption of the
MHAs is different, the UltraSite BTS has to be configured so that it can monitor
Talk MHA currents. This is done when commissioning the BTS. Also, the gain
of an UltraSite BTS duplexer unit has to be adjusted so that it is suitable for the
Talk family MHA. Because UltraSite MHAs have more gain than Talk family
MHAs, they cannot be connected to the Talk BTS.
3.5.1.4 GSM dual band solution

If the Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is used to provide dual band capability to an
existing single band Talk family site, the difference compared to a pure single
band case is that only the antennas need to be changed to dual band antennas
which have integrated diplexers. Using one dual band cross-polarized antenna
per sector saves antenna installation space. Existing 900 MHz antennas can be
utilized if new 1800 MHz antennas can be installed.
If a dual band sector is built within the UltraSite BTS, employment of
integrated dual band duplex units in the Nokia UltraSite BTS allows sharing of
the feeders. If the existing 900 MHz Talk BTS is expanded with the 1800 MHz
UltraSite BTS, external diplexers have to be used in the BTS end of the antenna
line in order to minimize the number of antenna feeders.

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Features
3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA
Dual band antennas for GSM 900 / WCDMA and for GSM 1800 / WCDMA
and triple band antennas for GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA makes antenna
sharing possible. Antenna line sharing can be implemented by installing Nokia
diplexers or triplexers at the top and bottom of the antenna feeder.
3.6 Customer benefits

Increased macro-cellular capacity and quality are achieved using the Antenna
System for Nokia UltraSite. The diversity of antenna construction and the
addition of an MHA system to the antenna line facilitate this feature.
Uplink imbalances and losses between the BTS and antenna are considerably
reduced by the MHA system.
3.6.1 Cross-polarized antennas
Cross-polarized antennas are required when polarization diversity is used

instead of spatial diversity. The advantage of polarization diversity is that site
acquisition is easier and installation is faster. The antennas of one site can be
installed around one small tube instead of a support structure needed to create
the necessary spatial separation for diversity. Only one physical antenna radome
is required per cell although it has two separate arrays that have their own
connectors. The environmental impact is improved by using cross-polarization
antennas.
The efficiency of polarization diversity is nearly the same as that of spatial
diversity in an urban environment. In a rural environment it may be slightly less
compatible. Nevertheless, the benefits justify the slightly weaker performance.
The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite is provided with a diverse range of
antennas that provide the customer with a number of advantages. The antennas
are listed in section 7.1.
3.6.2 Dual band antennas
Dual band cross-polarized antennas are used in dual band BTSs instead of
separate antennas. Only one physical antenna is required per cell although it has
two separate cross-polarized arrays for both bands having their own connectors.
This gives logistical and reliability advantages.
The advantages of dual band antennas are reduced visual impact, minimised site
rental costs, easy site installation and easier and faster site acquisition.
GSM dual band antennas are also available with integrated diplexers. Use of
diplexers reduces the number of feeder cables because both bands can use the
same feeder.

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The use of dual band antennas at the onset of constructing a single band site
ensures easy upgrading at a later date.
3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier
The Nokia MHA system solution is highly recommended to be used with a

Nokia UltraSite BTS.
Some of the benefits of using the Nokia MHA are due to the fact that the cell
sizes can be extended. This means that fewer BTSs are needed in the network to
acquire the same coverage, thereby providing cost savings for the operator in
coverage limited areas. It also provides a larger receiver coverage area to
mobile phone users.
Uplink imbalance is caused by improvements in handset technology where the
receiving performance is not matched to the transmitting performance and the
relatively high transmit power of the BTS. To prevent this uplink imbalance, the
Nokia MHA is used for increasing the BTS receiving cell size in the uplink
direction.
The MHA compensates for antenna line losses between the Rx antenna and the
front end of the BTS receiver. Using an MHA improves the noise figure of the
system. A lower noise figure is achieved, which ensures better sensitivity, thus
increasing network quality.
An MHA can be used on both the main (transmitting/receiving) antenna and the
diversity (receiving) antenna.
EMP protection of the antenna line is provided by the BiasTee; no additional
EMP protection devices are needed.

