Device No.

Relay Title
1 Master Element

2 Time delay starting and closing relay

3 Checking or interlocking relay

4 Master contactor
5 Stopping Device

6 Starting Circuit Breaker

7 Anode Circuit Breaker

8 Control Power Disconnecing Device

9 Reversing Device

10 Unit Sequence switch

11 Reserved for future application

12 Over - speed Device

13 Centrifugal Speed Switch

14 Under Speed Device

15 Speed or Frequency Matching Device

16 For Future applications

17 Shunting or Discharge Switch

18 Accelerating or Decelerating device

19 Starting to running transition Contractor

20 Electrical operated valve

20BD
20 BL
20BP
20 CH
20 D
20 EP
20IS
20 MA
20 R
20 RF
20S
20TT
20 VT
20 ac
20 ao
20 bc
20 bo
20 to
20tc

21 Distance Relay

22 Equalizer Circuit Breaker

23 Temperature Control Device

24 For Future applications

25 Synchronizing or synchronism check Device

26 Apparaus Thermal Device

26F
26O
26 W
27 Under Voltage Relay

27/50

27/59
28 For Future applications

29 Isolating Contactor

30 Annuniciator Relay

31 Separate excitation relay

32 Directional power relay (reverse power relay)

33 Position Switch
 34 Motor operated sequence switch

Brush operating or slip ring short circuiting

35
device

36 Polarity device

37 Under current or under power relay

38 Bearing protective Device

38M1
38M2
38P1
38P2
38C1
38C2
38L1
38L2
38H1
38H2

39 Mechanical condition monitor

39VB
39SF

40 Field Failure Relay

41 Field Circuit Breaker

42 Running Circuit Breaker

43 Manual transfer or Selector Device

44 Unit Sequence strating relay

45 Atmospheric condition monitor

45HA
45SM
45FR
 46 Reverse phase or phase balance current relay

Phase sequence voltage relay (Phase reversal

47
voltage relay)

48 Incomplete sequence relay

48L

49 Machine or transformer thermal relay

Instantaneous over current or rate of rise relay

50
(High set phase over current relay)
50BF
50G
50N
50/51VR

51 AC time over current relay

51G

51LR
51N

52 AC circuit breaker

52a
52b

52aa

52bb

52LC

52LS

53 Exciter or DC generator relay

54 Reserved for future application

55 Power factor relay

56 Field application relay

 57 Short-circuited or grounding device

58 Power rectifier misfire relay

59 Over voltage relay

59N
59 G / 27TN

60 Voltage or current balance relay

60FL
61 For Future applications

62 Time delay stopping and opening relay

63 Liquid or gas pressure swich

63MT
63TC

64 Ground protective relay

64G
64N
64R

65 Governor

66 Notching or Jogging device

67 AC directional over current relay

67P
67N

68 Blocking relay

69 Permissive control device

70 Electrical operated rheostat

 71 Level switch

71SB
71SO
71ST
71L
71H

72 DC circit Breaker

73 Load resistor contactor

74 Alarm relay or trip circuit supervision relay

75 Position changing mechanism

76 DC over current relay

77 Pulse transmitter

Phase angle measuring, or out of step

78
protection relay

79 Auto reclosing relay

80 Flow switch

80AR
80AM
80LO
80SO
80W

81 Frequency relay

82 DC reclosing relay

83 Automatic selective control or transfer relay

84 Operating mechanism
 85 Carrier or pilot wire receiver relay

85PLCC

85TP

86 Locking out relay

86E

87 Differentional protection relay

87B
87BFP

87CD

87G

87G(SP)

87M
87N
87T
87TEED
87TG

88 Auxiliary motor or motor generator

88
88C
88CA
88F
88FR
88FE
88FSC
88FSH
88FM
88FMC
88L
88P
88LO
88PSO
88PSU
88PW

89 Line switch
 90 Regulating device

91 Voltage directional relay

92 Voltage and power directional relay

93 Field changing contractor

94 Tripping or trip free relay

Generator back up protection impedance

95
relay.
96 Auto loading relay
97 Trip circuit supervision relay
Note:- Device Number 95 to 99 used for specific applications on individual installations.
 Definition and Function
An indicating device such as a control switch, float switch etc.
A device whose function is to give a desired amount of time delay before
or after any point of operation in switching sequence.

