TCP/IP IMPLEMENTATION IN EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Bhanupriya Periaswamy

Abstract Hardware Design:

This report is concerned with the
Standard TCP/IP protocol implementation
application of TCP/IP in embedded
is common in PCs and Workstations
systems. The TCP/IP is used for
network. It can be implemented on a
transferring data between computers
microcontroller level in the embedded
via the internet. The process of
systems.The program routines supporting
transferring the message involves a
the TCP/IP communication were
number of layered communication
implemented on a PIC microcontroller
protocols. TCP/IP refers to entire suite
system, with the aid of Multi-programmer
of data communications protocols. PIC
microcontroller board.
microcontroller is used to send and
receive TCP/IP communication data. Connection Setup:
Flowcode is a high level language used
for microcontroller programming. The
report presents program design and
explanation which can be well
understood without any programming
language experience. The aim is to
design laboratory tool to aid learning of
the basic OSI layers in computer
networking and application of various
data communication protocols on the
embedded systems. Figure 1 Connection Setup
Introduction: The hardware design tools associated with
The TCP/IP refers to entire suite of data the project are
communication protocols. To explain the • Multi-Programmer board with
computer networking it is necessary to PIC16F877A, 19.6608 MHZ crystal,
know about the architectural model. This XT setting.
architectural model developed by the
International Standards Organization is • LCD board connected to PORTB.
used for describing the structure and Internet board is connected to Port C.
function of data communications In patch system “A” is selected,
protocols. This model is called as the Open address set-up A8=1, A9=1,
Systems Interconnect (OSI) Reference A10=1.Voltage system:”+5V”.
model. The OSI model consists of seven
layers that define the function of data
communication protocols. [1]
• Standard RJ45 CAT 5 cross-over cable
connected to the Ethernet connection
on PC.
• Sensor board connected to the port A
• Temperature probe connected to the
analog terminal of the sensor board.
• The Internet board is connected direct
to a PC using a standard RJ45 CAT 5
cross over cable.
Computer configuration is done by double
clicking the network connections of the
control panel and entering into the Local
Area Connection properties. The IP
address 192.168.0.16 is entered manually
in the Internet Protocol properties.
The PC is configured to have an IP address
and proxy servers are not used.
Software Design:
Flowcode:
An ideal way of developing a program
without the knowledge of programming
language is Flow chart. Flowcode is a high
level language used for microcontroller
programming. The IP socket is created and
data is provided for the IP datagram. If the
datagram sent has its own header such as
with ICMP, the header information should
be provided as the part of the data is sent
via IP mode.
Setting up IP connection:
• Initialize the component: Initialize
the TCP_IP component with an
Initialize macro.
• Create an IP socket:
Create_IP_Socket(Channel,protoco
l,broadcast) macro is added.
• Set the destination address and
port: Add a Set_Destination
(Channel, dst_ip1, dst_ip2,
dst_ip3,dst_port_hi,dst_pot_lo)mac
ro.
• Dst_ip0 to dst_ip3 are the four IP
address bytes.
• Values must be given for the Port
numbers even though the IP socket
does not use them as all parameters
are required to be filled by
Flowcode.
Sending an HTML page using HTTP:
A basic webpage can be created for
displaying in a web browser on the PC.
When the HTTP GET request is received
the HTML data is sent. The ADC
component of the Flowcode is connected
to the temperature probe the value of
temperature is sampled and read and
displayed on the webpage. A network
traffic analyzer tool Wireshark can be used
for monitoring the TCP state and various
SYN, ACK and FIN messages.
Sending the data:
Tx_start, Tx_sendbyte, Tx_end macros can
be used for sending the HTML data.[2]
Closing the connection:
Once the data has been sent the TCP
connection could be closed.
References:
[1]. Craig Hunt:’TCP/IP Network
Administration’, O’Reilly&Associates,
2002, ED-3, pp-4-7.
[2].Matrix Multimedia Limited:’TCP/IP
Solution Teacher’s notes’, Matrix
Multimedia Limited,2005,PP-6-15.