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Learn ing Systern
Speak
toMe
M
~ AMERICAN VIDEO
UNIT 1 LESSON 1
The Verb "To Be", Affirmative ~~1
Grammatical Explanations
The verb "to be" is used for state (old, sick, tired, beautiful,
American, etc.) and for location (in California, from Brazil, at home, in
Affirmative Sentences
I am
He
She is
It old.
You*
We are
They
Note:
* "You are" is used for both singular and plural.
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UNIT 1 LESSON 1
The Verb "To Be", Affirmative
I'm
He's
She's
It's old.
You're
We're
They're
Questions
Am I
he
Is she
it old?
you
Are we
they
SI>C,,::lk
UNIT 1 LESSON 3
"To Be", Negative ~~1
Negative Sentences
I am
He
She is
It is not old.
You
We are
They
I'm not
He
She isn't
It old.
You
We aren't
They
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UNIT 1 LESSON 3
"To Be", Negative
I'm
He's
She's
It's not old.
You're
We're
They're
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UNIT 1 LESSON 10
Interrogatives D~1
Grammatical Explanations
For example:
"WHO" > a person > the man, the child, your mother,
Bob, the doctor
professions.
She is a secretary.
Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, LI,
Mm, Nn, 00, Pp, Oq, Rr, 55, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww,
Xx, Yy, Zz..
S,W':lk
~~1
UNIT 1 LESSON 12
Numbers
1
one I
2
two II
3
three III
4
four 1111
5
five 11111
6
six 111111
7
seven 1111111
8
eight 11111111
9
nine 111111111
10
ten 1111111111
11
eleven 11111111111
12
twelve 111111111111
13
thirteen 1111111111111
14
fourteen 11111111111111
15
fifteen 111111111111111
16
sixteen 1111111111111111
17
seventeen 11111111111111111
18
eighteen 111111111111111111
19
nineteen 1111111111111111111
20
twenty 11111111111111111111
21
twenty-one 111111111111111111111
22
twenty-two 1111111111111111111111
23
twenty-three 11111 11111 11111 11111 III
24
twenty-four 11111 11111 11111 11111 1111
25
twenty-five 11111 11111 11111 11111 11111
SIH,::tk
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-
-
- -
- - - -
- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -
z
o
en
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UNIT 2 LESSON 1
The Present Progressive Tense, Affirmative D~2
Grammatical Explanations
Affirmative Sentences
I am
He
She is
It working.
You
We are
They
UNIT 2 LESSON 1
The Present Progressive Tense, Affirmative
I'm
He's
She's
It's working.
You're
We're
They're
Questions
Am I
he
Is she
it working?
you
Are we
they
UNIT 2 LESSON 2
The Present Progressive Tense, Negative ~~2
Negative Sentences
I am
He
She is
It not working.
You
We are
They
I'm not
He
She isn't
It working.
You
We aren't
They
Spc:ak
toMe 61
UNIT 2 LESSON 2
The Present Progressive Tense, Negative
I'm
He's
She's
It's not working.
You're
We're
They're
Note:
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UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense W3
Grammatical Explanations
We use the simple present tense to talk about our daily activities.
We typically use these time phrases with this tense:
Affirmative Sentences
I
You
We eat
They
fish.
He
She eats
It
Note:
UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense
Questions
I
we
Do you
they
eat fish?
he
Does she
it
Add "es" to verbs which end in "sh", "ch", "55" and "x".
Pronounce this like "ez".
brush brushes
wash washes
teach teaches
kiss kisses
watch watches
fix fixes
push pushes
relax relaxes
UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense ~~3
Add "es" to verbs ending in a consonant and "y"; first change
the "y" to "i".
cry cries
study studies
worry worries
carry carries
try tries
pay pays
say says
buy buys
enjoy enjoys
...: ......... 1.
UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense
have has
do does
go goes
Negative Sentences
I
You
We do
They
not eat fish.