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Examples of applications and configurations
4 Examples of applications and

configurations
The Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite provides an affordable antenna system
for all Nokia UltraSite applications.
4.1 Typical urban GSM/EDGE site

A capacity solution for outdoor ‘rooftop’ urban sites, this three-sector BTS
includes 4+4+4 transceivers with wide band combining (4:1) and offers a
flexible evolution path from small configurations to large capacities. The use of
2-way diversity means two feeders and one X-polarized antenna per sector.
Antenna
TX/RX ant.
RX div ant.
EMP
BTS
Figure 3. Capacity solution for outdoor 'rooftop' urban sites

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4.2 Typical urban GSM/EDGE dual band site

This capacity solution is for indoor urban sites. High traffic capacity for voice
and data is configured with two bands in a three-sector BTS, which includes
8+8+8 / 4+4+4 transceivers with wide band combining (4:1, 2:1). Integrated
diplexers in the BTS allow use of common antenna feeder cables for both
bands. Two dual band XX-polarized antennas with integrated diplexers per
sector are needed.
Dualband Dualband
Antenna Antenna
TX/RX ant. TX/RX ant.
for 900/1800 for 900/1800
RX div ant. RX div ant.
for 900/18000 for 900/18000
diplexer
BTS
Figure 4. Capacity solution for indoor urban sites

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4.3 Typical urban GSM/EDGE co-site

The capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites, this three-sector
BTS includes existing 2+2+2 transceivers (2:1 combining) and is upgraded with
new 2+2+2 transceivers with wide band combining (2:1).
Antenna
2+2+2 900 AFE Talk extended with

2+2+2 900 WBC UltraSite, 2-way diversity
Talk BTS UltraSite BTS

TRX1 WCx
AFE TRX1 TRX2 M2xA
TRX2
DUxx
1. sector 1. sector
Figure 5. Capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites

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4.4 Typical suburban GSM/EDGE site

The outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites provides a large coverage
area and high capacity. This is provided by a three-sector BTS, which includes
6+6+6 transceivers with RTC combining (6:1) and 2-way diversity. Only one
cross-polarized antenna and two Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector
are required.
Antenna
TX/RX ant.
RX div ant.
MHA MHA
BiasT
BTS
Figure 6. Outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites

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4.5 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 1

This coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites utilizes a three-sector
BTS that includes 2+2+2 transceivers with by-pass combining and 2-way
diversity. High output power (28 W) ensures a large coverage area, thereby
reducing the number of sites required. The number of antennas is minimised
using cross-polarized antennas. This solution gives low visual impact. Two
Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector are used to compensate losses of
long feeder cables, which are typical for rural sites.
Antenna
TX/RX ant.
RX div ant.
MHA MHA
BiasT
BTS
Figure 7. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites – site 1

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4.6 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 2

This coverage solution for outdoor 'greenfield' rural sites utilizes a three-sector
BTS that includes 1+1+1 transceivers with by-pass combining and 2-way
diversity.
Antenna
TX/RX ant.
RX div ant.
EMP
BTS
Figure 8. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites – site 2

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4.7 Typical GSM/EDGE road site

A coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ road sites, this two-sector BTS
includes 1+1 transceivers with by-pass combining. High output power (28 W)
and greatly increased sensitivity with Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) means a
large coverage area and less sites in a network. An MHA extends the uplink
coverage in a large cell. If 4-way diversity (combination of space and
polarization diversity) is used, four feeders, two cross-polarized antennas or
XX-pol 2-multiband antennas (1800/1900/WCDMA) and MHAs for both
sectors are needed.
Antenna Antenna
TX/RX ant. RX div ant.
RX div ant. RX div ant.
MHA MHA MHA MHA
BiasT
BTS
Figure 9. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ road sites

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4.8 Urban WCDMA site

The amount of bandwidth available for the operator has a direct impact on the
site configurations to be used. The typical urban site has three sectors with 1 to
4 carriers or six sectors with 1 to 2 carriers. Because of the improved system
noise figure and uplink sensitivity, the use of MHAs is always recommended.
Antenna
3-sector: WCDMA X-pol, 65 o

6-sector: WCDMA X-pol, 33 o
MHA MHA
WCDMA MHA with
12 dB fixed gain
3-sector site:
Antennas 3 pcs
MHAs 6 pcs
Feeder Lines 6 pcs
6-sector site:
Antennas 6 pcs
MHAs 12 pcs
Feeder lines 12 pcs
Bias Tee with MHA control

and BTS VSWR sensing
Figure 10. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site

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4.9 Urban WCDMA site with Smart Radio Concept

The performance of a three-sector WCDMA site can be enhanced by the use of
Smart Radio Concept (SRC). SRC means coverage improvement by the use of
4-way diversity and capacity increase by the use of downlink diversity. The use
of SRC requires 4 separate feeder lines for each sector. The antenna solution
can be either two cross-polarized antennas or the Nokia Smart Radio Concept
antenna, where four dipoles are contained within the same radome.
WCDMA X-pol, 65 deg.