A device, which operates in response to the position of a number of

other devices or to a number of predetermined conditions in a equipment
A device generally controled by device No. 1
A device used to place and hold a equioment out of function.
A device whose principle function is to connect a machine to its source
of starting voltage
Circuit breaker used in the anode circuits of power rectifier
A disconnecting device such as a pull out fuse, MCCB/ MCB used for
the purpose of connecting and disconnecting a control circuit
A device used for the purpose of reversing functions
A device used to change the sequence in which unit may be placed in
and out of service in multiple unit equipments

A speed switch which functions on over speed

A slip-frequency relay or any device operates at appoximately
synchronous speed of machine
A speed switch which functions when the speed of the machine falls
below a predetermined value.

A device functions to match and hold the speed or the frequency of a

machine or of a system equal to that of another machine or system.

A device serves to open or to close a shunting circuit.

A device used to close or to cause the closing of circuits, which are used
to increase or decrease the speed of a machine.
A device which operates to initiate or cause the automatic transfer of a
machine from the starting to the running power connection
A solenoid or motor operated valve, which is used in vacuum, air gas,
oil, water or similar lines. Following suffix letters are used to designate
applications:
Blow Down Valve
Block Valve
By Pass Valve
Check Valve
Discharge Valve
Electro pneumatic instrumentation
Isolation Valve
Manifold Valve
Pressurizing Valve
Relief Valve
Suction Valve
Throttling Control Valve
Vent Valve
Open only when valve is fully closed
Open except when valve is fully opened
Closed only when valve is fully closed
Closed except when is fully opened
Opened by torque responsive mechanism, to stop valve opening
Closed by torque reponsive Mechanism to stop valve closing
A relay, which functions when the circuit addmittance, impedance, or
reactance increases or decreases beyound pre-determined value.
A circuit breaker, which serves to control or make and break the
equalizer
A device functons to raise or to lower the temperature of a machine or
other apparatus when its temperature varies beyound a predetermined
value.
(This device number is widely used for designating Volt/Hertz
protection of generator).
A device operates when two AC circuits are within the desired limits of
frequncy, phase angle, or voltage to permit the paralleling of these two
AC circuit
A device functions when the temperature exceeds/ decreases a
predetrmined value.
Field winding (Rotor) over temperature
Transformer oil over temperature
Transformer winding over temperature
A device, which functions on a given value of under-voltge.
It is used for designating inadvertent energization protection of
altenator
It is used for designating under/ over voltage protection.

An isolator used expressly for disconnecing one circuit from another for
the prupose of emergency operation.
A non-automatically reset relay which gives a number of separate visual
indications upon the functioning of protective device.

A device connects a circuit such as the shunt field of a synchroous

converter to a source of separate excitation during starting sequence.
A relay, which functions on a desired value of power flow in a given
direction.
A device used for makes and break contacts when the main device or
apparatus, which has no device function number, reaches a given
position.
A multi-contact switch, which fixes the operating sequences of major
devices during starting and stopping or during other sequential switching
operations.
A device used for raising, lowering or shifting the brushes of a machine,
or for short- circuiting of slip rings.
A device operates or permits the operation of another device on a
predetermined polarity only.
A device, which functions when the current or power flow decreases
below a predetermined value.
A device, which functions on excessive bearing temperature or on other
abnormal mechanical conditions such as undue wear, which may
eventually result in excessive bearing temperature.
Motor bearing, inboard
Motor bearing, outboard
Pump bearing, inboard
Pump bearing, outboard
Compressor bearing, inboard
Compressor bearing, outboard
Gear bearing, low speed,inboard
Gear bearing, low speed, outboard
Gear bearing, high speed,inboard
Gear bearing, high speed, outboard
A device, which functions upon the occurrence of an abnormal
mechanical condition such as vibration and seal failure.
Viberation Monitor
Seal Failure Monitor
A relay, which functions on failure of machine field current or on
excessive value of the reactive component of armature current in AC
machine.
A device, which functions to apply or remove the field excitation of a
machine.
A device whose principal function is to connect a machine to its source
of running voltage after having been brought up to the desired speed on
the starting connection.
A device transfer the control circuits so as to modify the plan of
operation of the switching equipment or of some of the devices.