He
She does
It
I
You
don't
We
They
eat fish.
He
She doesn't
It
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UNIT 1 LESSON 1
The Verb "To Be", Affirmative tQti1 ~~1
X5!-A1-~
:ttij~a-'fitJtj~~U~o
1fJiJo]~
I am
He
She is
It old.
You'
We are
They
~~:
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UNIT 1 LESSON 1
The Verb "To Be", Affirmative
I'm
He's
She's
It's old.
You're
We're
They're
I~ If :.i: 1jJ ~
Am I
he
Is she
it old?
you
Are we
they
SP4::lk
UNIT 1 LESSON 3
"To Be", ~~~ ~~1
~jE-tD~
I am
He
She is
It is not old.
You
We are
They
I'm not
He
She isn't
It old.
You
We aren't
They
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ill
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UNIT 1 LESSON 11
The Alphabet W1
The Alphabet
Aa, Bb, Ce, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, L1,
Mm, Nn, 00, Pp, Oq, Rr, 55, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww,
Xx, Yy, Zz
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UNIT 2 LESSON 1
The Present Progressive Tense, Affirmative J.tt±.ift~T~ ~~2
x~Jf..
l1f~ii.J~
----.
I am
-
He
She is
It working.
-
I
You
We are
They
L 1 ..I. J
Sp(~~kA.' .. ~rc
UNIT 2 LESSON 1
The Present Progressive Tense, Affirmative J..t.tui!.1T~
j?jja~~1lTjEin~
I'm
He's
She's
It's working.
You're
We're
They're
tI rg~ in ~
Am I
he
Is she
it working?
you
Are we
they
UNIT 2 LESSON 2
The Present Progressive Tense, Negative J.ttui!.tT~ ~2
&;iii.J~
I am
He
She is
It not working.
You
We are
They
I I
I
I'm
1 not
-I
I
He
I
She
It
You
We
1 isn't
aren't
~
working.
L
They
1 j -.J
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en
c
.x
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UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense m~J~tfJ*~ ~~3
Grammatical Explanations
We use the simple present tense to talk about our daily activities.
We typically use these time phrases with this tense:
Affirmative Sentences
I
You
We eat
They
fish.
He
She eats
It
Note:
Spqk
UNIT 3 LESSON 1
The Simple Present Tense
Questions
I
we
Do you
they
eat fish?
he
Does she
it
Add "es" to verbs which end in "sh", "ch", "ss" and "x".
Pronounce this like "ez".
brush brushes
wash washes
teach teaches
kiss kisses
watch watches
fix fixes
push pushes
relax relaxes
?1?
UNIT 3 LESSON 2
The Simple Present Tense, Negative Form D~3
Grammatical Explanations
Negative Sentences
I
You
We do
They
not eat fish.
He
She does
It
I
You
don't
We
They
eat fish.
He
She doesn't
It
·-;r)C:;lk
UNIT 4 LESSON 1
The Future with "Going to", Affirmative ~4
Grammatical Explanations
Affinnative Sentences
I am
He
She is
It going to eat chicken tonight.
You
We are
They
1
UNIT 4 LESSON 1
The Future with "Going to ", Affirmative
Questions
Am I
he
Is she
it going to eat chicken tonight?
you
Are we
they
2
- UNIT 4 LESSON 2
The Future with "Going to", Negative D~4
Negative Sentences
I I am
He
She is
It not going to eat chicken tonight.
You
We are
They
I'm not
He
She isn't
It going to eat chicken tonight.
-
You
We aren't
-
They
-
- Speak
toMe® 11
-
UNIT 4 LESSON 5
The Future with "Will" D~4
Grammatical Explanations
Affirmative Sentences
He
She
It will arrive next week.
You
-
We
They
"l',:>k
roMc:® 23
UNIT 4 LESSON 5
The Future with "Will"
Questions
he
she
Will it arrive next week?
you
we
they
24
~4
UNIT 4 LESSON 6
The Future with "Won't"
Grammatical Explanations
To form the negative of "will" simply add the word "not" or use
the contraction "won't".