Antennas
3-sector site with SRC:

Antennas 6pcs (X-pol.)
20 -150 cm
MHAs 12 pcs
Feeder lines 12 pcs
MHA MHA
MHA MHA
Antenna lines in one sector:

Antenna line 1: Tx1, Tx2 div, Rx1, Rx2 div2
Antenna line 2: Rx1 div1, Rx2 div3
Antenna line 3: Tx2, Tx1 div, Rx2, Rx1 div2
Antenna line 4: Rx2 div1, Rx1 div3
Bias Tees with MHA control

and VSWR sensing
WCDMA BTS
Figure 11. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site with SRC

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4.10 WCDMA/GSM co-site

In this configuration example, three networks (GSM 900, GSM 1800 and
WCDMA) utilize the same antennas and antenna lines. Antenna sharing has
been implemented by using GSM 900/GSM 1800 dual band antennas. Antenna
line sharing has been implemented by using Nokia triplexers, which allow the
use of MHAs in the WCDMA branch.
A ntenna 1 A ntenna 2
G S M 900 / 1800
D ual B and, X -pol W C D M A , X -pol.
W CDMA
M HAs
G S M 900 / G S M 1800
/ W C D M A T riplexers
G S M 900 / G S M 1800
/ W C D M A T riplexers
G S M 900 G S M 1800 W CDM A BTS

BTS BTS w ith B iasT ee
Figure 12. Coverage solution for urban WCDMA site

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Management
5 Management
Monitoring of the Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is effected by a VSWR
measurement feature implemented in a BiasTee (optional), and an alarm cable.
The status of each MHA unit is monitored by measuring its current
consumption continuously by the corresponding BTS unit. The alarm states are
relayed from the BTS to the NMS. Additionally, these alarm states can be
checked locally at the BTS using a laptop computer.

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6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite

Antenna System
This chapter identifies and describes the elements comprising a Nokia UltraSite
Antenna System.
6.1 Antennas
Macro-cell antennas:
• for GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA
• vertical polarized panels
• cross-polarized panels
• GSM 900 / GSM1800 dual band, cross-polarized panels with and without
diplexers
• GSM 900 / WCDMA, GSM 1800/1900 / WCDMA dual band, cross-
polarized panels without diplexers
• GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA triple band cross-polarized antennas
• omni-directional antennas
Panel antennas are available with different gains and beam widths. Most
models are equipped with an electrical tilting option.
6.2 Masthead Amplifiers

The Nokia UltraSite High Gain Masthead Amplifier system comprises the
following items:
• amplifier including mounting bracket and clips
• BiasTee, with or without VSWR monitoring feature( standard on
WCDMA Bias Tee)
• power cable from BTS to BiasTee

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Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System
• VSWR monitoring cable from BTS to BiasTee (if VSWR monitoring is

used)
• jumper cable (between an antenna and the MHA).
For GSM 900, GSM 1800, GSM 1900 and WCDMA, the Nokia MHA uses a
single antenna line feeder from the BTS. It is designed to deliver Rx gain (GSM
version 33 dB, WCDMA version 12 dB), a low Rx noise figure, and a low Tx
loss in a compact, low volume, lightweight sealed enclosure.
The MHA must be mounted close and connected to the BTS receiver (Rx)
antenna. It provides amplification to the uplink signal from the mobile received
by the BTS Rx antenna.
The signal is then passed to the BTS via the antenna line and BiasTee (which is
directly connected to the BTS antenna connector). The MHA, which uses a Low
Noise Amplifier (LNA) with a low noise figure, reduces the overall noise
contribution of the antenna feeder losses, the net effect being an improvement in
BTS receive sensitivity.
The status of each MHA unit is monitored by measuring its current
consumption continuously by the corresponding BTS unit. The alarm states are
relayed from the BTS to the NMS.
6.3 Feeders
The RF-feeder is a corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes, i.e. ½",
7/8" and 1 5/8", depending on the length of the mast and the desired attenuation.
The RF-feeder is made of high-quality copper conductors. The feeders are
abrasion resistant and the sheath is made of high-density polyethylene.
The cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and are easy and quick
to install. The design of the clamps prevents over tightening of a feeder cable.
6.4 Antenna line components

The inner conductors of the 7-16 connectors are made of silver plated brass or a
special grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.
The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded against
lightning.
A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning and over voltage
signals that may pass down the antenna line. If BiasTees are in use, it is not
needed to use EMPs for lightning protection.
The jumper cable is a flexible, low loss cable (1/2"), which is used at the ends
of the feeder. It protects the connectors from forces caused by the feeder cable.
Jumpers are IP68 classified.