a device, which functions to start the next available unit in amultiple,unt

equipment on the failure or on the non-availablity of the preceding unit.
A device, which function upon the occurrence of a predetermined
atmospheric condition such as hazardous, explosive atmosphere, smoke
or fire.
Explosive atmosphere monitor
Smoke monitor
A relay, which functons when the poly- phase current are of reverse
phase sequence or contains negative phase sequence due to
unbalanced load.
A device, which functions upon a predetermined value of poly-phase
voltage in the desired phase sequence.
A device, which returns the equipment to the normal or off position and
locks it out if the normal starting or stopping sequence is not properly
completed within a predetermined time.
Locked rotor current

A device, which functions when the temperature of AC machine

armature or other load carrying winding exceeds a predetermined value.
A relay, which functions instantaneously on an excessive value of
current or an excessive rate of current rise.
Instantaneous over current breaker failure protection
Instantaneous over current ground fault relayconnected to neutral
Instantaneous over current earth fault relay
Voltage restraint, instantaneous and time over current relay
A relay with either a definite or inverse time characterstics, which
functions, when current in an AC circuit exceeds a preset value.
Time delayed ground fault over current relay(Standby earth fault relay)
connected to neutral
Excessive starting time
Time delayed earth fault over current relay.
A circuit breaker, which is used to close and interrupt an AC power
circuit under normal conditions or to interrupt this circuit under fault or
emergency condition.
Auxiliary switch closed when the circuit breaker is closed
Auxiliary switch closed when the circuit breaker is opened
Auxiliary switch closed when the operating mechanism of the circuit
breaker is in operated position
Auxiliary switch closed when the operating mechanism of the circuit
breaker is in non-operated position
Latch checking switch, closed when the circuit breaker mechanism
linkage is latched after an opening operation
Circuit breaker spring charging limit switch
A device, which forces the DC machine field excitation to build up during
starting or which functions when the machine voltage has build up to
given value.

A relay, which operates when the power factor in an AC circuit becomes

above or below a set value. Also used for automatic switching control of
capacitor bank.
A relay, which automatically controls the application of the field
excitation to a synchronous motor at some predetermined point in the
slip cycle.
A power or stored energy operated device, which functions to short
circuit or to ground a circuit in response to automatic or manual means.
A device, which functions if one or more of the power rectifier anodes
fails to fire.
A relay, which operates on agiven value of over voltage.
Neutral displacement relay (over voltage)
100% stator ground fault protection
A voltage balance relay, which operate on a given difference in voltage
between two circuits. Current balance relay operates on given difference
in current input or out in a circuit.
Voltage transformer fuse failure relay

A time delay device, which serves in conjunction with the device, which
initiates the shutdown stopping or opening operation in an automatic
sequence.
A device, which operates on given values of liquid or gas pressure or on
a given rate of change of these values.
Transformer main tank Buchholz relay
Transformer tap changer protection relay
A device, which functions on the failure of the insulation of a machine,
transformer or other apparatus to ground.
Restricted earth fault relay
Differential earth fault protection
Rotor earth fault protection

A equipment which controls the gate or valve opening of prime mover.