He
She
It won't arrive tonight.
You
We
They
S""ok
roMc® 27
UNIT 4 LESSON 7
Possibility in the Future with "Might" ~4
Grammatical Explanations
Affirmative Sentences
He
She
It might arrive next week.
You
We
They
Negative Sentences
He
She
It might not arrive next week.
You
We
They
31
UNIT 4 LESSON 7
Possibility in the Future with "Might"
For example:
Or:
32
UNIT 4 LESSON 9
Contractions with "Going to", Affirmative D~4
Affirmative Sentences with Contractions
I'm
He's
She's
It's going to arrive next week.
You're
We're
They're
,~p<'"k
(oMc® 41
~,
UNIT 4 LESSON 10
Contractions of "Wi!!", Affirmative D~4
Affirmative Sentences with Contractions
'-,- -
I'll
He'll
She'll
It'll arrive next week.
You'll
We'll
They'll
Speak
toi'-le® 45
UNIT 4 LESSON 12
Numbers 400 - 1,000,000 D~4
Repeat the following numbers:
55
UNIT 5 LESSON 1
Past Tense
Grammatical Explanations
Affirmative Sentences
I
He
She
It drank water.
You
We
They
57
UNIT 5 LESSON 1
Past Tense
Questions
I
he
she
Did it drink water?
you
we
they
Speak
58 to l\-1cc.F)
UNIT 5 LESSON 1
Past Tense, Regular Verbs Ending with a "d" Sound
Grammatical Explanations
-
Ending Sound [d}
clean cleaned
rub rubbed
live lived
close closed
interview interviewed
fill filled
judge judged
Sp.;ak
roMc® 59
UNIT 5 LESSON 2
Past Tense, Regular Verbs Ending with a "t" Sound
Grammatical Explanations
work worked
stop stopped
laugh laughed
wash washed
watch watched
practice practiced
fix fixed
.":ip<_·;lk
fo~'Tc® 63
UNIT 5 LESSON 3
Past Tense, Regular Verbs Ending with an Hid" Sound
Grammatical Explanations
The final sound tied" is pronounced rid] when the infinitive ends in
a "t" or a "d".
paint painted
want wanted
visit visited
celebrate celebrated
add added
need needed
decide decided
.~pc"k
roMc® 69
UNIT 5 LESSON 3
Past Tense, Special Spelling Rules for Regular Verbs
Grammatical Explanations
A.
nap napped
stop stopped
clap clapped
stab stabbed
stub stubbed
rub rubbed
B.
study studied
wony worned
try tried
cry cried
deny denied
Spc:ak
roMc ( 75
UNIT 5 LESSON 3
Past Tense, Special Spelling Rules for Regular Verbs
c.
When the infinitive ends in
employ employed
play played
pray prayed
enjoy enjoyed
stay stayed
As a general rule, most verbs of more than two syllables are regular
consider considered
inquire inquired
introduce introduced
operate operated
recommend recommended
diagnose diagnosed
negotiate negotiated
continue continued
sympathize sympathized
demonstrate demonstrated
remember remembered
verbalize verbalized
76
UNIT 5 LESSON 4
Past Tense, Irregular Verbs
Grammatical Explanations
ItTegular vetbs tend to be short words, of one or 000 syllables, which are
frequently used in the language.
Study these vety common irregular verbs in the infinitive and past tense
- forms:
do did go went
make made eat ate
have had see saw
leave left fall fell
rise rose lay laid
win won lie lay
lose lost run ran
find found get got
forget forgot break broke
speak spoke steal stole
tear tore wear wore
stand stood unde~tan~ood
- sit
swim
sat
swam
drink
give gave
ring rang begin began
pay paid say said
feed fed meet met
sleep slept sweep swept
keep kept feel felt
sell sold tell told
Sp<:"k
lOMc® 77
~
-
UNIT 5 LESSON 4
Past Tense, Irregular Verbs
S)"",,k
78 t,o Mcql~
-
UNIT 5 LESSON 5
Past Tense, Negative Form
Grammatical Explanations
Negative Sentences
I
He
She
It did not eat yesterday.