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6.5 Options
Diplexers are used in dual band solutions. External diplexer units are required if
the antenna or BTS does not include an integrated diplexer. There are different
diplexers for GSM 900/1800 and GSM 1800/WCDMA applications.
Triplexers are used in GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA tri-band
applications. Nokia triplexers have a DC pass function that allows the use of an
MHA in one branch. (If more MHAs are required they have to be equipped with
direct DC feed.) Wide band DC blocks are used to prevent DC voltage from
going to the other branches and base station connections.

Issue 6-0 en
Technical Specifications
7 Technical Specifications
This chapter deals with the range of antennas and associated equipment
available for the Nokia UltraSite System. Due to continuous development,
specifications and product codes are subject to change. Please contact Nokia for
detailed technical specifications and the latest product offerings.
7.1 Antennas
7.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 networks
The range of antennas and characteristics of each, pertinent to the Nokia

UltraSite Systems, are given in the following table.
Table 1. Antenna types
GSM 900 panel antennas:

Panel antenna: 870-960 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna: 870-960 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage
GSM 900 omni antennas:
Omni antenna: 870-960 MHz, 11 dBi gain, 360o coverage
GSM 900 cross-polarization antennas:
Panel antenna: 806-960 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting
GSM dual band cross-polarisation antennas without diplexer, 4-input
ports:
Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 12.5/13.5 dBi, 65o coverage, 4-port
input

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Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 15/17 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 4-port

input
Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 17/18.5 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 4-port
input
GSM dual band cross-polarisation antennas with diplexer, 2-input ports:
Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 12.5/13 dBi, 65/65o coverage, 2-port
input
Panel antenna: 870-960/1710-1880 MHz, 15/16.5 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 2-port
input
input
GSM 1800 panel antennas:
Panel antenna: 1710-1900 MHz, 18 dBi, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting
GSM 1800 omni antennas:
GSM 1800 cross-polarisation antennas:
Panel antenna: 1710-1880 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting
GSM 1900 cross-polarisation antennas:
Panel antenna: 1850-1990 MHz, 19.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting
7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks
The range of antennas and their characteristics are given in the following table.
Table 2. Antenna types
WCDMA panel antennas:

WCDMA omni antennas:
WCDMA GSM cross-polarization antennas:
Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 18.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o tilting

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Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 12.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o tilting
Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 0-10o tilting
Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 65o, 18 dBi, 0-8o tilt
Panel antenna: 1710-2170 MHz, 65o, 19.5 dBi, 0-6o tilt
WCDMA GSM dual band cross-polarization antennas, 4-input ports:
input, 0-14o/0-8o tilt
WCDMA GSM dual band cross-polarization antennas, 4-input ports,
Smart Radio Concept (SRC) antennas:
Panel antenna: 1710-2170/1710-2170 MHz, 18/18 dBi, 65o/65o coverage, 4-
port input, 0-8o/0-8o tilt
Panel antenna: 1710-2170/1710-2170 MHz, 17/17 dBi, 85o/85o coverage, 4-
port input, 0-8o/0-8o tilt
WCDMA GSM triple band cross-polarization antennas, 6-input ports:
Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-1880/1920-2170 MHz, 14.5/16.5/17 dBi,
65o/67o/63o coverage, 6-port input, 0-14o/0-6o/0-6o tilt
Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-1880/1920-2170 MHz, 16/17.5/18 dBi,
Panel antenna: 824-960/1710-2170/1710-2170 MHz, 17/17/16.5 dBi,
7.2 Masthead Amplifiers
7.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks
The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and BiasTee range are listed in the following
table.
Table 3. MHAs and BiasTees
MHA 900 MHz, 880-915 MHz band


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MHA 1900 MHz, 1850-1910 MHz full band
BiasTee 900/1800/1900, including power cable
BiasTee 900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables
BiasTee 1800/1900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables
Jumper cable for MHA: 1.5 m, m/m
Table 4. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA 1800
Operating voltage +11 to +13.5 VDC

Maximum operating current 750 mA
Tx insertion loss 0.50 dB maximum
Noise figure at room temperature 1.60 dB maximum
Noise figure over operating range 1.90 dB maximum
Nominal Gain 33 dB
MTBF 400 000 hours
Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC
Size 273 x 169 x 85
Weather protection IP65
7.2.2 MHA for WCDMA networks
The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and BiasTee range is described in the
following tables.
Table 5. MHA and BiasTee for WCDMA
MHA WCDMA: 1920-1980 MHz band

Bias Tee WCDMA: VSWR, including power/alarm cable
Jumper cable for MHA: 1.5 m, m/m
Table 6. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA for WCDMA
Operating voltage 7 to13 VDC