A device, which functions to allow only a specified number of operations
of given device or equipment. It also function to energize a circuit or to
permit intermittent acceleration or jogging of a machine at lower speeds
for mechanical positioning.
A device, which functions on desired value of AC over current flowing in
a predetermined direction.
Directional phase fault relay
Ground directional relay

A device which initiates a pilot singnal for blocking or tripping on external

faults in a transmission line or operate with other devices to block
reclosing on an out-of-step condition or on power swings. This device
number is also used for desingnating out-of-step protection.
A two position manaually operated switch, which in one position permits
the closing of a circuit breaker or placing of equipment in operation and
in the other position prevents the circuit breaker or the equipment from
being operated.
A rheostat, which is used to vary the resistance of a circuit in response
to some means of electrical control.
A switch, which operates on given value or on a given rate of change of
level.
Switch reponse level in scrubber
Switch reponse to level in seal oil tank
Switch reponse to level in storage tank
Low oil level
High oil level
A circuit breaker used to close close and interrupt a DC power circuit
under normal conditions or to interrupt this circuit under fault or
emergency conditions.
A contactor used to shunt or insert a step of load limiting, shifting or
indicating resistance in power circuit.
A relay other than annunicator, which is covered under device No. 30,
which used to operate or to operate in connection with visual or audible
alarm.
A mechanism, which is used for moving a removable circuit breaker unit
to and from the connected, disconnected and test position.
A relay, which functions when the current in a DC circuit exceeds a
given value.

This unit is used to generate and transmit pluses over a telemetering or

pilot wire circuit to the remote indicating or receiving device.
A relay, which functions at a predetermined phase angle between two
voltages or two currents or between voltage and current.
A relay, which controls the automatic reclosing and locking out of an AC
circuit breaker.

A switch operates on a given values or on given rate of change of flow.

Switch responsive to flow of room ventilation air
Switch responsive to flow of air to force ventilated motor
Switch responsive to flow of lubricating oil
Switch responsive to flow of seal oil
Switch responsive to flow of water
A relay, which functions on a predetermined value of frequency either
under or over on normal system frequency or rate of change of
frequency
A device, which control the automatic closing and reclosing of a DC
circuit breaker generally in response to load circuit conditions.
A device, which operate to select automatically between certain sources
of conditions in an equipment or performs a transfer operation
automatically.
Complete electrical mechanism or servomechanism, including the
operating motor, solenoids, position switches etc, for a tap chager,
induction regulatoror any piece of apparatus, which has no device
function numbers.
A device, which is operated or restrained by a singal used in connection
with carrier-current or DC pilot wire fault directional relaying.
Carrier or pilot wire relay phase comparision via power line carrier
communication
Tele protection equipment via OPGW fiber optic cable
An electrically operated, hand or electrically reset relay, which functions
to shutdown and hold an equipment out of service on the occurance of
abnormal condition.
Electrically reset locking out relay
A protective relay, which functions on a precentage of phase angle or
other quantitative difference of two currents or some other electrical
quantities.
Bus differential protection
Bus failure differential protection

Phase segregated curent differential protection for transmission feeder

Generator differential protection
Differential protection for split phase winding generators (turn to turn
short circuit)
Motor differential protection
100% Restricted earth fault differential protection
Transformer differential protection
Teed feeder differential protection
Combined generator and transformer differential protection
One equipment used for operating auxiliary equipments such as pumps,
blowers, exciter, rotating magnetic amplifiers etc.
Spring charge motor of circuit breaker
Compressor
Compressor, instrument air
fan
Ventilation fan (delivering air to room)
Exhaust Fan
Fan as space cooling unit
Fan on space heating unit
Fan serving forced ventilated air
Fan serving forced air cooler
Lubricator
Pump
Pump, lube oil
Pump, seal oil
Sump pump
Water pump

A device used as a disconnecting or isolating switch in AC or DC circuit.

 A device whose function is to regulate a quantity or quantities such as
voltage, current, power, speed, frequency, temperature and load at a
certain value.
A relay, which operates when the voltage across an open circuit breaker
or contractor exceeds a given value in given direction.