You
We
They
I
He
-
She
It didn't eat yesterday.
You
We
They
-
83
UNIT 5 LESSON 9
Past Tense, Verb "To Be}}, (Was/Were)
Grammatical Explanations
for state:
I am hungry.
I was hungry.
He is very old.
He was very old.
or for location:
We are at home.
We were at home.
She is in Italy.
She was in Italy.
We typically use the past tense of the verb "to be" with past tense
time expressions.
For example:
101
UNIT 5 LESSON 9
Past Tense, Verb "To Be" (Was/Were)
Affirmative Sentences
I
He
was
She
It here last week.
You
We were
They
Questions
I
he
Was
she
it
here last week?
you
Were we
they
Speak
102 loMc®
UNIT 5 LESSON 11
Past Tense, Verb "To Be", Negative Form
Grammatical Explanations
Negative Sentences
I
He
She was
It
not here yesterday.
l You
We were
They
-
I
He
wasn't
She
It
here yesterday.
You
We weren't
They
Sp"ok
toMc® 109
UNIT 6 LESSON 1
Helping Verb "Can" D~6
Grammatical Explanations
Examples:
Questions
I
he
she
Can it play tennis?
you
- we
they
Affirmative Sentences
I
He
She
It can play tennis.
You
We
They
- Sp,:ak
foMc® 115
UNIT 6 LESSON 1
Helping Verb "Can"
Short Answers
I
he
she
Yes, it can.
you
we
they
Spcnk
116 tol'tTc:ii '
UNIT 6 LESSON 2
Helping Verb "Can't"
Grammatical Explanations
- To form the negative of "can", simply add the word "not" or use
the contraction "can't".
I
he
she
- Can it
you
we
play cards?
they
Negative Sentences
I
He
She
It can't play cards.
You
We
They
,~p<'"k
- toMc® 121
UNIT 6 LESSON 2
Helping Verb "Can't"
I
he
she
No, it can't.
you
we
they
Sp<'''k
122 loMe@:'
-
UNIT 6 LESSON 3
- Helping Verb "Should" ~6
Grammatical Explanations
Questions
- -
I
he
she
Should it eat fruit?
you
- we
they
I
He
She
It should eat fruit.
You
We
They
Srx"k
toMc® 125
UNIT 6 LESSON 3
Helping Verb "Should"
I
he
she
Yes, it should.
you
we
they
Sp....flk
(oMcC1I.~
126
UNIT 6 LESSON 3
Helping Verb "Shouldn't" D~6
Grammatical Explanations
To form the negative of "should", simply add the word "not" or use
the contraction "shouldn't",
I
he
she
Should it smoke?
you
we
they
Negative
I
He
She
It shouldn't smoke.
You
We
They
Speak
roMc® 127
UNIT 6 LESSON 3
He/ping Verb "Shou/dn't"
I
he
she
No, it shouldn't.
you
we
they
Sp("~lk
128 to Mc®
- UNIT 6 LESSON 4
Helping Verb "Could"
Grammatical Explanations
Example:
Example:
(But I don't have a lot of money, so I can't travel around the world.)
'~J.X:ak
(oMc®
133
UNIT 6 LESSON 4
Helping Verb "Could" (Past of "Can")
I
he
she
sleep well
Could it last night?
you
we
they
"l)(,'ak
134 toMe@;
UNIT 6 LESSON 4
Helping Verb "Could" (Past of "Can'') D~6
I
he
she
Yes, it could.
you
we
they
Sp<:ak
- 135
tol\1c®
UNIT 6 LESSON 4
Helping Verb "Couldn't"
I
he
she
sleep well
No, it couldn't
last night.
you
we
they
I
he
she
No, it couldn't.
you
we
they
Sp(~ak
136 (oi\1c®
UNIT 6 LESSON 5
"Could", Conditional Use
I I
he he
she she
win the were
Could it if it
race faster?
we we
you you
they they
I I
He he
She she
win the were
It could if it
race faster.
