Form 4: Chapter 6 Coordinate Geometry

SPM Forecast Questions

(Fully-worked Solutions)

Equating the y-coordinates:

Paper 1 6+k
= −1
4
1. A = midpoint of PQ 6 + k = −4
⎛ −1 + (−7) 1+ 5 ⎞ k = −10
=⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
= (−4, 3) ∴ R = (−9, − 10)

3−0 3 1
B = midpoint of QR 3. m PQ = = =−
⎛ −7 + 5 5 + 9 ⎞ − 7 − 5 − 12 4
=⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ Hence, the gradient of the straight line that
= (−1, 7) is perpendicular to the straight line PQ
1
is − = 4.
AB = (−1 − (−4))2 + (7 − 3)2 ⎛ 1⎞
⎜− ⎟
⎝ 4⎠
= 9 +16
= 25 Midpoint of RS
=5 ⎛ 2 + (−4) 4 + 0 ⎞
=⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
2.
= (−1, 2)

Hence, the equation of the straight line that

passes through the point (−1, 2) and is
perpendicular to PQ is
y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
y − 2 = 4(x − (−1))
y − 2 = 4( x + 1)
y − 2 = 4x + 4
y = 4x + 6

Let R = (h, k) 4.

Q = (−3, −1)
⎛ 3(−1) +1(h) 3(2) +1(k ) ⎞
⎜ , ⎟ = (−3, −1)
⎝ 1+ 3 1+ 3 ⎠
⎛ −3 + h 6 + k ⎞
⎜ , ⎟ = (−3, −1)
⎝ 4 4 ⎠

Equating the x-coordinates:

−3 + h
= −3
4
−3 + h = −12
h = −9

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 The diagonals of a rhombus are
perpendicular to each other.

Hence, the diagonal BD is the perpendicular

bisector of AC.

⎛ 2 + 6 −1 + 5 ⎞
Midpoint of AC = ⎜ , ⎟ = (4, 2)
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
5 − (−1) 6 3
m AC = = =
6−2 4 2
1 1 2
∴ mBD =− =− =−
mAC ⎛ 3⎞ 3
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠

Hence, the equation of BD is

y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
2
y − 2 = − ( x − 4)
3
3( y − 2) = −2( x − 4)
3 y − 6 = −2 x + 8
3 y = −2 x + 14

5. QA = QB
(x −1)2 + ( y − 2)2 = (x − 0)2 + ( y − 3)2
( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = ( x − 0) 2 + ( y − 3) 2
x 2 − 2x + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 = x 2 + y 2 − 6 y + 9
−2 x − 4 y + 5 = −6 y + 9
−2 x + 2 y − 4 = 0
−x + y − 2 = 0
y = x+2

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 Paper 2 5 −1
(b) m PQR = = −2
0−2
1. (a) 2 x + y − 5 = 0
At the y-axis, x = 0 The equation of the straight line that is
2(0) + y − 5 = 0 perpendicular to the straight line PQR is
y=5 −
1
=−
1 1
= .
∴ P = (0, 5) mPQR (−2) 2

3PQ = 2QR Hence, the equation of the straight line

that passes through the point R(5, −5) and
PQ 2
= is perpendicular to the straight line PQR is
QR 3 y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
1
Let R = (h, k) y − (−5) = (x − 5)
2
2( y + 5) = x − 5
2 y + 10 = x − 5
2 y = x − 15

Q = (2, 1)
⎛ 3(0) + 2(h) 3(5) + 2(k ) ⎞
⎜ , ⎟ = (2,1)
⎝ 2+3 2+3 ⎠
⎛ 2h 15 + 2k ⎞
⎜ , ⎟ = (2,1)
⎝ 5 5 ⎠

Equating the x-coordinates:

2h
=2
5
h=5

Equating the y-coordinates:

15 + 2k
=1
5
15 + 2k = 5
k = −5

∴ R = (5, − 5)

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2. (a) Let A = (0, t)
From ➁ :
m PA = mQA When h = 2 , k = −2(2) + 2 = −2
t −1 t−4 Hence, B = (h, k) = (2, −2)
=
0 − (−2) 0 − 4
(e) P = (−2, 1), Q = (4, 4), R = (x, y)
−4(t − 1) = 2(t − 4)
−4t + 4 = 2t − 8 PR : RQ = 2 : 1
−6t = −12 PR 2
t=2 =
RQ 1
∴ A = (0, 2)
PR = 2 RQ
4 −1 3 1 (x − (−2))2 + ( y −1)2 =
(b) m PQ = = =
4 − (−2) 6 2
2 (x − 4)2 + ( y − 4)2
1 1
mAB = − =− = −2 ( x + 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 =
mPQ ⎛ 1⎞
⎜ ⎟ 22 ((x − 4)2 + ( y − 4)2 )
⎝ 2⎠
Hence, the equation of the straight line x 2 + 4x + 4 + y 2 − 2 y + 1 =
AB is 4(x 2 − 8x +16 + y 2 − 8 y +16)
y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
x 2 + 4x + 4 + y 2 − 2 y + 1 =
y − 2 = −2(x − 0)
y − 2 = −2 x 4 x 2 − 32 x + 64 + 4 y 2 − 32 y + 64
y = −2 x + 2 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 − 36 x − 30 y + 123 = 0
x 2 + y 2 − 12 x − 10 y + 41 = 0
(c) Area of ∆QAB = 10 units2
14 0 h 4
= 10 Hence, the equation of the locus of the
24 2 k 4 moving point R is
4 0 h 4 x 2 + y 2 − 12x − 10 y + 41 = 0 .
= 20
4 2 k 4
8 + 0 + 4h − (0 + 2h + 4k ) = 20
8 + 4h − 2h − 4k = 20
2h − 4k = 12
h − 2k = 6 (shown)

(d) The point B(h, k) lies on the straight line

AB which has the equation y = −2 x + 2 .

Therefore, y = −2 x + 2
k = −2h + 2

Solve the following simultaneous

equations:
h − 2k = 6 ... ➀ From (c).
k = −2h + 2 ... ➁

Substitute ➁ into ➀ :
h − 2(−2h + 2) = 6
h + 4h − 4 = 6
5h = 10
h=2

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