A relay, which permits or causes the connection of two circuits when the
voltage differences between them exceeds a given value in a
predetermined direction and causes these two circuits to be
disconnected from each other when power flowing, between them
exceeds a given value in opposite direction.
A device functions to increase or decrease in one-step the values of field
excitation in a machine.

A device, which function to trip a circuit breaker, contactor or equipment

or to permit immediate tripping by other device or to prevent immediate
reclosure of a circuit interrupter in case it should open automatically
even through its closing circuit is maintained in closed condiion.

applications on individual installations.

Remarks
Distance relay is being used for phase and
ground fault of the trasmmision lines.
Used to designate Loss of field relay / Exciter
failure relay / reactive power relay

Typically DC circuit breaker

Negative phase sequence relaly.

Genrator or motor stator winding temprature

protection

Frame leakage relay.

Device No. Relay Title

87G Differential Protection Relay

87TD Transverse differential relay

50/51 V Voltage restrained over current relay

26F Rotor winding temperature protection

50/51 G

59N Neutral displacement relay (over

voltage)

Negative phase sequence relay or

46
phase balance current relay

Directional power relay (reverse power

32
relay)

40 Field Failure Relay

Field ground relay / Rotor earth fault

64F
relay

81 Frequency relay

27/59 Under / over voltage relay

49 Winding temperature protection

95 Back up impedance relay

78 Out of step protection relay

38 Bearing protective Device

12 Over - speed Device

 Synchronizing or synchronism check
25
Device

87TG Baised differential relay

24 Volts / hertz relay (Over fluxing relay)

14 Under Speed Device

PROTECTION RELAYS FOR DIESEL ENGINE DRIVEN G

25 Synchronism check relay

49 Generator stator winding temperature

32 Reverse power relay
50 / 51 V Voltage restraint over current relay
51 N Standby earth fault relay
59 Over voltage relay
64G Restricted earth fault relay
67 Directional over current relay
81 High / low frequency relay
High speed percentage differential
87 G
relay

12 Over speed switch

14 Low oil pressure switch

15 High engine temperature switch

 Definition and Function

Differential protection for split phase winding generators (turn to turn

short circuit)

Field winding (Rotor) over temperature

Neutral ground fault relay

Neutral displacement relay (over voltage)

A relay, which functons when the poly- phase current are of reverse
phase sequence or contains negative phase sequence due to
unbalanced load.
A relay, which functions on a desired value of power flow in a given
direction.
A relay, which functions on failure of machine field current or on
excessive value of the reactive component of armature current in AC
machine.

A relay, which functions on a predetermined value of frequency either

under or over on normal system frequency or rate of change of
frequency
It is used for designating under/ over voltage protection.

A device, which functions when the temperature of AC machine

armature or other load carrying winding exceeds a predetermined value.

Generator back up protection impedance relay.

A relay, which functions at a predetermined phase angle between two

voltages or two currents or between voltage and current.
A device, which functions on excessive bearing temperature or on other
abnormal mechanical conditions such as undue wear, which may
eventually result in excessive bearing temperature.
A speed switch which functions on over speed
A device operates when two AC circuits are within the desired limits of
frequncy, phase angle, or voltage to permit the paralleling of these two
AC circuit

Combined generator and transformer differential protection

A speed switch which functions when the speed of the machine falls
below a predetermined value.

PROTECTION RELAYS FOR DIESEL ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