We we
You you
They they
139
UNIT 6 LESSON 5
"Could", Conditional Use
I
he
she
Yes, it could.
you
we
they
Spc:"tk
140 loMc®
UNIT 6 LESSON 6
Helping Verb "Would"
Grammatical Explanations
Example:
» a wish or desire
Example:
Example:
Speak
loMt:(ID
145
UNIT 6 LESSON 6
"Would" Conditional Use ~6
Questions with "Would"
I I
he he
she she
win the were
Would it if it
race faster?
we we
you you
they they
I I
He he
She she
win the were
It would if it
race faster.
We we
You you
They they
Sp<:nk
toi\lc::® 147
UNIT 6 LESSON 6
"Would", Contitional Use
I
he
she
Yes, it would.
you
we
they
Sp<:ak
148 to Me@'
UNIT 6 LESSON 6
"Wouldn't", Contitional Use D~6
Questions with uWould"
~
I I
he he
she she
win the were
Would it if it
race slow?
we we
you you
they they
I I
He he
She she
win the were
It wouldn't if it
race slow.
We we
You you
They they
Spc:ak
loMe® 149
UNIT 6 LESSON 6
"Wouldn't", Contitional Use
I
he
she
No, it wouldn't.
you
we
they
150
--•
UNIT 6 LESSON 9
.
-,...
Automobile Vocabulary D~6
Repeat each word after it is spoken by your instructor:
-,
~~4
-
- -4
_.
-,
-,.
_I
Spc"k
to i'\lc:(!l) 165
-r.
-'
-,.
-...'
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense ~7
Grammatical Explanations
Example:
( I came to the United States 25 years ago and I'm still here.)
2) something that occured in the recent past when time is not mentioned
Examples:
Examples:
Examples:
No, it hasn't stopped here yet. (We are still waiting for it. )
SIXak
roMc® 1
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense
We form the present pettect tense with the present tense of the verb
''to have" plus the past participle of the main verb.
Examples:
I have worked.
He has worked.
We form the past participle ofregular vetbs by adding "ed" or "d" to the
simple form of the verb. (They have exactly the same form as the simple
past. Consult the verb list in Set 2 of Spt'ak to Mc1~J for all the spelling /1Jles.)
The past participles of irregular verbs vary Study the past participles of the
following irregular verbs:
do done go gone
make made eat eaten
have had see seen
leave left fall fallen
rise risen lay laid
win won lie lain
lose lost run run
find found get gotten
forget forgotten break broken
speak spoken steal stolen
tear torn wear worn
stand stood understand understood
sit sat drink drunk
.~p<,"k
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=-=t
~
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
~
~
The Present Perfect Tense ~7
Infinitive Past Participle Infinitive Past Participle
Spc:tk
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UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense, "Ever", Affirmative
I
you
Have
we
they
ever eaten lobster?
he
Has she
it
I
you
have
we
they
Yes, eaten lobster.
he
she has
it
Sp(:;lk
4 loMc@
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense, "Ever" Affirmative D:tI27
Short Answers to Questions with "Ever"
I
!
you
have.
we
they
Yes,
!
he
she has.
it
•.
!!