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Maximum operating current 230 mA

Insertion loss of Tx path 0.3 dB (typical) 0.6dB (max)
Gain path noise figure @ 12 dB gain 2.0 dB maximum
Gain 12 dB + 1.5
MTBF 750 000 hours
Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC
Size 230 x 170 x (85…100)
Weather protection IP65
7.3 Feeders and clamps

Feeder cables and clamps for GSM and WCDMA networks are listed in the
following table.
Table 7. Feeders and clamps
Feeder cables:
Feeder cable RF ½” 50 ohm
Feeder cable RF 7/8” 50 ohm
Feeder cable RF 1 5/8” 50 ohm
Feeder clamps:
Clamp RF M 2 x ½” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm
Clamp RF M 2 x 7/8” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm
Clamp RF M 1 x 1 5/8” for rod8-25m/flat3-25mm
7.4 Antenna line components

The following table identifies the range of antenna line components for both
GSM and WCDMA networks.
Table 8. Antenna line components
Connectors (7-16 male interface)

Jumper cables (length 0.5m/1.5m with 7-16 m/f connectors)
Grounding kits
EMP broadband 800-2170 MHz

Issue 6-0 en
7.5 Options
Table 9. Optional items
Dual band 800-1000/1700-2170 diplexer

Dual band 1800/WCDMA diplexer
Tri-band 900/1800/WCDMA triplexer

Issue 6-0 en
Error! No text of specified style in document.
Glossary
AC Alternating Current
Alarm Announcement given to the operating personnel about abnormal function of the
system or about a failure, or an indication of the degradation of the service level or
performance
Alarm status The current status of the system; indicates what alarms are active, if any
BTS Base Transceiver Station; Base Station
DC Direct Current
EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EN European Norm
EMP Electro Magnetic Pulse
GSM Global System Mobile
LNA Low Noise Amplifier (part of MHA)
MHA Masthead Amplifier
NMS Network Management System
NTC Nokia Telecommunications Ltd
OMC Operations and Maintenance Centre
RAS Radio Access Systems
RF Radio Frequency
Rx Receiver
Site Specific installation location of a given BTS
Site application Complete telecom solution for the planned area, i.e. road side, rural, suburban or
urban, where the capacity, coverage and expansion needs differ
SRC Smart Radio Concept
SW Software
TRX Transceiver unit, transmits and receives RF signals
Tx Transmitter
UL Underwriters Laboratories
UV Ultra Violet
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

Issue 6-0 en

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Antenna System for Nokia

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 1 (34)

2 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

1 About this document..................................................................6

2 Introduction to Antenna System for Nokia UltraSite...............7

4 Examples of applications and configurations .......................15

6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite Antenna

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 3 (34)

7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks ................................................ 30

4 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

Version: Date: Author: Notes:

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 5 (34)

1 About this document

6 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

2 Introduction to Antenna System for

2.1 Antenna system without a Masthead Amplifier

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 7 (34)

1 The antennas can be either vertically polarized or cross-polarized and

Figure 1. Antenna system without an MHA

8 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

2.2 Antenna system with a Masthead Amplifier

Figure 2. Antenna system with MHA

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 9 (34)

3.1 Concurrent roll-out

3.2 Modular design

10 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

3.3 New choices for site locations

3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 11 (34)

3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs

If a Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is built in an existing Talk-family BTS site,

3.5.1.1 No-diversity solution

3.5.1.2 Diversity solution

3.5.1.3 MHA solution

3.5.1.4 GSM dual band solution

12 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA

3.6 Customer benefits

3.6.1 Cross-polarized antennas

Cross-polarized antennas are required when polarization diversity is used

3.6.2 Dual band antennas

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 13 (34)

3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier

The Nokia MHA system solution is highly recommended to be used with a

14 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

4 Examples of applications and

4.1 Typical urban GSM/EDGE site

Figure 3. Capacity solution for outdoor 'rooftop' urban sites

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 15 (34)

4.2 Typical urban GSM/EDGE dual band site

Figure 4. Capacity solution for indoor urban sites

16 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

4.3 Typical urban GSM/EDGE co-site

2+2+2 900 AFE Talk extended with

Talk BTS UltraSite BTS

Figure 5. Capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites

DN99578061 © Nokia Networks Oy 17 (34)

4.4 Typical suburban GSM/EDGE site

Figure 6. Outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites

18 (34) © Nokia Networks Oy DN99578061

4.5 Typical rural GSM/EDGE site 1

Figure 7. Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites – site 1