 Relay Application
For generator internal protection
Inter turn fault protection i.e. turn to turn fault
Over current and short circuit protection
Protection against rotor winding overheating
Earth fault protection. Relay connected to the
neutral CT.
Relay connected to the secondary of earthing
transformer
Protection against unbalanced load
Protection against motoring (prime mover /
drive failure)
Protection against loss of Excitation
Protection against rotor earth fault
Protection against low or high frequncy.
Protection against low or high voltage
Genrator or motor stator winding over
temprature / heating protection
For back up protection of GT unit
Pole slip protection
Protection against bearing over heating
Protection against over speed
Technical Requirement
Protection against generator winding fault
Only for generators with spli-phase
winding.
Relay operates even if the sustained fault
current is lower than full load current
Applicable only for separately excited
generator
Inverse time delay relay for NGR earthing
Generator neutral earthed via grounding
transformer. Used for combined GT unit.
Time lag over current relay with negative
sequence filter
Inverse time relay for DG set. Definite
time relay for turbine generator
Mho or reactance relay
DC shunt excitation or thyristor excitation
system
Measuring single phase voltage
Measuring three phase voltage
RTD embeded in the stator winding
detects temperature
Additional protection for GT combined
unit.
Measuring Phase angle
For turbo/ hydro generators. Not for
diesel generators
For deisel generator sets and hydro
generator
 For auto synchronizing generators Compare bus voltage, frequency and
phase angle with enerator

For over all protection of combined generator Additional protection for GT combined
transformer unit unit.
To detect voltage regulator malfunction Protection against over excitation, over
fluxing of GT unit.
To dtetect governor failure Protection against under speed.

ENERATORS
Check difference in bus and generator
voltage / phase angle / frequencies

Protection against overheating stator winding

Protection against motoring
Overload and short circuit protection
Earth fault protection
Over voltage protection
Earth fault protection of stator winding
Directional protection of paralleled generator
High / low fequency protection
Protection against internal phase faults and
earth faults.
Shunts down the engine if the engine speed
exceeds the set value or 110%
shunts down the engine if the lube oil
pressure reduces below the set value
Shuts down the engine if the engine
temperature exceeds the set value
Device No. Relay Title

Phase segregated current differential

87CD
protection

87TEED High speed biased differential relay

87BFP

Non directional over current and earth

51/51 N
fault relay

85 P Pilot wire relay

67 AC directional over current relay

67N AC directional ground fault relay

21 Distance Relay

Power line carrier relaying scheme.

85PLCC
(carrier current protection)
Teleprotection equipment for power
85TP
network
54 FL Frame leakage relay

79 Auto reclosing relay

High impedance circulating current bus

87B
differential relay
Precentage restraint bus differential
87 B
relay

21 Switched 3 or 4 zone distance relay

F/D Fault Locator / Disturbance recorder

 Definition and Function

Phase segregated curent differential protection for transmission feeder

Teed feeder differential protection

Bus failure differential protection

A relay with either a definite or inverse time characterstics, which
functions, when current in an AC circuit exceeds a preset value.

A device, which is operated or restrained by a singal used in connection

with carrier-current or DC pilot wire fault directional relaying.
A device, which functions on desired value of AC over current flowing in
a predetermined direction.
Ground directional relay
A relay, which functions when the circuit addmittance, impedance, or
reactance increases or decreases beyound pre-determined value.
Carrier or pilot wire relay phase comparision via power line carrier
communication

Tele protection equipment via OPGW fiber optic cable

A relay, which controls the automatic reclosing and locking out of an AC

circuit breaker.
Bus differential protection
Relay Application Technical Requirement

Phase fault and earth fault protection Phase segregated relay for 1 pole and 3
pole operation
Phase fault and earth fault protection of Teed Protection for one-and-half circuit breaker
feeder Bus bar bus bar arrangement
Breaker failure protection Tripping the circuit breakera associated
with faulty zone
Back up over current and earth fault IDMT characteristic, plain over current
protection relay
Phase fault protection for Teed feeder lines Suitable for 3 ended short distance lines
or cable feeders

Phase fault protection For double circuit feeders

Earth fault protection For double circuit feeders

Distance relay is being used for phase and 3 Zone transmission lines
ground fault of the trasmmision lines.
Inter tripping circuit breaker on the other end Phase comparision via power line carrier
of the line communication
Inter tripping circuit breaker on the other end Via OPGW fiber optic cable
of the line
Earth fault protection For Gas Insulated stations
Auto reclosing crcuit breaker after a fault trip With provision for dead end closing/
synchronism check
Phase fault and earth fault protection in the High impedance circulating impedance
bus zone relay
Low impedance voltage relay
Instantaneous over current relay
Applicable only for under grond cable
Phase fault and earth fault protection transmission
Measuring location of transient / persistent Record graphically the fault voltage and
faults current
Device No. Relay Title

Instantaneous over current or rate of

50 rise relay (High set phase over current
relay)

50G Instantaneous Earth fault relay

Instantaneous phase over current relay

50N
fault relay

AC time over current relay / IDMT

51
phase over current relay

51G Standby earth fault relay

IDMT phase over current earth fault

51N
relay.