Speak
{O~Jc®
5
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense, "Ever" Affirmative D~7
Short Answers to Questions with "Ever"
I
you
have.
we
they
Yes,
he
she has.
it
UNIT 7 LESSON 2
The Present Perfect Tense, "Never" Negative D:i!}7
Questions with "Ever/Never"
I
you
Have
we
they
ever lived in Rome?
he
Has she
it
I
you
have
'~~
they
No, never lived in Rome.
he
she has
it
.-;~-nk
(oMc® 9
UNIT 7 LESSON 3
The Present Perfect Tense (and the Continuous Form) D:tJj7
Another tense similar to the present perfect is the present perfect
continuous tense. We use this tense to show an action that began
in the past and is still going on.
Example:
We use this tense when we are interested in the action itself rather
than the result of the action.
Example:
!!!!!!!! We use the (simple) present perfect when the result of the action
- is more important.
!!!!!
!!!!!
Example:
Spcok
toMe 13
•
UNIT 7 LESSON 3
The Present Perfect Tense, "Since/For"
Grammatical Explanations
We use both "since" and ufor" to say how long something has
July 1 (now)
(beginning of period)
I since 2005
You since last March
have
We since Friday.
They since last week.
been in the U.S. ------------------
for a week.
He
for two days.
She has
for five months.
It
for a few years.
Spc:,k
14 to:'tlc~
UNIT 7 LESSON 3
The Present Perfect Tense, "Since/For" D~7
Questions with the Present Pet1ect Continuous
I
you
have
we
they
How long been studying English?
he
has she
it
I
You
have
We
They
been studying English for many years.
He
She has
It
S[X,k
roMe 15
UNIT 7 LESSON 4
The Present Perfect Tense, "Already/Yet" ~7
Questions with 'tyet"
It's 7:00 A.M.
I
you
Have
we
they
eaten breakfast yet?
he
Has she
it
I
you
we
they
have tr= ,"ready ~
Yes, v eaten breakfast. v
he
she has
it
Sp<:ak
toMe 19
UNIT 7 LESSON 4
The Present Perfect Tense, "Already/Yet"
I
you
haven't
we
they
No, eaten breakfast yet.
he
she hasn't
it
Spc;",k
20 roi\lcCE
UNIT 7 LESSON 5
The Passive Voice ¥J7
Grammatical Explanations
Example:
Example:
25
UNIT 7 LESSON 5
The Passive Voice
Examples:
is
is being
was
was being
is going to be
has been
can be
The car should be made in Korea.
will be
might be
could be
would be
Speak
26 l()~k<l\l
-
----...
UNIT 7 LESSON 5
The Passive Voice ~7
Examples of passive sentences without mentioning the person
who performs the action:
Note:
We sometimes use the verb "to get" instead of "to be" to form
the passive.
--. Example:
-
!!!!!f
- ---,
She got promoted 'from vice-president to president.
We may also form the passive using the expression "have ... done"
in place of the verb " to be".
Examples:
27
UNIT 9 LESSON 1
Conditional Sentences in the Past D~9
Grammatical Explanations
Frank invested too much money in the stock market and lost it
because he didn't take John's advice.
Frank
I
Could he
Should she have taken John's advice?
Would we
you
they
Frank
I
He could
She should have taken John's advice.
We would
You
They
87
UNIT 9 LESSON 1
Conditional Sentences in the Past
Grammatical Explanations
Examples:
Note:
Example:
Speak
88 toMc@>
UNIT 9 LESSON 1
Conditional Sentences in the Past D~9
We form condtional sentences in the past with several different
helping verbs. Their meanings are slightly different:
Example:
"Might have"
"Could have"
Examples:
Example:
89
UNIT 9 LESSON 1
Conditional Sentences in the Past
Example:
'>peak
90 [oMc<ID
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Perfect Tense, "Ever", Affirmative
I
you
Have
we
they
ever eaten lobster?
he
Has she
it
I
you
have
we
they
Yes, eaten lobster.
he
she has
it
132
UNIT 7 LESSON 1
The Present Pet1ect Tense, "Ever" Affirmative ~7
m UEver" M~@]~M9
I
you
have.
we
they
Yes,
he
she has.
it
~[Xak
roMc® 133