50BF Breaker failure protection relay.

59 Over voltage relay

64G Restricted earth fault relay

Directional / Differential connection for

67N / 87 N
earth fault protection

High speed based transformer

87T
differential relay

64N High Impedance relay.

Alarm relay or trip circuit supervision

74
relay

26 W Winding Over temperature

26O Oil Over temperature
63MT Main tank Buchholz relay
Tap changer protection relay
63TC
(Buchholz type)
 Electrical operated valve (Tank over
20
pressure relief valve)

DISTRIBUSTION SUBSTATATION AND TRANSFORMER

25 Synchronism check relay
27 Under Voltage relay
49 Over current protection
50 Instantaneous over current relay
51 Time delay over current relay
51 N IDMT Earth fault relay
63 B Buchholz relay
26 WT Winding temperature high
 Definition and Function

A relay, which functions instantaneously on an excessive value of

current or an excessive rate of current rise.

Instantaneous over current ground fault relay connected to neutral

Instantaneous over current earth fault relay

A relay with either a definite or inverse time characterstics, which

functions, when current in an AC circuit exceeds a preset value.

Time delayed ground fault over current relay(Standby earth fault relay)
connected to neutral
Time delayed earth fault over current relay.

Instantaneous over current breaker failure protection

A relay, which operates on agiven value of over voltage.

Restricted earth fault relay

Ground directional relay

Transformer differential protection ( High speed based transformer

differential relay)

Differential earth fault protection

A relay other than annunicator, which is covered under device No. 30,
which used to operate or to operate in connection with visual or audible
alarm.
Transformer winding over temperature
Transformer oil over temperature
Transformer main tank Buchholz relay
Transformer tap changer protection relay
A solenoid or motor operated valve, which is used in vacuum, air gas,
oil, water or similar lines. Following suffix letters are used to designate
applications:

DISTRIBUSTION SUBSTATATION AND TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

 Relay Application
Short Circuit Protection
Zero sequence current protection
Earth fault protection
Over load protection
For back up protection of neutral grounding Relay is connected to the CT installed
resistor.
Earth fault protection
Breaker failure protection
Over voltage /over fluxing protection
Internal - earth fault protection
Directional / Differential connection for earth Earth fault protection.
fault protection
Internal protection (short circuit, earth fault, connected in delta and delta connected
fault in tap changer).
Differential ground fault protection
Protection circuit Supervpsion
Winding over heating protection
Cooling system control
Short Circuit / Winding damages.
Flash over /Fault in tap changer
Technical Requirement
Relay operates due to short circuit fault.
Relay is connected to the CT provided in
the neutral bushing / neutral earthing
Relay operates due to Earth fault in
primary, secondary and tap changer.
For two winding transformer relay is
required in the primary only, but for three
winding transformer relay is required in all
the three windings.
before neutral grounging resistor.
Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT)
characteristic
If the primary protection fails to trip the
CB relay will initiate a trip of all of the CB
associated with the same bus section.
Relay operate due to over voltage or due
to suturation of magnetic circuit.
For deita connected or un earthed star
winding, relay is connected to residual
circuit of the CT.
Star connected winding, CT"s are
winding CT's are connected in star.
For transformers grounded through
grounding resistor.
Relay operates if CT circuit wiring
becomes open circited.
Dial type winding thermometer
dial type oil thermometer
Operates due to oil surge or gas.
Oil surge in the tap changer tank.
 Excessive oil pressure in the main tank.
Incipient faults.

PROTECTION